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<i^ -Ki. 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., 



ILLUSTRATED. 



A SOUVENIR, 



,N WHICH IS PRESENTED A BRIEF SKETCH OF THE EARLY SETTLEMENT OF ESSEX COUNTY, SHOWING 
ITS STEADY GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT AS AN INDUSTRIAL CENTRE, WITH THE 
NATURAL AND UNSURPASSED ADVANTAGES ITS LOCATION OFFERS TO THOSE 
WHO ARE SEEKING FOR DESIRABLE MANUFACTURING SITES. OR 
ELEGANT HOME LOCATIONS. PROFUSELY ILLUS- 
TRATED WITH VIEWS OF, AND IN 
NEWARK, THE LEADING CITY 
OF NEW JERSEY. 



DESIGNED BY PETER J. LEARY. 




PUBLISHED WITH THE CO-OPERATION OF CITIZENS, 



Newark, N. J. 
PRESS OF L. J. HARDHAM. 

1897. 






Acknowledgments. 

Photographs represent every studio in this city, and 
are principally by William F. Conk, Ksq. 

Kngravings by the Hagoiman Photo-Engraving 
Co., 3 Great Jones street. New York City ; The Schuetz 
Photo-Engraving Co., and Seebeck Brothers, 
Photo-Engravers and Electrotypers, of Heeknian and 
William streets, New York City. 

The work was written by Dr. M. II. C. \ail. 
Composition. Press Work and Binding by L. J. 
Hardha.M. 243-245 Market street. 



•Enlcreil accordinR 10 Act of Congress, in Ihc year 1895, by Petek J. Learv, 
in llie office ii( iht- I.il)r.iri.in of Congress :ii W,i>.)iingion, D. C. ' 



Preface. 



gW^Aillt: OBJECT of tin- (lesigncr in 
fl"" attention of tliose who are seel 




piesentiiig tliis Souvenir is to attract the 
seeking for desirable homes or manufacturing 
sites, to the natural and unsurpassed advantages, as well as to some of the 
characteristic features of Essex County, N. J. A Newaik mechanic himself, 
he felt a personal pride in producing a work above reproach that would bear 
inspection and meet with the approval of his fellow-citizens. The projector, 
during the prosecution of the work, was received and shown the utmost cour- 
tesy by all classes of the people, to whose generosity and material assistance its completion is 
mainly due. The illustrations present natural and life-like views of the Streets, Parks, 
Churches, Charitable Institutions, Academies, Colleges, Schools, Public Buildings, Newspapers, 
Manufacturing Plants, Stotes, Residences and portraits of some well-know'n and highly 
respected citizens. A brief historical sketch is given and an account of the wonderftd growth 
and development of the numerous interests that in the past have, and are now, contributing to 
make the County of Essex great, wealthy and famous. We trust that the succeeding pages 
may be found filled with useful and interesting information adapted to the object in view. 




Or. M. H. C. \ aii,^ 

F,n[T0R-IN-CHIBK. 



THE IN]:)EX, 



GKNEKAL niXISIONS. 



INTRODUCTORV, 

Historic A I., 

CHL'RCH HlSIDRV, - 

Chariiabi-i-; Insth itidns. 

ElU'CATKINAl.. - - - 

GuVERNMliM'. - - - 

Press. . - - . 

Inkustries, Eic. - 



PACE. 


I-S 


- 9-40 


41 -68 


68-72 


73-120 


1 21-160 


161-172 


173-266 



Church history. 

V 

Centenary M. E. Cliurcli, 

Church of Our Ladv of Mt. C;irinel. 



59 
62 



THE INDEX TO 
SUBJKCTS. 

INTRODUCTORY. 

Title Page. - - - - . 1 
Acknowledgements and Copyright. - 2 
Preface. ----- 3 

Table of Contents. - - - 4.8 

HISTORICAL 

Ambassador Runyoji's Death. - 35-36 

A Daring Adventure. - - 28-29 

Artesian Wells. - - - - 21 

Branch Brook. - - - - 20 

Capt. Samuel F. Waldron. - - 39 

Col. Isaac M. Tucker. - - 38-39 

Corporal James Marshall. - - 39 
Essex County Roads and .Avenues. 17 

Essex County Quarries. - - 14-16 

Essex County in the Revolution. 21-26 

Essex County in the War of '61-65. 29-30 

Essex County was Loyal, - - 30-31 

First Settleinenl. - - - lo-ri 

Fort Runyon. - - - . 36-37 

Gen. Theodore Runyon. - 3'-35 

Gen. Phil. Kearny. - . . 37-38 

Gen. William Ward. - - 39-40 

Gen. George B. McClellan. - 40 
Geography and Topography. 1 1-12-13-14 

History of Essex County. - - 9-10 

Jersey Blues. - - - . 26-27 

.Major Davifl A. Ryerson. - - 39 

Orange Gets Water, - - - 21 

Passaic Supply. - - - . 20-21 

Pequannock. - - - - - 21 

Slavery in Essex County. - - 18-19 

Such is Fate. - - - . . jg 

The Acreage of Essex. - - 13 

The Affair .it Lyons Farms. - 27-28 
The First Declaiation of Independence. 28 

The lro(|Uois and Dclawarcs. - 13 

The New Jersey Brigade. - - 31 

Trap Rock. - - . . 16-17 

Water Supply, - - - 19-20 



Emanuel German M. E. Church. 48-49 
Emanuel Ref. Episcopal Church. 55-56 
Fifth Baptist Church. - - - 59 
First Presbyterian Church. - 41-44 
General Article on Churches, ■ 66-68 
Grace English Lutheran Church. 57 

Introductory. - - - - 41 
Irvington M. E. Church. - - 58-59 
Park Presbyterian Church. - - 44-45 
Reformed Dutch Church. - 51-52 
Religious Freedom, - - - 64 

Second German Baptist Church. 56-57 
Second Presbyterian Church, - 47-48 
Si.xth Presbyterian Church. - 45-47 
South Baptist Church. - - 52-53 

St. Aloysius' R. C. Church, - - 65 
St. Bridgets R. C. Church. - - 65 
St. James' R. C. Church. - - 63 

St. John's R. C. Chutch, - - 61-62 
St. John's German Lutheran Church. 57-58 
St. Paul's M. E. Church. - - 49-51 
St. Stephen's German Evan. Church. 52 
The First German Baptist Church. 
The New York Ave. Ref. Church. - 
Third German Presbyterian Church, 
Trinity Church, . . . . 
Trinity Reformed Church, - - 54 



54 
53 
49 
60 

55 



CHARITABLE INSTITUTIONS. 

Boys' Lodging House, - - - 71 

City Hospital, - - . - 70 
Essex Co. Hospital for the Insane, 1 23-1 24 

Eye and Ear Infirmary, - - 71 

Home for Incurables, - - 71 

House of the Good Shepherd. - 71 

Newark Feinale Charitable Societv, 71 

Newark Orphan Asylum. - - 71 
St. Barnabas' Hospital. - - 68-69 

St. James' Hospital. - - - 70 

St. Mary's Orphan Asylum. - - 71 

St. Michael's Hospital. - - 70 

St. Peter's Orphan Asyluin. - - 71 

St. \'incent's Home for Bo)s. - 7: 

The Foster Home. - - - - 71 

The German Hospital, - - 70 

The Home of the Friendless. - - 70 

The Hospital for Women and Children. 71 

The Krueger Pioneer Home. - 71 

The Little Sisters of the Poor. - 71 

EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS. 

Anderson. Dr. Henry J . - 117-118 



Barringer, William N., - 
Beacon Street School. 
Bergen Street School. 
Burnet Street School. 
Camden Street School. - 
Cutis, U. W.. - 
Eighteenth .Avenue School, 



i'A(;e. 
114-115 
- 98 

- 99 
- S0-81 

- 87 
115 

- 83 



Extract from Supt.'s Report, 1895. 87-8 
Fifteenth Avenue School, - - 76 
Gay, William A., - - - 117 

General School Article. 90-97. 10S-116 
Green St. German-English School, 98 
German and English School Gov- 
ernment, - - . . loo 
Hamburg Place School. - - 78 
Hawkins Street School. - - 84 
Introductory School History. - 73-76 
Newton Street School. - - - 89 
North Seventh Street School. - 89-90 
Oliver Street School. • - - 86 
South Market Street School. - 84 
South Street School. - - - 87 
St. Ann's School, . . . gg 
St. Augustine's School, - - - 99 
St. Benedict's School, - - 98-99 
St. Benedict's College, - - - 103 
St. James" School, - - . 102 
St. John's School. - - - 102 
St. Joseph's School, - - tiS-119 
St. Mary's Academy. - - - 105 
St. Mary Magdalen's School, - - 119 
St. Patrick's School, - - - 118 
St. Peter's School, - - - 99-118 
St. X'incent's Academy. - - 105 
Thirteenth .Avenue School, - - 79 
Twelfth Ward German English School, 97 
The Blum Street German-English 

School, - . - . c/g-ioo 

The Borough of Vailsburg, - - iiS 
The Coleman Nat. Business College, 106 
The " Franklin " School, - - 84-85 
The German-English Presbyterian 

School. ----- 99 
The Newark High School. - 107 

The Newark St. German-English 

School. - . . . 97-98 
The Newark Business College. - 104 
•The Newark Free Public Library, 1 19-120 
The Newark Technical School, - 1 20 
The Nr)rmal School. ... 77 
The Township School .System. I 16-1 17 
Walnut Street School. - - - 85 
W'.irren Street School, - 107-108 

Washington Street School. - - 82 
Waverly Avenue School. - - 101 



TABLE OF CONTENTS. 



ESSEX COUNTY GOVERNMENT- 
PAGE. 

Bassett, Allen L., - - - 135-136 

Connolly, James F., - - i33-'34 

Coursen. R. R.. - - - - '3' 

Dill. Dr. D. M.. - - - '30 

Fleming, James E.. - - - '35 

Hanley, John J., - - - i3'-i3^ 

Haussling, Jacob, - - - i34 

Hawkins. W. W.. - - - - 132 

Haynes, Joseph E., - - '3--'33 

Haynes, George D., - - - '33 

Hood. Louis. - - - 129-130 

Introduction, - - - 121-123 

Judge D. A. Depue. - - 126-127 

I'arker, R. Wayne, - - - i35 

Prosecutor's Office. - - - '29 

Road Board Committee, - - 1 28 

Scales Timothy, - - - 13° 

The Board of Trade, - - >35-'36 
The Courts of Essex Cnuniy. 124-126 

The Tost Office. - - - - '32 

Ure, William A.. - - - "36 

Wilhelm, George. - - - - '3' 

NEWARK CITY GOVERNMENT. 

Astley, William C. - - - 1 36 
Bosch, Adam. - - - - ' 5" 
Brown. Horace H.. - - - 156 
Brown, William H., - - -158 
Fire Commissioners, - - 159-160 

Godber, William, - - - - 156 
Greathead, William E . - 157-158 

Hamlin, James v.. - - -158 

Kierstead. Robert, - - - 156 
Mayors of Newark. - - 144-148 
Newark Board of Health. - - 150 
Newark CityGovernment. 1 37- 1 43, i 50- 1 52 
Pequannock Water, - - i53-'54 
Police of Newark, - - - 14S-149 
Price, Lewis M., - - - - ■ 57 
Sloan. Joseph E.. - - - 158 

The Fire Department. - 153-156 

The Salvage Corps. - - 160 

Thorn. John B.. - - - - 157 
Voight, H. L.. - - - 157 

THE PRESS. 

Holbrook. Albert ^L. - - - 171 

New Jersey Deutsche Zeitung. - T65 

New Jersey Freie Zeitung. - 163 

New Jersey's Great Sunday Paper. 164 

Orange Sonntagsblalt. - - - 168 

The Newark Daily Advertiser. - 161 

The Newark Evening News. - 162 

The Newark Ledger. - - 170 

The Newark Pioneer. - - - 166 

The Orange Volksbote, - - 167 

Town Talk. Illustrated. - - 169 

INDUSTRIAL, ETC. 

Ahearn, James, - - - - 262 

Alsdorf, E. & Co., - - - 263 

Bernauer. August. - - - 237 

Bird. William A., - - - 223 



Blair, Robert, 

Booth, Hubert. - - - 

Bowers, Philip J. & Co.. 

Brierley, Joshua, 

Brown, Charles J., 

Buchlein, H., - - - 

Hurkhardt. .Antlrew H . - 

Chapman, C. Durand, - 

Clark. Joseph P.. 

Clayton & Hoff Co.. 

Connolly, Thomas. H.. 

Cressey, Thomas. 

Dejong & Steiger. 

Demarest, N. J. & Co.. - 

Dixon & Rippel. 

Dowling, J. P. & Son. - 

Dunn, Walter P.. 

Duncan. Charles B.. 

Drake & Co.. - - - 

Edwards, F. C, - 

Eisele & King. - - - 

Ely, John H. & Wilson C. - 

Engelberger & Barkhorn. - 

Engelhorn. F. & Son, - 

Erb, G. L.. - - - 

Faitoute. J. B.. - - - 

Felder, Louis A., 

Finter Bros., - - - 

Finter & Co . - 

Forest Hill Association, 

Freeborn G. Smith, - 

Freudenthal & Adler. - 

Gahr, Jacob. - - - 

Gless, A. J , - 

Gray, Thomas J . 

Gregory, John. 

Haley & Slaight, 

Hamilton, William F.. - 

Harrigan. William. 

Harburger. Joseph. 

Hassinger, Peter. 

Healy. George. 

Heilman. C. W., 

Heller & Bros.. - 

Historical Review, 

Hill's Union Brewery Co . 

Hinde. Arthur. 

Hine. Edwin F., - 

Hooper & Co., - - - 

Hobbis. H. v., 

Hunt, John O.. - 

Jacobs, Walter C, 

Jacobi, William, 

Kaas, Adam. 

Kearns. William J.. - 

Kearsing Manufacturing Co., 

Klemm. Henr>' C, 

Kronenberger, J.J., 

L. Bamberger & Co., 

Logel, Joseph, 

Logel, William, 

Lyons, Lewis J., - 



FACE. 

- 259 
260 

- 252 
239 

- 204 
222 
213 

- 220 
216 

- 261 
20; 

- 232 
250 

. 189 

233 

- 237 
216 

- 221 
'74 

- 253 
203 

- 264 
191 

- 236 
236 

- 220 
204 

- 186 
196 

225-227 
247 

- 201 
231 

- 208 
209 

- 242 

'99 

- 205 

213-214 

- 241 
218-219 

- 260 
- 236 

- 190 
-185 

244 

224 
228 

25' 

228 

213 
171 
259 

219 

235 
246 
260 
264 
210 

249 
223 
246 



17; 





PAGE. 


Maher & Flockhart. - 


■94 


\Iarlatt. James. - - - - 


209 


McCabe, Owen, 


253 


McCarthy, James A., 


246 


Miller. Philip. - - - - 


224 


M. & M. Cummings & Co., - 


256 


MuUer, J. J. Henry. - - - 


217 


Mullin. W. S: J.. - 


237 


Mullin. James J.. . - - 


2'3 


Munn. F. W.. ... 2 


34-235 


Mundy. Joseph S., - 


250 


Murray. C. C, - - - 


- 238 


Nathan. David B., ... 


171 


Nieder, John, ... 


- 231 


Old Fashioned 15rewery. 


240 


Peter. Alfred, 


- 230 


Perry, Theodore, - - . 


259 


Photo Engraving and Electrotypin 


g. 257 


Poortman, Adolph, ... 


241 


Quinn, Miles F., . 


- 249 


Residence of Mr. Engelberger. - 


224 


Reilly. John. 


- 197 


Ripley, David & Sons, 


255 


Rittenhouse, Stacy B.. - 


- 229 


Rodrigo. John A., . 


243 


Russell, C. M., 


- 188 


R. Walsh & Co., 


212 


Scheller, John C, - 


- 21 I 


Schick, John, . - - - 


200 


Schill, Otto K., - 


- 229 


Schmidt & Son, ... 


198 


Schoenig, William K.. . 


- 223 


Schuetz. Charles J . - 


262 


Schwartz, H. E., . 


- 249 


Slaight, C. H.. - 


221 


Spielmann. Strack & Co . 


- 215 


Steines, .\., .... 


243 


S. Trimmer & Co., 


- 24S 


Sutphen, Joseph S.. - 


205 


Ten Eyck. H. Galloway. 


- 232 


The A. Ohl Machine Works, 


228 


The American Building Loan an 


d 


Savings Ass'n of New Jersey. 245 


The Coach Lamp Manufacturing 


Co., 254 


The Cory-Heller Wall Paper M -f'g 


Co., 192 


The End of All, 


266 


The E. E. Hogan Shoe Mfg Co. 


193-194 


The Hagopian Photo-Engraving 


Co., 258 


The Newark Watch Case Material Co.. 1 87 


The Prudential Ins Co., of America, 202 


The State Banking Company, 


- 176 


Tompson, F. W., ... 


- 214 


1 Van Houten, William F., - 


242 


■ Virtue, Lincoln A.. 


- 230 


West End Land Improvement Co 


, 206-207 


Weston. Edward. 


«75 


White. Frank A. . 


- 262 


Witzel. H. P. & Co.. . 


195 


Wisijohn. Frank, . - - 


- 209 


Woodruff, E. B., 


246 


Wolber, Charles & Co., 


- '73 



ESSEX COUNTY. N. J.. ILLUSTRATED. 



inSTDEZX TO ILLUSTPS-jPlTIOI^S. 



rA(iE. 
Ann Street School. - - - 76 
AthaX: Huyhes'otViccand Warcroonis. 1S2 

B 

IJalihvin Hmiieslcad, - - - 17 
licacon Stri-ct Gernian-Knglish School, 99 
Bird's-eye \'iew of the City of New- 
ark, looking Southwest—Frontispiece 

205 

184 

212 

So 



Borough Hall. \'ailsburg. 
Building of John Toler Sons & Co., 
Building of K. Walsh & Co., 
Burnet Street School, 



Camden Street School, - - 88 

Centenary M. K. Church, - - 5' 

Central Avenue School, - - 75 

Ch.irlton Street .School, - - - 96 

Chestnut Street School, - - 81 

Christian Church, Irvington, - - 53 

Church of our Lady of Mt. Carniel, 62 

Church of St. Mary Magdalen, - 67 

City Home, at Wrona, - - - 140 
Coal and Wood Yard -S. Trimmer 

& Co.. 248 

Commission House of J. V. Clarke, 216 
Coleman's National Business College, 106 

29 

- 173 



Copy of old Record, 
C. Wolber & Co.. - 



257 

233 

174 

54 

83 

73 



D 

Design by Seebeck Bros.. - 
Dixon & Rippel. - - - 
Drake & Co., - - . 
Dutch Reformed Church, 

E 

Eighteenth Avenue School, 
Elizabeth .\ venue .School, 
Emanuel Reformed E|)iscopal Church, 55 

210 

'54 
156 
156 
158 
120 
121 
124 
216 



Emporium L. Bamberger & Co., 
Engine Co., No. 5. N. !■". D., 
Engine Co.. No. 8, N. F. D.. - 
Engine Co. No. 9. N. F. D., 
Engine Co. No. 11, N. F. D.. 
Entrance to Free f'ublic Library, 
Essex County Court House, - 
Essex County Hospital for the Insane, 
Establishment of W, 1'. Dunn, - 
Eye anri Ear Inhrmary. - - . 

F 

Fifth Baptist Church. - - . 
Fifteenth Avenue School, - 
First C.erman Baptist Church. 
First I'resliylerian Church. - 
Forest Hill I'resbyterian Church, 
Forest Hill Sch.iol. 
Foster Home. . - . . 

Fourth I'rrcinri I'olii e Station. 
F"ree Public Library. 
Furniture House J. J. Henry Muller. 
F. W, Munn's Cab ;inrl Coupe Em- 
porium, - . . . 



59 I 
76 ! 

54 
4> 
69 

97 

72 ' 
148 

7^ 
217 

234 i 



German ^L E. Church, - - 50 
German Newspapers, - - - i7- 
Grace Evangelical English Luther- 
an Church, - - - - 5' 
Green Street German-English School, 115 
Group of Leather Manufacturers, 34 
Group of Essex County Citizens, - T31 



H 

Haley iS: Slaight, Cigar Works. 

Hamburg Place School. 

Harburger's Hall, - - - - 

Hawkins Street School, 

Hebrew Orph.m .'\sylum, 

Heller Parkway, 

Holbrook's Directory, - - - 

Hook and Ladder Co., No. 2. N. F. D.. 

Home of the Friendless, 

Home for .Aged Women. 



Interior View St. .Moysius Church. 
Interior \'iew Emanuel Reformed 

Episcopal Church, - - - 
Interior X'iew Fifth Baptist Church. 
Interior View First Presby. Church, 
Interior View Grace Church. 
Interior \'iew Photo-F.ngraving. 
Interior View Scheller's Book Bindery, 
Interior View Schill's Photo Gallery, 
Interior V'iew State Banking Co.. - 
Interior View Trinity Church. 
Interior \'iew R. Walsh & Co., 
Irvington Episcopal Chapel. 
Irvington M. E. Church. 
Irvington Public School, 



199 

78 

241 

84 
229 

226 
171 
'54 
'4' 
232 

61 

55 

59 

42 

68 

258 

21 1 

265 

176 

60 

2'3 
68 
69 

1 10 



Jewelry Works of Carter, Hawkins 

& Howe, - - . - 
Jewelry Works of Krementz & Co.. 
J. S. Mundy's Machine Works, 
Joshua Brierley's Livery Stable, - 

k; 

Krueger Pioneer Home, 



Lafayette Street Public .School. 
Landing of the early settlers 
Lawrence Street School, 
Little Sisters of the Poor, - 

M 
Main Room, Free Public Library. - 
M. X: M. Cummings & Co , 
Meeker Homestead, ... 
Miller Street School, - - . 
Monmouth .Street School, 
Montclair Avenue, - . . 
Moninnent to Early Settlers, 
Morton .Street School, 
Mullin's Undertaking Establishment, 



178 
179 
250 
239 



"7 

9 

93 

72 

"9 

256 

12 

8t 

95 

227 

29 

74 
237 



N 

r.\GE. 

Newark Academy, - - - 107 

Newark City Hall, - - - '37 

Newark City Hospital, - - 138 

Newark Electrotype Foundry, - 253 

Newark Daily Advertiser, - - i6t 

Newark Evening News. - - 162 

Newark Female Charitable Society. 139 

Newark High School, - - - loS 

Newark Orphan Asylum, - - 72 
Newark Street German-English School, 98 

Newark Technical School, - - 119 

Newton Street School, - - - 89 

New Jersey Business College, - 107 

North Baptist Church, - - - 49 

North Seventh Street School, - 90 



Officers of the First Police Precinct, 147 

Officers of the Third Police Precinct. 145 

Office of C. B. Duncan, - - 221 

onice of E. J. Gless, - - - 20S 

Oldest School in Newark. - - 73 

Old Fashioned Brewery. - - 240 

Old Synagogue. - - - - 177 

Oliver Street School, - - - 86 

Orange Sonntagsblatt, - - 168 

Orange \'olksbote, ... 167 



Park Avenue School, - - - 1 16 

Park Presbyterian Church, - 43 

Past Mayors of Newark. - - 144 
Patent and Enameled Leather Works. 197 

Peddie Memorial Church. - - 46 

Photo by William F. Cone. - 259 

Philip J. Bowers & Co , - - 252 

Piano Warerooms, ... 247 

Plant of David Ripley & Sons, - 255 

Plaut's Hebrew Memorial School. iiS 

Plant of the Hill Brewing Co.. - 244 
Plant of Newark Coach Lamp 

Manufacturing Co., - - 254 

Post Office and Custom House. - 132 

Post OlVice Cigar Factory, - - 201 

Poorlman's Hall, - - - - 241 

Presidents of the United States, 31 

Private Laboratory of Ed. Weston. 175 

Progress Club House, - - - 264 

Prudential Insurance Co., - - 202 

R 

Reading Room. Free Public Library, 118 

Residence of Mrs. William A. I're, 136 

Residence of E. J. CjIcss, - - 209 

Residence of John C. Eiselc. - - 203 

Residence of Louis J. r'"elder. - 204 

Residence of L. J. Lyons. - 246 

Residence of Richartj E. Cogan. - 205 

Residence of W. J. Kearns. - 243 

Residence of Ernest Nagel, - - 206 

Residence of Elias G. Heller, - 225 



TABLE OF CONTENTS. 



Residence of F. W. Munn, - - 235 

Residence of Edwin W. Hine. - 228 

Residence of Fred. Engelberger, - 224 

Residence of Peter Hassinger, - 218 

Residence of \V. H. Barkhorn, - 230 

Residences on Heller Parkway, - 245 

S 

Sclimidt & Sons' Steam Saw and 

Planing Mills, - - - 198 
Schill's Photograph Gallery, - - 264 
Second German Baptist Church, 57 
Second Presbyterian Church, - - 44 
Second Police Precinct, - - 146 
Seth Boyden's Monument, - - 135 
Seebeck Bros.. - - - - 263 
Sixth Presbyterian Church. - - 44 
Spielmann, Strack & Co., - - 2r5 
South Baptist Church, - - - 46 
South Eighth Street School. - 97 
South Market Street School. - - 84 
South Street School, - - - 87 
Street Views in Newark, - - 13 
Store of F. \V. Tompson, - - 214 
Store of E. Alsdorf & Co , - - 261 
Store Joseph Logel, - - - 249 
St. Aloysius' Church. - - 65 
St. Barnabas' Hospital, - - - 143 
St. Benedict's College, - - 103 
St. Benedict's School, - - - 114 
St. Benedict's Church, - - 67 
St. liridget's Church, - - - 66 
St. James' Church, - - - 63 
St. James' Hospital, - - - 7' 
St. James' School, - - - 102 
St. John's German Evangelical Lu- 
theran Church, - - - 57 
St. John's R. C. Church, - - 61 
St. John's School, - - - - 102 
St. Joseph's Church, - - - 66 
St. Joseph's School, - - -114 



St, Leo's Church, Irvington, 

St. Mary's Academy, 

St. Mary's Orphan Asylum, 

St, Michael's Hospital, - 

St. Patrick's School, - 

St. Paul's M. E. Church, 

St. Peter's Orphan Asylum, 

St. Peter's School. 

St. Vincent's Academy. 

Summer Avenue School, 

Studio of C. Durand Chapman, 



PAGE. 
67 

- 105 

142 

- 31 
117 

- 45 
70 

- 113 
105 

- 75 
220 



U 



Undertaking WareroomsC.C. .Murray, 238 



Temple B'Nal Jeshuran, - - 54 

Tenth Ward German English School, 1 1 5 

The Clayton-Hoff Co.'s Stables, - 261 

The E. Alsdorf Co.'s Store. - 263 

The E. E. Hogan Shoe M'f'g Co., 193 

The First Surveying Station, - - 10 

The '■ FrankUn " School, - - 85 

The German Hospital, - - - 231 

The German Evangelical Church, 50 

The Newark Business College, - 104 

The New City Hospital, - - 150 

The Newark Ledger, - - - 170 

The Newark Sunday Call, - - 164 

The Newark Pioneer, - - 166 

The New Jersey Deutsche Zcilung, 165 

The New Jersey Freie Zeitung, - 163 
The New York Ave. Reformed Church. 47 

The Normal School, - - - 77 

The Old Seth Boyden Foundry, - 177 

The Old Plank Road Ferry House, 17 

The " Wedding Bonnet," - - 220 

Thirteenth Avenue School. - 79 

Third German Presbyterian Church. 49 

Third Presbyterian Church, - - 47 

Trinity Church, - - - - 60 

Trinity Reformed Church, - - 53 
Twelfth Ward German-English School, 98 



V 

Vailsburg Public School, - 

Views on Broad Street, - 14-15-2 

View on Clinton .Avenue, - 

\'iew in Fairmouni Cemetery. 

View in Garden Street, 

View in Jersey Street, - - - 

View in Lincoln Park, 

Views on Market Street, 16-28,33-130-134 

Views in Military Park, - - 24-30 

Views in Newark, 1 1-12-13-18-19- 

26-32-35-36-37-38 
View- on Passaic River, - - 133 
View on Pennsylvania Avenue, - 27 
View on Springfield Avenue, - 39 

\'iews on Washington Park, - 21-28 



116 

1-25 

23 
266 
200 
129 

20 



W 

Walnut Street School, 

Warren Street School, - - . 

Washington Street School, 

Waverly Avenue School. 

Webster Street .School, 

Wheaton's Building, - - . 

William Logel's (Grocery, - 

Works of C. M. Russell. 

Works of The Cory-Heller Co., - 

Works of Crescent W'atch Case Co., 

Works of Engelberger S: Barkhorn, 

Works of Finter Bros., 

Works of Finter & Co., 

Works of Heller Hros.. 

Works of H. P. Witzel Co.. - 

Works of Maher S; Flockhart. - 

Works of N. J. Demarest tv: Co., - 

Works of Newark W. C. Material Co., 

W'orks of N. J. Zinc and Iron Co.. - 



85 
94 
82 

lOI 

92 
251 
223 
188 
192 
I So 
191 
186 
196 
190 
'95 
'94 
189 
187 
•95 



INTOE^C XO P=OK.TK.jPs.IXS. 



Adler, Frank C, - 
Adler, Francis E., 
Adler, William, 
Ahearn, James, Sr., 
Ahearn, James, Jr.. 
Allen, Rev. J. S., 
Alsdorf, E., 

Anderson, Dr. Henry J. 
Argue, R. D., 
Arbuckle, J. N., - 
Astley, William C, 



Backus, J. A., 
Baker, Henry R., 
Balcom, A. G., - 
Baldwin, Joseph, 
Barkhorn, Win. C 
Barringer, William N., 
Bassett, Allen L., 
Baumann, Charles, 
Berg, A., - 
Bernauer, August. 
Beyer, Herman E. L., 
Bird, William A., 
Birkenhauer, Sebastian. 
Bissell. William E., 
Blair, Robert, - 
Blanchard, Noah F., 
Bloemecke, Henry, 
Booth, Hubert, 
Bosch, Adam, 
Bowers, Philip J., 
Boyden, Seth, 
Brandenburg, G. F., 
Bray, Joseph B., 



PAGE. 

- 166 
166 

- 201 
262 

- 262 

56 

- 263 
117 

- 109 

92 

- 160 



92 
159 

«5 
185 
191 
109 

'35 
240 

9' 

237 
169 
221 
240 
80 
260 

183 
206 
260 

'55 

252 

39 

89 

128 



Breckenridge, Wm. A. 
Brierley, Joshua, 
Brown, Charles J . 
Brown, Horace H., 
Brown, R W., - 
Brown, Win. H., 
Buchlein, H., 
Burgesser, Charles H.. 
Burke, T. E., - 
Burkhardt, A. H., 



Chapman, C. Durand, 
Cliristensen, Rev. David H 
■ Clark, A. Judson, 
Clark, C , - 
Clark, Dr. J. H., 
Clark, Joseph, 
Clark, Joseph P., 
Cody. Rev. P., 
Coleman. Henry, 
Condit, Fihnore, 
Connolly, Thomas H., - 
Corbett. Capt. Michael. 
Cort, Thomas, 
Coursen, C. C, - 
Coursen, R. R., 
Crane, Elvin W . 
Crane, Walter T.. - 
Cummings, James, 
Cunnnings, John, - 
Currier, Cyrus, - 
Cressey, Thomas, 



D 



Daly, Capt. Wm. P., 
D'Aquila. Rev. E., 



'AGE. 




PACK. 


80 


De Jong, Solomon, 


125 


239 


De Jong, Maurice, 


- 250 


204 


Demarest, Daniel, 


189 


160 


Demarest. N. J.. - 


- 189 


1 I I 


Depue, ludge D. A.. - 


121 


"55 


Devoursnev, Marcus L . 


- 160 


222 


Dey, F. A ', 


142 


207 


Dill, Dr. D. M.. - 


- 129 


169 


Disbrow, Dr. Wm. .S., 


151 


213 


Di.xon, Edward. - . - 


- 233 




Doane, Monsignor Geo. IL. 


64 




Dodd, Rev. Chas. Hastings, - 


- 52 


220 


Docring, Rev. G.. 


58 


56 


Dougherty, Henry J., 


- 83 


152 


Dowling, James 1'., 


237 


95 


Drake, Oliver, - . . 


- 174 


152 


Duncan, Chas. li.. 


126 


77 


E 




127 

63 
106 


Eberhardt. Chas, F., 


- 254 


Edwards. F. C, 


253 


Eisele, John C, - 


- 203 


129 


Ely, John H.. - 


264 


205 


Ely, Wilson C , - 


- 264 


149 


Engelberger, Fred, 


191 


141 


English, Dr. Thomas Dunn, - 


- '53 


123 


Erb, G. L., - . - 


- 236 


130 

1 22 


Eschenfelder, Andrew, - 


- 215 


III 


K 




256 


Faitoute, J. B.. - 


229 


256 


Felder, Louis A., - - - 


- 204 


181 


Finger, Julius B., 


'39 


232 


Finger, J. B., - - - 


- 152 




Finter, Fred., - - - 


186 




Finter Frederick, - - - 


- 196 


149 


Finter, Fredrick, 


186 


62 


Finter, Robert, . - - 


- 186 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. /., ILLUSTRATED. 



Finler. William F.. 
Fischer. Olto C. - 
Fi>h. William M.. 
Flammann, Kev. A., 
Fleminfj. Col. |. W., - 
Fleiniiig. Kev. Father. - 
Fort. Frederick W.. 
French. Rev. J. Clement. I 
Furman. Jas. A., 
Freuilenthal. Leopold. - 

O 

Gay. William A.. 
Gahr. Jacob, - . - 
(.".ervais. Rev J. M., - 
Gibson. John S.. 
Gless. A. J.. 
Godber. William. - 
Gore. J. K.. 
Grav, Thumas J.. - 
Gray. Walter H.. 
Greathead. William E.. - 
Gregory. John. - 
Grimme, George. - 

H 

Hainer. Rev. Wm. H.. 
Haley. George W.. 
Halsey. Geo. A., 
Hamilton. William F.. - 
Hamlin. James \'.. 
Manley. John J . - 
Hanson. Frank H., A. M.. 
Harrigan. William. 
Harburger. Joseph, 
Hassinger. I'cter, - 
Hattcl. (."■usiave L.. - 
Haussling. Jacob. - 
Hawkins. William W.. 
Haynes. Joseph K.. 
Hayncs. (jeo. D.. 
Hays. James L.. 
Mealy. George, - 
Hcilman, C. W., 
Heller. Carl. 
Heller. Frederick, 
Heller. Klias G., - 
Heller. I'aul E . 
Hermon. (ieorge. - 
Herold. Dr. H. C II. 
Hinckley, Livingston S 
Hinde, Arthur. 
Hine. Edwin W., - 
Hooper. George l>.. 
Hooper. Irvin G.. - 
Hoblns. I), v.. - 
Hixigkinsiin. James. 
Hog.in. I'.itrick, 
Holbn.ok. Albert NL 
Holmi's, J , 
Hopper. Chief llenr\ 
Hopper. Capt. li. W'. 
Ilurlon E. E.. 
Hum. John ().. - 
Hovev. I>rof. E. O.. 



). U, 



123-207 



.\1. 1), 



w 



I 



lllingwcirlh, John, 

J 

Jacobs. Walter C, 
Jariibi. Wm.. 
"JiilinstDn. Janus. - 

K 

Kaas. Adam. 

K.ilisch. Abnrr. 

Kill" Lyman E.. 

I Rev. Richard, 

I in J., 

K<- 111, . \\ .J.. 

Kiarsing John G.. 

Kcarsing William H,. 

Kemp. I.)r. A. Frit/, - 

K' I ',.■(). W., 

I liief Robert. 

K...,., iniel. 



I'AGE. 

196 

■ 236 

1 12 

7S 



201 

"7 
23' 
63 
•38 
208 

'57 

94 

209 

252 
130 

242 
9" 

70 

•99 
I S3 
126 

'57 
123 
82 
140 
242 
218 
254 
'25 
126 
132 
132 

"7 
260 
-236 
too 
181 

225 
226 
142 

'5' 
124 

224 
125 
251 

25' 

228 

'55 
•83 
171 
263 

147 

261 

90 

2'3 

109 

'59 

'7> 
214 
'53 

219 

'27 
146 

56 
226 

'25 
246 
246 

99 
126 
160 

203 



Klemm. Henry C, 
Koehler. August. - 
Kronenberger. J. J.. - 

L 

Lebkuecher. Julius .A.. 
Lehlbach, Herman. 
Leonard, J. J., 
Leucht, Rev. Joseph. - 
Lewis, A. N., 
Lister, Alfred, 
Logel, William. 
Logel, Joseph, - 
Lupton. Patrick, 
Lusk. Rev. IJavis W., 
Luther, Rev. Dr., 

M 

Marlatt, James. 
Mar.\, Franklin. 
Ma\er. M.. 

M'Chesney. William (".. 
Meilcraft. John, 
Menk. C. W., 
Menzel. Hugo, - 
Merz, Henry, 
Miller, Heiirv T., 
Miller, Philip, 
Morris, Rev. J. N.. - 
Morris. William W.. 
Morrison, William, 
Mullm, J. J.. 
Mulvev. .M. M., A. M . 
Munn,' F. W., 
Murray, C. C, - 
Myers, Charles M.. 
McManus, Rev. .M. A.. 
McManus, Capt. .Andre 
McCabe, Owen, 
McCarthy, James .A.. 
McDonald, Edward !■'.. 

N 

Nagel, Ernest, - 
Nagel, Camile P., - 
Nathan, D. I?.. - 
Niebuhr. Rev F.. - 
Nieder, John, 



O'Connor, ^L J 
Ohl, A., - 
( )sborne, 1 



O 



•. Louis Shi 

Parker, R. Wayne. - 
Parsons, W. H.. 
Pell. Charles H.. 
Perry. 'Iheodore, - 
Peter, Alfred, 
Poortman, Adolph, 
Poels, Rev. J. P., 
Price, Louis M., 
Puder, M. 15., - 
Putschcr, August. - 
Prieth. Benedict, 

Q 

Qualllander. Kev. Paul, 
Muinn, M. F., 
(juinn, P. T., 

R 

Rahm, Eugene, 
Kead. Dr. J. W., 
Reilly, John, - 
Richmond. John 1!.. - 
Rippel. Albert A.. 
Ripley. Chas. O.. 
Ripley, David, 
Ripley, Wm. A., 
Rittenhouse, Stacv !$.. 
Roden. H. P., M.I). 
Rodrigo. John A.. - 
Rommell. Henrv C. - 
Russell, C. M., ■ - 
Runyon, Cen'l Theo. 

S 

Sansom, Charles E., 



219 
1 68 



'23 
122 

91 
70 

1 1 1 
185 
223 
249 
124 

56 
48 

'27 
'53 
181 
152 

I 28 

93 
'59 
128 
127 
224 

48 
'43 
259 

9' 
104 

235 
238 

1 12 

65 
'49 
253 
140 

■34 

206 

207 

90 

52 

231 

171 

22S 

58 

'33 
100 

'74 
260 
230 
242 

64 
'55 

95 
'73 
'63 

48 

88 

136 

99 
1 12 

'97 
128 

233 
255 
183 

255 
214 
93 
243 
'59 
188 

'34 



Saupe. G., ... 

Savery, Rev. George. 
Scarlett, .August. 
Scheller, John C. - 
Schenk, Rev. Carl. 
Schick, John. ... 
Schick, Albert, 
Schickhaus. F'dward, - 
Schill, Ludwig, ... 
Schill, Otto K., 
Schmidt, Gustave, 
Schmidt, Ferdinand A.. 
Schmidt. Henry A.. 
Schoenig, William K . 
Scholt, Henry P.. 
Schuetz, Charles J., 
Schuelz. A.. ... 

Schwarz Carl, - . - 
Schwarz, H. E., - 
Seebeck, John. - . . 
Seebeck. William. 
Sexton. E. K., - 
Seymour, James M.. 
Shepartl, Edwin, 
Slaight, C. H.. - - - 
Slaight. Henry L.. 
Sloan. Joseph E.. - 
Smith, James, Jr., 
Smith, James R., - . . 
Smith. J. Kennie. 
Spielmann, Emile W.. 
Staptf, Julius, ... 
Steiger, Fred J., - 
Steines, Anton. ... 
Strack. Frank P.. - 
Strempcl. Ernest C - 
Sulphen, Joseph. ... 

'1' 

Temme, Ernest. 

Temme, Fred. C - 

Ten Eyck, H. Gallowa\. 

Terwilliger, J. L., 

Toler, John, ... 

Thorn, John 15., 

Trimmer, Samuel. 

U 

Ubhaus, Capt. J. H.. 
UfTert, Edward H.. - 
Ulrick, Peter, 
Ure, William A., 
Urick, William P. B., - 

V 

Vail, Dr. M. H. C. - 
Van Houten. William F.. 
Virtue, Lincoln .A.. 
Voget, .Arnold, 
Voight, Herman, 

W 

Wadsworlh, Frank, 

Walsh, Robert, 

Walter. Charles. - 

Ward. Elias S . - 

Wendell. Louis J.. - 

Weston, Edward. 

While. Frank A.. - 

Wigger, Rt. Rev. M. W .. I) 1) , 

Wilhclm. George, 

Wilson. Albert B.. - 

Wilson, Geoige H„ 

Winner. W. W.. 

Wiseman Rev. W. J., S. T. L.. 

Wisijohn. Frank, 

Witzel, H. P., 

Woodruff, E. B.. 

Woolman. H. M., M. D.. 

Wolber, Charles. 

Wolf, Rev. Julius H . - 

Wrightson. J. T., 

Z 

Zeh, Dr. C. M., 

Zusi. Fvdward, ... 



PAGE. 

88 

- 5S 
109 

- 21 1 

48 
200 

- 200 
158 

- 265 

■ 254 
198 

- 198 

223 

- I II 
262 

- 257 
'53 

- 249 
257 

- 257 

87 

- 137 

86 

- 221 
'99 

- '57 
'33 

- 146 

259 

- 2'5 
176 

- 250 
243 

- 21; 
248 

- '41 



167 
167 
232 
89 
181 
158 
248 



'49 
'47 
'43 
'35 
84 



242 

230 

87 

'57 



254 
261 

■38 

'75 
262 

64 
122 

79 
139 
104 

65 
206 

'94 
239 

94 
173 

52 
122 



'5' 
100 



History of Essex County. N. J. 




.ANDING OF THE EARLY SETTLERS AT NEWARK, ESSEX COUNTY. 
N. J., MAY, 1666. 







t 



SSEX County, an 
integral part of 
New Jersey, a 
State which 
was one of the 
Oi iginal Thirteen colonies, 
and at this present 1896, a 
member of the grandest 

- confederacy of free and 

independent States tliat ever existed since the Great Architect 
tossed out from his fingers this earth of ours, fixed its orbit and 
sent it spinning round the great central sun, marked its bounds 
amid the rolling oceans, bidding' the tides come and go, and 
that part quite insignificant when extent of territory is considered 
but mightily increased in magnitude when population and wealth 
are thought of. Sometimes she has been, and not always 
inappropriately either, when the grandeur of the two above- 
named reasons are combined with her marvellous manufacturing 
interests, called the " State of Essex." Indeed, this was always 
so. In her early life Essex County could boast a territory 
surpassing some of our quite pretentious States, but with 
much of this she parted when the counties of Union and Bergen 
were erected out of her territory. 

" God tempereth the wind to the shorn lamb " is an old adage 
and. in its application to Essex County, a truthful one, since her 
growth in the directions of population and wealth have been 
truly wonderful, presenting evidences on every hand of the 
vouchsafement by the Almighty in the bestowal of his richest 
blessings in such rare profusion. 

To be sure, her natural advantages may have had much to 
do with her prosperity and greatness, being situated at the wide 
open door of the Western World's greatest commercial metropo- 



lis, and immediately upon the line of direct railroad communi- 
cation with Philadelphia, the second commercial city on the 
western continent, and within a few hours of the rich coal fields 
and oil regions of Pennsylvania and Ohio, and the iron and zinc 
mines of New Jersey. The beautiful Passaic River which laves 
its eastern boundan,', giving a water-way to the ocean, whence 
the raw materials are brought to the docks in Newark and the 
manufactured products, made famous the world over by the rare 
skill of the mechanics, artists and workmen of Newark, Orange, 
etc., are sent forth on the white wings of commerce to the busy 
markets in almost every clime and wherever flies the starry flag. 
The pure mountain water coming down by its channel, meeting 
and marrying the salt sea flood, after making the wild leap at 
the falls in Paterson, and riding from thence on the ebbing 
tide's chariot away on to the sea. 

Then it is protected from the cold blasts, which come careen- 
ing down in winter from the north and the west by the pictur- 
esque Orange Mountains so beautifully stretching along its 
western border. Is it any wonder that the salubrity of its 
climate with is balmy sea air, dew-moistened by Old Ocean's 
inexhaustable supply resulting from the sun-influenced evapora- 
tions, should induce the soil so lavishly fed by nature and resting 
on its rare brown stone foundations to yield so marvellously in 
garden productions as to have encomiums showered by tongues 
of other and distant nations. 

Although the " scouts " sent out by the sturdy New England 
farmers did not bring back wine trophies to vie with their 
Israelitish exemplars, but merely reported that their Eden was 
on the west bank of the Passayic so called by the Indians. 

Several desultory efforts and as many failures succeeding to 
effect a permanent settlement of the beautiful and attractive 
region, on the soil of which the flag of old England had been 



10 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



planted by the daring Dutch navigator, Ilcndrick Hudson, but 
none were markedly successful until the little band of Connecti- 
cut farmers pushed their Shallops and flat lioats up to the land- 
ing and rested on their oars very near where the great Penn- 
sylvania Railroad draw-bridges stand erected, and at command 
to halt, h.ad their " big talk " with the Indians. 

As anything connectetl with its histor)' is not foreign to our 
purpose, it is safe to say that few events in the opening p.igcs 
of American histor\- were fraught with a greater interest or 
have led to mightier, more delinitc and lasting results — with 
the single exception, perhaps, of the landing of the Pilgrims at 
Plymouth Rock — than the voyage of Hendrick Hudson along 
the coast of New Jersey, through the Acliter Cull or " Back 
Bay," now called Newark Bay, on the shores of which and on 
the soil of Essex County, he planted the Hag of discovery as 
the herald of civilization. 

The beauty of the region lying but a few miles westerly on 



turned out that the sweet-scented cedars of yore, so abundant 
between Newark and New York, have long years ago nearly 
all disappeared and are seldom seen any more. 



FIRST SETTLEHENT. 

As has been before hinted, efforts at settlement of the beau- 
tiful and promising region had been made, but 'twas not 
until Robert Treat and his hardy band of honest farmers 
came, bringing with them more honor and less greed for gold, 
nothing like permanency resulted. To establish homes and to 
seek an asylum where true liberty might reign and where under 
its protecting aegis they could worship God after the dictates of 
their own conscience, these farmers came. Religious liberty w.is 
what they sought, and this they gained, for if the record speaks 
the truth, and in our research we find no reason for its gain- 




•THE FIRST SUKVEVING STATION ESTAHLISHED AT EACLK ROCK, ESSEX COUNTY, N. }.. 1666. 



tlie left bank of the Pasayic, as it was then called, and which 
opcnc<l up to ever)' new visitor such an entrancing vista of land- 
scape beauty after passing the sweet-scented cedars which 
nestled in the marsh and salt grass of the meadows. But that 
was in the long, long ago, and before Young America (ever 
piscatorially inclined) h.ad loppeil the lithe young scions from 
the parent tree in order to gain a supply of the rod so essential 
to complete the outfit for the artist in the fish enticing line, a 
business, then as well as now playing so important a part in the 
work of supplying the constant demand for that delicious part 
of man's appetite satiators known as food fishes. Nay, more, 
the gardeners had a fondness for using the young tamarisks to 
assist the new worlds skillfully climbing Limas. So it has 



saying, never did men worship with more freedom, mci 
honesty or more unselfishly. 

Although armed with a land grant and broad invitation of 
Ciov. Carteret, when they had but just kissed the soil and h.v' 
sought God's blessing on their El Dorado, another and moi 
exacting owner, in language quite strange, bade them refrain 
from their purpose to dig and to delve, but, sai<l the Indian, for 
'twas none other than the red man, " If you are ready to buy, I 
am ready to sell." It didn't take these honest farmers very 
long to decide the raised question and express a readiness to buy. 

Robert Treat and his companions being men of business and 
large experience, were not long in making the bargain for a 
" title clear" to the possessions of their choice, and when the, 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



11 



had doled out in the strictest sense of honor, the purchasing 
price, consisting of what in our days would be considered 
modest and unextravagant. Part of the price paid was barter, 
as all the cash that passed consisted of but eight hundred and 
fifty fathoms of wampum (Indian money), or bits of shell on a 
string; and just here we may say, although the transaction took 
place in the month of May, when the early spring (lowers were 
in bloom, we may infer from the character of some of the 
goods sought, that the Indian let his memory dwell on the 
cold blasts from the seaward, which swept across the semi- 
moorland from the ocean, and the chill winds that swooped 
down from the mountains to the northward in the months of 
the winter. 

That there might be no misunderstanding as to the limits 
and bounds of the lands they had bought, the first surveying 
party of Essex County was organized and immediately set 
about its work. These hardy pioneers built better than [they 



spot where the chief man stood and made proclamations, " \Va- 
way-an-da," or away over yonder, a sweep of his long, bony 
arm and lithe index finger including the territory from the sea. 
the bay, brook and river, they serving in place of the latter-day 
magnetic needle of the theodilite used in surveying, all being 
noted down on a bit of prepared sheep-skin or vellum, and a 
rough map made by the white scribe accompanying the parly 
for the purpose. On this was shown, to the satisfaction of the 
chieftain and the captain, the metes and bounds. For several 
days after, the distances were measured, the trees and rocks 
blazed by the axe-man who followed after, the fleet-footed 
Indian, long-headed and wily pointing out the places. 

GEOGRAPHY AND TOPOGRAPHY. 

ESSEX County was one of the original sections of the State 
of New Jersey, and was erected into a county in 1675, 
but it was not until the 21st of January, 1709, that its bound- 




VIEW OF NEWARK, ESSE.X COUNTY, N. J., E.\ST OF ISRO.AD STREET, I790. 



knew, for little thought they when racing and chasing with the 
fleet-footed savage, along the river bank, across the hills and 
up the mountain rugged side to the top of the ever beautiful 
Orange Mountains, to the point now known as Eagle Rock,'^ 
that here they halted and established the first surveying station, 
and that the vast arena over which the eye could then sweep, 
would, in less than three centuries, be inhabited by nearly a 
half million of people and become one of the garden spots of 
the world, might be properly surveyed. 

Here they lunched on the rare native fruits and choice bits of 
dried meats from the loins of the fleet-footed deer or the old 
mountain bear, and washed it down with a " drop of the creat- 
ure " to brighten the mind and waking the conceptions that 
their bargaining was fair, and the selling and buying was done 
on the square. Be it known just here, and in sorrow be it said, 
the yearning of the Indian was for " fire-water," nearly all 
his transactions beginning and ending in liquor. - 

The luncheon being finished, the party stepped to the pin- 
nacle of the rock, a blaze of the tree with the axe marking the 



aries were definitely fixed by an act of the legislature. Its area 
was then much greater than at the present time. It comprised 
the territory then designated on the maps as Elizabethtown and 
Newark, and was covered by the Counties of Middlesex (or a 
part of it). Union and Morris, as well as the territory within its 
bounds of to-day, which is abutted and bounded as follows, 
viz : on the north-east by the County of Passsic, along its east- 
ern border range, the territory of liergen and Hudson counties 
and Newark bay, the Achter Cull of the great navigator and 
and discoverer. Hendrick Hudson ; on the south-west by Union 
county, and along its north-west, the fair fields, which were once 
her own territor>s but now the County of Morris. 

Her topography is delightful, unique and truly inspiring to 
any one who may look upon the diversity of its character, with 
the two beautiful mountain ranges stretching like ribbons along 
its westerly border, and known under the appellation of the 
Orange Mountains, first and second, with other names of local 
significance, all of which, w^ith hundreds of nooks and crannys, 
with purling streams and sylvan dells, her invitations for men 



12 



FS^EX cnrsrv. s.j.. iLLrsTRArr-D. 



to come and domicile therein, have been so remarkably attract- 
ive that thousands have already yielded and are now rejoic- 
ing in beautiful and comfortable mountain homes amid her 
entrancing beauty and mountain lovliness. Indeed, the entire 
surface of Kssex County it gently undulating; the foot hills of 
the mountains treniling toward old ocean in gentle declivity, 
giving to every inch of her soil a value for building and resi- 
dental jjurposes, since nature has provided a drainage so perfect 
that malaria is rarely, if ever, heard of. 

Nothing is hazarded in the assertion, and then there is no 
fear of contradiction when the writer |)uts forsvard the claim 
that Essex County is so near perfection in her topographic plan 
.IS she came from the land of nature, that little is required of 
man's genius in its formulation for his dwelling-place and that 
.ill of her lines appear on the paradisical plan. 

I'hc Passaic river, skirling her westerly border and forming 
the i)oundary between her and her sister County of Morris, 
then dips into Passaic County and makes a swift run, but, when 
she tinds what a mistake she has made down the rocky way at 
Little I'alls, she then makes the mad plunge at Passaic Falls, 
in order to get back again and then, seemingly pleased and well 
satislled, leisurely rides on her flood of mountain spring water 
along its eastern border until it is llnally lost in the old salt sea, 
by a promiscuous mingling with her crystal waters. 

The east and west branches of the Rahway river (both rising 
in Esse.v) course along through the rich valleys between and at 
the foot of the mountains, which are built up so strongly from 
the durable street building trap-rock forming their bases. The 
Elizabeth river near the centre of her territory, and a little 
farther to the north, Parrow brook and the I'irst and Second 
rivers tender their compliments, especially in the fall, winter and 
spring. We might be charged with dereliction of duty did wc 
not state the fact that there is another, euphoniously termed 
the Wig%vam Brook, which has its heading from a spring in the 
mountain and joining hands with Parrow Brook becomes the 
Second River, which debouches into the Passaic near the south- 
easterly part of the charming village of Pielleville. 

Although not a part of its topography by nature, yet it is a 
fairiiliar old way known as the Morris Canal, through the waters 
of which, in years gone by, our coal was received direct from 
the mines, generally a full winter's supply. Again, we might 
mention the fact now, and enlarge by and by, that six great steam 
railroads and .n^ nianv more elrrtrir trnllev raihv.uT .which. 







it) 



■•:^- 



i 








.MLEKF.K IIO.\|lv.sri.,\U, HIE OLUEST I,.\Mj.MAKK I.\ I:s:,1-,X 



VIEW OF NEW.VRK, E.VST OF MULBERRY SIREET, IN l8l2. 

spectre-likc, tht their cars here, there and everywhere o\' i 
the Essex domain. 

As the greater part of the territory going to make up lli' 
county of Bergen was included in the grants, of which Essr\ 
was the coveted part, a few words as to the settlement .■: 
Bergen, which preceded that of the Connecticut farmers by 
few years, will not be out of place. 

Nearly all writers on the subject of the early settlements (I 
the county make mention of troubles with the Indians, "dill - 
culties and complications often leading to collisions," says ( 
local writer, which was followed in not a few instances by i 
complete wiping out of the settlement. 

.\s EiiLilish or German speculators, who were in pursuit of 
gold through the open channel of trade with 
the red men and could control influence 
enough to reach the king, would bring ovi i 
a little band under the wildest sort of prom 
ises and then leave them in the wilderno 
to perish at the hands of the savages. On 
the return of the speculators with another 
set of dupes a year or two afterwards, no 
vestige of the former settlement would be 
foiuid, if settlement, indeed, it could be 
called. 

For years these barbarous proceedings 
were carried on until, as before mentioned, 
men came to seek homes in the New World, 
subdue wildwood and till the soil, men 
whose hearts were liberty-loving and who, 
while they loved the precious inetals, they 
bartered when necessity demanded or busi- 
ness transactions made a specific call. His- 
torians, so far as we are able to trace, give 
the first place in the order of early settle- 
ments to Bergen, but whether the honor of 
(.uu.\n, N. J. learning the art of fraternizing with the 



ESSEX COUNTY. A'./., ILLUSTRATED. 



A-? 




VIEW OF NEWARK, ESSEX COUNTY, N.J. , IN 1840. 



Indians belongs to the Dutch or Dane (so that the settlers 
might live in peace side by side with their red neighbors), 
writers are not agreed. But one thing is certain, that an 
insignificant trading pest established about 1616 which, being 
managed with a business-like astuteness, grew in importance 
until, aliout the tenth year following, the station planted 
on the hill where 'Bergen now stands became a permanent 
settlement. 

THE IROQUOIS AND DELAWARES. 

THE long-existing feuds between the Indian tribes, the 
efforts to subdue one and the other led to no little suffer- 
ing of the settlers. At the period of our Connecticut farmers' 
coming there were, all told, in the region about twenty kings, 
but from this we have no right to infer that their numbers were 
large, since the record gives an account of a king who had hut 
forty subjects, and of another pair of kings who held authority 
over twelve hundred between them. "The Indians," says Dr. 
Yeshlage, " in this part of the general stock of the Delawares 
or Lenni Lenapes, who were fierce and war-like," and relates 
as an evidence that they swooped down on the more peacefully 
inclined, and that arrow-heads and many other articles of flint 
have been found e\-en in the past few years. The Delawares, 
he states, were eminent for valor and wisdom and held a 
prominent place in Indian history, but on the rise of the Iroquois 
power they lost their independence and fell under the suspicion 
because many of them applied themselves to agriculture. A 
tribute was exacted from them every year in order to show an 
acknowledgement of subordination. 

The Iroquois gloried in the haughty manners in which they 
showed their superiority, and never spoke of the Delawares 
only as " women." The shrewdness of the Iroquois was fully 
developed when they kept a small band of their warriors in 
several parts of the conquered territory. 



Wliile Hendrick Hudson usually acted the honorable pari, 
yet when he sold the Iroquois powder and lead, when the Del- 
awares were getting the best of the fight, and thus turned the 
scale against them, he fell from the exalted position of the pure 
and good. 

THE ACREAGE OF ESSEX. 

ALL told and so tersely and truthfully said by Professor 
George II. Cook, the late scholarly State Geologist, 
reaches a total of 77,021, and having a distribution among the 
towns, as follows : Belleville, 5,062 ; Bloomfield, 8,070 ; Cald- 
well. 17,920, of which 2,617 is low meadow lands enriched by the 
ovcrfiow of the river, produce immense quantities of fair grass, 
wliich finds a market in the cities of Orange and Newark; 
Clinton, 5,229; East Orange, 2,394; Livingston, 11,354. 333 "f 
which is also low meadow land, and as does that of Caldwell, 
borders the Passaic river, which forms their westeriy boundary, 
as well as that of the County of which they are a part; Mill- 
burn, 6,234; Newark, 9,126, with a few acres additional taken 
from East Orange ; of Newark's average, about 4,282 are tide 
marsh lands; Orange, about 1,800; South Orange, 6,118; 
West Orange, 3,725 ; Verona, a new township erected from the 
easteriy edge of Caldwell, and containing about 4,000 acres, 
more or less. These above-named townships (thirteen in num- 
ber), with the cities of Newark and Orange, the boroughs of 
Vailsburg, Glen Ridge and Caldwell, the villages of South 
Orange, Montclair, Irvington and Bloomfield, constitute the 
political divisions of Essex County. 

GEOGRAPHY AND TOPOGRAPHY. 

NO county in the State of New Jersey, and few indeed, in 
any of our sister states, is more happily situated and 
derives a greater benefit, industrially and commercially speak- 
ing, from her geographical position. A glance at the map ought 




^ ^^>i 



VIEWS OF NE\V.-\RK, N. J., IX 



14 



n^si-x corxrv. n. j.. illvstkathd. 



to salisfy llie most skeptical that Esst-x Counly is pLCuliarly 
fortunate in this respect, she being by nature a focal point. 
The high position which she now liolcls. tlie grandeur of her 
surroundings, the many lines of coiui-aunication with the out- 
side world, the concentration of traffic to her trade marts, and 
withal, the six great railroads, the river and canal which pour 
almost unbroken streams of wealth and lu.xury into her lap, 
without considering the miglity concentration of manufacturing 
interests, are all in the w.ay of irrefutable evidences that her 
•• lines have been cast in pleasant places," and that she is pecul- 
iarly fortunate in her geography and geographical relations. 

lissex County, in her wonderful growth and prosperity, is 
only another offer in support of the truthfulness of the asser- 
tion that location lias much, if not all, to do in the upbuilding 
iif places. 

Nothing else but the most devastating influences brought to 
bear against her. could have i)revented New York from becom- 



tages which the Passaic afforded in the beginning, made it an 
easy matter for Newark to outstrip Elizabeth, although the 
latter had some years the better of settlement. Then the Morris 
Canal came creeping over the hills and mountains, depositing 
the wealth of New Jersey and Pennsylvania mines at her doors. 
Her topography, then, is such that no lover of the beautiful in 
nature can resist its charms. No stranger can cross the bor- 
ders of Essex, climb her gentle declivities and sit down on the 
table lands of the Orange mountains, without being captivated 
by her charms. Like one grand picture which has been un- 
folded before him, lies the landscape w hich wordy expressions 
fail him when description is attempted. That view which is 
obtained of Essex County and its environments from any of 
the higher points of the Orange mountains, while changed by 
its beautiful topography and immediate relations, makes a 
])iclure which would produce a lasting sadness in its effacing, 
so deep are the lines made in its tracing. 




^-^^f:;. 



."il " 




VIEW ON imO.M) .STREET, I.OOKINC, NOUTH FROM MARKEl' STREET, IN 1840. 



ing and being the marvelous commercial emporiinii she is, and 
even so, with Philadelphia, lloston and many other places which 
jre fed and grow fal on the luxuries which are prepared at the 
fountain heads and all along the streams which naturally flow 
toward them. Man's keen eye engaged in the work of .search- 
ing out those focal points to which flow, and around which 
gather the elrnicnts of growth and prosperity do not often mis- 
take when they follow the geographical and topographical lines 
laid down by the C'.rcat Author. With Essex County men and 
wouHMi, priigrcss h.as been the word, and from the lime Newark 
to\' ' out, no ol)St,iclcs have been allowed to 

4.1! . ., of the car. 

It is easy to answer the (piestion, "Why has not I'.li/abeth, 
in Union Counly, become the great local centre that Newark 
now is.'" llecausc she lacked those essential accessions which 
gather around Ihc point when found, the commercial advan- 



ESSEX COUNTY QUARRIES. 

(UROWN STONE.) 

THE color and lasting quality of the stone taken from tin 
Essex County Quarries has no equal, and although tin 
expense of getting it out of the ground militates somewhat 
against its general use, yet much of it already adorns the walls 
of many of our inost attractive buildings and building placid 
This is only a single proof that the first settlers of Essex buiU 
better than they knew, it being years afterwards before tin- 
wealth hidden imder the soil in her brown stone, which requiiel 
but the pick and shovel, the drill and the derrick, with iIm 
genius to manage the work of (|uarrying and the energy in 
work out the success which has crowned the efforts to bring il 
forth to the light of d.ay where its beauty "may be seen ami 
its high qualities for building purposes appreciated. In looking 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



15 



over the history of the brown stone interests of Essex County 
it has been found that quarries have been opened as early as 
700, and stone tal<en therefrom to construct the substantial old 
farm houses, mills, etc., which remain to this day, showing 
evidences that give warrant of qualities good for another 
century. Long before marble came into vogue here as a mater- 
i.il from whicli to make grave-stones, tablets and monuments, 
brown stone was used. 

Quarries for getting out these stones were worked in several 
townships, beginning at Newark and extending as far north as 
Franklin and including Belleville, Bloomfield and Orange. 
The Belleville quarries, which are located on the west bank of 
the Passaic river, now the town of Franklin, are about one- 
quarter of a mile from the Avondale station, on the Newark and 
Paterson railroad. The first opening was made in or near this 
place for the purpose of procuring stone for building, more 
than a century and a half ago. Since 1S57 they have been vig- 



almost breathless with excitement over the discovery of the 
remarkable geological fact that somewhere away back in the 
past ages, there iiad been a slip, the west side appearing to 
have slipped down, as the corresponding beds on either side 
would indicate. It will be remembered that when the earth 
trembled and shook so extensively all along the Atlantic coast 
several years ago, nearly destroying Charleston and doing great 
injury all along the sea, that many of our scientific men attrib- 
uted the trouble to a general slipping of one rock form- 
ation over another, with its " dip " toward the sea, caused by a 
sort of general commotion among the forces within the earth. 
But as we have no business in this field of exploration, where 
every fact estal)lished must he worked from the processes car- 
ried on in the great laboratory of nature, we leave scientific 
reasoning out of the why and the wherefore of this, or that, 
where it belongs, or, in short, in the hands of men belter able 
and more willing to cope with it. 




VIEW ON BROAD STREET, LOOKING SOUTH FROM MARKET STREET IN 1 840. 



orously worked. The production has been greatly increased 
since that time. From three to five hundred men are employed 
steadily in quarrying the blocks and in dressing the stones in 
yards nearby. Cook's Geological report for 1 88 1 (and probably 
the last ever made by that eminent scholar) says : " The work- 
ings move in a generally westw-ard direction, extending from 
within a few rods of the river road iiito the gently rising ridge. 
All of them descend below the tide level of the river. The 
overlying earth is glacial drift, containing much red sand-stone 
and in places, imbeded sands and gravel." One fact has been 
made patent to every quarryman, viz.: That the deeper he goes 
the better the stone, the quality improving with the increasing 
depth of earth and consequent increase of pressure to which 
the stone is subjected. He also says that what is termed the 
" dip " of the strata is toward the northwest and at an angle 
of from 10 to II degrees. The Professor is said to have been 



A fact which grows}sterner as the workings of these (piarries, 
where the stores of wealth lie packed away in such enormous 
quantities as to be, and remain for even thousands of years 
incalculable, and as the depth from whence they come increases 
the more Herculian-like. becomes the work of the elevation of 
the great blocks from their beds to the surface without the least 
assistance from gravity, all the workings moving with the " dip." 

In moving the stone, mighty derricks are used to first lift the 
blocks. These are run by steam and consequently must be 
sound in every part. .\ weakness in any plate, or flaw any- 
where pointing to danger and disaster, as certain as the mag- 
netic needle to the pole. The latest United States schedule 
placed the value of the stone quarried in a single year from one. 
quarry, at a quarter of a million, placing the selling price of 
the light grey stone at one dollar per cubic foot, and the fine 
grained reddish colored sand-stone, suitable for rubbing, was 



16 



ESSEX CnrXTY, X. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



fixed at one dollar and fifty cents per culjic foot. The Mills 
building, lately constructed at the corner of I5road street and 
Kxchanj-c pl.ice, New York city, consumed almost the entire 
output of the IJelleville qu.irries during iSSo and 1881. 

What is known as the Joyce quarry, having taken to the hill 
more than the others, has now a depth of about 100 feet. The 
Robinson and I'hilips, which have a united opening of 500 square 
feel, averages only about 50 feel in depth. Newark is repre- 
sented by four great openings, from which excellent stone is 
being tpiarried, giving a handsome return to those who have 
made investments. It is remarkable, and to the investor, no 
doubt, a ple.isant fact, ih.at these quarries when worked out of 
paying stone have not been troubled with the dip to such an 
extent as to interfere with their availability for building sites. 

The supply of cheap brown stone for foundations, etc., has 
been the source of quite an income to quarrymen, they realizing 



TRAP ROCK. 

NE.\T in importance to the brown stone which adorns, beauti- 
fies and enriches the dwelling houses and business plan , 
of the fortunate possessors of the hills and mountains of Essr\ 
County, conies the trap rock, which makes durable and smocjth 
our highways and pathways, the streets and avenues, where tl.' 
carriages of the citizens may roll, bringing comfort to then 
bodies who first seized upon the fact which had long been made 
a manifestation through accident. The accident made itself 
manifest in this wise. Through the outcropping of this peculiar 
kmd of stone in places where highways in course of time were 
opened for the purpose of giving the settlers access to places 
which were springing up in different sections of the county. 
These highways or public roads, when opened, were sometimes 
worked as 'twas said, and sometimes not. Here it was where the 
not came in that these roads or public highways crossed these 




9^^ _ 




VIKW ON M.AKKICT STREET LOOKING WEST FROM BROAD STREET, IN 1840. 



from five to twenty-five cents per cubic foot. Not alone in the 
money v.duc are lhc.se cheap stones to be considered, but they 
have long been found useful and v.iluable to the builder and 
will increase in this direction as the dial of time keeps on 
moving. 

In all probability, the largest blocks of brown stone have been 
r.Mseil from the quarry of F. W. Shrump, which is located 
farther westward than any other in the county. The stone is of 
gr.iyish color and blocks have been taken out measuring 30 feet 
long. 1 1 J feel wide and 10 feet thick. All the he.ivy work of 
this quarry is performed by steam power. The stone is then 
transported vi.i. Morris Canal, two and one-half miles distant, and 
by railroads at Monlcl.iir, (Grange, etc. Duilders use the stone 
from this >nMrrv i hiefiy for church building and trimmings. 
Many v i- structures can be seen in New York, 

Newark, ■ .. etc. 



outcroppings of trap rock and showing no evidence of necessity 
for repairs, but which gave abundant evidence, in the course of 
time, of the great value of this peculiar kind of rock material 
for road making by the wonderful durability anil smoothness of 
wear it was discovered to possess. To this material Ess' 
County is. no doubt, to a great extent indebted for the wii!. . 
smooth and broad avenues of which she boasts to-day. 'I'li 1 
she has a just right to boast, one has only to take a ride or 
drive over these avenues, and conviction will follow with rapid 
strides. 

Then a debt of gratitude is due the men who have been found 
willing to open the quarries, get up the stone crackers, attach 
the steam power and furnish to the road builders stone in all 
the sizes which long experience has proved the most available. 
While the slone men or the men who have delved in the Orange 
Miiuni.iins' rough sides in search of the quality of stone the 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



17 



most desirable for ihe uses and purposes set forth in the order 
I from unknown parties or from wherever it may have emanated. 
Among the quarrymen there has ever been a generous 
rivahy, and the orders for the largest consumers of the broken 
" trap " has led to a business competition which has driven the 
price per ton down with each new call for competitory bidding, 
the fortunate winner often securing the prize on a big quantity 
and fine quality with a margin of only a half dollar or less on 
the ton to secure the contract. Many have travelled far and 
crossed the ocean to reach and enjoy such a sight as the Giant's 
Causeway presents. A similar wonder can be seen any time in 
O'Rourke's trap rock quarry, on the face of the First Orange 
Mountain. 

ESSEX COUNTY ROADS AND AVENUES. 

THE e.xact time when the roads and avenues in the countv of 
Essex were laid out is involved in considerable obscurity, 
but certain it is that the fine wide streets known as Broad and 
Market streets, in the settlement of Newark, were the first roads 
laid out by the early settlers of the county- The first road on 
record that was laid out by the Commissioners of Highways is 
in the Essex County road book, and bears date December 3d. 
169S, and refers to a road in Elizabethtown, which at that period 
formed a part of Essex County. In 1705, a road was laid out 
connecting the towns of Newark and Elizabethtown. High 
Street was laid out as a legal road in 1709, although it had 
been used for a highway previous to that date. In 1717, several 
roads had been laid out on the Newark '• Neck" to enable the 
farmers to get in their salt hay, and the old Ferry road was 
extended to Hudson County, with the old-time rope ferry boats 
to convey passengers and freight across the Passaic and Hacken- 
sack rivers. In 1806, the Newark and Pompton Turnpike 
Company was incorporated. This thoroughfare ran from North 
Broad Street, now Belleville Avenue, in a northwesterly direction 
to Bloomfield, which at that time was in the town of Newark ; 
thence to Craneston, now Montclair, and over the First Mountain, 
through Caldwell to Pompton Plains. This road is now Bloom- 
field Avenue and is under the care of the Essex County Road 
Board, within the countv limits. In iSii, the Newark and 
Monistown turnpike was laid out, extending the old South 





BALDWIN HOMESTEAD, AN OLD NEWARK LANDMARK 



THE OLD PI.ANK ROAD FERRY-HOUSE. 

Orange road which was in existence years before. The princi- 
pal roads and avenues running through the county, connecting 
its cities, towns and villages, are all fine and broad avenues, 
well paved and under the care of the Essex County Road Board. 
This Board had its origin in the far-sighted and public-spirited 
Llewellyn S. Haskell, (he founder of Llewellyn Park, West 
Or.ange. Some years after he had completed that beautiful 
park, Mr. Haskell conceived the idea of making all of Essex 
County one grand park with Newark as a centre. His idea was 
to take the principal thoroughfares leading out from Newark, 
grade and pave them so as to make easy and pleasant drives 
and then connect them by lateral roads. In pursuance of this 
plan, Mr. Haskell procured from tlie legislature of 1S68, a law 
incorporating the Essex County Road Board. The first members 
of the Board were Llewellyn S. Haskell, William H. Murphy 
and Francis McGrath. The law was found to be defective and 
a supplement was jjassed in 1869, increasing the number 
of commissioners to five. The first commissioners so ap- 
pointed were A. Bishop Baldwin, of South Orange, William H. 
Murphy, of Newark, Jesse Williams, of Orange, George Peters, 
of Newark, and Robert M. Henning, of Montclair. Mr. Mur- 
])hy soon resigned, and Mr. Timothy W. 
Lord, of Newark, was appointed in his 
place. To these five citizens is due the 
credit of the magnificent system of county 
roads in charge of the Road Board, which 
form in Essex County a system of drives 
that is unequalled anywhere in the vicinity 
of New York. The avenues in charge of 
the Road Board are, Frelinghuysen ave- 
nue, extending from Astor street, Newark, 
10 Elizabeth ; .Springfield avenue, from the 
Couit House iti Newark, through Irving- 
ton, South Orange and Millburn, to the 
Morris county line; South Orange avenue, 
from Springfield avenue, Newark, through 
Vailsburgh and South Orange, and up to 
the county line; Central avenue, from 
Broad street, Newark, to the Valley road. 
West Orange ; Park avenue, running from 
Bloomfield avenue, Newark, to Llewellyn 
Park, West Orange ; Blooinfield avenue, 
from Belleville avenue, Newark, to the 
county line in Caldwell, and Washington 
avenue, from Belleville avenue, Newark, 
through Belleville and Franklin, to Passaic. 



]S 



ESSEX corxrv. x. j.. illustrated. 



SLAVERY IN ESSEX COUNTY. 

THE f.icl that iie^ro slaver)' was lirsl inlroduced into the 
American colonies in the year 1619 is well authenticated, 
and as will be seen when compared with the records, this 
event so portentious to the weal and the woe of the great 
republic, occurred nearly fifty years before the settlement of 
Essex County. Eggleston's School History, which, no doubt, 
has the correct version, gives the account of it, as follows: 
•• The same year in which the great charter reached Virginia, 
there came a Dutch ship in the James river which sold nineteen 
negroes to the planters. They were the first slaves in Amer- 
ica " In those days it was thought right to make slaves of 
negroes because they were heathen ; but for a long time the 
number of slaves that came into the colonies was small. 
White bond servants did most of the labor in Maryland and 
Virginia until about the close of the seventeenth century, when 
the high price of tobacco ("which had become ilii; staple com- 



few slaves, passed acts of emancipation and set their negroes 
free. Very different was it where the burden of labor fell on 
the shoulders of him who had been purchased for the purpose. 

Out of this situation of affairs grew the slavery question — the 
differences between the free and the slave states, and finally led 
up to the late civil war. At first the slaves did not speak 
English, and they practiced many wild African customs. Some 
of them were fierce and the people became afraid of their 
peculiar manauvres. Great harshness was used in many places 
to subdue them. Eggleston reports one of these in New York 
City, in 1712, when twenty-four negroes were put to death. In 
1740, an uprising of them in South Carolina led to a battle, in 
which the negroes were routed. By a reference to the record it 
will be found that Queen Anne gave encouragement to the 
Royal African Company of England, of which the Dukeof Yoik 
was president, offering as a bounty for each able African sla\c 
introduced, si.xty-five acres of land, as a further inducement 
and to encourage and make their inhumanity more inhuman. 



f ■ II 




VIKW 01- NKWARK FRO.M ST. FRANCIS STRF.ET, IN iS/J. 



niotlily, of which large quantities was raised for exportation) 
cause<l a great many negroes to be brought. About the same 
time the introduction of rice in South Carolina created a great 
demand for slaves. 

It didn't take long for the institution, barbarous though it was, 
to reach all the colonies. Even New Jersey failed in the hour 
of trial, and in the face of large profits to be derived froni slave 
labor, to keep her skirls free. Nor did Essex County offer any 
serious resistance to its introduction, even among her Puritanic 
families, who had grown rich and independent. Even New 
England, over which the breezes from I'lymouth Rock came 
over hill and dale and spread its religious influences broadcast, 
failed to set up any stable barrier against it. For tilling the 
soil. New England, as well as New York. New Jersey and 
Pennsylvania, soon found negro slavery unprofitable, and it was 
early abandoned, except where they could be made use of as 
house servants. After the Revolution, the colonies which had 



by keeping up a full supply of merchantable negroes at (mark tin 
stain) reasonable rates. 

One fact stands out prominently all through the conduct of 
this nefarious business— so long as England profited by tin- 
traffic in African slaves, she held out a liberal encouragement to 
those who had sunk so low in the scale of humanity as to be- 
come slave tradeis. Thus the stain sank deeper, until the pen, 
proving mightier than the sword, broke the galling chains asunder, 
and the proclamation of Abraham Lincoln set the slaves free. 

The wealthy people of Essex County were not slow (even 
though of good old Puritan stock) to give countenance to the 
Weakness for getting cheap labor through the channel of human 
slavery, and while they did not drain it to the very dregs as thev 
did in the tobacco and rice growing colonies, no house of preten- 
sions but had its servants from among those of whom Ur)ant sang: 

Men from EngK-ind bought and sold me, 
P.iid my price in paltry gold. 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



19 



Neither was their broad acres properly tilled without labor 
bought in the markets. When taken as a whole, slavery in New 
Jersey didn't pay, and while New York, Pennsylvania and others 
of the sisterhood early compelled their legislatures to pass acts 
abolishing the practice of purchasing and holding humans in 
bondage. New Jersey satisfied her conscience by acts of gradual 
emancipation. 

In 1790, the census reported 11,423 slaves as held in New 
Jersey, the larger number of these being owned and used as 
house servants in the territory of the " State of Essex." 
Notwithstanding this situation of affairs, there were many 
who dared to raise their voices against the inhuman practice. 

In 1804, public opinion had been so far swayed that an act of 
gradual emancipation was passed. This gave freedom to the 



nearly all of whom are descendants of those who had seen 
service as slaves, mostly in the southern states. 

Many other features of the institution of slavery which would 
be of interest to our readers might be introduced here, but 
space will not permit. 

WATER SUPPLY. 

THE water supply of Essex County is not a question of how 
long or from whence, but is an old established institution 
found complete in all its details and rippling all over the 
hill tops and down the mountain sides, when the intended 
affianced bride of farmer Josiah Ward, the i9-year-old daughter 
of Captain Swaine, had stepped ashore, thus winning the position 
of honor, and kissed the consecrating kiss which needed but the 



—.^3^ < - II III illll*,^ 

"% i; flfriiiiiiiQi 




VIEW IN NEWARK, N. J., LOOKING NORTHWEST FROM FREEMAN STREET. 



men and women, but the masters were compelled, under the 
law, to maintain them as long as they lived. This act gave 
freedom to all children born in slavery, the boys at 25 and the 
girls at 21 years of age. A short time afterward an amendatory 
act was passed reducing the ages to 21 for boys and 18 for girls. 
There is now living in Essex County several of those whose 
freedom came through the workings of the amendatory part of 
the act. Mrs. Hannah Mandeville, the widow of Anthony, now 
in her 77th year, and still hale and hearty, is living in Newark, 
at No. 14 Hacket Street, where she enjoys the competency her 
good man left her, and is never happier than when rehearsing 
the history of her life. 

Essex County has quite a large number of colored people, 



wedded bliss to wake the bud of hope nestling snug in the blos- 
som of o-ood wishes now ready to bloom for the Connecticut 
farmers on the soil of Essex County. First, the Pasayic river 
had started away back where the delicate squaw and the wee 
little Indian papoose (baby) had sipped the cool draught along- 
side the white lily pad where the wild deer raised no objection? 
here and there covering a hiding-place for the wild duck, '".e 
wild goose and the plover, slowing down till she formed th Ag 
and the little piece of meadow, that muskrats, the mi'.^, and 
now and then a beaver, to take time bv the forelock and get 
things in readiness to meet winter's cold selections, and then 
beckoned on by the rocky way, called Little Falls, in order to 
make preparations for the final leap at the great falls in 



20 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J.. ILLUSTRATED. 



I'aterson, to be caught in the arms of her cystal vebUil lover, u litre 
the tide ebbs and flows a few miles below, and timidly glides on 
to the Hackensack, Newark bay. Kill von Kull and the ocean. 

Next in importance to the Passaic river, (^which for many years 
supplied the people of the City of Newark for domestic, 
economical and various others, the most important among them 
being for fire purposes) comes the east and west branches of 
the Rahway river, the Elizabeth river and other small spring 
brooks, brooklets, etc.. etc. The above named covering the 
natural water resources of the county of Essex, we turn to the 
water supply made available through the genius of the 
engineering craft. Their work resulted in the introduction of 
aqueduct water into the peoples' houses through the medium of 
Wooden pipes. On November 17. iSoo, the first water company 
was formed. Its board of directors consisted of John N. Cum- 
mings, Nathaniel Camp. Jesse Baldwin, Nathaniel Beach. 
Stephen Hays. James Hedden, Jabez Parkhurst, David D. Crane, 
Joseph L. Baldwin, Lulhur Coble, Aaron Ross, John Burnett 
and William Halsey. all honored names. Wooden pipes were 



eNcclleiu lur clomciiic purposes. Experiment proved prctiy 
conclusively that the driving must continue to a point far beUuv 
the tide level in order to get the benefit of nature's tiliei^. 
After expending nearly $50,000, the wells w^ere boarded up in 
order to keep man or beast from unwittingly or unwillingly Uik- 
ing their death of cold through a bath taken out of season, .iml 
so have remained as a monument to mark the beginning of .1 
project (however meritorious it may have been) in a hurry, .iiil 
left to moulder away like all things earthy and the recollection-, 
thereof left to fade through the lapse of time. 

BRANCH BROOK. 

THE first supply which came to the people of Newark was 
gathered from a pert little stream, known as Branch Bnnik, 
which gathered the waters of many springs w hich abounded in 1 1 1 r 
region lying to the north and northeast of the Morris & Essi \ 
R. R.. and when the little reservoir on Orange street, and the 
other reservoir — a combination designed by the architect aiul 
the builder — the latter making sure in laving its foundations and 




ON 1 iNCdl.N r\l;K AND \V A -II I N' . I ' iN- sii;i:i r, M.WAKK. N. J, 



used until 1828. when steps were taken for subslituling iron 
therefore. Under an act of the legislature, approved March 20. 
i860, the Newark board was constituted, and by that authority 
the transfer was made to the City of Newark " of the capital 
stock and all the rights and franchises, lands and property, real 
and personal, of the Newark Aqueduct Company," the con- 
sideration being $100,000. 

About this lime the drivcn-wcll cr.izc came into vogue, and 
the company, anxious to advance the best interests of the city, 
had about forty of these sand crabs driven, varying in depth 
from forty to forty-eight feet. By dint of extraordinary 
excrtin/is they managed to make them yield about 100,000 
gallnnsevcry forty-eight hours of what was doubtless Pas.saic 
water, though somewhat improved by being filtered through the 
bed of sand »nd gravel provided by the river. The water was 
clear and had a pleasant taste and would have proved, no doubt, 



rearing the superstruction, that there should be nothing in tlu- 
way of its drawing a certain percentage of the water to keep lu r 
full to the brim, and which might, under pressing conditions. In- 
drawn from the Morris canal, which took water from Hopatcoiij; 
and Greenwood lake, which was far better than the lalt r 
introduced, 

PASSAIC SUPPLY. 

AS Newark, the chief city of the County of Essex, grew in 
population, and the people grew rich and important, lli' 
perl little brook was no longer sulVicient for the manufaclurti--' 
and peoples' wants, and the demand arose for a larger suppl\. 
and without the care and caution which all great undertakin-s 
usually command, the Passaic river was tapped just above Bell( - 
ville, that the increasing water needs of Essex's chief city shouM 
have its water supply increased for its wants. Not long after, or in 
i868-'69, a pumping station had been built and furnished with 



ESSEX COUNTY, X. /.. ILLUSTRATED. 



21 



all the late improved pumping apparatus, and great reservoirs 
had been constructed to contain the combined energies of the 
entire apparatus. It began to leak out (not the water, but the 
fact) that the sewage from the great capital city was chiefly 
responsible for certain contaminations of the Passaic's— once 
crystal fluid— which not alone could be seen, but which it was 
said had grown so strong as to be easily felt as the tides ebbed 
and flowed across the sill of its wide open door. 

PEQUANNOCK. 

\1;hILE it cannot be said that the great Pequannock water 
VV sheds, reservoirs, etc., belong in reality to Essex, yet it 
comes booming down the mountains and winding through the 
valleys until when it reaches the boundary line and opens its 
flood-gates of pure mountain spring water into the great receiv- 
ing reservoirs near Belleville, which were closed to Passaic's 
pollutetl waters (late discoven-di Imt stnnd with nutstretrhed 



ARTESIAN WELLS. 



ALL over the county, in many a nook or corner where such a 
thing would never have been suspected, are artesian weUs 
tapping mother earth, where beneath the shell babbles many a 
sylvan brook and rest quiet lakes of purest water, undisturbed 
by the pretty-hued fishes which, with many a dart and swirl, 
shoot from one water cave to another and where gently rising 
through seam and crevice, it reaches the surface and, in beds of 
sand and gravel, by nature formed, provides a home and harvest 
for the finny friends of man. 

Essex County In The Revolution. 

To the lot of a very few, indeed, of her sisters did it fall to 
play such an active part in the Revolutionary War. I ler 
geographical position was such that the doors were left 
wide open to its ravages, and hers, from necessity, if from no 
other cause, could not remain anvthing but an out and out 




VIEW O.M WASHIXGIUX T.VRK .-XND WASHINGTON STREET, NEWARK, \. J. 



arms to welcome rcquannocU's supply to its embrace. As we 
reach the subject of water supply more in detail in another 
chapter of this book, the reasons which stand out boldly in 
proof of the fact that few cities (if any) in the republic are sup- 
plied with water answering all purposes to a greater degree than 
that which the Pequannock furnishes, will be given. 

ORANGE GETS WATER. 

THE bright little city of Orange, the second in size of the 
cities of Essex County, whose people made frequent and 
repeated demands for a better supply of water and this they 
finally procured. By building a dam across the west branch of 
the Rahway river, between the first and second Orange 
mountains, the waters of that .sylvan stream were staid back till 
a sufficient amount was husbanded to meet the wants of the 
beautiful city. 



patriotic and dangerous position. As soon as the tocsin 
sounded and war, cruel war, was at her doors, the mass of her 
people, who were patriots to the core, and lovers of liberty and 
freedom of the most exhalted type, they began playing the 
heaviest parts on the what proved a bloody stage. They had 
heard the shrill blasts of the trumpet of liberty which was echo- 
ing throughout the land, and the despicable stamp act of the 
mother country had fired the hearts of the lovers of freedom 
everywhere throughout the length and breadth of the colonies, 
and it found the children of Essex ready to snap asunder the 
ties that bound them to the mother country. Notwithstanding 
the fact of their loyalty to the king and a religious desire for 
peace, they were ready to take up arms in defense of their liber- 
ties and rights. 

As in all other sections of the country, there were those who, 
from one cause or another, had a lack of patriotism or were 
open and avowed royalists or lories and cast the weight of their 



22 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



inlluence and money against the palriots. they being mostly of 
the wealthier class and such as had been in the enjoyment of 
favors from the king. 

The ringing declaration of Patrick Henry, " Give me liberty, 
or give me death," was being everywhere rehearsed, and the 
very safest place possible for the tory and his family was where 
they could have the protection of King George's red-coated 
batallions. 

So loyal had the Jersey Blues proved in the French war, his 
majesty felt terribly disappointed and chagrined when he found 
the Jersey men patriots to the core, except as before said, those 
who became traitors to the cause and tale-bearers to the king's 
troops, and who thus were exposing the patriots to greater 
dangers and unnecessary sufferings. 

The enthusiasm which Essex County manifested in the cause 



troops to serve in the continental army, on the glh day of 
October. 1775 ; the provincial congress of New Jersey, then 
sitting in Trenton, had the call laid before them on the 13th. 
when other than the news preceding it having reached congress, 
the illustrious John Hancock accompanied the call with a re- 
quest for several battalions of men, saying, " The congress has 
the firmest confidence that from your experienced zeal in the 
great cause. You will exert your utmost endeavors to carry the 
said resolutions into effect with all possible expedition." 

The people hastened to fill the roll, not because of the mere- 
pittance of five dollars a month which they would receive for 
the service, but because their hearts were fired with zeal for tin- 
cause and their bosoms swelled with pride that they wen- 
privileged to take part in the glorious battles for liberty. 

The patriots of Essex, their close proximity to New York ami 









^■^i 



VIKW ON i;kci.\1) SlKIl I, LOOKING NORTH FROM M.-VRKET STREET. 



in which the people of the thirteen colonies were engaged, had 
few parallels. The roar of the British lion startled the inhabi- 
tants of the sparseiy-sellled region of the New Jersey common- 
wealth, and each man in whose bosom burned the flame of free- 
dom and was ready to escape from tyranny and oppression, 
seized fire-lock, trusty sword, flint-lock or musket, and bore well 
his part in the struggle which grew more fierce as the nearly 
eight years dragged their slow length along. 

Her position, geographically speaking, cm the direct route be- 
tween (as they were even at that early day called) the two great 
commercial cities of the western world, placed l-"ssex County 
between the upper and the nether mill stones, and her products, 
(says Stryker's Jersfymnn, in the Kevolulionai-y War,) made, to 
a cert.iin extent, food for which ever army had possession during 
the long and eventful struggle. 

Congress, then sitting in Philadelphia, making its first call for 



other nearby places which were under the control of King 
George's troops, left them exposed to the wickedness of those 
who had been invited to leave Esse.\ County for the count) '■- 
good, and while the general public suffered more or less, there 
are cases of individual suffering and death on the record which 
are most heart-rending and cruel. 

Joseph Atkinson, in his " History of Newark," compares New 
Jersey with Belgium. The first he entitles the battle-ground of 
the revolution, and the latter, the field where the French military 
meteor, the great Napoleon, met lasting defeat. Little Belgium 
was his chief battle-ground. Some forty years before Waterloo 
was fought, " little Jersey " was the Belgium of the Anglo- 
/Vmcrican conflict. 

As we lake a survey of the revolutionary field and give the 
mind free play over " the times which tried mens' souls," we 
will not be permitted to forget how our forefathers sulTered and 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



23 



died for the liberty wliich is such a precious boon to us to-day. 
That little New Jersey and her daughter, Essex, and the latter's 
sisters, the misses Mercer and Monmouth, nobly acted their 
part, we have only to revert to the imperishable pen pictures 
historians have painted and the many war scenes and bloody 
battle-grounds which dot their territoiy over and bespangle 
their battle-scarred faces o'er and o'er. 

From Trenton, in Mercer, where Wasliington pounced on the 
Hessians and convinced them by proofs irrefutable that there's 
virtue in the habit of quite early rising, for Washington had 
whispered to his generals and they in turn had said to the foot- 
sore soldiers under them, " When the cock crows for the 

dawning," 

Let's up and at 'em — 

Those plaguy old Hessians, 
And give each one of them 

A choice Christmas dressing. 



County, where Parson Caldwell immortalized his name and 
supplied the soldiers with a new stock of wadding and satisfied 
his spirit of sorrow and revenge -the British soldiers having 
wantonly and cruelly murdered his wife and child as they sat in 
the door of the parsonage watching the invading army march 
by. 

Not satisfied with the murder of the parson's wife and infant 
child, they proceeded to fire the little town and soon laid it in 
ashes. Having satisfied their fiendish desires, they took up the 
line of retreat for Staten Island, the Americans keeping up a 
galling fire all the way to the bay. 

Some years ago, while Bret Harte was paying a visit to the 
old church and the battle-ground of Springfield, he paid the fol- 
lowing tribute to the memory of Caldwell and the battle of 
Springfield, in the following lines penned in his own peculiar 
style : 




VIEW ON CLINTON .iVENtJK AND HIGH STREET. NEW.VRK, N. J. 



Silently through snow and the bitter cold of a winter night, 
the patriot army took up the march, and when daylight was just 
breaking, Washington had crossed the Delaware, which was 
made wild by the winter's upbreaking of its December ice, and 
the line of march taken for Trenton, four miles away. And yet 
the first that Cornwallis knew of the little trouble at Trenton 
was the thunder of Washington's guns at Pnnceton. Mercer 
having done her part, Monmouth was ready to support her, and 
right royally she did it, with Moll Pitcher to help her, as is so 
graphically and in sweet poesy told by Dr. Thomas Dunn 
English. 

At Springfield, we touch what was then the soil of old Esse.\, 
where Parson Caldwell, when the battle was the thickest, 
rushed into his church and gathered up the books called Watts' 
hymns, and in a moment was out again and rushing from 
soldier to soldier, exclaiming as he ran : " Give them Watts, 
boys, give 'em Watts ! "—they having exhausted their wadding ; 
and the old church still stands to mark the spot, now in Union 



Here's the spot. Look around you Above on the height 
Lay the Hessians encamped. By that clmrch on the riglu 
Stood the bold Jersey farmers, and here ran a wall. 
■Vou may dig anywhere and you'll turn up a ball. 
Nothing more. Grasses spring, waters run, flowers blow, 
Pretty much as they did a century ago. 

Nothing more did I say ? Stay one moment. You've heard 

Of Caldwell, the parson, who once preached the Word 

Down at Springfield? What? No? Come, that's bad. Why, he had 

All the Jerseys aflame. And they gave him the name 

Of " 1 he rebel high priest." He stuck in their gorge. 

He loved the Lord God, and he hated King George. 

He had cause you might say. When the Hessians that day 
^I.^rched up with Knyphausen, tliey stopped on their way 
At the " Farms," where his wife, with a child in her arms. 
Sat alone in the house. How it happened, none knew 
But God and that one of the hireling crew 
Who fired tliat shot. Enough ! There slie lay. 
And Caldwell, the chaplain, her husband, away. 



21- 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



Did lie preacli ? Did lie pray ? Tliinl< ol Iiini as yoii sland 

By the old cliurcli to-day. Think of him and that band 

Of iiiiliiani plough-boys. See the smoke and the heat 

Of that reckless advance— of the siragglinj,' retreat. 

Keep the ghost of that wife, foully slain, in your view, 

And what could you, what should you, and what would you do ? 

Why, just what he did. They were left in llie lurch 
For the want of more wadding. He ran into the church. 
Broke the door, stripped the pews, and dashed out to the road 
With his arms full of hynm books, and threw down his load 
At their feet. Then, above all the shouting and shots. 
Rang his voice : " Put W.ntts into em boys ; give em Watts ! 

.•\nd they did. that's all. Grasses grow, waters run, flowers blow. 
Pretty much as tliey did ninety-siN years ago. 
You may dig anywhere and you'll turn up a ball, 
But not always a bero like this, and that's all. 



farms, in and surrounding- these noted settlements, were well 
stocked with cattle and horses. There was plenty of grain, 
fodder and provisions, and it was esteemed rich foraging 
ground to the English who had been taught to believe that 
the patriots were naught but rebels and should be robbed and 
plundered at will, their houses, barns and other out-buildings 
coinmitteed to the flames, while their contented and happy 
owners were dragged away to foul dungeons and prisons, to be 
tortured and starved, (as they often declared they should be) 
into submission to the king, unless, perchance, death should 
come to their relief. 

Their bitter and wanton cruelty had a marked exhibition on 
the niglit of January 20, 1780. The weather was, and had been 
for days, so piercingly cold that the North river was frozen over. 
Over this bridge of ice marched the fiendish hordes, five hundretl 




VIF.W ON MII.IIARV PARK AND PARK. PLACE. NEWARK, N. J. 



While the Slate of New Jersey was ravaged from end to end 
by the war waged so unrelentingly by the mother country, yet 
Essex County must and did bear the heaviest end of the burden. 
While the British troops occupied New York, Newark and 
Essex County was their favorite raiding ground and foraging 
field. For years the people slept with their tire-locks in hand, 
ready, at the first alarm, to do battle for life, home, kindred, 
neighbors and property, so close were the relations, and so inti- 
mate were the people one with another. The Tories would 
sally forth, banded together, or, as guides to British troopers, 
would seek out the patriots in their hotiics, which, in many 
cases, had long been familiar, lake the men prisoners, insult the 
ladies, vandalize the properly, and slip away without being 
molested. This <lid not so often happen though, since the 
watch-fires of the defenders were generally ke|)t brightly burn- 
ing, and woe was it to him who approached without the proper 
countersign and pass-word. 

Newark and Elizabeth were prospering townships, with iii.iny 
wealthy families who had been on familiar terms with those who 
had turned traitors and were domiciled in New York. The 



strong, and commanded, or rather pretended to be comn)andeil, 
by Major Lumni. At Paulus Hook, the band of red-coated 
miscreants fortned for the march to Newark, with eyes glaring 
away to the well-filled larders and to the tables spread for the 
evening meal before the firesides of home. Newark, it seems, 
was not to suffer alone, but Elizabethtown had been elected to 
share its woes. The satiie night a band of troops crossed on the 
ice from Staten Island on a like errand for plunder and |)er- 
secution. Not content with the result of their plundering 
expedition bv the troops of Major Lunim. the torch was 
.tpplied to the new academy, and that pretty building, which 
was the pride of the town, was soon a heap of smouldering ruir 
This building, which was of stone, and erected on the upp< 1 
green (now Washington park), nearby \Vashington place and 
liroad street, would, in all probability, have been standing 
to-day had the miscreant's match failed to create the sacrificial 
blaze. 

The sacrilege committed by Major Lumm's command hail 
more than a counlerijart when the Elizabeth contingent of 
robbers, murderers and incendiarists sent the First Presbyterian 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. /., ILLUSTRATED. 



•Ji> 



Church up in fire and smoke. The flames of this memorable 
structure illumined the horizon for miles around and alarmed 
the Lumm soldiers, who mistook the fire for a movement of the 
Americans. At all events, they beat a hasty retreat from 
Newark. 

As they left the town they vented their malignity on one of 
the inost prominent patriots of the place, Justice Joseph Hedden. 
Jr. This gentleman came of a family noted for courage and 
firmness. His father, Joseph Hedden. Sr., who lived to be 
ninety-six years of age, was wont to speak with pride of the 
fact that he had eight sons in the service of the country during 
the struggle for freedom. His son Joseph was a man of great 
nerve. By the proceedings of the State Council of Safety, we 
find that Mr. Hedden was chosen commissioner for Essex 
County for signing and inventorying of the estates and effects of 



stands. She saw the academy ablaze, but no one dared attempt 
to quench the flames, even if a single bucket of water could 
have saved the building. Some one told her the British were 
carrying off her brother. Over she ran and entered the Hedden 
house by one door while the soldiers were dragging her brother 
out of another. They had forced him from his sick-bed. and 
Mrs. Hedden was in her night-dress which was stained with 
blood. It appears the soldiers, whether from sheer brutality or 
eagerness to get on the retreat will never be known, essayed to 
drag Mr. Hedden into the street with nothing but his night 
clothes on. In her efforts to prevent this and to get her 
husband properly clothed, Mrs. Hedden braved the bayonets of 
the cruel soldiers and was severely, though not dangerously, 
wounded in several places. Meanwhile, the soldiers with Mr. 
Hedden and other captives, started on the retreat, taking the 



'< >. ■■*■. 



\^> 








~m^^^^!^^^^^ 








(tiiif^,.^, 



>iKi:t;r. i.oijki.m 



;^UU1I1 1 ROM M..\RKET STREET. 



persons who •■ had gone over to the enemy." He was chosen 
in the place of Isaac Dodd, " who refused to act." The position, 
as may be readily imagined, was one that demanded in its 
occupant absolute fearlessness and firmness. So well had Mr. 
Hedden fulfilled his duties, that he was pointed out by the 
persons who had gone over to the enemy as a Newarker worthy 
of the bitterest persecution. 

On the night of the 25th he happened to be at home— a 
rather rare family treat for an active patriot at the particular 
period we write of. As it was, but for the illness of Mr. 
Hedden, he would probably not have been at home. His house 
stood on Broad Street, near what is now Lombardy Street, 
facing the upper common, Washington Park. His married 
sister, Mrs. Elizabeth Roberts, lived on the other side of the 
common, about where the Second Presbyterian Church now 



route down what is now Centre Street and along River Street 
to the old Ferry Road, now the Plank and trolley car road. 
While passing the Bruen property, the same which now forms 
the junction of Commerce and Market Streets, Eleazer Bruen 
is said to have had the coolness and daring to pass Mr. Hedden 
a blanket. The prisoner was marched to Paulus Hook— now 
Jersey City— at the point of the bayonet and thence across the 
ice bridge to New York, where he was ruthlessly thrown into 
the old sugar-house. In consequence of the cold and danger 
to which his captors delighted in e.xposing him on the night of 
the raid and the cruel treatment he received at the old sugar- 
house. Mr. Hedden's limbs mortified, and when it became 
apparent that he could not live long his friends were notified, 
and his brothers David and Simon were permitted to remove 
him to Newark. Here he was tenderly nursed till death came to 



26 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J.. ILLUSTRATED. 



his relief on September 27. Like hundreds of others who gave 
of their fortunes and pledged their sacred honor and gave their 
lives for the liberties we now enjoy, he lies buried in an unmarked 
and unknown grave. 

Ashamed of his conduct and that of his men— for it is said 
that he was a man not lost to all that was human — Major 
Lumm, like many another who thought to thus assuage the 
griefs begot of the gnawings of conscience, rushed into print 
and procured the insertion in Rivington's Royal Gazette, 7), rose- 
colored statement of the affair which would lead their readers 
to believe that the British raid, which caused so much needless 
sacrifice of life and brought into many a household such suffcr- 



I le was a firm friend of his country 
In the darkest limes, 
Zealous for American Liberty. 
In opposition to British Tyranny, 
And at last fell a victim 
To British Cruelty. 

"It is proper here to state." says Mr. Atkinson, "that thi 
account given of Judge Hedden's martyrdom, widely different' 
as it is from all versions heretofore published, is related on the 
authority of the martyr's grand-niece and nephew, with whom 
he had interviews." 

For a number of years after the war the remains of the old 



-^ 



%^J^£..?b 




VIEWS IN NEWARK. N. J., LOOKING NORTH, SOUTH, EAST AND WEST, FROM THE PRUDENTIAL RUILDING. 



ing and sorrow, was the result of a mistaken order. The effect 
of his rose-colored article was such as to make the matter far 
worse, and resulted in firing their hearts to increased love 
of country, home and fireside, and hatred of that British 
infamy which took many a long year to erase, even after the 
close of the war and the acknowledgment of independence 
to the American people. Upon Judge Hedden's grave-stone, 
as Mr. Atkinson has truthfully said in his " History of 
Newark." — the whereabouts or existence of which constitutes 
matters of conjecture — was cut the following inscription : 

This monument is erected to the memory of Joseph Iledden, Esq., 

who departed this life the 271I1 day of September, 1780, 

In the 5ad year of his age. 



Newark Academy were used by the children as a place for them 
to play " hide-and-go-seek ;" and lessons not a few were taken 
among the smoke-begrimed timber and stone, which made 
love of country and blood-bought liberty the household gods of 
many an American citizen who found his incentives there. 

JERSEY BLUES 

THERE being no shadow of a doubt that the name "Jersey 
Blue," which has clung so long and with such tenacity to 
the New Jersey soldier, holding on even to quite an extent during 
the late war of the Rebellion, originated with the soldiers of 
Essex County, we cannot well forbear a line or two as to its 
origin. Washington's grand piece of strategy at Trenton, 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



27 



which sent the British wheeling through the Jerseys and led up to 
the final episode of the war after, as we learned in our school 
idays, a struggle which lasted "seven years nine months and one 
Jday," doubtless did much to discourage the British and shorten 
^the war. 

Long years after Cornwallis surrendered at Yorktown, it was 
a common saying (and believed to be truthful) that he made 
'use of goods which had been the personal property of Wash- 
tington, in packing his plunder, and which he was permitted 
to take away, glad to get rid of so much meanness under a 
commander and chief's uniform without any interference 
on the part of the grandest and most liberal of conquerors who, 
without let or hindrance, saw them go away. Our readers will 
pardon tliis departure from the thread of our story, so we will 
get back to where and to whom the honor belongs of furnishing 
the proud appellation of "Jersey Blue" to Esse.x County and 
indeed all New Jersey soldiers. 



possess a peculiar charm to the British — on some particular 
service to which the word plunder clung closer than any. 
Capt. Littell, with his oddly-uniformed company, followed soon 
after. He had been a close student of strategy and knew the 
art of ambushing as well as the savage. Well acquainted with 
the country, he divided his little command, greatly inferior in 
numbers to the Waldeckers, and leaving one part behind and 
by a circuitous route with the other and a rapid march, soon 
placed himself in front of the enemy and boldly demanded their 
surrender. Not being able, owing to the nature of the ground 
and the approach of night, to determine the size of Captain 
Littell's force, the Waldeckers sought to make a retrograde 
movement. Instantly they were assailed in front and flank and 
soon becoming demoralized they surrendered, not having fired 
a shot. Thoroughly exasperated over the affair, the great 
inferiority of Littell's force becoming known, the British com- 
mander ordered out a large force of Hessians to wipe out the 




VIEW ON PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE, NEWAKk, N. J. 



A dashing son of liberty, one Capt. Littell, was a central 
figure among the patriots. Bold, daring and honorable was this 
son of Esse.x and a stranger to fear. He is said to have been a 
handsome man and a great favorite with the ladies. A volun- 
teer company which he commanded was presented by the 
fair daughters of Essex with a uniform of material for the 
appellation which time has thus far been unable to erase, with 
such marvellous appropriateness does it seem to have been 
applied ; and little wonder, since the uniform consisted of " tow 
frocks" and "pantaloons dyed blue." Indeed it was not so 
much the color of the pantaloons or the tow frocks the Esse.x 
boys wore that fixed the appellation of "Jersey Blue," but it was 
their noble deeds in "flaxing" the enemy that made the name 
honorable and the color lasting. Two incidents, and this pretty 
narrative must give place to others. The very day Cornwallis 
moved out of Newark, a company of Waldeckers was dis- 
patched towards Connecticut Farms — a section which seemed to 



affront and disgrace. These were as quickly discomfited liy 
Capt. Littell's " Blues," his skill and gallantry. After goading 
and injuring the enemy at several points, by an adroit move he 
led them into a swamp where he soon had them entangled and 
at his mercy when they, in pursuance of the brilliant and safe 
example set by the Waldeckers, also ignominiously surrendered, 
and this time it was the Hessians who had been given a taste 
of the metal of our " Jersey Blues " and the brilliant tactics of 
Captain Littell. 

THE AFFAIR AT LYONS FARMS. 

FULLY determined that Lyons Farms should not be without 
its share in the glory of the success they heard of as 
being consummated all around, three daring spirits— Wade, 
Carter and Morehouse— concocted a scheme for capturing a 
company of twenty-five Hessians camped in a house nearby. 
These fearless spirits fixed upon a night when they should 



2^ 



ESSEX Cnr'NTY. N. J.. ILLUSTRATED. 



attack them in their rendezvous. Wade 
was to shoot down the sentinel while the 
others raised a tremendous shout and 
liretl their pieces through the windows in 
the n)idst of the Hessians. The latter, 
terrified beyond measure, without even 
stopping to pick up their arms, tied in 
all directions to escape a foe which in the 
darkness they knew not of the strength or 
number. 



THE 



OF 



T' 



FIRST DECLARATION 
INDEPENDENCE. 

'll.VT some of the seeds of liberty 
gathered in Essex ("ounty, New 
Jersey, took root in other places, is made 
manifest in Dr. McWhorter's removal to 
Charlotte, Meclenberg County, North 
Carolina, where the tlrst Declaration of 
Independence was born and promulgated. 
-So daring and impetuous had the doctor 
been it became necessary, whenever he 
was known to be at home, that a sentinel 
should pace back and forth before his 

door. Before the doctor had become fairly settled in his new 
place, he was compelled again to fly from home as the enemy 
were pursuing the rebel parson, as they termed him, with sleuth- 
hound purpose and tenacity. It is vouched for on pretty good 
authority that Dr. McWhorter was with Washington when the 
council of war was held which resulted in the capture of the 
Hessians and the telling victory of the Americans at Trenton. 

A DARING ADVENTURE. 

WHERE there was so many brave spirits engaged in the 
cause of American independence, it seems invidious to 
make election, to choose some and leave others unmentioned 
whose deetls were just as brave and the results of whose daring 
feats were just as far-reaching, but space not permitting even a 
bare mention of the many, we must be excused for the present- 
ation of the few as representatives of the whole. 

The ground was covered with snow when Capt. John Kidney, 
Capt. Henry Jeroloman, Jacob Garlam and Halmack Jeroloman 





\1KW 0.\ .M.4RKET SlREEl', E.AST FRU.M HROAU STREET. 



started out from Bloomfield, then a part of Newark. Thf\ 
drove a swift team tackled to a wood-sled, but the usual con- 
comitant of sleigh bells was wanting to complete the turn on-. 
Even such an indispensable article as a whip was dispense 
with, since the horses seemed animated with a like spirit tli i; 
governed the cargo of adventurers seeking just what tli' . 
apparently were to find in the immediate vicinity of Berj;rii 
Heights. As they hauled up at a hostlery by the waysiib 
the fog rising in curls from the nostrils and sides of the smok- 
ing steeds, and when the lines had been thrown to the hosllci 
and the boniface had welcomed his guests at the fireside ami 
made their stomachs feel glad over a glass of patriotic Herge-n 
cider, the daring patriots were ready for the purpose whi^ ' 
they had in view. The British garrison which kept guard o\ i : 
the Heights and overawed and plundered the people, had not 
confined themselves that cold night to cider alone but, like tin- 
Indian, had a drop of the creature which was warmer ami 
stronger, they naturally grew careless and less fearful of dant;i i . 

Stealthily they approached tlv 
school-house, where the British 
were holding their orgies, whin 
Capt. Kidney gave orders in a lou.l 
voice to his army of three men i 1 
well armed. They then began i 
fusilade and made all the noise thai 
it was possible under the circum- 
stances. He then sprang to tin- 
door, forced it open and demanded 
a surrender, shouting out to tin 
terror-stricken roysterers, " Evcr\ 
one of you are my prisoners, sm- 
nnder or die," the frightened 1 
crowd of red-coals within not 
knowing but an entire regiment of 
\iiiericans were behind the capt.iiii. 
I ir then ordered them to fall in lim 
ml one by one to make their exit, 
Mr- picked out one officer and a 
iiigee, had them muffled and jnit 
into the sled, warning the first wli i 
attempted to escajjc that he woiii! 



VIKW ON WASHINGTON PARK AND WASHINGTON PJ.ACE. 



be a dead man. The captain ani 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. /.. ILLUSTRATED. 



29 



his companions then inade a dash for the sled, started off 
at the swiftest pace and baffled any pursuit which would surely 
i follow soon after. The prisoners were taken to the Morristown 
jail to rest while their chagrin passed off at having been so 
cleverly outwitted and captured. 

Essex County in the War of 1861=5. 

THERE are signs in nature which scientists consider infal- 
lible, which indicate the approach of great convulsions of 
earth and matter, disturbances of the elements which, 
though shght in themselves, bring forebodings of approaching 
changes resulting in disasters wide-spread. Then there are signs 
which point with unerring finger to the figures on the face of the 
swift revolving cycles of the years rolling on, which are none the 
less just as surely premonitions of disturbances among men. 
governments and nations which point to revolutions, changes 
and consequences just as certainly and are just as significant 
and freighted with results just as far-reaching. 

That awful stillness pervading space and which, like the deep 
darkness which "can even be felt" preceding earthquakes, is a 
sign insignificant in itself but marvellously truthful, as it 
becomes the herald of a convulsion which may shake the earth 
from circumference to centre. In summer, when not a leaf 
is stirring or cricket chirping, and not a " breath of air," as saith 
the patiently-waiting sailor, is astir, it is easy indeed to divine 
that nature's leyden-jars are being charged as yonder dark 
cloud rolls slowly up the western sky in readiness for loosing 
the forked tongues of the lightning which, with might and 
power, tear great rents in the slow-moving clouds, waking the 
deep-mouthed thunders which in close pursuit of the zig-zag 
lightnings apparently on mischief bent, but which charms and 
satisfies when it lets loose the rain-drops to cool the parched 
earth. 

So it was immediately preceding the great Civil War. When 
all the batteries of the North and South had been full charged 
by the work of hate and fury going on for years, an awful fore- 
boding of war was easily felt in the solemn stillness surrounding 
the field of preparation in the land of the sunny South. The 
deep-mouthed dogs of war lay quiet, but in readiness for un- 
leashing by a proclamation of war. The cup of dissatisfaction 
and brotherly discord had been filled to overflowing, and while 
the sweet-smiling angel of Peace held the chalice of love to lips 
that long refused to sip, then came the e.xplosion. The spark 
long fanned, finally found life and reached the powder of Fort 






l« 



^ 



J7?^-^h -2Ur Q.CO cA^r^, '^"•^Z, 



r 



^■u 



-fOiefJA^^ 






too l/lct^^ 






/ 






COPY OF AN OLD RECORD FOUND IN MR. MITCHKI.L'S SI 

ON EAGLE ROCK. 





I 



lUU.NL'.ML-M I.\ i.iiK.\loL'.\t t,L..lLiLKV, LuLLlLLl IJV lUL 

CITY OF NEWARK TO PERPETUATE THE MEMORY 

OF THE EARLY SETTLERS. 

Moultrie's cannon. One flash, and the deep-mouthed thunder 
aw^oke and unleashed every dog of war, both North and South. 
The beautiful Hag which had floated in glory over a united and 
prosperous people was rent with "gash and seam." Little 
they knew, who fired that first shot, of what they were dream- 
ing. Little thought they who, with heartless aim, sent the ball 
speeding which should make that furrow, the one leading to 
the ploughing of the entire sunny land of their own beloved 
South and a literal sowing thereof with the besom of destruction; 
much less thought they 

VVlien in storm of sliot and shell. 
" Old Glory " fell, "Old Glory " fell ; 
The institulion of slavery, which had been our country's bane, 
Would no longer live to stain 
Its ground of blue. 
Its stars and stripes — 
The flag of the free, rightly named. 









VER LAKE HOTEL, 



From no part of our common country did 
there follow an echo clothed in a more 
sorrowful thrill than that which was an- 
swered back to the bellowing sound of the 
shotted gun fired from Moultrie's walls, than 
did that from the people of Essex County^ 
Not that w-ar between kindred had begun ; 
not that the truce was indeed broken; not 
that the proinises of rivers of blood flowing 
from brothers' torn veins which could be 
plainly seen through the rents that shot made 
in our beautiful flag— not all these cogent 
reasons coinbined. but that which did more 
to break the bond of hope and loose the 
flood-gates of despair, w'as the closing of our 
factory doors in fulfillment of the promise 
sent back of want in the families of her ten 
thousand skilled mechanics and workmen. 

All over Essex County, as if by magic 
touch, great manufacturing establishments 



,90 



GSSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



had sprung up, and the much needed supplies of the South 
were being manufactured therein to meet a rapidly increasing 
demand, as Essex County had already long borne the title 
of "The Workshop of the South." The ties of busi- 
ness and family ties which had been growing for years through 
these channels, must, when nurtured by the prosperity they 
wrought, which was both rich and rare, have grown very strong, 
and when the match was touched which sent that first shot 
ricochctling over the waters to Sumpter's walls, it was freighted 
with no small hope that that tie would prove strong enough 

to hold. 

'Mid llie thunder of bailie, 

In the red glare of war. 
'Mid llie shouts of the fighters 

.And ihc clashing of steel. 

The mistake which our hot-blooded southern brothers made 
was in their reckoning of receiving more than regrets for their 



which was long being prepared for the mighty conllagralion 
which finally blazed high on every hill-top of the South and 
swept over the southron's sunny land as with the besom of 
destruction. For many long years after the war had closed 
the question was asked, " Upon whose shoulders shall rest 
the responsibility for the untold sufferings, the almost irreparable 
loss, and the fearful devastation wide-spread ?" Hut time has 
soothed the passions and healed the wounds and the question 
is no longer asked. With whom rests the responsibility of 
building the fearful holocaust ? It is enough for our purpose that 

ESSEX COUNTY WAS LOYAL. 

IT is safe to say that no State, not even Massachusetts herself, 
the hotbed of abolitionism, proved herself more loyal than 
did Essex County and New Jersey. No place answered the 
call for troops to meet the rebellion with greater alacrity, and 




VIEW on m 



l'.\RK AND PARK PLACE, NEWARK, N. J. 



errings and personal sympathy for their self-wrought sufferings 
which in the end cost them so dearly. Not while the blood of 
the fathers keeps up its coursing through the veins of the 
children's children of the Revolutionary heroes ; not while the 
recollection of Washington's masterly strategy and victory over 
the Hessians at Trenton lives to enrich our national history, and 
the picture of his rage when cashiering the traitor Ixe on the 
field and applauding the heroism of Moll Pitcher at Moninouth 
remains engraved on the tablet of every American heart, could 
that heart cease to beat responsive to liberty and union, the 
jewels for which he fought. The southerners had hope<l that 
the close business relations with the men of Essex County who 
h.ad previously voiced public sentiment could be relied on in the 
dread hour of war. Hut they had counted the strength to be 
gleaned from this rich field without that wisdom which garners 
the golden crop. The opinions of the hot heads of the North 
varied little from the fire-calers — as they were then termed — of 
the South ; either being ready, aye eager to touch the match 



when population is considered, few places indeed, if any, lurniil 
out a larger percentage of enlisted men — the record showin- 
that out of a population of less than 700,000, nearly 100,000 men 
went to war, Essex County furnishing her full share. The exact 
figures as we find them recorded was at that time 676,000, and 
she sent to war of that number 98,806. When the marlynil 
Lincoln sent forth his first call for men to defend the nation's 
capital. New Jersey was quick to respond. There was n i 
hesitation. The first bugle note, the sons of the old "Jersc;. 
Hlues" of the Revolution heard and heeded. Eager pledges of 
help went forth from every county, town, village and home. 
While men honestly differed as to methods, all purposes win- 
the same and, couched in the language of another, it was " The 
Union forever, one and indivisible," and at all hazards and 
whatever cost, it must and shall be maintained. The flag 
which w.is brought out only on Independence day and other 
holiday occasions now fluttered in every breeze from all the public 
buildings, and with a singular unanimity of action householders 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



31 



vied with one and the other to see who should first have the stars 
and stripes floating from their house-top. In every town and 
village, patriotic men gathered to give expression to their senti- 
ments of loyalty to their imperilled government. The banks of 
the county opened up their coffers and willingly pledged their 
hoarded gold. As a sample of what the banks of Essex County 
did, we need but mention the S50.000 which stood to the credit 
of the "Old Bank" (the Newark Banking Company), $50,000 
to the State Bank, Mechanic's and Newark City each with 
$25,000, and the Essex County with $20,000. Not alone came 
cash responses to the call for money from the banks, but other 
institutions and the wealthy among her citizens kept them 
company. 

THE NEW JERSEY BRIGADE. 

TO make use of the language of a writer of the days follow- 
ing the firing on Sumpter, " It was a carnival of patriotism 
all through Essex County and in fact all over New Jersey." 



GENERAL THEODORE RUNYON. 

ALTHOUGH he had never marshalled large bodies of 
troops or " set a squadron in the field," the General 
soon proved that no mistake had been made in his selection, and 
when the trying times came, the military tact and rare good 
judgment he displayed proved him the right man in the right 
place. His previous experience, gained while endeavoring to 
place the state militia on an efiicienl basis, .served a purpose 
satisfying to himself and proved a rich legacy to his country 
when dangers menaced, and the companies of militia which had 
enjoyed the benefit of his militaiy ardor and soldierly skill 
formed many a nucleii around which gathered the crowds of 
men who came forward to offer their services in the cause of 
their country and in defense of their homes and firesides. 

Although General Runyon had not yet reached the forties in 
life's score, yet he was a man of large experience and was the 
possessor of a mind well disciplined and was a man of marked 




PRESIDENTS OF THE UNITED STATES. 



The shrill whistle of the ear-piercing fife and the rattle of the 
soul-stirring drum was heard everywhere. That first call for 
troops by President Lincoln on April 15, 1861, the people with 
niie mind resolved to heed. With a full realization of the 
terrible danger with which they were menaced, the people 
responded with alacrity. The wave of enthusiasm which arose 
as the wave of the ocean arises and onward rolled with a power 
which no obstacle could check or overcome. New Jersey was 
asked for four regiments and from Essex County neariy a 
tliousand of this quota came. So enthusiastic were the people, 
It required but a few days to fill the quota, and when they were 
mustered into service, the brigade organization was completed 
by the appointment of Theodore Runyon, of Newark, as Briga- 
dier-General ; Alexander V. Bonnell, as Brigade Inspector, and 
Captain James B. Mulligan, as Aid-de-Camp. 



firmness of character. Few men in the state understood better 
the value of military discipline. He comprehended in a marvel- 
ous way the fearful gravity of the situation, and by his identifi- 
cation for years with the militia of the state, had natural title to 
the distinction of commander of New Jersey's volunteers, neariy 
every man of whom knew General Runyon, and felt that they 
had in him one who would look closely after their every want, 
and who all knew that there would be no needless rushing into 
danger; no needless exposure of person or ignorant orders with 
human sacrifice resulting. 

On the 27th of April, 1861, this prominent Essex County law- 
yer, whose eloquence for years had electrified her courts and 
charmed her juries, was merged into the army general, his com- 
mission as brigadier-general of volunteers bearing the above 
date. The General then immediately took command, thus 



32 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 








VIEWS IN NEWARK IN 1875. 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



bestowing y])on Essex County iIk- honor of furnisliing the first 
Igeneral officer of the state. The task the General had accepted 
•as no light one, but his experience with the militia had 
peculiarly fitted him for its accomplishment, and with the aid of 
the nuclei! of veteran militiamen, he was not long in bringing 
" order out of chaos," and accomplishing the hard task of dis- 
ciplining and equipping his brigade of three thousand men, 
many of whom had never seen a musket, let alone their entire 
gnorance of military drill, and few indeed but were totally 
gnorant of the rigors and discomforts they had to undergo in 
their approaches to the expected denouement of the bloody bat- 
tle-field. But they were Jerseymen. and it was theirs to keep 
unsullied the reputation won by the famous "Jersey Blues" on 



May. he was directed to embark his troops " as .soon as possi- 
ble," on the propellers of the Delaware and Raritan canal, and 
on the same day the General commanding received his final 
orders to reach Washington by the way of Armapolis, the rail- 
road route through Baltimore having been cut off by the burn- 
ing of bridges and the tearing up of tracks by the southerners 
already in the field. To the Hon. John G. Stevens, a director of 
the Delaware & Raritan Canal Company at the time, belongs 
the honor of the first suggestion as to the feasibility of this 
route. In his orders. General Runyon was directed to report to 
the commandant at Annapolis on his arrival. Space not permit- 
ting a full record of the General's orders, it must suffice for us 
to say on this page of ESSE.\ CoL'NTV, New Jersey, Ii.i.us- 




VIEW OF M.\RKET .STREET .^l.MluX. 1 L.\ .\ : V LV.VNI.A. RAILROAD. 



the bloody fields of the revolution and under the eye of the 
immortal Washington. The\' were inexperienced, but yet 
possessed the s])irit of war-worn veterans. It didn't take them 
long to get at an understanding of the necessity of subordina- 
tion, and when the order came to break camp and move, the 
state had abundant reason to look upon their citizen soldiers, in 
company, regiment and full brigade, with pride and satisfaction. 
War in earnest had begun, and that too in earnest before the 
flowers of May had begun their blooming, and our Essex 
County boys were not far from the terrible experiences which 
" war in earnest ever brings " The easy route by rail to Wash- 
ington had ah-eady been cut in twain at Baltimore, and when 
General Runvon received his final orders on the 19th day of 



TRATED, that these orders to Essex County's brilliant lawyer, 
soldier, statesman, and now- the nation's ambassador to the Ger- 
man empire, Theodore Runyon, closed with the following mem- 
orable words : " The honor of New Jersey is in your keeping." 
Such marvelous speed was made with the work of the brig- 
ade's embarkation, that in less than twenty-four hours the little 
fleet, bearing its precious burthen of New Jersey soldier boys, 
left Trenton under the command of Captain R. F. Loper. Such 
speed did the.se canal propellers make, they reached Annapolis 
on the night of the 4th. All along the route the troops were 
the receipients of the most hearty and friendly greetings, and 
all along the watery way they were met with abundant mani- 
festations of the pleasure the people felt at their coming. Ac- 



M 



ESSEX COi'XTV. -V. ./., lIJA'STRMi:!). 



cordiiij; tii imKrs. GcniiMl Riinvon ri|)(>ili-(l to General Butler, 
who was tlu-n in eDinniand at Annapolis, and after some cere- 
mony, he was ordered on to VV.ishinirton. 

In Lossinjj's " Ci\il War hi America," \'ol. 1, Chap. iS, the 

author says: " .And on the fifth, the First Ke<jiii ' six 

comp.inies of the Second and nine companies nl. 

slarled forward in two trains of cars. The first of llicsc trains 
reached Washington about midnight, aixl the second, at eight 
o'clock the next morning'. The same evening the I'ourth Regi- 
ment and the remaining company of the Third reached the 
capil.d. The four companies of the Second left at Annapolis, 
were detailed, by order of General Scott, to the service of 
guanhng the telegraph and railroad between Washington and 
Annapolis Jianction. On .May 6, the arrival of the brigade was 



from President Lincoln, who w.irmlv conipliniente<l th.e appear- 
ance of the troops ; and among our veterans who gather at the 
meetings of the several posts of the Grand .'\rmv of the Repub- 
lic, there are a few yet remaining who well remember the occa- 
sion and who hold in memory dear all the particul.irs of that 
visit of the martyred Lincoln, and cherish in their hearts the 
words of encour.igement which fell from his lips, and remember as 
among their sweetest memories of life the gratification thev felt 
o\er the smile of satisfaction with which he greeted them as 
they passed him on review. 

.\t this point the army life of the volunteer commenced in 
earnest, the utmost exactness being re(|uired in .dl points of 
discipline, it being no longer the plav of soldier, but the realities. 
.All the hard routine of camp duties was dailv observed. The 



rr^^>^'^ 



'^^'>p^(^^r ^t^ -Of "^ 




I.Kdljl' Dl- l.li.\ rill-.K M.\M 1 .XCl'lRKHS. 



reported to General Scott and, no camps being provifled, the 
troops went into such quarters as were available in Washington. 
On all sides the arrival of the troops was hailed with pleasure, 
and men felt that now the capital was safe." 

New Jersey never stood higher in the estimation of the loyal 
people of the country than at that time when she sent to the 
nation's defence the first full brigade of troops that reached the 
field. Two flays after its arrival in Washington, the brigade 
paraded the ( ity and was everywhere hailed with the liveliest 
demonstration of enthusiasm by the people. 

May 9th, the Fourth Regiment was ordered to go into camp 
at Meridian Hill, .and within a few days the entire brigade was 
encamped at that point, and on May 17, was honored by a visit 



work of the soldier was found to be something more than nun 
festive employment, but demanded every energy, the fulK^i 
devotion, the loftiest self-sacrifice. There they stayed in "Caiii| 
Monmouth," perfecting in drill and all the other soldierlv a. - 
complishments, under the eye of their General, till the 22d <! 
May, when the dread order came from General Mansfield, con 
manding the Department of Washington, directing that imnu - 
(hate preparations be made for a movement. The day follow- 
ing, definite orders from the s.une authority supplied the needc ' 
information as to the objective of the proposed movement, ani 
the camp was accordingly (with many regrets) abandoned. 

There were then in and around Washington some thirto i 
thousand national troops under command of General Mansfield 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



So 



On May 22, orders were issued to him to occupy the Virginia 
shore of the Potomac and also the city of Alexandria. It was 
to participate in this moxement that the New Jersey brigade 
struck their tents on May 23, and abandoned the camp on 
Meridian Hill. General Runyon was ordered to be at Long 
Bridge at two o'clock on the morning of the 24th. In heavy 
marching orders the Second, Third and Fourth were paraded 
with one day's rations. Punctual to the moment of his order. 
General Runyon was on the ground. At the junction of the 
Columbia & Ale.xandria Railroad, wliere the engineers had 
staked it out, the boys began the work of throwing up a 
defensive work, and a lodgment had been made on the 
south side of the Potomac. The work of our Jersey boys 
didn't end here. The entire New Jersey brigade continued to 
work in relays of three hours until, with their brawny arms, a 
line of intrenchments and redoubts was completed, and to 
General Runyon's brigade of New Jersey soldiers belongs 



order to place shotted guns on the chain bridge and turn off the 
draw of the Long Bridge across the Potomac, and thus pre- 
vented our own soldiers, wild with excitement over the defeat, 
and while chasing the phantom of senseless stampede, from 
reaching the capital, where looters would follow ([uick in the 
footsteps of the flying.'' 

It is reported of the Hon. Benjamin Wade, commonly called 
" Old Ben Wade, " an erratic son of Ohio, who, not unlike many 
other civilians and non-combatants, went out from Washington 
to see the first great battle of the war, tliat when on the retreat 
he jumped out of his carriage on arriving at the point where the 
troops of the New JeVsey Brigade were stretched across the 
road checking the wild stamjiede of the northern army after 
the disastrous route at Bull Run and checking the pin-suit of 
the victorious southerners, and exclaimed : " Would to God 
we had more such men as these Jerseymen in the arm)-, we 
would not have suffered this defeat." 




VIEW OF NEWARK. N. J., IN 1892, I.OOKIXG SOUTH-WEST FROM CL.\RKS LHl .\1N K\ . 



the honor of completing the first regular work of llie war 
over which " old glory " flew. The most important place in a 
strategic point of view was that held by the New Jersey troops, 
with our own Essex County First Regiment to the fore front. 

Wf now approach the first great battle of the war, known as 
IkiU Run. the name taken fron-i a little stream running through 
the now famous ground. 

A writer, in speaking of the battle, writes : " When the battle 
was fought and lost to the nation's troops, yet it was no fault of 
the first New Jersey brigade or of General Theodore Runyon. 
When all was disorder and dismay- when many others had left 
their posts of duty and skulked away under cover of the night 
that followed the battle, the Jersey brigade was found standing 
as a wall between the enemy and the capital. Amid the tur- 
moil of defeat to our army, 'twas General Runyon who gave the 



The venerable Monsignor Uoane, of St. Patrick's Cathedral, 
who was chaplain of the brigade, had set up his altar in the 
little tent he was occupying on that Sunday morning of July 
2 1 St, 1S61, and when about to begin the services of his church, 
one of the first shells fired by the enemy crashed through the 
tent and knocked down his improvised altar, causing him to 
suspend mass for the day. 

AMBASSADOR RUNYON'S DEATH. 

THE ink on the above brief account of General Runyon's life 
and career had not become fairiy dry when through the 
cable came, under the great ocean, the sad announcement of 
his death at his Ambassadorial home in Berlin. A cloud of 
sorrow at the death of this great and good man quickly spread 
over his native land as the news of the great bereavement on 



:1G 



ESSEX COUXTY, X. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



electric wings flew from port to port, from place to place, over 
hill and mountain, 'riirougliout the length and breadth of the 
Young RejHiblic of the West the Hag, which he had planted on 
the walls of Fort Runyon nowlloating at half-mast, became the 
fit emblem of a nation in mourning over his loss. 

While m attendance at church the Ambassador was attacked 
with a chill. He quietly left his pew and endeavored to throw 
off its effect by walking to his home. It proved a hard struggle, 
:ind just as he reached his own door he fainted, and was carried 
to his room by a servant who quickly discovered him. Although 
he partially recovered and gave some attention to the business 
connected with his othce, yet in less than two weeks, and with- 
out warning and almost without a struggle, and near the mid- 
night hour, he ]>assed away, and New Jersey's son, who had so 
distinguished himself and so honored his native State, had gone 
to his reward. 

While Ambassador Runyon had lived out nearly a half-score 



FORT RUNYON. 

IN honor of the General who led the first New Jersey Ir 
to take the lield, the great earth-work constructe<l by tli. 
saine soldiers' own hands, was calle<l Fort Runyon, a letter 
from the Adjutant-General of the army granting to the soldiers 
who Ijuilt it. that distinguished honor. 

The First New Jersey l^egiment was almost exclusively 
Fssex and was officered by Essex County men, its Colonel 
being Adolphus S. Johnson; its Lieutenant-Colonel, }:iu 
I\-ckwell ; Major, William W. Michels; Adjutant, Joseph 1 ... 
win ; Ouartermasler, Theodore F. Ketcheni ; Surgeon, John J. 
Craven ; Assistant Surgeon, Edward F. Pierson ; Sergeant 
Major, George H. Johnson; Drum Major, Nathan I*. Morris; 
Fife Major, Elijah F. Lathrop, and fourteen musicians. CoIi'ih 1 
Johnson will be remembered as Jail Warden for many yens. 
and Colonel Feckwell, who afterwards became Sheriff of Es^t \ 




VIEW Ol NKW.VKK, N. .1., IN I892, LOOKING SOUTH-I'.AST IKOM CLARK S IHIMNIiV. 



more of years than the allotted three score and ten, yet, so well 
preser\ed he seemed, and such a beautiful rounding up of a 
marvellously successful life, was in the very height of consum- 
mation, and while he seemed marching with such sturdv tread 
along Time's border land, his brilliant career seemed not so near 
its ending. " Man proposes, but God disposes." 

For many years General Runyon had verily lived the life of the 
righteous, and was ever ready to meet the king of terrors. The 
sad news <>( his sudden death cast a dark shadow over the city 
of IJerlin. and the I'lmperor William (between whom and the 
Ambassador had sprung up a warm friendship), gave expression 
to the deep sorrow which he so keenly felt. 

After his body had been embalmed, all that was mortal of 
the beloved General, with Hags at half-mast, was tenderly car- 
ried on board ship for the voyage to his native land for interment 
near the gr.ives of his fathers. 



County. Many of the officers and men of the First, who went 
out under the three months' call, afterward returned to the 
army and won distinction on many bravely contested fields. 
The writer of this well remembers seeing Colonel Johnson 
brought into Yorktown, after ha\ ing been severely wounded, in 
the battle of Williamsburgh, whence himself and other Jersey- 
men had pursued M.igruder's troops after his evacuation of 
Yorktown. If memory is faithful, 'twas in this same engage- 
ment where General Ward received such wounds as compelled 
him to carry an empty sleeve ever after. As a tribute to his 
worth as an officer and gentleman, he was made Postmaster of 
Newark, and held the position for many years, honored and re- 
spected by all who knew him. 

Among the host of gallants who heard the first call are the 
names of Captain John I3rintziiighofTer, of Company A, Cap- 
tain William O. Timpon, of Com|)any IJ, Captain Thomas I.. 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



37 



Martin, of Company C, Captain Henry O. Beach, of Company 
D, Captain Martin B. Provost, of Company E, Captain Henrj' 
Bowden, of Company !•', Captain Heniy V. Sanford, of Com- 
pany G, Captain William H. Reynolds, of Company H, Cap- 
tain Jolm H. Higginson, of Company I, and Captain Charles 
\V. Johnson, of Company K, who eacli took out their company 
in the old First Keginient, under the three nionlhs' call, are 
worthy, one and all, to have their names kept fresh and their 
memories green in the recollections of every citizen of 
Essex County. Not these alone, but all the commissioned, non- 
commissioned officers and men who went to the war. deserve to 
have their names recorded on the roll of honor, inscribed as 
those who took their life in their own hands, and many of 
whom laid it down in behalf of liberty and union. 

A word or two to show how deeply the partisan was sunk in 
the patriot and how c[uickly and thoroughly party lines were 
erased, and these from the expressions of those holding pos- 



jaws of defeat. Gen. Kearn\', who was a trained soldier, was 
commissioned a Brigadier-General on July 25, 1861, and in the 
August following was assigned to the command of our New 
Jersey soldiers. When the news of his assignment to the 
command of the Jersey Blues reached their encampment, cheer 
upon cheer arose from regiment and com|)any, and the brave 
boys made the welkin ring over the announcement. Although 
Philip Kearny was born in New York city (which event took 
place in June, 181 5), he was a Jerseyman by adoption, and tlie 
house in which he spent his earlier life is yet standing on 
Belleville avenue, in the City of Newark, as are the old elms 
under w hich he played, and the mansion in which he lived at 
the time of his appointment stands among the pines on the 
beautiful high grounds just across the Passaic, in the town of 
Kearny, Hudson County, the town being named in his honor. 
General Kearny had a penchant for military life and this he 
showed as a boy, and as niaidiood lanie this penchant grew 




Vlt.W Ul' Nt:WARk, .\. J.. IN ISV-. i.i"ll^l^' 

itions of honor and trust, must suffice. Moses r.igelow, a 
democrat of the olden school, who was Mayor of Newark at 
the breaking out of the war, in a message to the Common 
Council, said : " I regard the union of these States as indis- 
pensable to the liberty, peace and prosperity of our people and 
the great source of happiness at home and honor and respect 
abroad. When conip.ared with the tpiestion of its preser\ation, 
the transitory issues of [larty should be regarded as mere 'dust 
in the balance.' " 

Henry A. Whitney, an Alderman, also a democrat, in offering 
a series of resolutions in Council, said : " It is the high duty of 
every citizen to ignore all past political issues, and rally under 
the banner of the stars and stripes in defense of the I'nion." 

GENERAL PHIL. KEARNY. 

IT was in this engagement that Gen. Philii) Kearny won his 
laurels in the internecine war, for indeed, it was he, on 
coming up with his Jersey boys, snatched victory from the 



.\(]KiH-WESl' I'RUM (.:l..\KK',S (.lll.MMi\. 

After passing through Columbia College he studied l.iw for 
a while, but his intense liking for military life led him to seek 
and obtain a lieutenant's commission in a regiment of 
dragoons, in which Jefferson Davis was a caiitain. la 1839 he 
was one of three United States' officers sent to France to 
pursue, by permission of the French government, a course of 
instruction at the Military School of Gaumor. He soon tired 
of the confinement which his student life imposed, and joining 
the French army he went to Africa. He was attached while on 
this service to the Chasseurs d'Afritiue and in two engage- 
ments distinguished himself. When he came back home in '41 
he was made an officer on the staff of General Scott, who had 
a hio-h admiration for his character and was ever desirous of 
having him near his person. 

All through the Mexican war he gave abundant evidence of 
rare skill as a soldier. Those who knew him will remember 
the empty sleeve he carried, and what masterly dexterity 
he exhibited in horsemanship, and w'ith what skill he handled 



.?.S' 



ESSEX COUNTY, X. J.. ILLUSTRATED. 



the sword and bridle rein with liis rijjht single arm, the other 
havinji l)een shot away at the famous battle of Churubusco, in 
which he performed prodigious feats of valor. His bravery 
and skill on that bloody field cost him all too dearly in the loss 
of his arm. but he won honor and fame, and the golden oak 
leaf w hich he afterwards wore as a major. 

After fighting for years the wild Indians in W'ashington and 
Oregon, who feared him no less than the great Indian fighter, 
the celebrated Custer, he resigned his commission and sought 
the excitement of Kuropeaii wars by joining himself to the 
French army as an aide-de-camp on tiie staff of Gen. Morris, 
taking an active part in the battle of ^olferino. His gallantry 
in that battle won for him the cross of the Legion of Honor, 
and this mark einbleni.itic of soldierly skill, bravery, honesty 
and daring was placetl on his breast by the French 
Emperor. Louis Napoleon. During his stay on the other side 
of the Atlantic he made his abode in Paris. In the spring of 
the year 1861, Phil. Kearny heard the tocsin sounding which 
told him of the dangers which threatened his home and fireside 
and he immediately set out for New York. While war was 
raging in the land of his birth, Paris had no attractions with 
force sulVicient to hold him. 



same. Is it any wonder that this lisse.\ County boy should win 
the title of '• Fighting Phil Kearny," when fear he never felt, and 
that danger lurked near he never knew, and 'twas a burning 

shame 

Tli.it he should not have the right, 
Where skill might conquer might, 
To die in the thickest of the fighl. 
The penalty is paid for being too brave, and the poet h.ul 
abundant reasons for saying : 

" Oh ! evil the black shroud of night at Chaniilly 
That hid him from sight of his brave men and tried ! 
Foul, foul, sped the bullet that clipped the white lilly. 
The flower of our knighthood, the whole army's pride." 

Kearny had faults like all other mortals. Those prominent 
were his impetuosity and his impulsiveness. Had he sent some 
unepauletted soldier to the ("hantilly reconnoisance, his name, 
instead of Grant's (a wfiter has said), might have stood on the 
pages of history as the great captain of the age. 

SUCH IS FATE. 

WHF.N he died New Jersey mourned his loss and honored 
his memory. He was given a splendid military funeral 
in Newark. A bronze monument erected to his memory adorns 



h 



S 




\IKW 1)1- MWAKk. .\. I., IN 1845. MXIKlNi; SI If t ll-l.AS 1 t Rd.M HIGH SIKKKT. 



No sooner had the good ship which brought him over touched 
the shore than he at once offered his sword to his native coun- 
try, and asked for a commission of the Governor of the old 
Empire Stale. .Strange to say, this was lefused, and the sword 
of this soldier of experience, bravery and of the highest repute 
lay rusting in its scabbord till the miildle of summer, chafing 
imder this enforced idleness and restraint and oft w-ithin hear- 
ing of the booming of the heavy artillery, which was almost 
music to his ears. Under such circumstances, what was more 
natural than for him to turn to New Jersey? Here Phil Kearny 
got recognition, and he had but to express the desire and a com- 
mission was at hand, bearing date of July 25th, 1861, and was 
signed by the Governor of New Jersey, His spirit was such it 
could not, nor would not, brook delay. " Like the fiery charger 
held in by the bridle, he was restive under idleness." 

Of the battles he fought, an<l the victories he won, and pro- 
motions he gained, we might write enough to fill every page of 
I-lssKX County, Nkw Jer.si:v, Ili.ustratkd, and yet be com- 
pelled to sigh for n)ore pages to fill of the life and deeds of this 
born soldier. We have said he was brave and daring, and now 
we may add that he was fearless to recklessness, for wherever he 
llashed the glittering steel and with magic skill controlled his 
fiery steed with bridle rein between his teeth, it was always the 



Military Park and another stands in the Library at Tienton. 
The body of this great soldier. Gen. Philip Kearny, who pos- 
sessed the factdty of making the warmest of friends and the 
most impl.ic.ible of enemies, slee|)s in the church-yard of old 
Trinity, in the city of New York. 

COL ISAAC M. TUCKER. 

LIKE many another brave spirit. Col. Isa.ac M. Tucker's body 
sleeps in an unknown grave on the field where he fell as 
brave men love to fall, if fall they must, with their face to the 
foe. The love I'.is soldiers bore for this ideal officer caused 
them to make fretiuent and persistent attempts to recover his 
body, but all proved failures. 

As it has ever been, the New Jersey soldier, wherever engaged, 
is found in the thickest of the fight, it seeming to be his fate to 
be at the point of greatest danger. So it was with Col. Tucker, 
In a note at ihe bottom of page 64 of Shaw's excellent work, 
we find the following tribute: "In personal courage, fertilitv 
of resource .ind readiness of apprehension, Col. Tucker had 
few- superiors." 

Col. Isaac M. Tucker's memory is cherished by all who knew 
him, not alone for his war record but also for the high qualities 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



.S'fl 



of riti/niship which he possessed 
and the true iii.iiiliness of the man 
who fell while rallying his men, in 
the thick of the fight, around tin- 
• 'colors, our glorious stars ami 
stripes," anfl who cried out, a^ 
some of his men were carrvinL.' 
him to the re.ir. " Never mind me. 
go ahead and give it to 'em." Al- 
though space forbids, wc cannm 
refrain from paying the tribute ni 
a nation to a few others of tli' 
many bra\e men — undaunted spirits 
who l.iid d(iwn their li\"es or lived 
to feel tile pang of wounds ri-- 
cei\i'd. Among the latter was 

MAJOR DAVID A. RYERSON 



Who is )et going out anc 
us. having recovered fro 



1 amoHL; 

the lei- 

rilile wound he received when he. 
too, was rallyin,g his men around 
"()ld Glor_\'," liis good sword flash- 
in.g high. As the Major fell with 
his f.ice to the foe. 




U sl'RI.\c.Ml-,LD .Wl.MK, .XLWAKK, N. .1., IJIDKIM. \\l..^l. 



CORP. JAMES MARSHALL 



Seized the colors and defiantly liore them awa\' and when too 
closely pressed, tore them from the standard and buried them 
out of sight. Major Kyerson is, at this writing, engaged in 
practicing his profession of law, and gives promise — so greatly 
improved is his health — of living long to <lo honor to the pro- 
fession he loves and rehearse the story of the Chicamauga light. 

CAPT, SAMUEL F. WALDRON 

Who had seen service with Walker, "the grey-eyed man of 
destiny," in the swamps of Nicaragua, and who earned the 
title of •■female honor protector" at Guadaloupe Church. 
'I'here the women had assembled, and to protect them against 
the assaults of the vde natives and his own beastial comrades, 
he placed himself in the doorway of the church and promised 
to " shnol down like a dog" the first luan who attempted to 
).iss. Capt. Waldron had long been assistant, under I'riiu ip.d 

Leake, of the Third 
Ward public school 
of the city of New- 
,nk. 'fhe writer 
well remendiers the 
(|niet little man with 
sp.irkling eyes 
seated in his tent at 
the head of Military 
Park engaged in 
enlisting men for 
Com|)any I, of the 
Thirty-third Regi- 
ment, and as he 
marched away as 
the modest Captain 
saluting him in the 
front of his rank 
and sa)ing what 
proved a last fare- 
well. Although a 
SETH BOYDEN, INVENTUK. man, pliysically 




speaking, not of giant proportions, he proved ;i target fair 
for the bullet of a Southern sharp-shooter who sent a ball 
through his heart while he was bravely moving his company 
forward. The shot which 

Stilled the pure licart 

Whose every pulsation 

Was in sweet unison 

With the good and llie true 

Was fired froiu behind the very house which his company 
occupied shortly after their captain fell. 

So highly was Capt. W'aldron regarded by the regiment, a 
detail to accompany his remains to Newark was made, and 
Capt. — afterward Major— O'Connor was placed at its head. On 
their arrival in Newark, his old friend Dr. M. II. C. Vail immedi- 
ately set about the work of honoring him with a military 
funeral. Through the assistance of others, the project was soon 
brought to a successful conclusion and his fimeral was con- 
ducted in old 1 rinity Church, \}v. Windyer jierfonning the rite 
and reading the service. After the services at the church, 
which were largely attended, the remains, encased in a lose- 
wood coffin (provided by Capt. William W. Hullfish, then as 
now. sexton of the church) and wrapped in the American Hag, 
was laid away in Fairmount Cemetery, Company A, Capt. John 
Brintzinghoffer. of the old First Regiment, leading the long 
procession of followers and luourners and firing the military 
salute over his grave. 

GEN. WILLIAM WARD, 
Who assumed command as Lieutenant-Colonel after Tr.iwin 
resigned, and led the old Eighth Regiment afterward in several 
desperate fights until, at the battle of the Second Bull Run. 
while marching at the head of his regnnent, he was pierced 
with five musket balls. One of these shattered his left 
arm which, though the surgeons believed him to be in a 
dying condition, was amputated. The wounds in his body were 
of such a serious character that he lay for several months in 
hospital before he could be removed to his home. It took a 
year and a half of the best skill of the surgeons and the kindly 
intentions of mother nature to so far heal his wounds as to 
enable him to get about. Gen. Ward was elected City Clerk of 



40 



ESSEX COrXTY. X. /., ILLCSTRATED. 



the city of Newark in iS66, and in 1S69 he was nominated by 
Gen. Grant for Postmaster of his native city. Gen. Ward 
continued to till the position of Postmaster with eminent satis- 
faction to the people till he was succeeded by the Hon. W. II. 
F. Kiedler. 

The hi<^h appreciation in which the General is held had a 
splendid conlirmation in his appointment by Gov. Parker as 
Ijrijjadier-General for long and meritorious conduct and service. 
He was ne.\t appointed as President of the Court of Inquiry to 
e.Namine into the matter of the disbandment of Company 1". 
Third Regiment, National (juard. 

lien. Ward was born in Newark. January 30, 1824. anil conse- 
quently completed his three score and ten on the 30th of January 
last. May the sands of his well spent life continue to run 
smooth till the summons which always comes to the }j;ood and 
the piue. "come up higher." 

The abundant good nature which permeated every fibre las a 
rule) of the New Jersey soldier was always finding vent, and 
especially w'as this so when the boys were ordered out on picket 
duty. A single example of the methods they einployed in reach- 
ing Johnny Reb : As they were doing duty, marching to .ind fro 
on the picket line, the work becoming monotonous and the 
tobacco getting short, our Essex boys shouted to the rebel 
picket then in sight, " Hello, Johnny, 1 say, hello I" "Hello 
back again, Yank," shouted Johnny. " Have you any good 
tobacco?" questioned our Jersey Yank. " I just have," answered 
Johnny, " and I do want some salt and pe|)per so bad." "What," 
said the Essex boy. " some of the same we gave you at (jettys- 
burgh?" "Oh, get out. What do you say for a trade?" 
" Come along," they responded in union, and the trade was 
made. .Such occurrences, we are informed, were quite common 
during army days on picket lines. 

GENERAL GEORGE B. McCLELLAN. 

N(J more fitting subject'could be found for a conclusion of 
what wc have had to say of the part Essex County took in 
the war of 1S61 to 1865 than a short sketch of General George IS. 
McClellan, who, when driven from the command of ihe y\rmy 
of the Potomac, found an asylum in New Jersey and filled u\) 
the hours of his enforced idleness in bringing into pl;iy his skill 
and experience as an engineer ;mil in beautifying the landscape 
of the home he had selected on the brow and simimit of the 
Orange Mountains, near that cidminalion of their rare beauty 
known as Eagle Rock. It goes without the saying th.it George 
li. McClellan was a master in the engineering art. 

Although not a citizen to the manner born, Esse.x County can 
claim him as .in adopted son, for it w.is on her soil that the 
hearthstone of his home lay, surrounded by his household gods, 
and where, now since the bugle note will never wake him to 
war again, he sleeps the sleep that knows no waking, in New 
Jersey soil, and where the spot is marked by a beautiful monu- 
ment erected over his tomb in the cemetery near Trenton by 
loving hands of those who stood near him during the hours of 
his severest trials, and where the battle was the thickest, bravely 
upheld his unfaltering hands. 

On almost every page of American history is found enrolled 
the names of her children who have contributed by their virtues 
and valor, their character and worth, to throw a halo of gran- 
dieur around and over each, and forming a constell.ilion of 
brilliancy with few parallels. Among these, and leading the 
host, are W.ishington, Eincoln and Grant, .Sherman, Hancock, 
.Sheri<l.in and McClellan. the latter, while a resident of our 
county, being asked to sheath the sword to take up the Gov- 
ernorship of the State. We might continue to read from the 
roll honored names who earned the right as citizens of New Jer- 



sey and to be partakers in the honor of wearing the famous 
Jersey Blue. A w-ord or two as to some of the characteristics 
of the home of him whose banner waved in victory over the field 
of .Xntiteam.and who led the Union hosts through the wilder- 
ness and hurled back the enemy from Malvern Hill, and whom 
the soldiers under him loved as the "apple of their eye," and 
who bore the favorite cognomen of Little Mack, will not be out 
of place. 

To get all tlie charm possible out of this enforced idleness 
McClellan filled in the time by converting the grounds of his 
mount.iin home into a landscape, beautifully located, where 
Nature's lovliness ([uickly felt the touch of his own master 
hand, and grew and expanded till it became the pride of his own 
heart and a rare exemplification of all that is lovely in artistic 
surrouiiflings and the added endearments of home. As an ex- 
ample of villa home lovliness, few places the writer has ever 
visited could excel the home surroundings of George B. Mc- 
Clellan at the time he was called away to take up the Governor- 
ship of the State in which was his adopted home. 

Whether this educated soldier, a thorough West Pointer as 
he was. really enjoyed the new life, even though eminent as it 
was. cerlainlv is a secret that was well kept. All who knew 
him intimately could not remain long in his company without 
discovering a peculiar, far-away look that beamed from his eyes. 
As he discoursed of the present there ever seemed a restlesness 
to reach out after the past, .and then should something per- 
chance come up of the " gone by," he seemed to regret it and 
had little power to restrain the welling tear or to hide the suf- 
fusetl eve, wliicli told all too pl.iinly how tender was the great 
loving heart within. 

On one occasion, when visited by the writer, he w-as found 
amid the wealth of fiowers and sweet shrubs of the grounds 
which he loved .md regretfully left for the reception room, to 
which we had been invited. After a few moments of general 
talk the conversation turned on the subject of our qiitst, ;i 
college friend whom we had learned had held the post of a 
lieuten;ml colonel on the General's staff while the latter was in 
command of the .'\rmy of the Potomac. As the General reached 
across the centre table and drew toward him a large album filled 
with photographs, his eyes became suffused with unhidden tears 
in answer, app.irently to our in(|uiry in reg.ird to him. After a 
moment's hesitation he tiu'netl a page or two. and placing his 
finger on Colonel Coburn's |)hoto, turned the book to us and 
with (|uivering lip said: " Uo you remember him?" "I do," 
was the reply. There was but little change, although more 
than a decade of our young years had gone by and this we sup- 
|ilcmented with the remark, since they had parted we had heard 
that Colonel Coburn had been ordered W'est, and there h.icl 
sickened and died. "Yes. he's dead," replied the General. " 1 
loved him dearly, .and 1 am told that the separation took such 
deep hold that the poor fellow really died of a broken heart." 
Light-hearted as the General naturally was, so much did the 
first Trenton order affect him that even after the soothing effect 
of the second order to Trenton, he, too, died of something akin 
to a broken heart. 

In the |)residential campaign of 1864 the great Democratic 
party of the nation made George B. McClellan their candidate 
for President. During the campaign which ensued, George P.. 
McClellan, at the request of Major ICdward H. Wright, visited 
Newark, and became the Major's guest at his father's home. 

Dr. M, H. C. \'ail, the writer of this sketch, made the address 
of welcome, to which the General made a happy response. An 
informal reception was held at the senatorial mansion, where 
m;my had opportunity to grasp the hand of one who held a 
warm pl.ice in the affections of the people. 



THE CHURCH HISTORY OF ESSEX COUNTY. 




: ( ) PLEASANTER duty floes the wri'injr of 
'■Essex County. N. J., Illustratkh " pre- 
sent, than that which her church history imposes. 
Although her church edifices as a rule do not 
vie in architectural grandeur with those temples 
of worship which in New York and Philadelphia 
are the pride of their people, and even though 
their spires do not reach so far heavenward as 
Old Trinity and others, vet in number and seat- 
ing capacitv thev present blessed church privileges to the 

people, when territory and populations are considered, in 

greater proportion, perhaps than either. Brooklyn City, which 

for manv years carried the 

banner with the inscription 

" The City of Churches." the 

same may now be said of the 

capital city of Essex County. 

Newark. She. too, is entitled 

to caiTy the banner inscribed 

with the same device. 

With a popidation of less 

than 250,000, more than 200 

churches open wide their 

doors and extend a hearty 

welcome to all who may come 

and worship at their leligious 

shrines. It is pleasant, again, 

to be able to indite the fact, 

apparent everywhere, that 

that blessed spirit of love 

which calls every man his 

neighbor, permeates church 

societv through and through 

and is rapidly driving out 

every vestige of illiberalism 

and denominational prejudice 

which have all too long been 

the bane of Christianity and 

acting as a clog to its spread 

and progress. The church 

people of Essex County ha\'e 

fully learned the beautiful 

lesson which toleration in- 
stils and can e.isily divine the mighty difference between the 

rich, mellow fruit which grows with such luxuriance on the 

denominational tree, and the bitter abortions which dwarf and 

destroy under the appellation of denominational prejudice. 

The beautiful truth so lovely and so inspiring is everywhere 

being learned that the fruit of tolerance is indeed sweet to the 

heart, while the fruit of intolerance, though fair to look upon, 

turns to bitter ashes on the lips that continue to sip, at the 

same time the glamour which so long hid from view the fact 

that there is no denominational dividing lines 

" In heaven above where all is love," 

is being rapidly turn away and that these names which have 
long been music to Christian ears, Methodist, Presbyterian, 




1731 1891 



FIRST rRF.SliYTKKIAN CHL'RCH. 



Baptist, Roman Catholic, Episcopalian, etc., are but pass-words 
to an entrance in the home over there, where denominational 
appellations in truth are afterward never s])oken, and the salut- 
ation, ■niv brother, my sister in Christ " is only heard. 

FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 

THE church history, proper, of the County of l-^ssex dates 
back to the year 1667. when the little congregation at 
Branford, Connecticut had resolved to join their brethren of 
Milford, who shortly before that period had cast their lot in 
Newark, on the Passaic. Or. Stearns, the histoiian of the Old 
First Presbyterian Church, says : " Indeed the Old Church in 
liranford. organizetl there twenty years earlier, has probably 

transported bodily with all 
its corporate privileges and 
authorities. Its old pastor 
was conveyed hither at the 
expense of the town ; ils 
deacons continued his func- 
tions without any sign of 
rea|)pointmenl ; ils records 
were transferred and it im- 
mediately commenced church 
work, and ils pastor was 
invesleil with Ins office .and 
salary on the new s])ol with- 
out any ceremony of organi/- 
.-iliirn or installation." 

Alllioiigh several of the 
iiienibers had lieen left at 
Branford. they had noregul.ir 
church organization until 
several vears afterwards. Mr. 
Pierson. the |)astor, was a 
strong as well as a godly 
man. His inlluence upon the 
new community was very 
great and largely determined 
ils character and career. He 
was a learned man. still fond 
of his books and study in 
these wilds. Just to think 
of it ! His library numbered 
four hundred and fifty vol- 



umes—a goodly library for the most refined centre of the new 
world, and of magnificent proportions for a clearing in the 
woods. Earnest, eloquent, godly, patient and devoted, he was 
beloved and esteemed not only by his own little flock, but by 
all the great and strong leaders of New England. 

If it were indeed true that there really is a fish in the sea 
called Lucerne, whose tongue doth shine like a torch, then it is 
but a trifling stretch to say that its illuminating power might be 
transferred to the human organ, and then as a natural se(|uence, 
the tongue of the first parson of the First Presbyterian Church 
of Essex County might easily have been reached. 

The church, as first settled, was on the Congregational 
order, and that of the most primitive and distinguishing type. 
In 1716, or shortly after, its form of government was changed 



42 



ESSEX COUNTY, .V. /., ILLrSTh'ATED. 



lo Presbyterian, and with the change 
of name came the change of spirit. 
The first meeting-house was con- 
structed in l66S. Five men were 
selected to superinteiul its construc- 
tion and were endowed with full power 
to manage its affairs. Modest, in- 
deed, were the proportions of tlie 
buildings, vi/, : 36x26 and 13 feet 
between the joints. Such wonderful 
care was exercised on the part of these 
five good men ;uk1 true, that nearly a 
year and a half of time h.ad slipped 
away ere the little church approached 
completion. When tinished, the little 
church building had what was termed 
a lenter or lean-to, which made the 
building 36 feet square. 

Pastor Abraham I'ierson led his 
little (lock into its sacred precincts for 
nearly twelve years, when God. whom 
he had faithfully served for many \ol^^ 
years, called him away to the better 
land. 

The building, which was known as 
Our Meeting House, had a stockade 
at each corner, rendering it more easily 
defencibic against attacks from the 
Indians. Instead of the huge bells 
which now call the people with brazen 
tongue, the roll of the drum announced 
the hour for making ready, then again 
lo announce that the church doors were open and the congrega- 
tion might enter. Not alone for religious service did the first 
setllcr-i nrriinv ili.-if .liiinl, ■ ii >,-,s their placc of :is<fiihl:ii:^e 




N lEKIOK OF llRSl' PKKSI! V 1 I'.UI .\N CHURCH, DURING CENIKNNI.M, CliLEBRATlON. 



marks 




INTEKIUR 1)1- I'IRST PRESnVTEKIAN CHURCH, DURING CEMENNI.\L CELEBRATION 



on all important ])ublic occasions, and thus it continued for tin- 
first forty years. That no monument, or simple slab, even, 
the spdt where the heroic old first pastor sleeps, is to 1» 
regretted. Even though the spoi 
where he lies buried is unmarked, yi t 
his memory is sound, and the spirit uf 
i!ie eminent divine moves on. 

The second minister to officiate in 
lie First Presbyterian Church was ,1 
iin of the first, a graduate of Cam 
■ ridge. A few years after his fatlui'- 
ileath he was removed from his pas- 
torate and returned to Connecticut. 
Ironi whence he was called to tin 
I 'residency of Yale College, which 
nice he filled but a short lime befon- 
iiis death. 

The Rev. John I'rudden. at the age 

<if foity-five, was settled as the third 

minister of the church and continued 

to be the pastor for about ten years. 

After his removal from the pastorate 

le remained in Newark, and lived a 

private life, beloved and honored by 

11 till in 1725, and at the ripe old age 

f 80, he died. 

About 1701, Rev. Jabez Wakeman, 

le fourth minister in the succession 

I' pastors, was installed. His ministry 

as of short duration, extending over 

l)eriod of but three years, when he 

(iied at the age of 26. In 1705-6, Rev. 

Nathaniel Uowers was accepted as the 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



43 



fifth minister. Mr. Bowers remained but ten years wlicn lie 
was dismissed, says the record, for reasons no longer known. 
During" his pastorate the congregation built a new church, of 
which stone was the material, a church which it was said was 
the fust in respectability and elegance in the colony. 

Not long, however, were this congregation of devoted Christian 
peoi)le permitted to enjoy their seating in the beautiful structure, 
since the legal fraternity were not long satisfied with glances 
alone, but after it h;id been newly covered and repaired in 1756. 
it passed into the hands of the County officials, and became the 
Essex County Court House. 

After the dismission of Rev. Mr. Bowers a long vacancy 
occured, during which a Mr. Buckingham officiated a few times, 
and it is said occasioned some excitement. At length, on Oct. 
21, 1719. I\ev. Joseph Webb was ordained here, and installed 



the students under the care of Mr. Burr, at Newark. On the 
permanent location of the college at Princeton, Mr. Burr was 
called to preside over it there. 

On June 28, 1759, Mr. Alex.inder McWhorter a graduate of 
the college of New Jersey, who had studied under the famous 
William Tennent, of Freehold, was called and when he preached 
his first sermon, the people " At once fixed their eyes on him, 
as the object of their united choice." Mr. McWhorter was 
ordained at Cranbury, North Carolina, on July 4, 1759. When 
the Commissioners from Newark appeared to rec|uest of the 
I^resbytery his appointment as stated supply among them, their 
prayer was granted at once and the same summer he was 
installed as the eighth pastor of this church. In 1764-5. a great 
revival was enjoyed in this church and many were converted. 
In 1766, Mr. McWhorter being in feeble health traveled and 




r.AKK PRESl'.VrERIAN CIIUKCH. 



as the sixth pastor of this chmch by the Presbytery of Phila- 
delphia, the Rev, Joseph Magee, Rev. Jonathan Dickerson, 
Rev. John Pierson and Rev. Robert Orr ofliciatmg ;it his or- 
dination. For a few years (observes the venerable historian) 
tranquilty reigned in the town, all were harmonious and all 
were avowed Presbyterians, btU contentions arising, some 
persons became dissatisfied and invited the services of an 
Eijiscopal clergyman. Not long after this Mr. Webb requested 
and obtained his dismission. Sad to relate, shortly after this 
himself and son were drowned while crossing the river at Say- 
brook, Connecticut. In 1737-8. Rev. Aaron Burr the seventh 
minister was settled here. Me was the father of the once 
celebrated Col. .-Varon Burr, once the \'ice-l'resident of the 
United States. In 1747. the college of New Jersey was insii- 
tuted and Mr. Jonathan Dickerson, was .appointed its first 
President. The following year he died, and the trustees placed 



was entirely restored, not the oidy one who has since journeyed 
that way to recover. In 1778 Mr. McWhorter received a 
degree of Doctor of Divinity from Yale College, and in 1779 
Dr. McWhorter, who had won world-wide fame as a minister of 
the gospel, was called to Meckelenburgh County, North 
Carolina, and placed in charge of the Presbyterian Church at 
Charlotte. Soon after his settlement there, the British army, 
under Lord Cornwallis, entered Charlotte. The Doctor and his 
family fled, his house was plundered, and nearly alt his property, 
his furniture and his library were destroyed. In the summer of 
1780 he returned to the North and engaged to teach at Abing- 
ton. in Pennsylvania, for the winter. The people of Newark 
hearing this, invited him to pay them a visit. He did so in 
February. 1781. In April they sent him a regular call. He 
returned with his family and though never regularly installed 
again, he officiated as pastor till his death in 1807. 



■J-t 



ESSEX COrXTV, X. J.. ILLUSTRATED. 



Up to this time I 1 7S5) what was known as ■•ihehalf 
wav praclice " was in vogue in the Presbyterian Churclies. 
'lliis meant that parents who had not sat at the coni- 
iminion lal)le themselves could present their cliildren 
for baptism. Tliis praclice the Doctor believed was 
contrary to the piimitive church, and was suppression 
of sound church government and discipline. In 1790 
that praclice was unanimously condenmed and candidates 
for admission were no longer to be examined by the 
minister alone, but before the whole sessions, a praclice 
uliich has prevailed ever since. It is generally beliexed 
that \)r. McWhorier was one of the chief investigatois 
of. if he did not actually write the famous document 
known as the Meckelenburgh Declaration of Independence 
and had verv much to do with the fury extended toward 
this venerable divine by the IJrilish. In 1801. Rev. Edward 
(Irillin became associate pastor. July 20, 1S07, Dr. 
McWhorter died, aged 73 years and 5 days, greatly and 
justlv lamented. In May, 1S09. Dr. Grillui was dismissed 
lo accept the chair of Sacred Eloquence in the 'I'heological 
.Seminaiy. at .Andover, Massachusetls. He afterward 
was pastor of ihe Second I'resbyterian Church, from 
which he was called lo become president of Williams 
College. Dr. James Richards was the next installed 
p.islor. as the successor of Dr. Griffin. This was in the 
spring of i Soy. and 1 he blessed connection was continued until 
1S23 when it was dissolved, that ihe Doctor might occupv the 
chair of Christian Theology in the Auburn Theologicnl Semin- 
ary, New York State. In June. 1S24. Ihe congregation called 
a licentiate from the Presbytery of Philadelphia, Rev. William 
Hamilton. 

This connection was continued under Cod's blessing from the 
dale of his ordination July 27, 1824. as the eleventh pastor in 
the line of succession, until Ihe call went forth lo Dr. Ansel 






.-l.l.n.M) l'Ul,SI!Vl tUIA.V tHUKCIl. 



SlXl'H PRF.RBYIKKI.W CHURCH. 



D Kddy. who served from 1S35 to 1S48, when a call w.is tikkK 
to Dr. Jonathan F. Stearns, Oct. 28, 1849. Dr. Slearns, ili' 
thirteenth pastor, continued to minister the affairs of this chun h 
until 18S3. when he was succeeded by the present occupant ••< 
the pulpit. Dr. D. R. Fiazer, who up to the present time: 
(1897) has conducted the affairs of this church on the higher lines 
of Chrislianiiy, with marvellous acceptability, and with enliic 
satisfaction as the fourteenth of the pastoral line, to all wlii 
drink from the fount of his le.irning at the foot of the Fii-.l 
Church pulpit. Few men have a higher standing in tlir 
Presbyterian Church, and the name of Fiazer is known .uil 
honored wherever the Gospel is preached. 

PARK PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 

DUKING the jear 1848, sixty-one members of the First 
Presbyterian Church organized a religious society under 
the style of the " Park Presbyterian Church of Newark, N. J." 

The lirsl pastor of the church was the Rev. Ansel D. Edd\. 
1) D. Among the original and charier members are the naim ■, 
of many who are well known in this city, as Stephen Dodd. 
J.imes 1 1. Clarke. 1 1 umphrey 1!. Dimhaiii, Richard Hall. Mari.i 
1^. and Sarah E. Searing, (ieoige C. Dodd, Edward A, and 
Amanda Crane, Ezra liolUs, llenjaniin F. Harrison, Ch.irles D 
Crane and many others. 

Among its earliest elders were Stephen Dodd, t)tis lioydeii, 
Kichard Hall. David C. Dodd. Terah Benedict, Lewis C. 
Glover, Stephen R. Grover and William Ashley. 

The session, in later years, has includetl Francis K. Howell. 
James S. Higbie, Stephen J. .Meeker. Dr. Edward P. Nichols. 
Elbert H. Baldwin. Edwin J. Ross. Joseph A. Hallock. Albert 
1" Freeman. James Mawha, William J. Rusling, Aaron King. 
Alexander Beach, Edward N. Crane, Elias F" Morrow, Edward 
E. Sill, Edward B. and George H. Denny. Hugh Haddow. 
Alvah W. Osmun and others 

Rev. Dr. Eddy was succeeded in the pastorale by Rev. Henry 
A. Rowland, D. D., Rev. James G. Hamner. D. D.. Rev. Joel 
Parker. D. D . Rev. Prentiss De Veuve. D. D.. the last named 
of whom was inlluential in securing the removal from P.irk 
street to the present site of the church, in Belleville avenue, 
corner of Kearny street. 



ESSEX COl'XTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



45 



The corner-stone of the new builthng was laid May 22, 1872. 
The dedication sermon was by Rev. William Adams, U. L).. 
October 6, 1S74. Dr. De \'euve resigned the |)astorale in 
March. 1879. 

In 1879 a unanimous call was extended to Re\'. J. Clement 
French. D. D.. who had been pastor of the Central Congrega- 
tional Church, of Pjrouklyn, for fourteen years, and of the West- 

inster Church, of that city, for live years. 

Dr. French was installed as pastor of I'ark Church in October. 
1S79. At that time the memliership was 164. 



apartments, were complete and dedicated on the evening of 
that day. 

Dr. French is still the jiastor, antl will complete his eigh- 
teenth year of service in October, 1897. 

SIXTH PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. 

WK FIND the efforts leading to the organization of the 
Si.\th Presbyterian Church somewhat hard to trace. It 
ajipears that Rev. -S. .S. Potter began services in this neighbor- 
hood March 5, 184S. On March 28 he was invited to preach for 




ST. PAUL'S M. E. CHURCH. 



From the first the seating capacity of the edifice was too small 
for the attendance. In 188411 became absolutely necessary to 
enlarge the building. On Sabbath morning, April 20, $iS,ooo 
were subscribed for this purpose, afterwards more. Work was 
at once begun. The cha|)el, Sunday-school rooms and the rear 
of the auditorium were taken down. 

On April 20. 1885, the church building increased in its seating 
capacity to about 800. and changed in all its interior architecture 
and adornments, a new chapel, Sabbath-school rooms, primary 
department room, bible class rooms, study and other necessary 



a term of six months at a salary of $100 for the whole time. 
It is curious to find that when this term of service had expired 
a meeting was held to raise the money which resulted in a total 
of $35 But the ladies came to the rescue and lielped out the 
balance with a donation visit. Mr. Potter's term of service 
was during the cholera epidemic and he writes that he had four 
or five funerals a week. 

The church was organized by a Committee of Presbytery, 
October i. 1848, in a little school hall in Union Street, near 
Lafayette Street. The committee consisted of Rev. Drs. Condit 



46 



ESSEX COUXTY, X. J., JLLLSTRATHD. 



and Brinsniaile ancl Rev. S. S. Holler, ami eUlcrs 11. Hunl and 
(). Crane. Dr. Gondii being prevented from attending by a 
funeral service, Mr I'ulter look his place as moderator of the 
iiieelinjj. The organization was effected with 36 members, si.vteen 
coming from the Third Church, nine from the Central Church, 
ihree from the First Church and the remaining eight from 
churches outside the city. So far .is is known, Rev. .Mr. Poller 
is the only person surviving who p.irlicipated in the organization 
and he is still active, being connected with a religious journal in 
Cincinnati. 

It was during Mr. Poller's term of service that a church 
edifice was .begun. This building still stands in Union Street, 
opposite Hainillon and is occupied by a congregation of 
colored people. It does not appear just when the Sunday School 
w.is organized but it was some months before the church, prob- 
ably earl\- in the year i<S4S. The first eldeis of the church w'ere : 
David Joline. Lemuel I". Corwin .uul ."Xaron C. Ward. The 
first tiiistees were; Horace J. Toinier. Robert Dodd. Aaron C. 
W.ird. Kphraim Tucker. Wtn. Douglas, Jabez Cook, Jr., and 
Isaac 11. I-ee. .A number of lhe.se names have been associated 
with the public life of this ciiy. 

The first regular pastor of the church was \Vn). Aikman, 
who was installed December 26. 1S49. and served the church 
for almost eight years. It was during this paslor.ite that the 
lecture room was built in the re.ir of the old church. Mr. 
Aikman is now living in Atlantic City where, until recently, he 
was pastor of the Presbyterian Church. 

The second pastor was \Vm. T. Kva, who was insl.illed Dec. 
16, 1S57, and served the church about three years, when he was 
called to the liethesda CluMch. Philadt-lphia. There he labored 




ri-lJlUK Ml-.Mi.ik:.\L l'..\PTl.ST CHURCH. 




.^wUIH UAI'ilbf CHUktH. 



during the remainder of his life. Mr. Kva's pastorate covered 
the period of depression just previous to the great Rebellion, 
and when he lift the chun h experienced much difficulty in 
secuiinga new pastor — so much so that they were almost ready 



to disband. Finally. Rev. James M Dickson was called and 
installed as pastor .March ri. 1863. Mr. Dickson served the 
church about si.\- years. It was during this pastorate that 
strenuous efforts were niade toward getting a new church 
edifice, but the scheme finally failed and m.uiy of the people 
lost all confidence in the intention of the U|)town churches lu 
aid the Sixth Church building enterprise. It was about this 
time that the Ladies' Parson.ige Association w.is formed, which 
succei-ded in securing the house that is the present |)arsona;.4e. 
at 124 I'.lm street. Rev. Dr. Dickson is now pastor of .1 
Reformed Church in Brooklyn, N. V. 

Martin f-". Ilollister was the next pastor and serve<l (liiiing 
the longest period of any pastor the church has had. lie w.is 
installed on June 4. 1S70, and resigned Deci niber 1. 1SS4. Mr. 
Holli-ter then removed to Chicago, where he labored in connec- 
tion with the Tract Society, and later as secretary and treasurer 
of the Congregational Seminary until he was taken sick and 
came e;ist to be amid home associations .ind in the siunnici ui 
1S89 departeil this life. 

The present pastor. Davis \V. Lusk. a life-like phoio of 
whom appears among the illustrations, began work on the first 
Sunday of April, 1SS5, an, I about two weeks later was installed 
by the Newark Presbytery, lie immediately set himself to the 
work of getting a new church edifice, and in the fall of that 
year put in working form methods for accumulating money to 
build. It was a long, hard task of over six years, but patience, 
perseverance and prayer made the efforts succe.ssful and on 
November 9, 1891, the present beautiful building at the corner 
of Union and Lafayette Streets was iledicated, with sufficient 
money pledged to meet .ill obligations. The total cost of the 
site and building furnished was about $48,000. The iledicalion 
sermon was preached by Rev. Charles H. Pnrkhurst, I) D.. of 
the Madison Square church. New York. Henry F, Ogden was 
chairman of the building committee and llalsey Wood, archi- 
tect. 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



The cliurch is unique it its arrangements and entirely modern. 
lit is heated throughout with hot water and the gallery is seated 
with upholstered opera chairs. The building is so arranged 
that all the parlors can be turned into the church and the 
speaker can speak to over one thousand people. The church is 
verv popular in the community and never has to close, summer 
or winter, for lack of a congregation. On the outside is a 
tablet bearing this inscription : " This church is conducted in 
the interest of the people outside of it." There are no pew rents, 
the church being su|iported by the systematic and voluntary 
offerings of the people. The effort is to create the right kind 
of spiritual atmosphere, to bring the Christ life and love and 
feeling into the church. The church has a well equipped Hoys' 
Brigade -the first organized in the city. The Christian En- 
deavor Society was the first organized among l'resb>terians 
here and tlie second in order of time in the city. 

The names of those who have served the church as ruling 
elders are as follows : David Joline, Aaron C. Ward, Lemuel 
F. Corwin, Horace J. Foinier, J. Sandford Smith, John D. Wood, 
Isaac Ogden, John C. Wilkinson, Wm. K Farkhurst, Job 
Haines, Jo.seph .\. Hallock. Wm. R. Barton, Henry E. Ogden 
The present officers are: Elders. — Joseph Clark, Henry R. 
W illianis. Alvin \'. Decker, Wm. H. Preston, Wm. McKenzie, 
.Abram I. Thompson. Deacons — Josiah Duncan, Wm. H. 
Davis, Thomas Thompson. Trustees. — Alvin V. Decker, presi- 
dent; Abram I. Thompson, secretary; Ernest C. Rcock, treas- 
urer; Lott Southard, M. D., Clarence M. Hedden, Fred. L. 
Eberhardt, Theodore T. Lawshe, Joseph W. Clark, Wm. H. 
Davis. 

SECOND PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. 

IN the former pari of ihe year 1810, a lunnber of individuals 
residing in the upper part of the town of Newark, and 
members of the first Presbyterian congregation, being impressed 
with the importance of having a Second Presbyterian Church, 
adopted incipient measures for the accomplishment of this 
object. A year before this, at a meeting of the members of the 
First Church, it was evolved, that it was •• advisable for this 
society to build another meeting-house;" but no successful 
movement was made, till the time above mentioned, for the 
establishment of a second church. On tlie iSth of June, 1810, 
the corner-stone of the church edifice was laid with appropriate 





THE NEW YORK AVENUE REFORMED CHURCH. 



IHIRU I>RESl;Vli;UI.\X CHUUCH. 

religious services by Rev. Samuel Whelpley. The building 
was dedicated to the worship of God. Seplendier 30, iSll. 

At a meeting of the congregation, held January 12, iSii, the 

following persons were elected Trustees, viz. : James Hedden, 

Joseph T. Baldwin, David Doremus. John N. Cumming. Marcus 

B. Douglass. James Conley and Theodore Fre- 

linghuysen. who took the oath of office April 

22, of the same year. 

At another meeting of the congregation, held 
J.inuary 23, 1811, of which Rev. James Richards. 
D. D., was moderator, a call was made out to 
Mr. Hooper Cumming. to take upon him the 
pastoral office among them. In April following 
the congregation was taken inuler the care of 
the Presbytery of Jersey ; and on October 3 of 
the same year. Mr. Cununing was ordained to 
the work of the Gospel ministiy. and installed 
pastor of the Second Presbyterian Church. 
Rev. Stephen 'I hompson preached the sermon, 
from I Cor. i. 21 ; Rev. James Rich.irds, I). D., 
presided, and gave the charge to the mmisler. 
and Rev. Amzi Armstrong, D. D., addressed the 
people. 

The church was organized in October. 181 1. 
At a meeting of the members of the churciT, 
held November 6, iSii, when a sermon was 
preached by Dr. Richards from Hebrew xiii. 1, 
the following persons were elected to the office 
of ruling elders, viz.: Nathaniel Douglass, 



48 




i.i.i . UK. i.L : 111.1.. 



ESSEX COrXTY. X. J.. ILLrSTk'ATI-I). 



Joseph L. Kein ami Aaron Ward, 
llie first two were also chosen and 
set ajiart to perform the duties of 
deacons. 

.•\t the organization of the church 
there were ninety-tliree members, 
all of whom were dismissed and 
recommended by the Kirst I'resby- 
Icrian Church. The whole number 
of persons wlio have been con- 
nected with the church is two 
thousand ei<jht hundred and thirty- 
-eight. Of these, one thousand 
five hundred and seventy-eight were 
received -on certificate and one 
thousand two hundred and sixty 
on examination. At the present 
time, the whole number in com- 
munion with this church is six 
hundred and twenty-eiglit. 

In November, 1895. the Rev 
Thomas Reed Bridges assumed 
charge of the pastoral office, and is 
now the pastor. 




v. c .^Ki. ^cuf.nk. 



EMANUEL M. E CHURCH (GERMAN). 

THIS church was founded in October. 1844. b\ the Rev. J. C. 
Sauler. who was sent to Newark by the New York Con- 
ference of the Methodist Episco|)al Church. Al fn si he held 
religious services in the Franklin Street Methodist Church, 
afterward in a school house in Bank Street. Here he met with 
much opposition. While preaching the word of Cod on 
the second floor, a noted Cjerman freethinker held lorlh on 
the floor below. Prayer and class meetings held in piivale 
houses were frequently disturbed. Yet the good man met with 
much success, and in October, 1845. the young society bought 
the old liaptist C^hurch in Market Street, opp.jsite the depot of 
the present I'ennsylvania Railroad, for S--500- When Rev. J. 
Sauter was transferred to another field of lalior in 1847, he left 
a memljership of eighty-five. A few prominent citizens of 
Newark took (|uite an interest in the new enterprife. When 



Messrs. D.ivid Wood, 
iiul Dennis Osborne, 



the .Society w.is incorporated (184;! 
Wm. li. Douglas. Cornelius W.ilsli 
together with three German brethren— l.eonh.irt Meyer. Louis 
Hagny and Christoph Stieringer -cor.stituled the first lioard of 
Trustees. Not all the successors of Mr. .Sauter were as fruitful 
■ IS he. Indeed, his immediate successor had to be de|)osed from 
the ministry. In 1848 the Rev. J Swahlcn. the first con\ert 
under the labors of Dr. Wm. Nasi, w-as sent to Newark to 
ie])air dam.iges, but he too was followed by an unwortln man 
who. however, was speedily removed. 

A list of succeeding pastors and the dates of the beginning 
of their labors may not be uninteresting: C. Hoevener, 1850: 
J. Sauter. 1852; !•". G. (Iratz. 1854; Wm. Schwartz, 1855: 
C. H. Aftleibach. 1857: J. Sauter. 1858 
J. F. Seidel, i860: F. W. Dinger, 1862 
C. Jo.st, 1866; J. W. Kieund, 1S69: I' 



H. Kaslendieck, 1S59; 
H. Kaslendieck, 1864; 
()uatl lander, 1S72 : II. 




KEV. I'AUl. ylArri.ANKKU. 



Kaslendieck, 1875 ; J. C. Deiningcr, 
1878; J. W. Freund, 1881 ; G. 
Abele, 1884: L. Wallon, 1887; 1'. 
Quattlander, 1892: .A. Flamm.um. 
1896. 

In 1871 the properly on Market 
Street was sold for $20,000 and 
the present edifice erected on the 
corner of Mulberry and Walnul 
Streets, at a cost of $33,000, in- 
cluding the buikling lots. An ex- 
cellent cut of the building will be 
seen on another page. 

The membership of the church 
is at present comparatively small, 
Very few of its original members 
remain, and the young people have 
lieen and are drifting away, seeking 
their church homes in English 
-.peaking congregations. Indeed, 
ihis church has been, to a large 
rvleni, a nursery for other churches. 
I here are scattered all over Newark 
in the English speaking Methodist, 




KKV. J. N. .MORKIS. 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



49 



resbyterian and other cliurches. those who have once been 
embers or Sunday School scholars of this church. Some 
[venty years ago the writer of these lines took pains to trace, 
|i far as he could, those who went out from this society and 
lined others, and to his own surprise found that the number 
■as very lartje, that if brought together they would fill any 
lurch building in Newark. Still the society is free from debt. 
?lf-supporling and gives annually from §Soo to $i.oooto the 
arious benevolences of the church. 

THIRD GERMAN PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 

rHE 'fliird German Presbyterian Church was organized 
Monday, March 30, 1863. in the Lecture Room of the 

th Presbyterian Church on Union Street, opposite Hamilton, 
h the same year the congregation bought lots corner Ferry and 
ladison Streets, where their first chapel antl parsonage were 
reeled. 

The Rev. Geo. C. Seibert, Ph.D., H. D., was the first 
lastor, viz.: from October, 1S63, until October, 187.-:. The 
iev. Oscar Is^raft succeeded Dr. Seibert. and remained until 
/larch 17, 1S74, when the St. Stephen's Church was formed 
rom part of the membership, with whom the Rev. O. Kraft 
vent. 

In the spring of 1875, the Rev. Julius H. Wolff was called, 
md was installed as its pastor on the ninth day of June, r875, 
vho is still the pastor of the church Under his administration, 
he old property corner Ferry and Madison Streets was sold, 
ind a new site corner Hamburg Place and Ann Street was 
lurchased in 1S82, 

In 1S83 the new church, as shown in the illustration, was 
jrected, with a seating capacity of 450. 




r 

i 
) 
i 
( 

/I 



/) 



\] 



^:- 



! 




/! 





NORTH B.\PTIST CHURCH. 



THIRD GERM.^N PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. 

In 1884 the parsonage was built, and in 1891 the first story of 
the Lecture Room was added, which was completed in 1895. 

The church has now, (1S97) 200 comnumicants, a nourishing 
Sabbath school with 400 scholars, and a thrifty Ladies' .Aid 
Society and a Young Peoples' .Aid Society. 

The property represents an actual expense of thirty-one 
thousand dollars. 

ST. PAUL'S M. E. CHURCH 

IN all probability, no church in Esse.x County has exercised a 
wider range of usefulness from the moment of its organization 
than St. Paul's M. E. Church, her history dating back to Feb- 
ruary, 1853, when she began her career with a roll of one hundred 
and twenty-two members. Of these, many were leaders in 
business and social life, and all were devoted Christians, 
Methodists, per se, and followers of Wesley, the divine. Full 
laden with aflilaties of love and with an ardency of effort 
which would brook no delays, a brilliant promise of success was 
present from the start. As above stated, the church organiza- 
tion did not take place until February, 1853. but from a charm- 
ing little tributary work from the pen of Mrs. A. F. R. Martin, 
entitled "A Glance backward," we find the following facts: 
" Forty-two years ago May, 1S96, a band of Christian workers, 
talking together, considered the subject of organizing a new 
church, and before they parted this church was successfully 
begun. For when did ever earnest disciples 'consider' a noble 
work without successful issue } " 

From that night, interest in the project never flagged, the 
workers never halted in their purpose. A few months after- 
ward the property on which this church stands was selected, 
and the first payment made. Two months later work on the 
chapel was begun. 

The enthusiasm of the little band continued unabated, and the 
work went forward rapidly. Another two months passed, and 



oO 



ESSEX COrXTY, X. ./., ILLUSTRATED. 



on February 9. 1S53. a diurcli was i)ri;anize(l Willi one liiuulred 
and twinly-lwo nieinl)cr.s, to be known as the Broid Street M. 
E. Church. Within llic week following a hall was rented in 
which to hold services until the chapel should be completed. 
The next Sabbath, Kebruaiy 20. 1S53. the tirsl sermon was 
preachet! l)y the Rev. Chauncy Schaffer, and the first Sunday 
School was assembled, with Klias Francis and Charles Camji- 
bell superintendents, both of wlinin served in this capacity for 
tifleen years. I'.otli are now gone to their reward, whil<- their 
children and children's children stanil in their places. 

In April, the Rev. Win. 1'. Corbett was appointed (lastor. 
On December 29. the chapel was opened for religions s< rvice 
and ten ihovisand dollars raised toward the church. 

In 1S54, Rev. Henry Cox was appointed p.islor; and work 
commenced on the church. .At the laying of the corner-stone 
October 26, six thousand dollars was subscribed. Febru.iry 26, 
1S36, the diurch was dedicated by liishops Simpson, Tierce 
and Jamts, of sainted memory. July 16, 1862, the pews were 
rented to the highest bidders, an innov.ilion foi the Methodist 
Church in those days. 

That the career of St. raul's (the new name adopted in 1865) 
has been truly phenominal none will doubt, and this partly 
accounted for by tlie fad that from the beginning she has num- 
bered among her membership many strong men and women who 
always stood ready to help, and were alw.iys willing Ui make 
the rei|nired sacrifice to push on the work of making St. 
I'aul's the e<pial lo any oilier Methodist church m the county. 

The noble self-saciihcing band of Cluislian men and women 
who have gathered around the shrine of St. Haul's from the very 
begining, labored ever to promote St. Taul's welfare, and insure 
the church's advance and prosperity, by bringing such an in- 
riuence lo bear on conferences that would prove irresistible in 
securing the appointment of men of elotpience and men of 
|)ower lo fill their pulpit — in a word, men whose words leaped 



#. 



■i|' 








^'.lln- 



THt GEkM.\N UNIIRI) KVANGEI.ICAL ST. .STEl'HKN S (_IIUI;CH. 



from lips which h.'i 
Altar Sacrilicial. 

And who, we ask. can say. we may when we mention the .', 
names of such briizht particular pulpit stars as Schaffer, Corbil '.' 
Cox, Lore, Arndt, Heston, \'ail, Haker. Hanton, Wilson, 
DashicU, Meredith, Tiffany, Sims, Todd, Baldwin, Boyle. Parson, 
and Baker again, all of whom have tilled the pulpit of .St. P.iul's, 
if it was not their burning words falling on the ears of the lens 
of thousands, who were irresistibly drawn within the influence 
of their religious field, while the dynamo of their power was 
sending volt after volt of gospel truth, against the citadel of 
sin, leading them In fall down like the jailer of old and cry 
out, " What shall I do to be saved ? " This had much to do in 
giving to St. Paul's the good name and fair fame enjoyed to-day. 
Speaking of these men Mrs. Martin says: "Seven of ihem have 
passed on at the master's summons, ' It is enough, come up 
higher.' " 

If meniorv serves us right, 'twas under the preaching of Dr. 
Dashiell, that he who was a lower of strength to .St. Paul's for 
the closing years of liis grand Christian life. General Theodore 
Runvon, our late Ambassador to C.irni.iny, was brought lo the 
fool of the cross. 

Mrs. Martin says: "Dashiell, a tower of strengh, with his 
magnetic presence attaching all lo him, and binding them with 
golden bands of friendship forever." Also she says, Corbil, the 
fearless warrior, who would take the kingdom of Heaven by 
storm. Conlin'iing, Tiffany the elegant, "as pleasant songs at 
morning sung, the words dropped from his tongue, sirenglhened 
our hearts." Space will not permit more, but with such an 
array of clergy, brilliant to " cast the net," it is little wonder 
that a multilude of fishes should be enclosed. Among those 
who have acted well their part, and have contributed of their 
worldly goods, mental love and of their influence lo make the 
church what she is, we have only room to mention Ambassador 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



51 



inyon, who, with tlie beloved Dashell, has 
en called up higher. It will be remeiii- 
red that General Runyon's Bible Class 
:d no superior under his influence. 
Ex-Judge J. Franklin Fort, who for a 
ore of years was Superintendent of the 
iijjbath School, Franklin Murphy. Esq, a 
iwer of strength in deeds of beneficence. 
;rs. A. F. R. Martin, from whose sketch we 
iive quoted, Mrs. E. B. Gaddis, and many 
hers wliom it would be our delight to 
ake record of in "ESSEX COUNTY, N. J.. 
.LUSTRATED." In the membership of St. 
lul's, there is material abundant for a 
and army devoted to the spread of truth, 
e upbuililin" of Christ's kingdom on e.irlh. 



REFORMED DUTCH CHURCH 

rHE Reformed Dutch Church, which 
stands on Springfield Avenue, corner 
New Street, is one of the oldest in the 
llage, having been in e.\istence when the 
Uage was known as Clintonville. On thr 

!j ternoon of June 23, 1839. the Clintonville 
abbath School was organized in the school 
)om belonging to Alvah .Sherman. At the 
me of organization tlie scholars numbered 
hout fifty, and the following officers were 
lected : Patron, Isaac Watkin ; Superintendent, William M. 
ummers; Librarian and Secretary, Alvah Sherman. Public 
forship was held regularly on each succeeding Sunday in the 
ame Ijuilding, when there was volunteer preaching by well- 
nown ministers. 

At a meeting of the Reformed Church Classis of Bergen, 
I. J., held Tuesday, January 14. 1840, a petition for the organ- 
:ation of a Reformed Dutch Church, and signed by sixty-seven 
f Irvington's then best known citizens, was presented. The 





GR.-\LE EVANGELICAL ENCH.ISH-Ll'i H EK AN CHURCtl. 



petition was received with much favor by the classis, and the 
request was granted On Stmday, February 2, 1840. the Re- 
formed Dutch Church was organized, with William Ashley and 
Isaac Watkins as elders and William Summers and Abraham 
Baldwin as deacons. Services were held in the school room of 
Alvah Sherman and the first sermon was preached by Rev. J. 
Garretson, of Belleville. Rev. John A. Staats, of New Bruns- 
wick, was installed first pastor of the church, Decemlier 10, 
1840, and he remained with tlie church for one year. 

The first church building was 
erected in 1842, and was dedi- 
cated Wednesday, December 
28, of the same year, at which 
time the installation of Re\'. 
luhn L. Chapman took place. 
Rev. Mr. Chapman, who has 
since dietl, preached in the 
church until 1849, when he 
resigned. He was followed by 
Rev. James M. Bruen, who 
preached until 1S52, and who 
was succeeded by Revs. James 
Devine and A. McKelvey. and 
in 1861 tlie late Rev. Henry 
V'eshlage was chosen and re- 
mained until his death, which 
occurred in March. 1894. 

Since the death of Rev. Henry 
\'eshlage a number of able 
iiiinisters have preached to the 
congregation on trial, but a 
choice was not made until July, 
1895, when a unanimous call 
was extended to Rev. David H. 
Chrestensen, of Milford, N. Y. 
Rev. Mr. Chrestensen W'as born 
at Andes. Delaware Countv.N.Y. 



CENIENARV .^L E. CHURCH. 




ESSEX COUNTY, X. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



In 1S84 lie graduated from llie 
Delaware Literary Institute, in l889' 
from Hamilton College at Clinton 
N. Y., and in 1S92 from Auburn Theo- 
logical Seminary. He then accepted 
as a charge the pastorate of the 
Milford, N. V., Presbyterian Church, 
which he held at the time of his call 
to Irvington. Mr. Chrestensen is an 
untiring mission worker and spent the 
entire summer of 1 S90 in North Dakota 
doing Sunday School mission work. 

During the suminer of 1891 he 
preached at Amboy. N. Y. 

The church at present is in a very 
united and prosperous condition and 
with their new pastor and a new two- 
manual pipe organ, they expect lo 
build up the church to its standing of 
former years. It is proposed to make 
the musical services a special feature, 
as there are some very fine trained 
voices in the choir. 




KKV. III.IUS II. WOI.FF. 



KEV. (HAS ll.XSTlNGS OOIID, l>. I> 



T' 



THE GERMAN UNITED EVANGELICAL 
ST. STEPHEN'S CHURCH. 

Mils church is located on the corner of Ferry Street and 
Hamburg Mace, and was organized on March 17, 1874. 
Kcv. (). H. Kraft was their first minister. .Services were 
held in Mr. Reichert's carpenter shop on \"an Huren Street, 
until the church was erected and dedicated, on Dec. 13. 1874. 
The cost of the building was about §28.000. 

Rev. O. II. Kraft left the congregation through the summer of 
1878, and followed a call of St. .Marcus Congregation, in Buffalo, 
N. Y. His successor is Rev. R. Katerndahl, who was at that 
time pastor in his first congregation in Illinois. Under his lead- 
ing the congregation grew slowly but surely, and counts at 
present a membership of more than four hundred families. 
The trustees are, C. Eggert. J. Scheel, P. Schiickhaus. Ph. 
Melz, C. Hammel, T. Schaut/ and J. Sliehl. The elders are 
J. Waltz, Ph. Kaufmann, G. Fey, G. Wetzel. H. (Jeppert; 
organist, and Ludwig Wagner, sexton, filling their place as long 
as the church has stood. 




KKV. A. 1 LAMMANV. 



and sisters, bearing a _ 
dismission from the First Church, met 
in that house of worship to organize 
what was then named and is still 
called, the South Baptist Church, of 
Newark. By rising they formally 
entered into fellowship, and then 
proceeded to elect ollicers and adopt 
a covenant and articles of faith. 

At a subse<iuent meeting, eight 
others were received as constituent 
members, making a total of forty-five; 
and on the first Tuesday of March 
public recognition services were held. 
Henry C. Fish offered the prayer. E. 
L. Magoon preached the scimon_ 
Henry V. Jones gave the hand of 
fellowship, and Simeon J. Drake de- 
livered the charge. Of these honored 
brethren, the preacher of the sermon 
only remains to share in the conflicts 



SOUTH BAPTIST CHURCH. 

IN TRACING brietly the rise and growth of the South 
Church, it is but just at the outset to say, that it originated 
in no selfishly factious or partisan spirit, but in profound and 
sacred convictions of duty, and in an honest, earnest purpose 
to extend the kingtlom of the Lord Jesus, and advance the 
views which Baptists hold. With the movement the Mother 
Church was in fullest sympathy from its inception till its success 
was perfectly assured. Those who remained in the old home 
on Academy Street and those who went out to set up house- 
keeping on Kinney Street coun.seled over the enterprise together, 
prayed over it together, gave of their means for starting it 
together, and when the time came for separating they went 
apait, not as contentious children who could not abide under a 
common roof, but as loving members of a single family, invok- 
ing on each other the best of lilessings. We mention this 
simply as an illustration of Christian large-heartedness, and " to 
the praise of the glory of His grace." 

On the evening of February 18. 1850. thirty-seven brcthien 
eneral letter of 




ESSEX COUNTY. N. /., ILLUSTRATED. 



53 



|ancl conquests of the militant church. At the time of the 
[recognition. Dr. Hague had ah'eady been called to the pastorate 
tand the sanctuary on Kinney Street was well under way. The 
lecture room of the new house was occupied on the 14th of 
April, and on the 18th of July the finished structure, free from 
debt, was set apart to the worship of the Most High. Three 
: years of abundant prosperity were vouchsafed, during which the 
I membership grew to more than 200, and then, greatly to ihe 
egret of his people, the first pastor went his way. 

In March, 1S54, Dr. O. S. Stearns, now a professor in the 
; Theological Seminary at Newton, Mass., was called to the 
vacant place, but before a year had passed the brethren at 
Newton Center, coveting earnestly the best gifts, were seeking 
to allure the pastor to that field, and presently their persuasions 
prevailed and the South Church again was shepherdless. 

In the autumn of 1855, Dr. James L. Hodge succeeded to the 
charge. Some gracious ingatherings were enjoyed, and the 
general interests of Zion were well maintained. Two years, 
however, brought the relation to an end, and now for eleven 
months there was a dependence on supplies. 

In October, 1858. Dr E. M. Levy, of Philadelphia, began his 
labors — labors which extended over a period of ten years, or 
double the time covered by any other pastorate. During this 
term the church edifice was remodelled and beautified, the organ 
purchased and revival mercies extensively enjoyed. 

Dr. John Dowling came next, and remained for three and 
one-half years. He gave to the South Church about the last 
pastoral service of a life which was abundant in labors, fruitful 
in results, and is fragrant in memory still. 

Dr. George A. Peltz was Dr. Dowling's successor. He min- 
istered to the flock acceptably till the close of 1875, when he 
resigned, to give himself more exclusively to Sunday School 
work. 

In the spring of 1876, Dr. Charles Y. Swan took the charge. 
A strong spirit overestimated and so overtaxed the frail body 
that housed it, and amid displays of saving grace he was laid 
aside, and after months of wasting, bravely borne, he was not, 
for God took him. 

In November, 1880, Rev T. E Vassar, D. D., became pastor, 
remaining with the church seven years and laboring with great 
efficiency. He was succeeded by Rev. John English. 





TRINITY REFORMED CHURCH. 



CHRISTIAN CHTRCH, 1 RVINCTI )N'. 



The present pastor (1897), Rev. R. M. Luther, D. D., assumed 
this relation June i, 1891. The ofilcial list of the church. May, 
1897, is as follows: Pastor, R. M. Lulher, D. 1). Deacons. — 
ferome Taylor, John C. Boice, Thos. S. Stevens, N. A. Merrit, 
Arthur W. Palmei. Jeptlia D. Runyon. Trustees. - Caleb H. 
Earl, Samuel O. Baldwin, S. O. Nichols, Wni. F. Utter, J. D. 
Runvon, Walter Drake. Clerk of the Church, Sayres O. 
Nichols. 

THE NEW YORK AVENUE REFORMED CHURCH. 

THE New York Avenue Church was first organized as the 
Second Reformed Church in 1847, and its first house of 
worship was built at the corner of Ferry and McWhorter 
Streets, the next year. 

In the year 1888 the church removed to the chapel already 
completed on the new site at the corner of Pacific Street and 
New York Avenue. 

The corner-stone of the new church was laid October 6, 
1891, and on Deceinber 5, 1892. the present house of worship 
was dedicated as the New York .Avenue Reformed Church. 
The following is a list of the pastors of this church : Rev. 
Gustavus Abeel, D. D , 1850-1865; Rev. Matthew B. Riddle, 
U. D., 1865-1S69; Rev. Cornelius Brette, D. D.. 1870-1873; 
Rev. F. V. Van Vianken, 1S73-1880; Rev. John A. Davis, D. D., 
1SS0-1889; Rev. A. J. SuUvian. 1S90-1891 ; Rev. John S. Allen, 
1892. 

The present pastor began his work in October, 1892, with a 
new church but a heavy debt of some $15,000. This debt was 
raised, and the Christmas bells of 1895 rang in a free church. 

The church is a model of architectural grace and is finished 
in pressed brick, trimmed with brown stone. It has a large 
auditorium with a seating ca|)acity of over 700. The acoustic 
qualities are perfect. 

The founder of this church, througli whose efforts it was 
established, was the Hon. William H. Kirk, who for nearly fifty 
years was an officer and leader in the work of this church. 

Foremost among the supporters of this church is Mr. Joseph 
S. Mundy. to whose generous gifts the success of the church is 
largely due. 

The church, through the Richard's Trust Fund, maintains 
an industrial school on Clover street. 



ESSEX COrXTY. X. /., ILLUSTRATED. 



THE FIRST GERMAN BAPTIST CHURCH. 

IN 1839. Kcv. K. A. Fkischiiianii iRj^an to prtacli m llu- 
Gcrinans of Newark, and made llu- iKginninj^ of what was 
to liecomi- tlio I'iist German Haplisl Church Those wlio were 
convened al lliat time, became mend)ers of En<;lish cluirches. 
until the I'lerman church was formally organized in 1S49. Rev. 
S. Kiiepfer became the tirsl pastor. He served the church until 
iSjr, when he was succeeded by Rev. A. Hueni. Al that time 
the church had only thirty niend)ers. After a successful pas- 
torate of four years he resiijned. leavinjf the church with a mem- 
bership of llflv-ei.siht. In 1856. a call was extended to Rev. C 
Bodenbender, who served the church for five years. 

Until 1 86 1, the work suffered greatly for want of a house of 
worship, the church havini; met in rented roonis often unfavor- 
ably located. At this time, the (lerman Presbyterians on 
Mercer Street (now located on Morton street) offered iheir edi- 
fice (or sale. This was |)urchased and repaired, .ind served as 
a house of worship untd 1S74 In 1862, Rev. J. C. Haselhuhn 
accepted the call of the church. He remained until 1S69, and 
the church jjreally increased in numbers Durin;^ his pastorate 
a mission was started in the 12th ward, which subsequently 
became the Second German Baptist Church, cor. Niagara .ind 
I'aterson streets. 

The ne.\t pastor was Rev. H. Trunipp. During his pastorate 
the present church edifice was built Rev. G. Knobloch served 
the church for tifteen and a half years. The present pastor 
(1897) Rev. F. Niebuhr. has been with the church since 1892. 
The church is in a prosperous condiiion, having a membership 
of 277. A ladv missionary. Miss C. Kraft, works in connection 
with the church. The board of tnjstees consists of the follow- 
ing members : A. Huermann, President : J. Klausmann, Secre- 
tary ; J. J. II. Mueller, Treasurer; C. Huber. G. Bauer, K. 
.Schmidt, F. Nuse. The church has two Sunday Schools, of 
which, H. U. \'ogt is Superintendent ; F. Sorg, Vice-Superin- 
tendent : H. Sauermann. .Secretary. There is also a Woman's 
Society, Mrs. J. Klausmann, President ; Mrs. J. Nenninger. -Sec- 
retary ; Mrs. C. Huber. Treasurer. A Young Peoples' Society. 
H. IJ. \'ogt. 1 resident ; E. Wohlf.irlh, Vice-President ; A. Mar- 
(|uardt, Secretary ; C. Koos, Treasurer; and a Society of Willing 




FIRST CKRM.W tl.M'TIST I IHRl H. 

Workers, of which. Miss I-^ Wohlfartb is leader. Mr. J. Zim- 
niermann is organist of the church and Mr. D. All, leader of 
the choir. 

TRINITY REFORMED CHURCH. 

IN 1830, a .Sundav School was organizcil by Mr. Thoma-- 
W'ebb, in his foundry house, a building then standing on 
lower I'erry Street. Soon after, the school was removed to a 
Union chapel erected al the corner of Bowery and Ferry Streets 
A number of the teachers were members of the Second 





TEMI'LE BNAI JESHURAN, 



DUICH REFORMED CHURCH. 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



55 



Reformed Chuicli then under the pastoral care of Dr. 
G. Abeel. The Union enterprise not provin;^ a success, 
the Second I^eformed Church assumed its support and 
care. In 1859. a frame chapel was removed from 
McWhorter Street to a lot on Ferry Street, given by Miss 
Elizabeth Richards, a teacher in the school, who took a 
great interest in its success. At her death a generous 
be(|uest of some two acres of land to the Second Ke- 
forined Church, for church purposes, made (H-rmaiient 
the enterprise. In Oct.. 1S69, a petition with twentv- 
fi\e names signed thereto, was presented to the chassis 
of Newark, asking for the organization of the East 
Newark Reformed (Dutch) Church. The Classis ap- 
pointed as a committee for that purpose, the Rev. Drs 
G. Abeel. E. F. Terhune and elder .Aaron Baker. On 
October 27, I.S69. the organization was effected and its 
first consistory with two elders. Nelson Jacobus and G. 
L. Van Emburgh, and two deacons, Nathanial Richards 
and J. H, bpiciloman ordained. On Dec 1 5, 1869. the Rev. 
I. P. I'lrok.uv, a graduate of the New lirunswick Semi- 
nary, was ordained and installed jiastor. 

At the meeting of the general Synod in this city, June. 
1870, the corner-stone of the present structure w.is 
laid. In the the early spring of 1871, the church was 
finished an,! dedicated. The congregation has been 
ministered to liv seven pastors: Revs. I. P. Brokaw, 
C. R. Blauvelt. C. H. F. Kruger. Theodore Shaffer, I). 
Chas. Preyer, R. I'. Millekin and J. N. Morris (1897). the 
present incumbent. Two of these Revs C. H. F. Kruger 
and R. P. Millekin, died in its pastoral service. By 
consent of the Classis the name has been changed, and 
the church is now incorporated under the name of Trinity 
Reformed Church, Its present membership is nearly 
200, and its Sunday School, superintended by Mr. 
Jacobus, numbers over 400. The primary department, under 
the direction of Mr. William Jacobus, forms a promising 
feature of the church work. The societies are Ladies' Aid 
Societv, Young Peoples', S. C. E. and King's Daughters. 




VVm. 




EMM-\NUEL REFORMED EPI.SCOP.A.L CHURCH.— INTERIOR VIEW. 



EMMAMKL REFORMED FPISCOP.\L CHURCH. 

EMMANUEL REFORMED EPISCOPAL CHURCH 

THE church was organized under the preaching of l^ishop 
G. D. Cummings, of Pennsylvania, a pulpit orator of re- 
markaole power. His first sermon was preached in .Association 
Hall, to a large congregation assembled from nearly all the 
churches in Newark, but more 
especially from the Protestant 
Episcopal denominations. The 
congregation increased rapidly, 
many of the Episcopal brethren 
leavingthe mother church, and cast- 
ing in their lot with the reformed. 
The writer of this article well re- 
members the occasion, when the 
eloquent man held forth, and him- 
self listened to the foundation 
sermons, upon which was estab- 
lished this now large and influen- 
tial church. It is a little more 
than twenty years ago, when Dr. 
Howard Smith was settled as 
])astor over the little tlock. which 
had gathered around the standard 
set up by the Bishop. On Oct. 1 1, 
1876. the corner-stone of their first 
church was laid at 76 Halsey Street, 
.111(1 the church was opened for 
service Marcli 4, 1877. Here the 
congregation worshipped and grew 
in membership and in strength, 
until the little church became too 
small and inconvenient. The fare- 



56 



ESSEX COUNTY, X. J., ILLUSTRATED. 




KKV. RICIIAKO KATEKNDAIll.. 



well was taken of the old cluirch 
on Fcbiiiaiy 19. 1S95, and the 
estate sold to Hahne & Co. On 
July 22. t895. ''"^y '■'"'' ''1^ 
corner-stone of their beautiful 
and commodious new church 
building at the corner of Broad 
Street and Fourth Avenue. The 
new Emmanual Reformed 
Church buildinf; cost about 
§40,000. and stands a monument 
10 the /eal and perseverance of 
a church membership, as devoted 
as any in the city of Newark, or 
county of Essex. 

With such determined Christ- 
ian spirits at the helm, and such 
('.ireful business men to man.i^e 
its tlnanci.d affairs, it is liulc 
uonderthat the con,gregation is 
practically out of debt. The 
building cnmmittee consisted of 
Rev. John Dennis, M. U., 
George C. Miller, C. W. Douglas, 




RKV. DAVIS U. rUSK 



William Selby, li. C. (Ireason. J. H. Wrigley and E. \V. 
Hammer. The Ennnanuel Reformed has had but four rectors. 
Rev. Dr. Howard Smith. Rev. E 15. England, Rev. John Dennis 
M. D. and the present rector (1897), Rev. Geo. Savary. Bishop 
W. R. Nicholson, of the Synod of New York and Philadelphia, 
formally a rector of Trinity Church, ])reached the dedicatorv 
sermon. The fellowship meeting of the latter occasion was 
most interestin,g. and was attended by a large number of the 
evangelical clergymen of Essex County. 

The new church building, which ap|)ears among the illus- 
trations, was built from the drawing furnished by Philip Hemy 
and Walter d. E. Ward, the architects employed. The build- 
ing is of the meiliiuval style of architecture, and is constructed 
of Indiana lime stone with the base of Belleville brown stone. 
A ninety foot tower surmounts it upon which is to be placed 
a dock It has a seating capacity in the main auditorium of 
four hundred, and a gallery accommodating one hundred. Tin- 



Sunday School rooms are separated by sashes, which can be 
slid back thus doubling the seating capacity. In the basement 
is a dining room and kitchen furnished with all the modern 
cooking utensils. The heating is done on the direct radiation 
plan. Fresh air from outside is furnished every twelve minutes, 
by a large fan driven by a dynamo. Electricity will be used 
to light the church, as well as to furnish power for the great 
organ. The Rev. Dr. Savary, a man of elocpience and pulpit 
power, continues to occupy the sacred desk and is the iilol 
pastor of a devoted and working congregation. 



IN June, 
1 and ; 




KKV. J. S. Al.l.EN. 



SECOND GERMAN BAPTIST CHURCH. 

1863, through the efforts cif tin- Re\ . J. C. Ilassclhuhn 
several mend)ers of the First German Church on 
.Mercer Street, the Second German Baptist Church was founded. 
.\ pri\ate dwelling house in the twelfth ward was rented, and 
a Sunday School was started with ICX) children, 16 teachers and 
oflicers. The good work pro- 
gressed, and with the aid of the 
City Mission Board, a neat little 
chapel was erected corner Niagara 
and Patterson .Streets, and the ser- 
vices of Rev. A. Transchl were 
engaged. After three years of 
faithful labor, he was succeeded by 
the Rev. J. C. Kraft, who was 
called to the church in 1S67. Under 
his pastorate, and with the advice 
of the City Mission Board, the con- 
gregation was organized as an in- 
dependent church on April 28. 
1S75. Rev. J.C. Kraft becoinin.g the 
t'nst regular installed p.istor. Hi 
worked earnestly for the success ol 
the church, and during the eleven 
years of his pastorate did Tiiuch to 
uplift those committed to his can-. 
He was succeeded by I he Rev. John 
jaeger, a student at the Seminar\ 
of Rochester, New York, who 

RKV. DAVIIJ n. CHRKSTENSKN 




ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED 



57 



llabored with the churcli for nearly two years. In 
18S4, Rev. William Sciiuff took charge, and labored 
for about eleven months. He was followed by the 
Rev. A. Brandt, who served the church faithfully 
for the period of seven years. In January, 1893. 
the church extended a call to Rev. C. Schenk, 
the present pastor, under whose able management 
the new and elegant brick church edifice, w'hich 
appears among the illustrations, was erected and 
dedicated December, 1895. Rev. C. Schenk is un- 
tiring in his efforts to promote the w-elfare of his 
]ifople. There is a Young Peoples' Society con- 
nected wilh the church, and a Sunday School, o\er 
which Mr. William Pfennig is the Superintendent. 
The present trustees are August Iluermann. John 
P. Gerber, Philip Reuter, William I'fennig and Jnhu 
Gerner. 

GRACE ENGLISH LUTHERAN CHURCH 

THLS Church, as its name indicates, was organ- 
ized chiefly for the children of German 
Lutherans, though its work is not confined to 
them. But its special object is to reach that large 
number of English-speaking Germans and their 
children, who otherwise must be deprived of the Gospel as 
taught in the Lutheran faith. 

The church was organized in 18SS, and for years worshipped 
first in the old Library Hall, and then at 870 Broad street. 
Finally the congregation grew bold enough to attempt to secure 
a property of its own, and so came into possession of the 
beautiful and churchly structure on Mercer street, near High 
street. The church was dedicated May 19. 1S95. 

Since the congregation has been in its new building, the work 
has been very successful. Rev. M. S. Waters is the pastor 
of the church. He came to Newark from Indiana, taking 
charge of the work June 3, 1893. 





ST. JOHN'S GERMAN EVANGELILAL LUTHERAN CHURCH. 



SECOND GERMAN nAPTLSf CHt'RCH. 

ST. JOHN'S FIRST GERMAN EVANGELICAL 
LUTHERAN CHURCH. 

THE oldest of the German churches of Newark is the above 
named church. Already in the year 1827, attempts were 
made by the Evang. Lutheran Ministerium of the State of New 
York to organize a congregation in Newark ; but this was not 
accomplished until October 10, 1833. when Rev. Dr. F. W. 
Geissenhainer, of New York, organized St. John's, with thirty- 
one communicant members, in a hall on Harrison street, which 
then constituted that portion of Halsey street between Market 
and William streets. The young congregation was served by 
the Revs. L. Smith and Phil. Merkle until December, 1835. 
About two months later. Rev. Prof. Winkler became the pastor 
of St. John's. During his time the services were held in a hall 
corner Market and Beaver streets. Rev. F. G. Maschop suc- 
ceeded him as pastor in Newark. Under his pastorate the con- 
gregation built a new church and parsonage on Mechanic 
street, the consecration of which took place on November 10, 
1840, being the 357th anniversary of Dr. Martin Luther's birth. 

Things went on smoothly and prosperously until the year 
1845, when, through the domineering ways of the pastor and 
his adherents, disturbances were raised in the congregation 
leading to a law-suit, which lasted fully ten years, finally being 
decided in the year 1855, in favor of those members of the con- 
gregation remaining true to the New York Ministerium. The 
interest of the gradually diminishing congregation w'as faith- 
fully looked after by the Hon. Frederick Frelinghuysen, the late 
United States Secretary of State. In order to defray the 
expenses of the law-suit, the congregation had to sacrifice its 
w hole property. 

Already, in the year 1S53, Rev. Maschop had resigned. His 
successor. Rev. L. Seybold. endeavored to stimulate the stricken 
congregation unto new zeal and courage, but he had a hard 
task before him. After two years' service he severed his con- 
nection with his flock, which extended a call to Rev. H. 
Raegener. He occupied St. John's pulpit only five months, 
when he entered new obligations in New York City. The con- 
gregation remained vacant only two months. 

In March, 1856, Rev. C. \. Ebert was installed. Through 
his efforts the congregation thrived to such an extent that the 



a.S 



ESSEX COrXTV. X.J., ILLrSTRATED. 







Ki;v. J. rl.KMEiNT FKF.XCII, O D. 

John's Kirsi ("lernian Evangelical Cluin 
promising." 



:ii is 



present clnin-li building on Halsey 
street, opposite Cidar street. couUl 
be purchased. Rev. Ebert resigned 
in 1867 and Rev. Phil. Krug be- 
came his successor. He labored 
very faithfully until his resignation, 
which occurred January I, 1S93. 
.ifter he had celebrated his 25th 
anniversary as pastor of St. Jolm's. 
in October, 1S92. 

On Ajiril I. 1893, the present 
pastor. Rev. G. Peering, took pos- 
session of the charge. After pur- 
chasing a new pipe-organ in 1894, 
at a cost of S2.000. the congre- 
gation was able to wipe out the 
remaining ( hurch debt of S4.000 
on May 1, i8g6. About 350 com- 
municant members contribute to- 
ward the maintenance of the Church. 
issisled by four energetic societies 
and a self-sustaining Sunday School 
with 175 scholars enrolled. It may 
well be said 
very bright and 




Ki:V. LOCIS SUKEVK OSBOKNE. 



IRVINGTON METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH. 

AKOl'T 1S40. Rev. Edmimd S. Janes (afterward Bishop) 
came over from Orange, where he was then residing, 
and began to hold services according to the usages of the 
Methodist Ei)iscopal Church, in the old brick academy on 
Clinlon avenue, in Irvington. The organization of the church 
occurred in 1845. It was associated with the church at 
Middleville (now Hilton, N. J.) and the charge was known as 
"Irvington and Middleville" until 1S67. when Irvington was 
set off by Itself. In the following year, however, the two 
churches were again united, and this union continued until 
1870. Since this date Irvington Methodists have not been con- 
nected with any other congregation. 

Upon the organization of the Church in 1S4;. the Rev. John 




"he future of St. 
P. McCormick became pastor. He was succeeded in 1846 by 
the Rev. Robert Ciiven, and in 1847 Mr. (Jiven was follow-ed by 
the Rev. Martin Herr. The Church in Irvington was originally 
built bv the Episcopalians. It was sold .at Sheriff's sale in the 
spring of 1847. It was bought by a Mr. Day, the holder of 
the mortgage, and at the suggestion of Bishop Janes, the prop- 
erty was purchased from Mr. Day by the Rev. Martin Herr for 
Si.ooo, The building was repainted, somewhat remodeled and 
subsetpiently rededicated by Bisho]) Janes. 

In 1848, the Rev. George Hughes, now editor of the Guide 
to Holiness, became ])astor anil remained for two years. He 
was succeeded in 1850 by the Rev. David Graves. The follow- 
ing year the Rev. James M. p'reeman (now Dr. Freeman, the 
well known author and editor) preached in Irvington. The 
Rev. John FauU became pastor in 1852 and was succeeded in 
1853 by the Rev. John White. The following year the Rev. 
J. C. Blain was appointed, and was succeeded in 1855 by the 
Rev. John H. A'incent (now Bishop), who remained two years. 

The Rev. Matthias F. Swaim suc- 

eded Dr. Vincent in 1857, and the 



iRXt year John F. Hurst (now Bishop) 
' Hcame pastor and remained two years. 
In 1S59, the Rev. Henry A. Buttz 

now President of Drew Theological 
seminary) was appointed preacher-in- 

liarge. He was succeeded ^in i860 

'V the Rev. Edwin Day. The Rev. 
W'illi.im M. Lippincott came in 1861. 
in.iining two years. He was follow- 
1 in 1S65 by the Rev. Charles R. 
hinder. The next year the Rev, John 
Scarlett was made pastor, continuing 
his labors until 1866, when he was 
succeeded by Rev. Henry M. Simpson 
(now Chaplain at Dr. Strong's San- 
itarium, Saratoga Springs, N. Y.) 
The Rev. Robert B. Collins was 

ippointed jiastor in 1867, remaining 
iwo years when he was succeeded in 
1869 by the Rev. Jesse S. Gilbert, A. 
M„ the author of several works of 




KEV. (iEOKGF. SAVARV. 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



59 



value. The Rev. Hamilton C. McBride (now a distinguished 
revivalist) came in 1870, and during his stay the present par- 
sonage was projected. 

In 1871, the Rev. William I. Gill, the author of several phil- 
osophical works, became preacher-in-charge, and remained for 
three years. During his pastorate the parsonage was com- 
pleted. He was succeeded in 1874 by the Rev. James O. 
Rogers, who remained until 1S77. His successor was the Rev. 
William R. Kiefer, who remained until the spring of 1879, when 
the Rev. Joseph W. Dally was placed in charge, his pastorate 
continuing until 1882. 

Succeeding pastorates have been as follows: 18S2-85, Rev. 
J. F. Andrew; 18S5-SS, Rev. J. W. Young (now Secretary of 
Committee on Apportionments of the Missionary Socictv); 
18S8-93, Rev. S. K. Doolittle; 1893-95, Rev. Elbert Clement; 
1895-96, Rev. E. N. Crasto ; 1896, the present pastor. Rev. 
E. S. Jamison, A. M., Ph. D., was put in charge. 

FIFTH BAPTIST CHURCH, 

PROMPTED by a love toward God and the extension of His 
cause, some ten or twelve brethren of the two Baptist 
churchs in our city, met on Dec. i, 1851, and held an initiatory 
meeting of a movement that resulted in the formation of the 
Newark Baptist City Mission. This Society in April, 1852, be- 
gan its labors by organizing two missions, one of which was in 
that part of the city known as the 5th ward lying east of the New 
Jersey, now the Penna. Railroad. Thus begins tlie history of 
the Fifth Baptist Church, with Revs. C. W. Waterhouse, Thos. 
G. Wright and D. T. Morrill, as missionaries successively. 
This mission growing in interest and numbers, a Council of 
Baptist churches was convened on March 26. 1855, as a result 
of which, the mission was then regularly organized into a 
church, with 55 constituent members and Rev. D. T. Morrill, 
as pastor. 

Notwithstanding the disturbed condition of the times pre- 
ceding the Civil War this noble sacrificing band, together with 
the help of generous friends and the blessing of God, succeeded 
in erecting a very commodious edifice, and dedicating it on 
April 21, 1858. The general revival of 1857-8 resulted in one 
hundred and thirty joining the church by baptism. There have 
been other revivals since, nearlv as large. The total member- 





FIFTH BAPTIST CHURCH. — INTERIOR VIEW, 



FIFTH B.\PTIST CHURCH. 

ship from March 26, 1855. to May i, 1896, has been 1,305; 
present membership, 320, The church property is in a good 
state of preservation having been e.\tensively remodeled in 1872, 
and again in 1 896. 

While this church has not l.)een free from the various vicis- 
situdes incident to the church militant, yet they rejoice in having 
had no disruptions to mar its record and weaken its power. 
They have been signally blessed in having as under-shepherds, 
men of marked intelligence, puritv and power, as follows : Rev. 
D. T. Morrill, 1855-69; Rev. I). C. Hughes. 1869-74; Rev. 
G. A. Simonson, 1S74-S2 ; Rev. H. B. Warring, 
1883-90; Rev. C.E.Lapp, 1S90-95; Rev. T. 
A. Hughes, 1S95 — . The labors of these breth- 
ren have resulted in developing a constituency, 
which has contributed to the strengthening of 
all the other Baptist Churches in the city, and 
outside, and still continues to be a strong centre 
of infiucnce and power. 

CENTENARY M. E. CHURCH. 

THIS Church owes its name to the fact, that 
it was organized in 1866. The corner- 
stone was laid by Bishop Janes, November 28. 
and dedicated by the Rev. James Ayers, July 14, 
1867. The Rev. A. M. Palmer, then city Mis- 
sionary, was the first pastor. He was succeeded 
l)y the following: Revs. John O'Brian, April. 
1S68-9; H. C. McBride, 1869-70; R. B. Collins, 
1S70-73; E. E. Chambers, 1873-75; Chaides R. 
Barnes, 1875-7S; Chas. S. Colt, 1878-S0; Joseph 
H. Knowles, t88o; Stephen L. Baldwin, 1S80- 
81 ; Chas- E. Little, 1881-84; David B. F. Ran- 
dolph, 18S4-S7; Warren L. Hoagland, 1887-92; 
and Winfield C. Snodgrass, the present pastor. 



I 



60 



ESSEX corxrv. x. /.. illcstkated. 



TRINITY CHURCH 



TO the thoughtful and well-informed citizen of Newark, the 
white steeple of "Old Trinity in the I'ark," might seem to 
glimmer in a mist of interesting memories. It marks the spot 
whereon the founders of the church erected their first place of 
worship, over one hundred and fifty years ago. It is a reminder 
of the trying times of the Kevolution ; for the more hot-headed 
of the local patriots visited a share of the general resentment 
of the people against their oppressors on the church and its 
parishioners on account of the latters' association with llu- 
Church of England. The hostile demonstrations went so f.ir 
as to necessitate the closing of the church and the retirement 
of its pastor, the Rev. Isaac Htown, from the town. Subse- 
quently the edifice was used as a hospital for the sick and 
wounded of the continental army, during which period a portion 
of the church records were displaced or lost. 

Previous to the pastorate of the Rev. Dr. Henderson, the use of 
the church building was graciously granted to the Catholics of 
St. John's parish, for the holding of a lecture, which was de- 
livered by the Rev. Dr. Power, of New ^'nrk. for the benefit of 
their church. 

The record of Trinity Church, pastors and olVicers, is truly 
Christian, and it will serve as a beautiful object lesson to .ill 
good citizens as long, no doubt, as the city eiulures. Thi- 
parish is the outgrowth of the work of the Association for the 
Propagation of the Gospel, the oldest Protestant Missionary 
Society in existence, which was at that time under the jurisdic- 
tion of the Bishop of London. The religious services were con- 
ducted by the Kev. Mr. Brook, of Klizabelhtown, who had 
charge of all the E|)iscopal missions within a radius of fifty 
miles of his station, and who began his labors in 1704. 

The Kev. Mr. Brook was succeeded by the Kev. Mr. 
X'aughan 11729), under whose ministrations the hist cluin li 
building was erected for the parish (1743-44.) The Rev. Isaac 
Brown. ;i graduate of ^'ale College, followed the Kev. Mr. 
X'aughan ( 1744), and his faithful ministrations extended over a 
period of thirty years. He founded at Second River, a mission 
which is now known as Christ Church, Belleville. 

After the troubles incident to the Revolution the parish was 
reorganized under the rectorship of the Rev. Ur. Ogden, 1778. 
The following townsmen were elected oflicers : Uzal Ogden, 
James Nutman, John Robinson, David Rogers, Benjamin 




rs(\Y '^ 






■) KINMl V CHl'KCII. 



tNl KRIOR Vir.W. 



I KIM 1 V Lin KCll. 

Johnson and Ebenezer Ward. The church building was reno- 
vated and refitted for divine worship, and Dr. Ogden fulfilled 
a successful ministration of twenty years. 

He was succeeded by the Rev. Joseph Willard, by whose 
efforts the present church edifice was erected 1809-10. The 
Rev. Dr. Louis P. I5ayard became rector in iSll, and during 
his seven years of care the membership of the parish showed .1 
marked increase. In 1830, the Rev. Matthew H. Henderson, 
A. M., succeeded to the rectorship, and worked faithfully for 
more than twenty-five years in advancing the interests of the 
])arish. 

Then followed : the Rev. Dr. Edmund Neville, 
1857; the Rev. Dr. John C, Eccleston, 1862; 
the Rev. Dr. Watson Meier-Smith. 1866; the 
Kev. Dr. W. K. Nicholson, 1S72; the Rev. Dr. 
William Willberforce Newton, 1S75; and the 
Ke\ . J. Houston Eccleston, 1877. The Rev. 
J. Sanders Reed was appointed rector in 1885, 
and during his five years of incumbency he did 
much towards establishing the Girls' Friendly 
Society, the first organization of its character in 
the State, and other parochial agencies, which 
are effective for ])roinoting the interests of the 
parish. 

In 1890, the Rev. Louis Shreve Osborne, the 
present incumbent, began his labors in " Old 
Trinity." Since his advent the church edifice 
manifests great improvement, internal and ex- 
ternal. He is a man endowed with a genial and 
kindly nature. ;ind the grace of human sym- 
pathy, qualities that never fail to impress 
strangers as well as his own people. 

Many of Newark's honored citizens have wor- 
shipped at the shrine of " Old Trinity." 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. /., ILLUSTRATED. 



61 



ST, JOHN'S R C. CHURCH. 

IN 1S24. the Rev. Gregory D. Pardow, of New- 
York, organized under the patronage of St. 
John, the association of Cathohcs who founded 
.St. John's Church. It was designated St. John's 
Konian Catholic Society of Newark, N. J. The 
first trustees were Patrick Murphy, John Sherlock, 
John Kelly, Christopher Rourke, Morris Fitzgerald. 
John Gillespie and Patrick Mape. The founder 
of the Church labored faithfully with the parish 
for eight \ ears, and through his energy, tact and 
zeal, insured its success. He was followed by the 
Rev. Matthew Herard, October 7, 1S32, and the 
Rev. 15. Rafferty. October 13, 1833. 

On November 3, 1S33, the Rev. Patrick Moran 
was appointed pastor. He was eminently fitted for 
the place. He possessed good judgment, a refined 
and correct taste, and an educated mind. Under 
his able management, the affairs of St. John's ad- 
vanced rapidly, and his sterling qualities won for 
the congregation the confidence of their non- 
Catholic neighbors. Father Moran soon had a 
library of 850 volumes in circulation. He organized 
church societies, literary, temperance and benev- 
olent associations. He erected a school-house and 
arranged for the free instruction evenings of such 
as could not attend the day school. But his chief 
source of pleasure and pride was in his Sunda\ 
School, which he raised to a high degree of excell- 
ence. Connected with it was a teachers' associ- 
ation, which was a model of its kind. 

The late Most Rev. James Roosevelt I5ayley, 1). 
D., Archbishop of Baltimore, who was appointed 
first bishop of Newark, selected Rev. Patrick Moran 
of St. John's, to be his vicar-general. After his 
death, which occurred July 25, 1S66, the following 
was successively rectors of St. John's Church : 
Rev. James Moran, nephew of the deceased rector, November, 
1866; Rev. Louis Schneider, November, 1867; Rev. Thomas 
M. KilUen, who built the new rectory adjoining the church, 
November, 1868, and did much for St. John's; Rev. Patrick 
Leonard was rector in l^ecember, 1S7S. Rev. I,ouis Gandius- 





INTERIOR VIEW OI'" ST. ALUVSIUS CHURCH. 



ST. JOHN'S R. C. CHURCH. 

ville. who personally and with great care and labor re-wrote 
the church's record of births and marriages from the founda- 
tion to his time, and who was the second incumbent to die 
(January, 18921; Thomas E. Wallace, administrator, from 
lanuary, 1892. to I'"ebruary 27, 1892. and February 1S92, Rev. 

J. P. I'ocls. the incumbent. The 
assistant rectors were Rev. 
Fathers Gulh. 1837; Farrell, 
1838; Bacon, 183S ; Donahue 
1845; Hanahan, 1846; Callan, 
184S; Senez. 1849; Conroy, 1852; 
McCluire, 1853; Tubberty, 1S54; 
Casted, 1858; McCloskey, 1S60 ; 
llyrne, 1861; Moran, 1863; 
Wiseman, 1867 ; Rolando, 1867 ; 
Nardiello, 1876; Whelan, 1878; 
Corrigan, 1879; While. 1S82; 
MctJahan. 1892: Fanning, 1893. 
and Dooley, at present. Rev. 
Father Poels, who is now rector 
of St. John's, is a man of great 
executive ability, and most zeal- 
ous ; and people who love the 
first Catholic church in Newark 
and cherish its memories, may 
rejoice that the parish has come 
under his care, for it already 
shows many signs of improve- 



62 



ESSEX COVXTV. X. J., ILLFSTKATED. 



ment anil of renewed life. His ;ulniinistialion has been si;;nal- 
ized by a marked advancement of ehurch affairs and an entire 
renovation of the (hurch property. 

The history of St. John's is in very f.ict the history of Catho- 
licity in New Jersey. The " mother of all the churches " of the 
diocese; from her sanctuary have gone forth several zealous 
and exemplary missionaries to propagate the faith, and among 
these may be mentioned Most Rev. Michael Augustine Cor- 
rigan. D. 1)., Archbishop of New York; the late \ery Rev. 
James M Corrigan. for several years vice-president of Seton 
Hall College; Rev. George W. Corrigan. of Palerson. and the 
Rev. .Martin O'Connor, of Peoria, HI. 

CHURCH OF OUR LADY OF MT. CARMEL, 

THIS Church, formerly the Second Reformed, was purchased 
for the use of the Italian Catholics of the city, by the 
advice and with the aid of the Rt. Rev. Bishop Wigger, and tin- 
learned and energetic Father Conrad M. Schotthoefer, 1). I >.. 
became its lirsl rector. He was succeeded by Rev. Father .Ah. 
a convert from Mohammedanism, who was a zealous and faith- 
ful priest, but he died within a year of his appointment to the 
care of the parish. 

The present incumbent, the Rev. Father Ernest l)'Ai|uila. is a 
graduate of the Seminary of Termoli lioiaiio St. C.itherine, 
.\lexandria, Egypt. He also studied at the Seminary of Saint 
Joseph, Smyrne, .\sia Minor. Besides being learned in his 
sacred profession, especially as to canon law, he is an accom- 
plished musician, having taken a seven years' course in music at 
N.iples. Italy. He is especially proficient with the piano, fiute, 
cornet and organ. 

His sister is a valued assistant to the reverend F.ither in his 
labors, as she has drawn about her .i class of sixty-five of 
the children of the parish, whom she daily instructs in the 
elements of education. In this laudable w-ork she is fortunate 
in having the assistance of Miss \'ictoria Richmond, a daugluer 
of l.>r. John 15. Richmond, who gives her services three 
times a week to the school on instructing the children in 
English. Miss Richmond is a gifted and accomplished linguist 
and has acquired a wonderful proficiency in the Italian l.iaguage 
in a short space of time. 

I'nder Father D'Atpiila's rectorship, the Church of our l.ady 

of Mt. Carmel 
shows great 
imp rovenient, 
both i n t he 
character and 
growth of the 
.attendance of 
devout wor- 
^hippcrsand in 
the improve- 
ments and em- 
bellish men ts 
which have 
been wrought 
in the edifice 
itself. The 
must indiffer- 
ent observer 
cannot fail to 
note thai the 
worker is in 
love with his 
work, and that 
KF.V. K. i)A(.iuii.A. he is animated 





I '» 

,alit( 
Stji 



iilti 

SdiB 
Filtw 

MIC 



CHUUCH l)F OUR l,,'\I>Y 0['' M f. C.\RMKL. 

in all of his undertakings, with the spirit of the Master, 
A novel feature of the services of the church consists in 
that they are conducted in .i modest way. after the Italian style 
of elaboration and display. This feature is attractive to the 
parishioners, as it recalls the life in their beautiful fatherland, 
and re\ ives an interest in the religious observ.mces of their 
youth, which perhaps under the asperities of existence in .i new 
world, was beginnijig to wane. 

Father D'Aquila began his labors in America by organizing 
the Italian parish of St. Anthony in Elizabeth, and erecting a 
church of the same name. In addition to his charge in this 
city, he has also erected the Church of St. .Michael the Arch- 
angel, in Orange, for his countrymen, which has furnislud 
another illustration of his successful management of religious 
affairs. 

The accompanying illustration of the church edifice shows it 
to be a pleasing structure architecturally, from an exterior point 
of view, and its very central location bids fair to make it in the 
course of time, a very large and prosperous parish. The in- 
terior arrangements of the church are excellent, and (|uite suited 
to the needs of the present congregation. Until the establish- 
ment of the Church of Our Lady of Mt. Carmel, in 1S90, the 
eastern section of the city afforded no accommodation for the 
many who resided there of Italian birth and the Catholic faith. 

The prosperity and ever growing condition of the parish is 
good evidence of the need of such a church, and under the able 
management of the present pastor, the future should have much 
in store. 

The church will have its effect for good among the Italian 
speaking people of the entire city in making them good Christ- 
ians, and thereby better citizens. Father E. D'Aipiila has entered 
into a field of great usefulness, and he has the well wishes of 
the community in the performance of his good works. 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. /., ILLUSTRATED. 



f:8 



ST. JAMES' CHURCH. 

rHlS Cluirch which, with its ornate and artistic interior and its 
beautiful and imposing exterior, is without doubt one of the 
nest edifices dedicated to divine worship in Newarl<, is a nion- 
ment to a life's enthusiastic devotion to God's work, that of 
le late Father Gervais, and to the unassuming but effective 
;ork of his successor, the Rev. Father Cody. 
St. James' parish was organized in 1S53. Through the efforts 
[ the Rev. Father Senez. at that time rector of St. Patrick's 
athedral, the site was purchased. The Rev. Father Allaire 
;as put in charge of the new parish, and on June iS, 
854. the corner-stone of the old brick church, which is 
ill standing, was laid by the most Rev. James Roosevelt 
ayley, first bishop of Newark. This building was completed 
nder the Rev. James Callen, who succeeded Father Allaire, 
nd was dedicated the following November. It was of three 
tories, and the upper one was reserved for school purposes, 
father Callen, was succeeded by the Rev. Father Gervais, 
rS6i). F'ather Gervais was a man with a character pro- 
ounced and original almost to eccentricity. If his mission 
vas to build grand and costly structures for the glory of God, 
e certainly curled it out with an energy and a success, and in 
n adverse condition that were extraordinary. Up from midst 
he humble homes of hard working wage-earners, rose imposing 
tructures — church, hospital and convent — as if from under a 
nagician's hand. 

And the inspirer of these great works was going about in 
vorn out shoes from door to door of his flock, collecting funds 
or his enterpises, or was assisting in the manual labor of the 
)uilders. In July, 1863, the corner-stone of the present coni- 
nodious church building, which is built of dressed brown stone 
rom the old c|uarries on Eight Avenue, this city, was laid, and 
hree years later, June 17, 1866, in the presence of the largest 
:oncourse of people that had ever assembled in that section of 
he city, it was dedicated to divine worship, most Rev. Arch- 
)ishop Bayley officiating at both events. 
The strain of his responsibilities proved too great for Father 
ervais, and Julv 24. 1872. he went to his reward. The Rev. 
"ather M. E. Kane, his assistant, took charge of the parish until 
he appointment of the regular pastor, the present incumbent, 
^ev. Father Cody, (January, 1873). Under the latter's able 
iianagement the unfinished buildings which cover the entire 

block bounded by 
Elm, Jefferson 
and Madison 
Streets, the hos- 
pital with its ap- 
pointments and 
the church with 
its graceful and 
massive steeple 
have been com- 
pleted. A chime 
of ten bells (the 
largest weighing 
over three thou- 
sand ])ounds) 
which is judged 
to be the finest in 
the State has been 
placed in the 
church tower. In 
addition to this 
noble instrument 
RF.v, J. M. GERVAIS, (deceased). a still greater one 





■ST. JAME.S R. L. LHURCH. 

has been built in the church, in the grand organ, which is also 
the finest in New Jersey. The brown stone buildings which 
cover the rest of the block, now constitute the rectory, the parish 
school which has an attendance of 1.200 children and is abso- 
lutely free, a convent for the sisters of charity, and a hospital, 
which was opened in the fall of 1896. Since the advent of 
the Rev. Father Cody, all the affairs of the parish have pros- 
pered. Church 
societies are num- 
erous and large, the 
circulating library 
of the church con- 
tains over 1,500 
volumes, and in 
general the relig- 
ious wants of the 
parish are studi- 
ously looked after. 
Father Cody can 
have for the rest of 
his life, the proud 
satisfaction that he 
has brought to a 
glorious completion 
what might have 
been to his people, 
in less able hands, 
an unrealized 
dream. v.k\. p. copy. 




tu 




Kir.HT REV, MICIIAII. UINAMI \Vl(;<;i;K, D. 11 



and llie homo of the brave." This proud lille was soiiiewhat 
ol)scurcd until about thirty-tliree years a<;o. when President 
Abraham Limohi. in the midst of a fearftd stru<;gle for the 
perservation of the Union, issued his famous proclamation sun- 
dering the shackles from millions of human slaves, and removed 
forever the foul blot that obscured the country's glorious title. 
Since the adoption of the constitution its scope has been broad- 
ened by .several amendments, made necessary by the require- 
ments of a growing population and an increasing civilization ; 
but the fundamental provisions guaranteeing religious freedom 
has endured without change, and will always remain as long 
as this people exist as a free nation. I'.ach year sees an influx 
of natives from every country in the world, who have somehow 
heard that Aineric.i is the land ofgre.it opportunities; that here 
they can live as they choose, so they do it honestly, and that they 
can worshi|) whom or what they will, without let or hinderance. 
or can proclaim their disbelief in any religion anti deny the ex- 
istence of any deity whatsoever. Hence it is that at the present 
time, in this grand country, with perhaps a population of seventy- 
five millions of human creatures, while Christians of various 
denominations predominate. Hebrews worship Ciod in their 
Svnagogues, tlur humble n.itive of the Celestial Kingdom bows 



ESSEX corxrv. .v. /., illustrated. 



WIIl'.N the people of this 
countn had won their inde- 
pendence from British tyranny by 
the arbitrament of the sword, and 
achieved the right to representation 
among the nations of the earth, tlie 
wise men who framed the Consti- 
tution of the United Slates, incor- 
porated within the provisions of 
th.it golden instrument, the broad 
;ind comprehensive declar.ition that 
Congress should make no law n- 
garding " the establishment of re- 
ligion." 

Bv this is was decreed that re- 
ligious freedom was ever to be a 
necessary part of that personal 
liberty for which the early patriots 
struggled and fought. 

Thus it was that America became 
known and designated throughout 
the world as " the land of the free 
down to his 




ittle gods in the Joss house, and the failhlul 
Mo.slem sends up his prayers to Allah when and where In- 
pleases. E.ach has his own peculiar form of worship, .ind 
carries it out peacefully, without interference from the oth.i. 
The wonderful diversity of religious worship is nowhere m n 
strikingly illustrated than in this great industrial city of Newii k, 
whose complex population of perhaps two hundred and tifiv 
thousand souls includes jieople from every land under the sun. 
Here in this great manufacturing centre of the new world, win le 
the operations of trade and industry assume grand proportions, 
and millions of money is invested in vast business enteipriM s, 
the few are engaged in a mad pursuit of greater wealth, the 
toiling masses follow the unchanging tread-mill of labor, yet at 
the end of each six days the clink of the hammer and the bu// 
of the saw is stilled, and the doors of the factories, shops and 
banks are closed. 

Then, with the coming of the day of rest, rich and poor alike 
are free to seek religious instruction as they may choose. There 
is no lack of opportunity, for there are numerous houses oft 
worship and plenty of religious teachers. In no cilv in the 
country 
are there 




m<jnsii;nok <;KOKfir n noANK. 



to be found more devoted min- 
isters ; men noted at home and 
abroad for their scholarly at- 
tainments, broad philanthropy 
and faithful devotion to their 
labor in their various tiekls. 
Kach sect or denomination have 
able and distinguished repre- 
sentatives, whose life-work 
would form a very interesting 
subject for coniment, but this 
being an illustrated work, we 
are content in beautifying its 
pages with the life-like [jhotos 
of a few of the many divines "i 
Newark, whose names and sei- 
vices as well, are idenlilied with 
the many public and private 
charities of the city, and few 
men have done more for mor- 
rality and good citizensiiip. 




RKV. W. J. WISi:,M.\N, S. T. L. 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



65 



ST. BRIDGET'S CHURCH. 



T 



HE parish of St. Bridget was founded in 
1887 by the Rev. Michael J. White, 
o was assigned to the tasl< by the Bishop 



)f the Diocese of Newark, Rt. Rev. William 

Wigger, D. D. Father White was at that 

ime an assistant priest in St. Patrick's 
Zathedral. He entered upon his new field 
jf labor and for the first time offered up the 

oly sacrifice of the mass in the chapel now 
jsed as a school-house, on Sunday, April 3, 
18S7. The corner-stone of the neat and 

legant structure which appears in the illus- 
tration was laid by Bishop Wigger on Sun- 
day, October 18, 1S91, and through the 

mtiring and energetic efforts of Father 
White the church was completed and, in the 
presence of the Governor of this State, Hon. 
Leon Abbott, the Mayor of the city, Hon. 
Joseph E. Haynes, with other State and city 
officials and a large congregation, was 

olemnly dedicated to divine worship by the 
Rt. Rev. Bishop Wigger, on Sunday, June 
12. 1892. 

Father White is an accomplished and highly educated clergy- 
man and possesses good judgment. He established religious 
and benevolent societies in the new parish and surprised some 
of the older stewards in the vineyard with his rapid success in his 
new field of labor. After the death of Rev. Father Holland, of 
St. Columba's parish. Bishop Wigger transferred Father White 
to the rectorship of St. Columba's Church, in September, 1S96. 
and there is no doubt but that his administration in the new 
field assigned to his care will be characterized with the same 
zeal and energy displayed in building up the former parish of 
St. Bridget's. 

The Rev. Father Carroll, who was formerly an assistant in 
St. Mary's Church, of Elizabeth, has been called by the Bishop 
of the Diocese to continue the good work commenced in the 
new field, and from all indications the new rector of St. Bridget's 
1 fulfill the expectations of his superior. 




ST. ALOYSIUS' R. C. LHURCH, COR. BOWERY ANIJ FREEMAN STREETS. 



N' 



ST. ALOYSIUS' CHURCH. 

OTHING of the venerableness of great age clings about 
St. Aloysius'. Even the young men and women of the 
parish have seen the digging of the church's foundations, the 
erection of the superstructure and the establishment of the 
various church societies. It is as young as they are. They 
have grown with it and are closely identified with its progress. 
They can recall the time when the ground on which the church 
stands was almost part of the meadows, and when the only 
building of a character that si^oke of Catholicity was old St. 
Thomas' school. 

In July, 1879, Rt. Rev M. .V. Corrigan, then Bishop of New- 
ark, appointed the Rev. Father Fleming pastor of the new 
parish formed from the north-east end of St. James' parish. By 
actual count resulting from a house-to-house visitation of the 
parish. Father Fleming found that he had 1,487 souls under his 
Under his enter- 




REV. M. A. MC MANUS. 



new charge, 
prising guidance matters had 
taken such a bright look that in 
October, 1879, he purchased 
eleven city lots, and in May of 
1880, contracts were made for 
the building of the new church. 
Work went ahead at a surpris- 
ing rate and the corner-stone 
was laid with appropriate cere- 
monies on June 20, 18S0. It is 
a handsome edifice of Belleville 
brown-stone, Gothic in style and 
in dimensions is 65 feet wide and 
137 feet long. Father Fleming 
died in January, 1892, after eigh- 
teen vears of continuous labor, 
admired as a man, and beloved 
as a Priest. His successor was 
Rev. M. A. Mc Manus. He is 
still in charge and carrying to 
successful issue the good work 
inaugurated by the founder of 
the parish. 




KEV. FATHEK FLE.MING, DECEASED 



66 



ESSEX COUXTV. X. ./., ILU'STRATED. 



NO theme which the writer of Essex County, N. J.. 
Illustrated, has touched — always excepting the chari- 
table institutions within her bounds — has taken a deeper hold 
than her church history. When the early settlers came on from 
Connecticut and made their homes upon a part of the plot 
of ground upon which now stands the great industrial city of 
the Western Hemisphere, they brought their church organiza- 
tion along, and the little town of Branford. from whence they 
came, was left without a church, except in name, until after 
several years of loneliness the people of the town joined 
hands and hearts and established a new church. Here in 
Essex County, then, flourished and steadily grew the trans- 
planted church, and among the stately oaks by ihe side of 
the Pasaick the people worshipped according to the dictates of 
their own conscience, there being none to molest or make them 
afraid. We make the quotation fearlessly enough, for certainly 
had there been any fear on the part of the fearless settlers of 
our own beautiful county and now matchless city, their church 
historians would have doubtless hastened to write it down. .As 
the reader no doubt understands how relentlessly some of the 
sister churches had been molested, and how they had been 
made afraid ; but with that we have little to do in the work in 
hand. 

That the reader may have some satisfactory idea of how the 
churches have grown and prospered, our artists have taken no 
little pains in satisfying the collater that his true spiritual view 
has been carried out by the transference to these pages, illus- 
trative pictures of several of our churches. The old I'irst 
Church, as it is now denominated, is rightly named, when it is 
understood that it was the first indeed. It will not be under- 
stood though, we trust, that the First Church building was 
shipped over from Connecticut, but the congregation only, and 
it was they who constructed the first place of worshi]) or 
church building, on the site selected by that eminent divine. 
Rev. Dr. Abraham Pierson. Heacon Ward and Judge Treat. 

Away back in 1668 the first meeting-house was built and 
made to serve the purpose, not alone as a place of divine 
worship, but a place for the transaction of all public business 
as well. The little structure, with a frontage of about thirty- 
six feet and with a lean-to in the rear, was a mere mite of a 
church edifice, compared with the imposing structures with 
massive walls of marble or Essex County brown-stone, with 
towers mounting heavenward, in which their descendants 
worship in our day. the photo pen pictures of which adorn this 




'"^-w 




r\ 





.ST. JOSEI-H'S CHUKCII, WALLACE I'LACE. 



ST. BRIDGET'S CIlUKCIl. PLANE STKEIT. 

book. For comparative purposes it might as well be stated, 
that when in 1669 there was a single church in Essex County, 
there is now more than two hundred |)laces of worship, wherein 
people gather in acknowledgment of the fact that we are all 
children of one great Heavenly Parent, to petition his omnis- 
cience and sing his |)raises. It must not be forgotten that tl i- 
early Essex church furnished from its divines the first pre^: 
dent of Vale, Dr. Pierson, and the first president of our o\\ ; 
Princeton, Dr. Burr, the memories of both of whom are rever( .: 
by those great institutions of higher education. 

It may be said by some who wish to detract from their 
glories of the past, that in the early day, when the churches of 
Newark, the capital city of Essex County, furnished the pre- 
siding officers to these now world-renowned edu- 
cational institutions, they were in their infancy. 
We answer, yes, that is true, but there is an old 
adage, beautiful, and contains just as much truth 
when applied to the early conduct and growth of 
colleges and institutions of learning, as well as to 
the ideal tree, "Just as the twig is bent the tree's 
inclined." The truth should be told at all times, 
and while we take to it naturally, we cannot per- 
mit our recollection of the two college incidental 
facts to sever us. We are in somewhat the condi- 
tion of our Quaker friend, when he declared, with .1 
merry twinkle in his eye, when speaking of the foot- 
ball record of these colleges: "It is my candid 
opinion (hat both have gone a trifle crooked," but 
he thought he could stand it. So can we. 

While the Quaker may have gotten close up to 
trouble, we have the way open to get out. since col- 
lege athletics have been introduced into the college 
learning curriculum since those good old firsi 
presidents handled the twig; and if it has grown ,\ 
trifle crooked through the influence of the heroic 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



67 



atter-day football game, we can be excused by falling back 
on the two prominent facts. When college athletics were 
first introduced as a leading classical study, "Old Eli" had 
not a spot on his cheek, neither was he bald, and the "Tiger" 
hadn't any stripes at all. After all, Presidents Pierson and Burr 
are not the only college officials which have gone out to other 
fields from the Essex County band of clergy, for few places 
indeed have been honored by the presence of a more eloquent 
and better learned body of pulpit orators, than have from year 
to year sown the good seed, and it would be a trifle strange if 
from among these some had been called, and I he same is true 
that not only the few but many have been called away to the 
field of the stranger and to pastures new. 

To no pleasanter task could the pen of the writer be called 
than the work of naming the divines who have thus gone forth 
from among us, and of tracing their career and describing tl, 
battles they have fought and the victories won. To whatevi 
field our clergymen have gone — whether educational or minis- 
terial, whether in obeyance to the command of the Master, 
"Go ye into all the world and preach the gospel to every 
creature," as missionaries to the heathen who are continually 
repeating " How could we believe, having never heard, and how- 
understand without a preacher.'" — they have fought the good 
fight and such victories won as to not alone satisfy all, but to 
delight the close, warm friends ihcy left behind them. 

As it is no part of our duty to sing the praises of one and hoist 
him high on the feathers of our pen, but alone to do equal and 
exact justice to one and all, we shall, after calling attention to 
the results of illustrative work among the churches, say a few 
words by wav of admonition where injustice has usurpeil the 
place of justice, where and how we think to the best of our 
judgment (not always infallible) there would be a fine place to 
let fall again the " scourge of small cords," sparing not any, 
whether standing in the pulpit or, Becket-like, clinging to the 
horns of the altar or sitting in the soft-cushioned pews away 
up or well toward the front. 

We are sincere in the belief that we make no mistake in the 
declaration that never before since book-making began, has 
there been introduced into any one volume a larger number of 
correct photos, illustrations of educational institutions, school- 
houses and churches than can be found between the lids of the 





CHURCH AND SCHOOL OF ST. MARV MAGDALEN, 



ST. BENEDICT -S CHURCH, SCHOOL AND RECTORY, ON 
NIAGARA, KOMORN AND BARBARA STREETS. 

book now being perused. As they number so few, indeed, who 
would question the propriety of the combination the writer has 
taken the liberty of keeping the schools and churches intact ; 
therefore, no further harm, if any, can accrue from its continu- 
ance. Taken as a whole, while the educators in the public and 
parochial school-rooms, the pulpits and Sabbath schools may 
not be any better prepared for the work than their brethren 
engaged in like callings in other places, we feel fully justified in 
challenging the world to produce their superiors. 

When we approach the pulpit we know that not an injustice 
is done to a single individual anywhere, when the statement is 
made and placed upon record that for advances in learning, for 
depth of piety and for pulpit eloquence, taken as a whole, the 
clergy of Essex County are equal to the best. Did they always 
have their way, the thunder of that mighty eloquence which is 
kept at bay for reasons best understood by the possessor there- 
of, would be much oftener heard, and while the lions in sheep's 
clothing 
would do a 
little less of 
that quiet 
roaring that, 
we regret to 
say, keeps 
so ma ny 
hungry souls 
away from 
the sanctu- 
ary, for the 
reason that 
the wool in 
the soft coat 
so ma n y 
wear is all 
exhausted 
and there is 
not enough 
left to make 
garments fit 
for those 
poor souls 
who hunger 
and thirst ST. leo's r. c. church, irvington. 




68 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



after righteousness, to wear in tlie august presence 
of such as judge the man by the coat he wears. 
Just here we must let out the secret why so many 
of our eloquent divines all over the county are com- 
pelled (the word is spoken advisedly) to preach 
to empty seals just because the poor man, through 
the influence of some cause or another — it may be 
the garb he wears — and having, perhaps, been 
unwittingly taught not to " rub up agin "' the broad- 
cloth his rich neighbor wears. There is no beltn 
|)lace in the world to set forth the prescription 
which will go as far as anything known to the 
author toward effecting a cure of the non-church 
attendance evil among the people, and here we 
record it, viz., educate the people to the belief thai 
they, in nine cases of every ten, are mistaken, and 
then let pew-holders and regular church altendeis 
observe toward each man, w-oman or child which 
api>rodches a church door, such a pleasant de- 
meanor as to attract and not repel. It is the 
little things, the trille.s, which govern people's 
actions in this world, and especially is this the case 
where they assemble, presumably to love each otlur 
and to worship Almighty Ciod. When they come 
together, let all observe the kindliest .md most 
respectful attitude, one toward the other. 

Let one, and that one only, on a second or third 
pre.sentation, be the infallible rule -cleanliness. 
There is no subject where there is a greater 
degree of sensitiveness. It matters not if the 
garment worn is patch upon patch and worn to a 
thread; that must be a matter of little thought, 
but cleanliness of person must be wrought. To 
get at this sensitive point must be left to the dis- 
cretionar)' powers, wisdom and acuteness of those 
having each individual case in hand, or having the 
oversight in general. In our opinion, the temporal 
part of such an important work is far less than the 
whole, while the spiritual part, when taking the 
guidance, will direct right, as in all things connected with the 
teachings promulgated by the Prince of Peace and saviour of 
mankind. If all church affairs, as well as temporal affairs. 
were conducted and managed on the tenets laid down in the 

golden rule, those 
divisions, heart burn- 
ings and resentments 
so m u c h heard of. 
would peacefully sleep, 
while peace on earth, 
gooil will toward men, 
would continually in- 
cite both men a n d 
women to do unto 
others as they would 
have others do unto 
them. As we are not 
of tho.se who spend 
their time in looking 
for the millennium, we 
are not of those who 
believe that our lines 
will be followed as we 
have laid them out, but 
each can do a part. 
iKViNGio.N Ei'iSLuPAL ciiAi'EL. 'I'lere are those, but 





INTEKIOK Ol' GRACE CHURCH, CORNER DKIIAD AMI WALNl'l STREETS. 



mostly outside of the beautiful influences of the Chrisli.iii 
religion, who believe or profess to believe, that our Christian 
ministers can and ought to do everything, even to the impossible 
work of making all evil doers go and work in the vineyard of 
the Lord. Now, while we wait for the coming of him who will 
soon right every wrong in and about his beautiful temples, as we 
are positively certain the great majority of our ministers of the 
gospel are now doing, and to assist in holding up their hands, 
we will e.xtend to them, without regard to creed, denomination 
or belief, the best wishes of Essex County, N. J., Ii.lus- 

TRAIED. 

CHARITABLE INSTITUTIONS OF ESSEX COUNTY. 

ALTHOUCjH the writer and author should use up the 
farthest reaching vocabulary that he could command 
and make the work replete with racy and readable sketches of 
men and things, making use with all his power of the dragnet 
for the procurement of material of the highest interest with 
which to fill its space, the work would not and could not be 
well done without giving its readers a glance, as they turn its 
pages, of those mighty institutions for good which stand with 
wide-open doors, in which tarry disciples of the " man of 
sorrows and who was acquainted with grief," and who, in His 
name, are calling, calling to the sick and afilicted, the poor 
and the needy, to come and accept their offerings of healing 
balm and the contents of bounty's hand. 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



69 



Even though our artists are showing samples of 
their work at every turn, and speaking pictures of 
factories and public school buildings should speak 
of their skill and grandeur from every page, yet 
would the book be and remain an unfinished pro- 
duction had not the artists transferred to its 
pages beautiful and representative pictures of the 
great eleeyniosvnary institutions which dot the 
surface of the countv and its mighly industrial 
capital city over with the grandest and best ever 
planned for sweet charity's glorious purposes. 

As space permits and such a tribute is due. 
we cannot do belter than pay it in passing, since 
to the architect's genius and the photographer's 
and the engraver's skill we are indebted for the 
beautiful representative pictures which add so 
largely to the attractive and instructive character of 
the work. To the noble men and pure-hearted 
Christian women who have worked out the oppor- 
tunities and by their untiring efforts in the uprear- 
ing of these beautiful institutions, a deep debt of 
gratitude is due, and so long as the writer and 
collator of this work ha\e the power, the tongue 
of praise shall never be stifled nor stilled till the 
debt is cancelled, so far as it is possible for us to 
meet such a benign and beautiful purpose. While the majority 
of our institutions of charity are young in years, they have 
a majesty of purpose which makes them old when speak- 
ing comparatively of the work they have done. In every- 
thing we say or do these ought to be somewhere, so as to 
be easilv seen or so adroitly concealed among a purposely 
entangled verbiage as to require the acute sense of a sleuth 
hound to search it out. 

As a reason for the youthfulness of our charitable institutions, 
is our close proximity to metropolitan New York, whose gates 
were ever wide open and the doors to her charitable institutions 
had no bolts but what were ready to spring back at our call. 
And thus it was that not until the necessity became all too 
glaring, so that every one who ran could read the handwriting 




X 




IRVINGTON M. E. CHURCH. 



FOREST HII.L PRESIJYTERI AN CHURCH. 

on every wall, that our time had come. The writer remembers 
well the first "quiet hospital talks" which look place among 
several gentlemen who make old Trinity their church home. 
The venerable building in which they worship, now occupying 
the same ground where it stood when the liritish officers and 
soldiers led their forces in and out, occupying the church as a 
stable — so generous were their natures and such reverential 
care did they take of our churches — using the pews as stalls, 
the rector's dressing-room and the vestry parlor for the storage 
of forage stolen from our farmers, saddles, harness and war 
paraphernalia, etc. 

Among these were the Rt. Rev. Bishop Odenheimer, the 
rector, Cortlandt Parker, Dr. William T. Mercer, Judge Young, 
J. D. Orton, Judge afford, W. W. Hulfish, Daniel Dodd and 
others whose names cannot be recalled at this time. In short, 
from these "quiet talks" grew the first hospital in New Jersey, 
the unexcelled St. Barnabas', the story of whose struggles, 
failures, successes, hopes and triumphs will ever fill an exclu- 
sively interesting page in New Jersey's historical books. As 
before said, St. Barnabas' was the first working hospital estab- 
lished in New Jersey under legislative authority. The work 
was begun in 1S65 in a small house on Wickliffe Street. The 
hospital became an incor|)orated institution on the thirteenth 
day of February, A. D. 1867. The incorporators were, that 
Bishop beloved, the saintly William Henry Odenheimer, 
and the rectors and certain laymen selected from among the 
several Episcopal churches of Newark city. The charter de- 
clared the purpose of the incorporation to be the nurture and 
maintenance of sick, aged and infirm and indigent persons, 
and of orphans, half orphans and destitute children ; the pro- 
viding for their temporal and spiritual welfare, and the provid- 
ing or erecting a suitable building or buildings in which to carry 
on the proposed W'Ork. 

Not long afterward a gentleman bequeathed to the incorpora- 
tion the beautiful lots where St. Stephen's Church now stands, 
at the junction of Clinton and Elizabeth Avenues. In June, 
1S70, the trustees purchased the finely located property, corner 
of High and iMontgomery Streets. Here the w-ork has been 
carried on ever since. A beautiful photo of St. Barnabas' 
graces page 143. 



TO 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



St. Michael's Hospital, which is presented in the 
illustrations on page 71. is one of (he best equipped 
institutions in the State of New Jersey, and some of 
the ablest and most distinguished physicians and 
surgeons of Essex County, have been identified 
with its medical and surgical staff. This institution 
which is but little more than a quarter of a ceniury 
old, had to its credit on January i, 1897, 93,086 
patients treated. St. Michael's is the largest 
hospital in ihe city and has a central location on 
the corner of High Street and Central Avenue 
and has three hundred beds and, like her sisters, has 
all the necessary accessories and all the parapher- 
nalia of a tirst-class hospital. Even though Si- 
Michael's is nominally a Roman Catholic institu- 
tion and the bishop of the Newark Diocese stands 
.at the lie.ul of its protecting Board of Directors, 
the hospital is managed entirely by the Sisters 
of the Poor "f St. Francis, thirty-two in numl)er. 
at the head of whom is Sister Perpetua .Superior. 
Yet its doors are open to people of all creeds and 
nationalities. The key to its wards lies in the 
affirmative answer to the question, are you sick or 
afflicted .' Lest we might neglect such an all-im- 
portant duty of paying a tribute to this noble order of women 
whose charitable work is going ceaselessly on all over the 
world, we will repeat on this pnge, and in the language of a 
Protestant Minister, who had been nursed by them and said. 
•' The Sisters are an eminently holy and pious body of women." 

Among the hospitals of Essex County none stand higher on 
the roll than the German Hospital, which is presented in the 
illustrations on page 231, and like the other institutions of 
similar character, though young in years carries the honors of 
an ancient. It was incorporatid February 15, 1868, and is 
maintained principally by the generous portion of the German 
American citizens of Newark, and has ever been conducted on 
the broadest principles of relief to the unfortunate, without 
regard to creed or clime. 

St. James' Hospital, shown on page 71, was to have been 
opened in the fall of 1896, but on account of the directors 
having been unable to secure a corps of sisters to undertake 
the management, it wa^ posponed until this is accomplished. 




.SI. PETERS R. C. ORPHAN .\SVLUM, ON LIVINGSTON SI REFT. 



The Home of the Friendless, on South Orange Avenue, corner 
of Bergen Street, is another of the charitable institutions, a 
view of the buildings of which our artist has transferred to 
|)age 141, which is doing a marvellous work for good. It being 
of a three-fold character, its work takes on a wider range than 
the generality of charitable institutions. While the little ones 
are provided with home, food and raiment by the goodly women 
who never tire in doing the work of the Master, are gathering 
the little unfortunates in the fold they have provided in the 
beautiful home. 

Never behind in good works, the city of Newark has markid 
an era in her progress by the est.iblishment of a hospital, where 
the sick and afflicted may go and seek rest, and take deep 
draughts from the overllowing cup of healing balm, which will 
be held to their lips by the devoted hands of trained nurses, 
directed by the skill and understanding of the wise, pure and 
self-sacrificing among our best physicians and surgeons. 
Although Newark was blessed with several good hospitals, yet 




KEV. WM. H, HAINEK, IRVINGTO.N. 



the best thinking and more chari- 
tably disposed among our citizens 
decided it not unwise that another 
hospital where the sick and injured 
might obtain relief should be 
established. Fortunately the county 
asylum buildings which had been 
erected on city property were vacant 
and apparently waiting lor just 
such a blessed purpose and inno- 
vation. So. as the people's repre- 
sentatives in the Common Council 
were ripe for the movement, the die 
was soon cast and the City Hospit.il 
established (see page 138.) 

This beneficent institution was 
i)|)ened for patients in 1882, and 
incorporated in 1883. Since that 
time its doors have been wide open 
to the indigent sick of all nationali- 
lics. The hospital is managed by 
the Board of Health, who meet once 
a month. From the Board of 




KEV. JOSEPH l.EUCHI 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. /., ILLUSTRATED. 



71 



/ 






t- 



jesLrjl^ 



Directors a visiting committee of three mem- 
bers is selected to look after the executive 
work during the intervals. 

One of the noblest charitable institutions 
in Essex County, is the Eye and Ear Infirm- 
ar\', located at No. 60 Stirling Street. A 
view of the building is shown in the combi- 
nation on page 72. The hospital was 
founded in February. 1880, for the gratuitous 
treatment of the poor. 

The Hospital for Women and Children is 
situated on South Orange Avenue, in close 
proximity to the Home of the Friendless, 
(see page 141.) 

St. Mary's Orphan Asylum was founded 
in 1S57, on Central Avenue, then Xesbit 
Street, next to St. Patrick's Cathedral, by the 
most Rev. Bishop Bayley. In 1861 the 
orphan girls were removed to the house 
corner Washington and Bleecker Streets, 
where they remained until the orphanage 
was complete at South Orange, in 1865. 
Since then several buildings have been added. In 1876 a four 
story building was erected as an industrial school, to which the 
orphan girls are transferred when they are old enough to be 
taught domestic economy, shirt making, ladies' undergarments, 
dress making, etc. They receive daily, three hours tuition in 
English and become self-supporting. Children are received 
between the age of three and fourteen. At this age the boys are 
either sent to relatives or placed with responsible parties to 
earn a livelihood. At present there are one hundred and sixty 
boys, and one hundred and fifty-four girls, making a total of 
three hundred and fourteen in the house. While the asylum 
is under the protection of a Board of Directors, at the head of 
which is Rt. Rev. Bishop Wigger, of this diocese, the institu- 
tion is managed bv the Sisters of Charity, fifteen in number. 





Bap] 






SI'. JAiMES HUSriT.AI,. ON JEFFERSON AND ELM STREEIS. 



Sr. MILHAKL's HOSl'IIAL, ON HIi^H SIRFET A\D CENTRAL AVENUE. 



who have devoted their lives and talents to the service of C;od's 
helpless little ones. A photo is presented on [)age 142. 

Away back in 1848 the Newark Orphan Asylum, an organ- 
ization for the relief of orphan children was effected, thus 
making it the oldest orphanage in the county of Essex. A photo 
of the buildings will be found on page 72. It is situated at 
323 High Street, corner Bleecker. 

The Foster Home, a charitable institution, was organized 
March 28, 1848, but a few days after the Newark home. It is 
situated at 284 Belleville .'\venue, and receives children up to 
their tenth \'ear. 

The Kreuger Pioneer Home was organized in 1889, its object 
being to provide a home for unfortunate and indigent men. 
and was founded by one of Essex County's wealthy citizens, 
Judge Gottfried Kreuger, whose honored name 
the institution bears. A phnto of the home 
is presented on page 222. 

On page 70 may be seen a photo of St. 
Peter's Orphan Asylum and Kindergarten, 
which is located at 21 Livingston Street. 

Among other Charitable and Benevolent 
Societies, are the Newark Female Charitable 
Society, at 305 Halsey Street, founded 1803. 
(see page 139); Boys' Lodging House, 144 
Market Street ; St. Vincent's Home for Working 
Boys, on Centre Street ; Home for Incurables, 
corner court and Shipman Streets; House of 
the Good Shepherd and Home for the Aged, 
under the care of the Little Sisters of the Poor, 
on Eighth Street between Central and Sussex 
Avenues. These eminently pious and holy 
women commenced their chariiable work in this 
city in 187S and by their zeal and untiring 
efforts, have succeeded in establishing a large 
and comfortable institution, \\ here the aged and 
destitute of both sexes are provided for. .\ 
view of the home is shown on page 72, and 
though struggling with a large debt they trust 
in God, and rely upon a generous people to aid 
them in supplying the many wants of such a 
latge charity. Where true piety and woman's 
virtue leads the van, no wheel of progress which 
is touched by them shall cease revolving. 




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EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS OF ESSEX COUNTY. 





I IE sincerity of the love and respect which the 
author of Essex Ccjuntv, New Jeksky, Ii.i.us- 
IKATED, bears to the public schools and the 
public school system thereof, makes our approach 
to these subjects the more dilficult and trying, 
since aloHL^ with our duty goes hand in liand the 
fear we entertain of doing even half-way justice 
to these themes. The first thought, as we lift 
the pen to write, is to ask the reader, as he scans what we have 
to say for and on behalf of the pul)lic schools, a kindly foibear- 
ance for any appreciable sliortcomings in our efforts to grapple 
successfullv with this grandest of subjects, which can find a 
place among the leaves of this book, every page of which 
bears rcord of marvellous growth and wonderful prosperity 
of the county delineated. When we consider Essex County, 
geographically speaking, is it any wonder, we ask, that her schools 
have few equals, and when we make the declaration that there 
are no superiors, the fear that we shall be charged with egotism, 
finds no resting-place in our composition. 

Situated in one of the loveliest regions in the world, with a 
chniate as et[uitable and health-giving as any in the United 
States, the cold winds of the winter months which come bowling 
down from the north and west meet and mingle with the 
breezes from old ocean tempered with salt, make her winters 
delightful, and ere those cold waves which have a wondeiful 
habit of careering over the broad and beautiful prairies of the far 
away Dakotas and the broad savannas of Illinois, Kansas and 
Iowa, prepared for the journey by the frost king amid the bold 
rockies. the snow-capped mountain peaks of the Cascade and 
coast ranges, and which linger for weeks hesitating to cross the 
Alleghanies, holding high carnival among the coal mines and 
oil wells of the Kevstone, of the Arch, the hills, valleys and 
farm lands of the Empire state, and dallying with those dehlahs 





ELIZABETH .WENUE SCHOOL. 



OLDEST SCHOOL-HOUSE IN NEWARK, NOW THE EOV S 
LODGING HOUSE. 

of the midland belt, the great lakes, are shorn of their locks of 
hoar frost, lose far more than half of their strength, and ere they 
are ready to swoop down upon this region with a promise (by 
telegram from Chicago, St. Louis or St. I'aul) to close down on 
the mercurv, and give all the east an extended general freeze-up, 
its strength has died out under the genial influence 
of the warm exhalation from the gulf stream, and 
seldom has a reign of more than three days in 
length. More oft. the fizzle en route has been so 
complete, that scarce time is remaining to close up 
the pools and bid malaria depart, ere they take up 
the home journey, giving kisses of love when ready 
to depart and waving back an adieu while they .go 
ricocheting back to the safe retreat of the Teuton 
peaks, while the region (including Esse.x County) for 
hftv miles in all directions from New York's City 
Hall Park, knowing how fitful are his promises, are 
compelled to keep on the alert for even a freeze-up 
of enough rain drops to set the sleigh-bells ringing 
and three days in succession good sleighing. 

Then, with a climate unsurpassed and a territory 
with double rock-ribbed environments, we approach 
the pleasant duty of giving a sketch of the public 
schools, with no small degree of personal pleasure 
and with no fear of overdrawing the pictures of the 
educational institutions, or overstating the benefi- 
cent results accruing therefrom to the people. 
Since the first establishment of the free public 
schools a mighty change has been wrought in their 



74 



ESSEX COCXTY. X. J.. ILLUSTRATED. 



character and ihe cducalional results obtained therefrom. The 
recollections of the writer jjo back to the time when in derision 
the free public schools were denominated •' ragjjed schools," 
and it took many years of time and many measures of defiance 
of public opinion on the part of the institution's friends, to win 
the fight by battling for the right. 

After the first establishment of the free or |)ublic school plan 
of education for the masses, it recjuircd quite a ([uarter of a 
century to place it on a tirm footing and solid basis. And even 
now it is safe to say that its friends built better than they knew . 
Prejudice against it, proved the hardest barrier to surmount, 
but when the friends of |)ublic school education had robbed it 
of this terror the work was easier. When in the begining the 



tional advantages under its wise provisions and unquestionnl 
good management, is the grandest and best ever devised. The 
rich have learned this one grand fact, that when their children 
are sent to public schools to rub against their neighbor's children, 
that they become acquainted and arc ready to rub up against 
the world, and to stand the rebuffs in a far better manner than 
when kept isolated. Many of our leading business men, lawyers, 
physicians and divines, now glory in the tlays they spent in the 
public schools. Education for all who will receive it, is the 
motto to-tlay, and few indeed are there who are not ready to 
exclaim, "Long may the banner of free schools wave." 

Outside of the city of Newark and Orange, there are aboiii 
forty schools in which all the children can, if the parents so will 




.MOKTON .SIRKKT SCHOOL. 



cry was started, that its inventors had no idea of permitting any 
but the poorest of the poor to enjoy its atlvantages, it was hard 
to overcome, and while the rich .ind well-to-do spurned to 
accept its benefits, the mechanic and artis.in and those earning 
enough as the fruit of their labor to gain subsistence, preferred 
to let their chilrlren run the streets, rather than h.ive them be- 
come the associates of paupers, as they termed those who ac- 
cepted education from pul)lic sources Indeed, it was not until 
men of reason look the rostrum and eloquently pleaded its adop- 
tion, and ministers of gospel fired their anathemas against the 
foolish opposers of the system from their pulpits, that the 
masses finally awoke to a sense of right and duty, and to-day 
the opposed and derided educational system of the past meets 
the approval of all classes of men in all positions of life, and all 
feel that the public school system of America, and the educa- 



it. secure an education. Not alone are the elementary branches 
taught, but connected therewith, are high schools, where those 
pupils w'ho have passed the grammar departments can have the 
adv.mtages of an academic education, and be fitted for college 
if so desired. 

During the years 1891 -2-3 the writer of this was County 
Superintendent of Public Schools, and is proud to bear evidence 
as to the high character of the schools and teachers. Educated 
men and women, as pains-taking and self-sacrificing as any 
body of teachers in the land, anil in devotion to their calling, 
they remain unchallenged. KImer '1". Sherman, now a resident 
of South Orange, is acceptably filling the oflice of County 
Superintendent. The schools in the city of Orange are under 
the care of Mr. U. B. Cutts. and are in a high state of efficiency. 
In the city of Newark, where the veteran educator and efficient 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. /., ILLUSTRATED. 



75 



officer, William N. Barringer, Ph.D., has been the 
Superintendent for more than a quarter of a cen- 
tury, the public school interests are well and care- 
fully adjusted, and closely looked after, and all their 
interests closely watched. Her schools are under 
the direct care of a local legislative body, known 
as the school board, or Board of Education, con- 
sisting of thirty gentlemen. Each of the fifteen 
wards of the city has two representatives in the 
board, each elected for a term of two years. 

Although there is a general determination among 
the ])eople, and this is transferred to their repre- 
sentatives, to eschew politics entirely, yet the foot- 
. prints of the party in power is seen when the 
I officers of the Board are elected. The board as 
1 constituted at jjresent consists of the following: 
William A. Gay, /"/-^/VrV;;/; R. D. Argue, Seire- 
larv: Samuel Gaiser, Ass'i Secretary, William 
N. ISarringer. City Siperiniendent ; Geo. W. Reeve. 
Siip't of Erect icDi and Repairs; ist Ward. James 
II A. Backus. James N. Arbuckle; 2d. Hugh P. Roden. 
' Charles W. Menk; 3d, Charles L. 111. George Saupe; 
4th, J. W. Read. Miles F. Ouinn ; 5th. M. B. Puder. 
Charles Clark; 6th. R. W. Brown, Edward Zusi; 
7th, H. M. Woolman. Charles M. Myers; Sth. 
John K. Gore. J. William Clark; 9th. A. N. Lewis, Walter T- 
Crane ; loth. David B. Nathan. Elmer E. Horton ; nth, William 
A. Gay, William L. Fish ; 12th. J. J. Kronenberger, Thomas 
J. Sinnott; I3lh. Henry Ost. Henry P. Schott; 14th. Geo. F. 
Brandenburgh. Charles H. Sansom ; 15th. Walter H. Clark. 
Walter H. Parsons. 

A full roster of the teachers in all the schools of the fifteen 
wards can be seen by a reference to the Board's annual report, 
copies of which can be obtained of the Clerk of the l5oard or 
any of its members. There is not a question of a doubt but 
that the efficiency of the city's public schools is equal to any 
in the United States. The school age is fi.xed by statue at from 
six to twenty-one years of age, although very few enjoy the 
privileges after they have passed the age of seventeen. The 
writer once asked a young lad of sixteen why he did not go to 
school. His reply was," Oh I'm too big." Of course he meant 
in stature. As a commentarv on his answer, we should not 





CEN'1R.\L AVENUE SCHOOL. 



SUMMER .AVENUE SCHIKH,. 

hesitate to say, that some plan should be adopted by which 
young men and girls under twenty-one at least, should not 
think nor feel themselves too big for education getting. In the 
the night schools we find the glorious exception. In this grandly 
beneficent institution we often find both men and women striving 
to learn to read and write, some h.aving passed the meridian 
of life. One of the most interesting occasions of our necessary 
school visitations, was met at a night school in Montclair. where 
we found a class numbering quite half a hundred of men and 
and women, undergoing instruction, some of them with hands 
so stiffened with age and hard labor that the handling of pen 
or pencil was an extremely difficult operation. Yet so strong 
was the motive for progress, and so bright was the goal to 
their vision of learning to read and write, they would laugh at 
their own clumsiness, and no mistake, however glaring, would 
act as a bar, or dampen their ardor, or cause them to flag for 
a single moment in their dogged perseverance. Could some of the 
youth who persistently refuse the advantages offered 
to secure the delightful boon of a good education, 
have been placed in the presence of some old colored 
man or woman who had wrought in the cotton 
fields or cooked the hog and hominy in the sunny 
South all the years of (heir early life, and were 
engaged in the arduous task, with clumsy fingers, 
of learning to write or learning to read, with mental 
faculties long since dulled by the avarice or brutish- 
ness of others, we doubt not it would act as a 
balm for his wounds and likewise cure his desire 
for longer continued acts of truancy. 

Such have been the advances made in the methods 
of instruction, that the child takes learning as it 
were hv intuition. The Kintergarden, an exotic, 
to be sure transplanted from the German father- 
land, deals with the buds of our manhood and 
womanhood. Instead of the compulsory sitting on 
the hardest of benches and the wearisome dangling 
of tired little legs with the formal h.'QQ ter die in- 
struction from the stern master and scientific handler 
of the birchen rod. and oaken rule, the little buds 
are taught to sing and play their lessons through, 



76 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. /, ILLUSTRATED. 



•iiul llien tliey srow and grow ami tlu- time slips 
merrily away till as pupils gnnving on. they take 
their place in the primary >;raile. for all the public 
schools are graded; and thus the pupil is moved 
on and upward hy regular steps, till eie he or she 
is thoroughly aware of the facts, the bud has 
grown on to be the unfolded leaf and bloom, and 
so easy seems the progress, the ripened fruit 
comes all too soon. 

Manual training has come to stay, and is as much 
a part of the education of our youth when they 
themselves, or tluir parents so elect, as any othei 
branch of education. Not only are the boys in the 
enjoyment of this i)rivilege of laying the foundation 
upon which ni.iy easily be built the finished mechanic 
and artisan, but the young misses also pri\ ileged 
similarly in most respects, for they may learn to 
saw. plane, chisel, mortise and carve, mhX can learn 
to cook and sew. Besides what our youth may 
le.irn in the public school, the doors of the Technical 
School are thrown wide open to them through the 
generosity of the Newark City Hoard of Trade, this 
now famous and popular institution being an out- 
growth therefrom. There arc many other schools, 
academics, etc.. conducted by private parties in 
the county, and Parochial Schools under the patron.ige of the 
Episcopalian and Roman Catholic Churches. These are .dl in 
a tlounshing condition, being under the care of capable and 
painstaking l.idies .and gentlemeii, who are an honor to their 
calling. That the reader of KssKX CoUNl v, N. J., ll.Ll'S- 
TR.XTKU. may have opportiuiity to study the size and construc- 
tion of our school houses, the characteristics and merits of 
the teachers employed, beautiful engravings of the mag- 
nificent structures devoted to school purposes will be found in 
its pages, with life-like photo likeness of man\' of the leading 
teachers and those who ha\e adopted I'ed.agogy as their pro- 
fession, and have made teaching their life work, many of the 
latter taking rank with the best in the land, liesides the photos 
of teachers and engravings of school buildings, a short sketch 
of the several schools will be found accompanying each, to 




.\NN SIKIilil SCHOdl.. 

which we trust they may refer in the always expected lo-inorrow. 
or the anticipated d.iy of leisiue, as a souvenir of their e.irly 
school days. 

'That there will he a charm connected with this pari of il 
work we have little doubt, since no effort or expense has bei 
spared in securing the material and dala necessary to make it 
the ideal of excelleme. and the acme of Irulhfulness in this all 
important part. 



FIFTEENTH AVENUE SCHOOL. 



T' 



'HEFifteentI 

largely thi 

Oelkers. 'The building 

tiveness and desirable 

bricl. 



Avenue .School building was the thought, and 
result of ICx-School Commissioner John 15. 



is noticeable for its architectural atlr ■ 
appointments for school work It i-~ 




ril'l KKNTII AVKNLK SCHOOL. 



Structure with Itrra cotta trimmings, 
s|)acious, with most approved heating and 
veiU dating apparatus. 

.September 5, 1 89;, the doors of this build- 
ing were thrown open, and to the surprise of 
the Board of Education, the rooms were filled 
and the seating capacity found to be insuf- 
ficient. The large attendance demands addi- 
tional accommodations. As the enterprising 
section of our city surroun<ling the school 
building develops, this educational instil' 
lion will advance to the tirsl rank of the Nc 
ark Pnblic Schools, 

The Principal. \V. Spader Willis, is a school 
man of wide expel ience, belonging to a family 
of educators, his father, Uev. Ralph Willis, 
and his brother H. Brewster Willis, having 
had charge of the public school interests of 
Middlesex County for the past thirty years. 
'The Principal was educated at Rutgers Col- 
lege. He has held a number of school posi- 
tions. He was Principal of the Perlh And:c.\ 
High .School when called to Newark. 'I he 
Eifteenth Avenue School is in a virv promis- 
ing condition. 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



77 



THE NORMAL SCHOOL 

Tin; (laih city Normal School was organized in 1879. For 
niany years it had been maintained as a Saturday Normal 
School, holding its sessions every Saturday morning, and was 
attended by those aU'eady appointed as teachers and striving by 
this method to acquire some professional training, and was a 
most ])raiseworthy effort. It 
was felt by some of the friends 
of the public schools that better 
work could be done only as the 
result of more methodical and 
longer training. It was, accord- 
ingly, iirgnni/i'd as a daily 
school in Ocliiber. 1879. under 
the ])rincipalship of Miss Jane 
E. Johnson, with a class of 
tliiri\ ]iupils. .ill graduates of 
the High School, and three 
teachers. 

The curriculum was limited 
to mental and moral science, 
which were the only text-books 
in use. Its only library was a 
Webster's Dictionary, un- 
abridged, and a Geographical 
Gazetteer. Miss Johnson sup- 
plemented the curi-iculum by 
lectures upon English history 
and botany. 

At the present time there are 
about seventy pupils and a corps 
of five teachers. The course 
has been extended to two years 
— a junior and a senior year. 
Pupils who seek admission must 
be graduates from our excellent 
High School, or must pass an 
i(|uivalent examination, as a 

condition of admission. The course of study is strictly pro- 
fessional. Psychology, Logic. Civil Government, Political 
Economy and Pedagogy form a ]iart of the curriculum. The 
academic branches are taught under the department of method, 
2. e.. the better way of presenting and dexelojiing these subjects 

in the class-room 
to the pupils of the 
schools. Music, 
drawing and nat- 
ural science recei\e 
marked attention 
through the entire 
course. Lectures 
on the history of 
e d u c a t i o n — the 
iheoties and the 
L;ie,it teachers of 
the world, are given 
every week. 

A small but well 
chosen library of 
books of reference 
— a working library 
— has been gradu- 
ally accumulated. 
During the junior 
josKPH CLAKK, PRINCIPAL. year the pupils 



spend eight weeks in obser\ation .md pr.ictice teaching in the 
Training Department, under the supervision of well-trained 
teachers. In the senior year they spend the same time in the 
class-rooms of the grammar schools, obserxing and teaching 
in the daily work of the .schools and under the skilleil care an<l 
direction of the principal and his teachers. The results of this 




THE NORM.\L SCHOOL, MAKKliT STUKET. 



It is 




practice work is reported from each school and recorded, 
an important factor in their graduation. 

The Normal School has ad\anced steadily since its organiza- 
tion, and has become a most important factor in our educa- 
tional system. Since .\piil. 1S94, it has been under the care of 
Principal Joseph Clark, who has been identihed with our public 
schools for more than forty years. 

Principal Joseph Clark was born in Syracuse. New York, of 
New England ancestry. He received his education in the 
Fayetteville Academy, an institution of considerable note in that 
part of the State. He came to Newark in the f.ill of 1S48. In 
1851 he was appointed as assistant teacher in the Lafayette 
Street Public School. In 1854 he was promoted to the prin- 
cipalship of the Lock Street (now Wickliffe) .-.chool. and in 
1857 he was transferred to the Lafayette Street Public School. 

During his long service in the schools of the city he has been 
closely identified with the interest of the Fifth Ward, and has 
been a prominent f.ictor in the lives and character of a large 
number of those who aie now our respected and influential 
citizens. He has been prominently connected with the Sixth 
Presbyterian Church, and in the Sunday-school and Church has 
always taken a prominent place. 

Among the many able and well-known citizens who have 
become identified with the educational interests of this city, 
those who know- Principal Joseph Clark best, declare that a 
more genial companion, a truer friend or a larger hearted man 
is not within the circle of their ac(|uaintance. 



rs 



ESSEX COUXTV, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



HAMBURG PL. SCHOOL. 

THE school building wliicli 
forms the illuslr.ilion on 
this page was ert-cled during 
the years 1S.S1-3. It was opened 
for the receplion of pupils Aprd 
10. iSSj. although at that time 
the building was in an unlinished 
condilion. Five classes were 
organized at once and the 
school placed under the care of 
Miss r.mnia F". Baldwin, as 
\ice-l'rincipal. In October. 
1SS2, the building was com- 
pleted and the nuruber of classes 
increased to eight, the full 
capacity of the house. 

Fred. \V. Foit became the 
Principal of the school on Nov. 
8, 1S82. At that time there 
were about 400 pupils in attend- 
ance. Four years later the 
budding was enlarged by the 
addition of six class-rooms. In 
Sept.. 1886, all the rooms were 
tilled with large-sized classes. 

The school has never suffered for lack of pupils. Year after 
year, portions of its territory have been assigned to other school 
districts. In 1890 ihe school authorities were obliged to laUe 
measures to furnish more accommodations for the locality in 
which this school is situated. In Sept.. 1892. Ann Street 
School was ready for the admission of pupils. This new build- 
ing contained eight rooms, and in a very few months every se.il 
was occupied. 

When the term opened in Sept., 1895, Hamburg Place School 
was again crowded. More pupils than ever sought adtuission. 
Hy Jan. I, 1896, four more rooins had been made ready, and 
when the winter term began these rooms were at once lilled 
from the overflow pupils in the fourteen other classes. 

The growth of the section of the city in which Hamburg 
Place School is situated has been very great during the last ten 
years, and this fact largely explains the demand for increased 
school facilities. The territory that furnished about 400 pupils 

in 1S82. recpiired 
accommod.itions 
for about 1600 in 
1S95. and points 
out the reason 
why H a m bu rg 
Place School has 
become one of the 
Ingest (Irammar 
schools in the city. 
The Princip.d 
of this sch 00 I , 
I'red. W. Fori, 
was born in New 
Providence, N. J. 
I le is ;i son of 
Jacob P. Fort, 
a Methodist 
preacher and for 
many years a well 
known member 
FKt-i.EKicK w. Kokt. "f 'hc Newark 





HAMIHJKt; PLACE SCHOOL. 

Conference. His uncle. George F. Fort, was the Governor of 
the Stale of Xew Jersey ii\ 1S32. For a number of years, some 
member of the family has been prominent in either the social, 
religious or political history of the State. 

Owing to the fact that his father never lived in any locality 
for mote than two or three years, Mr. Fort received his earh 
school instruction in several of the different towns and vill.igi'^ 
in the northern part of the State. At the age of fourteen. In 
entered Pennington Seminary, and after two years graduated 
from that institution jjiepared to enter college Mr. Fort found 
it necessary to take charge of a country school after graduating 
from the Seminary, in order to |)rovide means for continuini; 
liis education. During a ])ortion of this time he received " ,1 
dollar a day and boarded around." 

In 1871, Mr. r'ort entered Wesleyan University, Middletown, 
Conn. After devoting two years to study he was obliged to 
leave college for a year, that he inight by teaching secure tin- 
money needed to meet the expenses for the remainder of his 
college life. Returning to college, he was able to complete tin- 
course and graduate with the class of 1875. His scholarship 
was good while a student, and at graduation h"- reoiv.,! 
"Special Honor" in Chemistiy. 

Mr. Fort has always been a great admirer of athletic sports. 
He was a member of the class "nine." the class boat crew, and 
in 1S75 belonged to the college crew and participated in tin 
great Regatta on Saralog.i Lake. 

After graduating. Mr. Fort decided to enter the profession I'l 
teaching. Since that time he has been in charge of three differ- 
ent schools in this state. Two years were spent in Summit, six 
in Linden, and the balance of the time in charge of Hamburg 
Place School of Newark. 

While at Summit he was largely instrumental in arousing the 
people of that beautiful town to the fact that a large and com- 
modious building was absolutely necessary. He acted as the 
Secretary of the several public meetings, and was much grati- 
fied when, by an almost un.inimous voice, the people decided to 
erect the handsome building which is now the pride of that 
community. Mr. I'"ort has been Principal of Hamburg Place 
School for nearly fifteen years. 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED 



79 



THIRTEENTH AVE. SCHOOL 

THE Thirteenth Avetitie Public 
School is admittedly one of 
the largest and handsomest of the 
more modern buildings of Newark. 
The plot of ground upon which it 
stands is considered one of the 
most desirable locations in the city 
for a public school, and was securec 
by the Board of Education in 1SS7. 
The same year the erection of a 
building containing nine class- 
rooms was commenced. It was 
intended to have the house ready 
for occupancy Sept. i, 1888, but 
owing to delays on the part of the 
builders it was not opened till Nov. '^- - - 

19th of that year. Within three ~- 

years it was found necessary to 
enlarge the building in order to 
keep pace with the growth of the 

school, consequently in 1S91. eight class-rooms were added, 
making seventeen in all. 

The building is of brick and contains the most modern sys- 
tems of heating and ventilation. Beside the regular class-rooms, 
wardrobes, etc., there are eight rooms for the accommodation 
of the teachers, a co/y and handsomely furnished office for the 
use of the principal, and large and commodious courts thorough- 
ly heated by steam and capable of accomodating the entire 
school at recess or intermission during stormy and cold weather. 
From roof to basement the building is a model of cleanliness 
and neatness and is a source 0/ much pi hie and gratification 
to its patrons. 

A plan is already on foot to acquire an adjoining |)lot of land 
with the intention of once more enlarging this great building, by 
an addition of from six to nine more class-rooms. -Should this 
be accomplished, Thirteenth .Avenue will be one of the largest 
school buildings in the St.ite of New Jersey. 

Albert B. Wilson is one of the youngest school princip.ils of 
Newark. He was born at Bridgeport, Conn., in 1S61, and at- 
tended the public schools of that city from his sixth to his 
fifteenth year, when he entered the Golden Hill Institute, then 
one of the best known private educ.itional institutions in Con- 
necticut. After a 
four year's course 
here, he gradu- 
ated in iSSo and 
at once entered 
upon his work as 
a teacher, which 
he has followed 
ever since. In 
1890 he complet- 
ed a course in the 
History and Phil- 
osophy of Educa- 
tion, at the Uni- 
versity of the City 
of New York. 

Mr. Wilson 
came to Newark 
in 1887, as Vice- 
Principal of the 
Chestnut Street 

ALBERT B. WILSON. School. Hc rC- 





THIKTEENTH AVENUE SCHOOL. 



mained here from Sept , 1887 to Nov., 1SS8, when he was asked 
to organize and open the new Thirteenth Avenue School, as 
its principal. This position he has now held for nine years and 
during that time has seen the school grow from 250 pupils with 
six teachers to over 1000 pupils with seventeen teachers. 

Mr. Wilson comes naturally by his love for his profession, 
liDlh his father and mother being at onetime teaihers in New 
Yolk and his father for over thirty years a principal in Bridge- 
]5ort schools. 

A visit to Thirteenth Avenue and an investigation of the 
building and school will well re|iay anyone interested in the 
educational system of our city. 

Principal Wilson is one of Newark's most progressive edu- 
cators. He carries with him the warm affection of his pupils 
as well as the high regard of the people and the co-operation 
of the Board of Education, in advancing the educational interests 
of those entrusted to his kind care. 

He is a very genial, pleasant and accomplished gentleman, 
a natural-born teacher, and the thorough discipline of the 
school and the rapid advancement of the pupils under his 
charge give testimony of our statements of him. 

At the Thirteenth Avenue School he has the most hearty 
respect and co-operation of his teachers. The whole corps 
are deeply interested in, and very proud of their school. 
Thoroughness is the inspiration and the aim of the system, 
and the watch-word of the teachers. It is intended that the 
pupils shall know perfectly from root to branch, the subjects 
t.iught. and such is the discipline and efficiency of the system 
th.it even the dullard and the laggard cannot but choose to 
learn. In music, the Thirteenth .Avenue .School is unusually 
proficient. 

Albert B. Wilson is an active reformer in the educational 
field. He seeks for a culture of all ihe faculties of bodv and 
mind, a man of great executive ability and an able and pro- 
gressive educator. To him has been imparted that peculiar 
gift of nature which is vouchsafed to few ; that is, the faculty of 
inspiring others with the belief when teaching that he not only 
has a perfect knowlege of what he teaches but knows just how 
to impart it to others. 

It is just such a school as the Thirteenth Avenue School is, 
through Mr. Wilson's efforts, which has given the Citv of 
Newark its ad\anced place as an educational centre. 

The accompanying cut is a perfect and life-like photo of 
Prof. Albert B. Wilson. 



80 



ESSEX COUNTY, X. J.. ILUSTRATED. 



Room \v 



IS complftcc 



BURNET ST SCHOOL 

WHICH is clc-li;,'lufully lo- 
cati<l on BuTiKt slicct. 

between Oranj^e and James 

streets, was first opened on Scp- 

tember6. iSCg.and with lluclose 

of the present school year it 

will complete its 2Slh year. 

The buildmj; orii^inally con- 
tained fourteen rooms, but two 

new rooms were completed in 

April. 1892. The sixteen rooms 

are on one tloor. and in this re- 
spect the biiildinj; differs from 

all others in the ciiy. I'nder 

the class-rooms are four large 

and well-liL;htfd pl.iy-courts. 

cloak-room, boiler-room and the 

principal's oflice. Adj;icent to 

each court is a y.ird. ;ind in 

front of the buildinj;, on lUniiet 

street, is a larj^e, well-kepi 

cani|)us. of which the pupils 

and teachers are justly proud. 

In the centre of the yard is a 

llajj-pole, erected on Decoration 

Day, 1S89, at a cost of S90, 

raised by entertainment, A 

commodious, well-appointed Teachers 

in March, 1896. 

The school has had oidy two princip.ds — William .\. 

lircckenridgc, who resigned in i8S6and is now living in Palmer, 

.Mass., and \Vm. IC. llissell. the jiresent ])rincipal, who will this 

vear com|)lete his eleventh year in the school. To Mr. Hrickcn- 

ridge's untiring efforts during many years of service the school 

owes much of its efliciency as one of the links in oin- iniporl.int 

svstein of instruction. Mr. Brcckenridge was identified with 

the schools of Newark long before he was called to the princi- 

palship of the liiirnet Street School, and spent nuire th.m thirtv 

years in the city. 

When Mr, Hreckenridge resigned in 18S6, lluie were more 

than fifty applicants for the posi'ion. Among the number was 

Mr, nissell, the present principal, who for nine years had been 

in charge of the de- 
partment of mathe- 
matics in the Rut- 
'.^ers College Pre- 
;i,iratory .School, 
New Brunswick, N, 
I., succeeding the 
Lite I'rof,,\lexander 
lohnston.of I'rince- 
lonCollegcasprin- 
ipal of the school, 
II) 1879. Mr. Ris- 
M-ll was gradu.ited 
!iom the New Jer- 
ey Normal School 
with honor in 1876, 
and in iSSi he re- 
ceived the honorary 
degree of A, 15. 
from Rutgers Col- 
lege in recognition 
wM. ,\. iiiiKCKr.NKiDOK. of Valuable serviccs. 





liUKNF.T .STREET SCllOOI., 



Since Mr. ISissell came to Newark he has spared neither time 
nor effort to place the school under his charge in the very besi 
rondiiion possible. The discipline is characterized by persist tin 
firmness always tempered with wise diplomacy, and suspensii' 
occur only when necessary for the good of the majoritv, 1 



the lower hall off the Grammar boys' pl.iy-courl, hangs the 
only rule which they are CNpected to observe — " Let's all bi- 
gentlemen," The standard of scholarship is high enough ' 
make the securing of special honors a positive cretlit to faithliii 
pupils. Principal Bissell firmly believes that the present system 
of marking is one of the best ever devised, if proper Iv us,- 
lie is also heartilv in favor of the honorary system, but believ ' 
that it will work incalculable harm if not used with great (h 
cretion, -Since the honorary system went into effect in i8> 
Burnet Street .School has sent, upon an average, one-third of w 
sixty-five or seventy 
graduates to the 
High .School each 
year as " honorary" 
pupils. According 
to reports received 
from the Princi|)al 
of the High School, 
very few of these 
|)upils fail to sus- 
tain a" fair " stand- 
ing, and a goodly 
number continue to 
do " h o n o r a r v " 
work. .Such results 
prove conclusively 
the wisdom of 
maintaining a high 
standard. In Bur- 
net -Street .School, 
the marks placed 
upon the pupil's 




ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



SI 



niontlily cards always represent accomplisJimenl — not 
intention. The marks are not given simply to fill up 
certain spaces on the cards, nor to please parents ; but 
they are given as reliable statements of ivhat the 
pupils have done. Any other record is considered a 
gross fraud practiced upon parents and pupils. 

In Sei)t., 1894. the teachers of the Grammar depart- 
ment suggested to Principal Bissell the advisability of 
organizing among the pupils a society whose object 
should be two-fold, first, the exaltation of gentlemanl\ 
and ladylike conduct ; second, the suitable rewarding 
of such conduct through enterlainments of an educa- 
tive nature held at stated periods. iMr. Bissell heartily 
" seconded the motion," and the result was the estab- 
nient of the " Loyal League." Many naines were pro- 
posed for the new organization, but none seemed so 
suitable as the one chosen, conveying, as it does, the 
meaning of the society's motto — " He conquers who 
overcomes himself." The membership badge is a 
ribbon with the word " Loyalty " stamped upon it in 
silver letters. The 8th year colors are two shades of 
purple; 7th year, two shades of yellow; 6th year, two 
shades of red ; 5th year, two shades of blue. Each 
grade has four members upon the committee, and 
these, with the teachers, wear white badges. 

The condition of membership is very simple. Any pupil who 
is rated " excellent " or " good " in deportment for any month 
is a member of the Loyal League during the month immediately 
following. The precentage of membership is always large. 

The monthly cards are distributed on the first Monday of 
each month, and the entertainments occur on the Friday fol- 
lowing. The badges are worn at the entertainments and on 
the other Friday afternoons of the month. 

The monthly entertainments have been held regularly, and 
have been much enjoyed by the pupils and teachers and their 
friends They ha\e been so discreetly prepared and conducted 
that they have in no way interfered with the regular scholastic 
work of the school. Many friends and former pupils have 
kindly assisted, and the pupils who have taken part have cer- 
tainly reaped benefit in many ways. 

The League publishes a very neat and interesting eight-page 





CHESTNUT STREET SCHOOL. 



MILLER STREET SCHOOL. 

school paper twice each year —a holiday and Easter number. 
A plan very similar to that of the Loyal League, but neces- 
sarily modified, is in successful use in the primary department. 
Since Mr. Bissell assumed charge of the school in 1886, tlie 
School Library has grown from 37 volumes to fully 1,000 
volumes. In December, 18S7, the school held a large fair in 
Oraton Hall and cleared $491.25. which was used towards sup- 
plying the school with a circulating and reference library. The 
success of this fair was due to the earnest and hearty co- 
operation of all the teachers and |)upils. In April. r892, a 
"Class Fair" netted S'35. which was used to purchase a circu- 
lating library specially for the primary pupils. The Reference 
Library contains about 100 well-selected and much used books. 
The school entertainments are always of a high order. 
Those which have been held during the past ten years have 
netted about $1,300, all of which have been used to the 
school's benefit. 

The regularity and punctuality of the pupils 
speak well for them and their school. The cases 
of tardiness during the present principalship have 
been as follows: 1886-87, 180; 1887-S8, 35; 188S-- 
Sg, 17; 1S89-90, 32; 1890-91. 41; 1891-92, 19; 
1S92-93, 19; 1S93-94.30; 1894-95,35; 1895-96,30. 
The average during the last nine years has been 
only 29, against iSo during the first year. 

That punctuality is not secured at the expense of 
attendance is evident from the fact that the average 
percentage of attendance in all the classes is usu- 
ally above pj per cent. 

The good work accomplished by the Burnet 
Street School is in no small measure due to the 
loyalty and efficiency of its corps of teachers. It 
is also true that the school has been very fortunate 
in having as commissioners, gentlemen who have 
given prompt and intelligent consideration to all 
matters pertaining to the school's welfare. 

These illustrations represent the Chestnut Street 
School, opened September, i860; enlarged 1870; 
class rooms, 15; Principal, David Maclure. Miller 
Street School, opened June, l88r; enlarged 1887-88; 
classrooms, 14; Principal, J. Wilmer Kennedy. 



82 



ESSEX COVXTY, X. J., ILLUSTRATED 



WASHINGTON STREET 
SCHOOL. 

THE oUI Third Ward Scliool 
was buill in 1843-4. Ai 
this lime there were live wards 
in Newark -the North. East, 
South. West and Fifth. This 
school was in the South Ward. 
It was the first public school 
building erected in the city. 
Rented buildings were hereto- 
fore used. It was located on 
Hill and Court Streets, and was 
two stories high. The upper 
lloor was used as the male de- 
partment and had its entrance 
on Court Street. The lower 
lloor was used as the female de- 
partment and its entrance was 
on Hill Street. There was a 
front yard on each street, the 
building being placed equally 
distant from the sidewalk of 
either street. Riker's jewelry 
factory now occupies the site. 
Each lloor consisted of one large 
room and two small recitation 
rooms. The children studied 
in the large assembly rooms. 
and recited to monitors in the 
recitation rooms. In i860, these 
large rooms were divided by 
glass partitions, making three 

rooms en each floor, each seating fifty pupils. The large rooms 
were heated by stoves, but the recitation rooms were not heated. 
It was a Grammar .School. Nelson .Mowry w.is its first princi- 
pal. He was succeeded by Iose])h A. Andrews. 

In May, 1856, a I^rimary Industrial School was organized in 
a building rented by the Hoard of Education, on West Kinney 
Street, corner of I'.eecher Street These Industrial Schools 
were to feed the Grammar Schools. In i860, the Third Ward 
Primary .School was opened in a building in Fair .Street. It 
was two stories high, one room on 1 .ich lloor. Mary A. Wood- 
ruff was its first 
prindip.il and held 
that position 
some years after 
the present build- 
ing was occupied. 
In iS62.the Thirfl 
W'ard Industrial 
School moved to 
the building on 
Mulberry street, 
near Chestnut 
Street, known as 
Mulberry Chapel, 
and the T h i r d 
Ward I' r i m a r y 
.School moved 
from the Fair 
.Street building to 
a building corner 
_, of Kinney and 

KKANK 11. ii.\Nsos, A. M. Beechcr Streets. 





W.VSHINGTON STRF.KT SLllOOI.. 

In 1S60. Samuel W. Clark succeeded Mr. Andrews as |)rii^ 
pal of the grammar school. In 1867, the primary school mo\ i 
again to the building on the corner of Court and Nevada Streei 
<il)posite the grammar school. In 186S, the present building • 
Washington Street near West Kinney Street was completr 
ISolh grammar and primaiy schools moved for the last time ' 
orcupv it. In 1879. Mr. li. C. Gregory succeeded Mr. Samn 
W. Clark, who resigned to conduct a Sunday School papi i 
which was published in I'hiladelphi.i. 

In 1882, the crowded condition of W.ishington Street School 
maile it necessary to provide greater facilities, and a building ' 
the corner of Coe Place and .M.ushall Street, formely used as 
jewelry factory, was rented and opened into two primary classic 
It increased rapidly, and in 1SS3 there were four classes. !■ 
1SS8 the property was purchased, and in 18S9 a new building 
of two rooms was added and used in connection with the d ^ 
building. .At present there ,ire five classes in the .Marsh. i 
Street School. 

In 1S8S, Mr. 15. C. Gregory was succeeded by Mr. Frank 11 
Hanson, A. M , a graduate of Colby University, who is siill in 
charge of the school. Mr Gregory resigned to accept the posi- 
tion of Supervising Principal of I'uiilic Schools at Tienton, N. 1. 
The school ranks with the best of Newark's schools. Abimi 
800 children attend the school. Principal G. O. F. Taylor on^ • 
taught here. The roll of teachers for the past thirty or nmir 
years contains many honorable and worthy names, and we an 
sure that the old Third Ward has been greatly favored alw.i\ ^ 
in this resi)ect. 

The illustrations presented on this page represent the Wash- 
ington Street School and its present able I'rincipal. These 
recall to miml the steady outgrowth of the old South Ward 
School, and the triumph of public education in Esse.\ County. 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



<5.> 



EIGHTEENTH AVENUE 
SCHOOL. 

ONK of the many schools of 
which Newnrk may well 
be prouii, is the Eighteenth 
Avenue School. It is located 
in the southwestern part of the 
city. Its grourids are bounded 
by three streets, so that the 
building stands in an open 
space, thus providing ample 
light to each class-room — an 
advantage greatly to he desired. 
The tirst building" was erected 
in 1 87 1, and consisted of eight 
class-rooms. In 1873 it became 
necessary in enlarge it, by the 
addition of a luiilding in the 
form of a large T, which, sur- 
mounted by two turrets, added 
to the architectural beauty of 
the present structure. This 
made a school of nineteen class- 
rooms, none too large to meet 

the demands of the rapidly increasing population of the old 
Thirteenth Ward. The pui)ils and patrons of its early days 
purchased a large bell, which is hung in a belfry, and its tones 
call the children from far and near to each session of the school. 
This has been of the greatest advantage in reducing to almost 
a minimum the number of cases of tardiness. 

The Eighteenth Avenue School has been fortunate in ha\ ing 
for its princi|)als men of character as well as intellect. Of 
these, when the school was but an intermediate school, Princi- 
pals Smith, Schulte, Kennedy and Maclure were promoti-d to 
grammar schools. 

The school was opened as a primary school. It soon 
advanced to an intermediate school, having no grade higher 
than the si.\th year. It was necessary for pupils wishing to 
enter the High School, to be admitted to a grammar school for 
the remaining two year's course. The Eighteenth Avenue 
School was an intermediate school when Henry J. Dougherty, 
the present principal, assumed control. Through his untiring 
efforts, with the heartv co-operation of his teachers, the grade 

of the school 
steadily adv.uiced 
and in 1891 the 
first graduates of 
Eighteenth Ave- 
nue School en- 
tered the High 
School. 

It has been the 
custom for each 
graduating class 
to leave a class 
memorial. The 
class-room h a s 
ni a n ) beautiful 
tokens of its 
former inmates, 
which serve as 
an inspiration to 
those who are still 
treading the path 
HENKY J. uououEKiv. of learning in the 





EIGHTEENTH .WENUE SCHOOL. 

old familiar place. The gr.iduates have formed an ahunni 
association, which is in a flourishing condition. Thus, a bond 
of friendship has been cemented between the present pu|)ils of 
the school and those who have passed out from their alma 
mater. The school has good reason to mention the alumni 
with pride and gratitude. 

From time to time, the school has held very successful as 
well as pleasing entertaimiients. The funds derived therefrom 
have been judiciously spent. As a residt of these investments, 
the school can boast of a fine library, containing several sets of 
encyclopaedias, histories, books of reference and works of 
standard writers, which are of interest to pupils and teachers 
alike. 

Since the observance of .Arbor Day by the public schools of 
the city, many trees have been jilanted in the playgrounds and 
on the streets bounding them, so that shade and beauty are 
thus provided. The front lawns are kept in good condition 
tluring the season, and flowers in beds and urns add much 
to the good appearance of the building. 

An annex on Livingston street, with its entrance on the 
Eighteenth Avenue School grounds, was budt in the early part 
of 1S94. and the two buildings, which may properly be con- 
sidered one school, have a seating capacity for 1,280 pupils. 

In October, 1891, the school was opened as an evening 
school, holding sessions during five months of each year. 
Many parents are compelled to take their children from the day 
schools as soon as they have reached an age when they can earn 
something. The evening school offers advantages to this class 
of pupils. 

During the summer of 1895, the Eighteenth Avenue School 
opened its doors for si.\ weeks as a summer school. The 
attendance was good for the entire term, which shows the ap- 
preciation felt by those living in the vicinity of the school. No 
national holiday ever passed without appropriate exercises by 
the school on the day preceding such holiday. 

That patriotism has been instilled in the hearts of the pupils 
of the Eighteenth Avenue School is evinced from the following 
fact : The first memorial left to the school by the first gradu- 
ates of the school was Old Glory. The stars and stripes were 
cut by the boys of '91 , and the girls sewed together that emblem 
which is the pride and glory of every true American heart. 



S4 



ESSEX COrXTY. X. J.. ILU'STRATED. 



I 



SOUTH MARKET STREET SCHOOL. 

IN the year 1S55. the city of Newark expended 
what was then a large amount of money, in 
the construction of scliool-houses. The South 
Market Street School was one of the buildings con- 
structed in that year. This building, and several 
others in the city, were constructed on one plan 
and were then considered models of school archi- 
tecture, and replete with all the latest and neces- 
sary appliances and facilities of a first-class school 
building, and was intended to accommodate three 
hundred and fifty pupils. During the two score 
years of the history of this school, many of the 
scholars from this school have become ])rominem 
and intluential citizens of Newark. 

Mr. Samuel W. Clark, the first Principal of South 
.Market Street School, a man of sterling character, 
remained a number of years. His able successor, 
William Johnson, also remained at the head of the 
school some ten or more years, and ably conducted 
the eflicient and popular methods of his prede- 
cessor. J. Newton Smith was the next Principal. 
For the past sixteen years the school has been in 
charge of Mr. William P. H. I 'rick. 

The school accommodations furnished by this old building 
have long since become inadequate for the growing neighbor- 
hood. More than double the original number of seats have 
been crowded into the house and filled, and |Hipils are turned 
away for want of room. 




SOUTH MARi;i-:r sik[ci-;t school. 

rooms for the teachers. The class-rooms are large, well lighted 
and ventilated, and each capable of seating sixty pupils. Each 
room is provided with a cloak room, and cloak rooms, courts 
and the class-rooms are all heated by steam. The building and 
site are valued at S3''',ooo. 



HAWKINS STREET SCHOOL, 

Till-: Hawkins Street School was erected in 1SS7-S8, and 
was first opened on January 3, 1889. It first opened 
with five class-rooms occupied, and continued vvitii that number 
a year and a half, being during that time an .annex to South 
Market Street School. 

In Se|)tember, 1891, another class-room was opened and Mr. 
Clarence S. Giffin was appointed Principal of the school. The 
following September another class-room was opened, and the 
school has since continued with seven class-rooms occupied. 
There is yet one unoccupied room. 

The ground fioor of the building is occujiied by the Princi- 
pal's office and reception room, the boiler room and two large 
courts, one each for the boys and girls. The second and third 
floors are each occupied by four class-rooms, and reception 




THE ■■ 

IN reviewing the ste| 
of the ' Franklin ' 
at hand for the earlier 
made to go into detail, 
no more than a town. ,■ 
schools, the cus- 
tom prevailed of 
naming them in 
honor of noted 
men. Therefore, 
o n e located in 
w hat is no w 
known as t h e 
Fourth Ward of 
the city, w a s 
named in honor 



FRANKLIN" SCHOOL. 

!)s tliat have led up to the establishment 

•School as we know it to-day, the data 

stages is so meagre that no attempt is 

Suflice to say, that when Newark was 

ind only the three R's were taught in the 




H.WN MiSs sruKi 



of our illustrious 
Franklin. 

The site of this 
school was pur- 
chased by N. J. 
C. R. K. Co. and 
the money turned 
over to the munic- 
ipal authorities to 
be set aside for 
the purpose of 
locating a school 
bearing the same 

name in another portion of the city. After a number of years, 
when it became ajiparent to the IJoard of Education that the 
school accommodation of the Eighth Ward was inadecpiate to 
meet the wants of this section of the city, the present site on 
Fifth Avenue was purchased ; however, not without some 



Wll.I.IAM I', n. URICK. 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



85 



friction in the Board of Educa- 
tion, as other sections of the city 
made a strong fight for its loca- 
tion. Therefore, this money 
held in reserve by the Board of 
Education was spent in pur- 
chase of this site. 

An eight-room building was 
built on the above site, and 
what was known as the Frank- 
hn Pulilic Primary School was 
organized in September, 18S9, 
with the following corps of 
teachers : T. T. Collard, Princi- 
pal ; Miss Amy Simpson, Miss 
Ida J. Morrison. Miss F. A. 
I hiring. Miss E. Klotz Miss M. 
A. Baldwin, Miss J. Dettmer. 
Miss M.C. Haskell, Miss E. L, 
Sayre. In April. 1893. Miss 
Al)bie P. McHugh was made 
Principal, and Mr. Collard was 
transferred to North Seventh 
Street School. 

It soon became aiiparent that 
an eight-room building was too 
small to accommodate the 
school population, and hence 

the necessity for and enlargement of the buikling. This was 
brought about largely through the efforts of tlie School Com- 
missioner of the ward directly interested in this school. Mr. 
Moses J. DeWitt. The addition made consisted of eight class- 
rooms, a fine assembly hall and court. Therefore, the present 
building is ec|uipped with 16 class-rooms, two large commodious 
courts, and an assembly hall that will seat 500 people or more. 
Upon opening the schools in September, 1S95, the Board of 
Education decided to make the " Franklin " School a grammar 
school, thus really transferring the grammar department of 
Webster Street School, leaving the latter a primary school. 
Also the I51oomfield anne.\, a two-room primary school, was 
abolished, and pupils transferred to the " Franklin " primary. 
This necessitated changing the teachers from the Webster St. 
grammar and Bloomfield Ave. annex to the " Franklin " School, 
which was done before the opening of school in September. 

Upon opening of 
school it was not 
known just how 
many of the sixteen 
class-rooms would 
be occupied, but in 
a day or so it was 
evident that everv 
class-room woulil 
have to be used, as 
over 900 children 
applied fur admis- 
sion the first week 
of school. 

The following is 
the corps of teach- 
ers : Crammer De- 
partment — 1 rinci- 
pal, A. G. Balcom ; 
V.-Frincipal, Abbie 
P. McHugh ; As- 
A. G, B.^ixoM. sistants. Belle M. 




iHF. ■■FRANt;i,IN SCHOOL. 

Core, Anna L. Garrabrant. May Woodruff, Jessie B. Mikels, 
Amy Simpson. Claribel Cogl, Juliet Dettmer. Primary 
Department -Vice-Principal, Annie E. Curtis; Assistants, Car- 
oline Y. Haulenbeek, H. Isabel Smith. Ada E. Sargeant, M. 
Fannie Brackin, Mary G. Haskell. E. Louise Sayre, Florence A. 
Haring. 

WALNUT STREET SCHOOL. 

THIS school, located in the Tenth Ward, is a Primary 
School. The building was erected in 1862 and remodeled 
in 1S77. It contains eight class-rooms and a teachers' 
and principal's room. It is heated by steam, and although 
small, is a comfortable building. 

This school has for its principal. Miss S. Fannie Carter ; Miss 
Carrie C. Hutchings is head teacher. The assistants are the 
Misses Laura C. l^elano, Elizabeth Rodamor, Florence J. 
Farmer, Abbie J. Hoppaugh, Mattie M. Miller, Agnes Geppert 
and Carrie M. Welcher. 





WALNUT S'lREET SCHOOL. 



.s'6' 



ESSEX COrXTV. X. J.. ILLUSTRATED. 



OLIVER ST. SCHOOL. 

TWV. Oliver Stiixt (".raminar 
School was opened Sepl. 6, 
1869. The (ledicatiori e,\crcises 
were lielil in llie building Friday, 
Aug. 31. 1'. \V. Ricord. I'res- 
sideiil of the Bo.ird of lidiica- 
tioii. presided. Addresses were 
made In 1' reside 11 1 F. \V. 
Kicord, SiiperinUiidant of 
.Schools Geo. li. .Sears ;iiid the 
ward commissioneis 1!. 11. 
Douglas and Klihu I!. Karl. 
1 he building contains fourteen 
cl.iss rooms and will accommo- 
date about eight lumdred child- 
ren. The building and site cost 
$56,310. 

Joseph A. Hallock was ap- 
pointed principal and remained 
till 1877. W'ni. H. Flston was 
then ai)poinled. He resigned 
\\\ 1S79. .uid was succeeded by 
Kdwin Shepard the present 
princip.d. The following have 
served .is Xice-I'iincipals and 
Assistants suice the school was 
organized: Vice-I'rincipals of 
tirainiiiar I'^epartment, Win. 
Haves and .Mrs Carrie .-\. Hal- 
lock, both of whom have dieil ; 

Miss Funice .\. McLeod, who is now occupying a similar 
position in the IClliot Street (Iranimar School; lilizabelli H. 
I5inr, now Mrs. I'eck. of Stroudsburg, I'a., and Susie Steele; 
Vice-1'rincipals of the Primary Department, Anna F. Curtis, 
now connected with the " Franklin " School ; I^aura C. Delanoe, 
at present leaching in W.dnut Slreet School ; Fmma J. Dean, 
now Mrs. Wm. Dougall, living iji Newark; .Annie E. Harrison, 
who resigned, and Fmma Finler; Assistants, Carrie Hutch- 
ings, now in Walnut Street School; FaDu.i |. Slu-rilf. now Mis. 
Tilus, living in Newark; Sarah F. Beam, llenriett.i Price, 
iesigne<l. living in Newark; Emma L. Lewis, now Mrs. ("iroves, 
living in New.irk; Kale Roche, .Mice .\I. Si|uire, now Mrs, 

T h o in |) s o n ; 
Mary Benjamin, 
now Mrs. Foster 
of Newark; Fan- 
nie Steele, Jean 
M. Hendry, now 
Mrs. Dr. Few 
Smith, of New- 
ark ; Mary D. 
Kirkpalrick.iiow 
at Ann Slreet 
School ; I lannah 
Moore, Kate H, 
Belcher, now 
teaching in 
Orange, N, J. ; 
Electa M. But- 
ler, now a miss- 
ionary in Can- 
ton, China; 
Sarah M. Baker, 
1.1.U1.S aiiti'AKu. now Mrs. Baker, 





01,IVI;R .SI'kF.Kl' SCHOOL. 

of Newark; Hatlie J. Clark, now Mrs. Ch.irles \\". Connell, of 
Newark; Annie O. Hopjjaugh. now Mrs. D. (".. Maclay, of 
I'argo. N. D. ; M. Melissa Harrison, now Mrs. Frank Gibson 
of Newark; Id.i M. Halcher. M. .Vdelaide Healey, Kuth L. 
llampson, now Mrs. F. C. Nettleship, of Newark; .•\nnie I^. 
Rogers now Mrs. Stewart; Mary E. Maclay. L. Belle Ludlow, 
Lizzie D. Tucker, now Mrs. C. Hopwood, of New-ark; Alice 
Dod, now Mrs. Ketcham ; Belle Kirk, now Mrs. Folsom, of 
Kearney. N j.; Daisy M. Law, Evie Synions, A. NL Beyer, 
now in High .School; Florence G. Carter, now Mrs. Egner, of 
New. irk: L. F.dn.i I"reem:in, and Sarah C. Moore; also the 
following who are deceased: Mrs. H. M. Willis, .ind Emm;i 
Hobbis. 

The graduates from the school number seven hundred and 
flfly-lwo and are scattered from one ft\u\ of the country to the 
other. All the professions are represented by ihem, and our 
boys and girls are to be found in every walk of life. Twenty-six 
of the graduates have become teachers in our schools, two of 
them are in the Newark High .School, and tliree are represented 
in the jjiesent faculty of the school. Connected with the school 
is a line librarv consisting of over nine hundred volumes. This 
is the largest grammar school library in the city. More than 
fifteen hundred dollars has b< en e.\pended in books :uKi charts 
since it was established. The books and magazines are in con- 
slant circulation, and furnish families of the ward much useful 
reading. All this money, save one hundred dollars given by the 
state, h;is been raised by the pupils and teachers. The value 
derived from the school library can hardly be estimated ; as an 
educational factor, it is second only to the teacher. 

The patrons of (he school take special pritle in its welfare. 
This is shown by the large number yearly graduated to the 
High School and by its liberal contributions to its library and 
other improvements. The walls are decorated with many fine 
pictures and the front yard is one of the best kept in the city. 



ESSEX COrXTY, X. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



ST 



SOUTH STREET SCHOOL. 

IN the report of Superintendent Barringer for 
1875, attention was called to the over- 
crowded condition of the schools of the Tenth 
Ward ; and, in the same year, a building was 
rented in Thomas street, near Hermon. Jan- 
, uary 3. 1876, two rooms were opened, with Mrs. 
i Carrie A. Haliock incharge. In September, 1876, 
I Miss Eunice A. Mcl.eod took Mrs. Hallock's 
i place and continued as Principal until the South 
Street building was completed. Still, the 
accommod.uions were insufficient for this sec- 
tion, and in r882 a site was bought corner of 
South and Hermon streets. In 18S3-4, addi- 
tional appropriations were made and the build- 
ing begun. 

In September, 1S84, the school was formally 
opened by Superintendent Barringer and Com- 
missioners John L. Armitnge and Seymour 
Tucker, with I'lincipnl W. J. Kennedy in 
charge. During the first year there were 479 
pupils and seven teachers. Two of these 
teachers. Miss Mary M. Parker and Miss Mary 
D. Kirkpatrick, weie from Thomas Street 
School, and two. Miss Hannah Moore and Miss Mary E. 
Bedell, were from Garden Street School. Miss H.uinah Moore 
was appointed first Vice-Principal. September i, 18S6, Prin- 
cipal Kennedy was 'Succeeded by Mr. J. L. Terwilliger, of 
Washington. N. J. Principal Terwilliger was transferred Sep- 
tember I, 18S9, and Lewis W. Thurlier, of Paterson, was 
appointed. 

April I, 1892, the School was changed from Primary lo Ir.ler- 
niediate. and remained so till September I, 1892, when the class 
of Intermediate schools was abolished and South Street School 
was changed to Primary. 

Mr. Thurber remained Principal until April i, 1894, when he 
was transferred to Lafayette Street School, and Mr. K. S. Blake, 
of the Normal School, succeeded him. Mr. Blake was Princi- 
pal only four months, and was then followed by Mr. E. K. 
Sexton, of Closler, N. J., who took charge October 1 r, 189;. 

The school has had a slow growth since it started, ant! now 
contains ten classes and an enrollment (1896) of 635 pupils. 

In 1887 a sum- 
mer school was es- 
tablished and con- 
tinued till 1S91, 
with an enrollment 
of about t4o pupils. 
In 1S95 an even- 
ing school was 
started, with Prin- 
cipal Sexton in 
charge. It con- 
1 tained four classes 
• and an enrollment 
of 173 pupils. 

Credit is due to 
the Commissioners 
who have repre- 
sented this section 
of the city in the 
Board of Educa- 
tion, for its present 
school accommo- 

E. ,C. SEXTON. ''^''""^• 





SOUTH STREET SCHOOL. 

CAMDEN STREET SCHOOL. 

THE Camden Street School was buill in 1884 and opened in 
September of the same year. This building has fourteen 
class-rooms, is ver\' well located and is a well-arranged and 
very convenient house for school purposes. The faculty of the 
school consists of Mr. Arnold \'oget, Principal, Miss Laura B. 
Sayre, Vice-Principal, Miss J. V. Enders, Head Assistant, and 
the teachers. Miss L. E. Hill, Miss L. A. Hill, Miss M. Leanora 
Stevens, Miss Carrie Kaiser, Miss Jean A. Dearie, Miss Anna 
Anderson, Miss Edith Burgyes, Miss Griselda Ellis, .Miss 
Frances C. Force, Miss H. Louise Crane, Miss Mabel Burnett, 
Miss Madeleine Bovlan. 

The following is an extract from the report of City Superin- 
tendent of Public Schools, Wm. N. Barringer, for 1S95 : 

In a prosperous and growing city the demands of the pulilic 
schools are constantly increasing. The many and continu- 
ally extending advantages for homes and business offered by 
our beautiful city are bringing many families and business 
interests here. 
Of course, 
among the iiiHu- 
ences that help 
to build up a 
c o m m u n i t \- , 
none are more 
effective t h a n 
good schools. 
Meiely to keep 
them up to the 
present stand- 
ard is not suffi- 
cient. Progre.i^s 
in the course of 
study and in 
methods of 
teaching must 
be constant and 
up to date. The 
a cc o m m o d a- 
fions in the wav 




^VS' 



ESSEX COrXTY, X. /., ILLUSTKATHD. 



of school room and all facilities pertaining to 
appliances of all kinds necessary for the most 
cllicient grailc of instruction sliould be amply 
supplied. The mere matter of cost should not 
deter the Board from nial<ing this most important 
of all investments in the sound interests of our 
citv. It is the duly of the Board to aid m sur- 
rounding our children with the hest environment 
that shall conduce to their physical, intellectual 
moral and astheticnl good. 

We should not forget that the schools are for 
the children and not merely a convenience for 
the teachers and others connected with iheni. It 
is in these schools that the pu|)ils arc trained in 
the acquirement of useful knowledge, the divelop- 
ment of their powers of body and mind, and how 
to applv ihem in the various c.-illings tlu\ mav 
enter. 

There is no more important duty devolving upcni 
a community than the thorough training and 
education of the children to become true, noble 
and honored men and women, c.ipablc of filling 
their places anil performing their duty in this 
.American republic. It is for this purpose that this 
public school SNSteni is organized and maintained. 

The Superintendent's .attention from vear to year has been 
more and more given to the (iiiestion. how to elevate and 
increase the eflficiency of the public school svstem of our city.' 
This cannot be settled by considering and using only the means 
furnished by school-room accommodations and the various 
appliances reipiireil in the proper instruction of pupils. As we 
have so often said and again repeal, the one great necessity in 
every system of schools is the thoroughly tr.iined, competent 
teacher. This is the way out of all difticulties that beset the 
educational problem. 

In the education and training of our teachers it cm hardly 
be (|uestioned but that we are moving in the right direction. 
There has been more interest and activity among the teachers 
in preparation for the class-room and personal contact with tlic 
child than during any time in the past. While some have 
faile<l to catch the spirit, the body as such has made right and 
commendable progress. Here is the key to the whole subject. 
Teachers deeply interested, competent and thoroughly trained 
will soon ))ut our schools in the way of rapid and sound pro- 
-^^ gress. Tills com- 



petency and train- 
ing means much 
incjrc than mere 
smface preparation 
in methotis and 
simple devices. 
First. it means 
large natural fit- 
ness by (|uick intel- 
ligence, great tact 
and aptness, joined 
with ample scholar- 
ship and i;ood hab- 
its of mind ;nid 
body, with the de- 
votion and persist- 
ency of the gen- 
uine student. 

The meetings of 
the teachers for 





M. V. t.tUINN. S( Moot. CoMMIssloM.K. 



C.WIDKN .STREET SCHiiDI, 

educational purposes with the princi[)als, the Siiperintenilent, in 
grade meetings for special subjects, in the institutes, etc.. have 
been unusually well attended and have resulted in permanent 
benefit to the profession. I wish just here to emphasize these 
g.itherings. One of their chief benefits is, they keep alive, 
intensify and extend the professional spirit. They arouse and 
utilize the personal and mutual efforts of those who come 
under their inlluence. We ho|)e to improve them and thus 
derive still larger benefits from them. 

The Superintendent's meetings with the principals, the prin- 
cipals witli their class teachers, the Principals' Association, the 
Vice-Principals' Association, the Teachers' Institutes, the grade 
meetings rjy the drawing teacher and the music teachers, have 
all been held regularly. They were well attended and com- 
manded the attention of all. The meetings are growing in 
interest and value from year to year. 

One of the troublesome questions for every growing munici- 
pality is the (Urficulty of furnishing adecpiatc facilities for 
the proper education and training of the children. This is not 
a local complaint ; 
it is wide-spreati 
t h rough on t the 
country. It is not 
easy to uiKlcrsland 
why cities so gen- 
erally fail to make 
early and ample 
provision for theii 
schools. Wisdom 
would seem to say 
th.it sites should 
be jiurchascd an 
buildings arranged 
for in .advance of 
the crowded |)opu- 
lation which makes 
it so (iilTicult and 
expensive to prop- 
erly locate the 
school buildings. 

i;. SAl'I'l;. SCHOOL COMMISMONER. 




ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



89 



NEWTON STREET SCHOOL, 

THE building is located at the corner of Newton 
Street and South Orange Avenue, and was 
erected in 1S67. In 1871 the building was des- 
troyed by fire. It was rebuilt, enlarged and re- 
opened in 1S73. Present value of property is 
$50,000. This school has the largest grammar 
attendance of any in the city. At this writing, June, 
'96, there are ten grammar classes, and a total en- 
rollment of 502. In both departments there are 
eighteen classes and 1081 pupils. 

The following gentlemen have been principals of 
the school : Wni. H. Elston. Edwin Shepard, now- 
principal of Oliver Street School; Clarence E. 
Meleny, now connected with the Horace Mann 
School of New York City, and Stephen S. Day, 
under whose supervision the school was elevated 
to the grammar grade eleven years ago. The 
present principal, J. L. Terwilliger, has held the 
position over five years, with a total experience 
of twenty-six years successful work in our little 
State. Of the excellent and faithful corps uf teach- 
ers, Mrs. F. W. Smith, Vice-Principal, has taught in the school 
twenty-four years, and Miss Rebecca M'Clure. F. Assistant, 
twenty-two years. Miss Emma L. Hutchings \'ice-PrincipaI 
Primary, twenty-four years. Miss Anna A. Baldwin, has taught 
here over twenty-nine years, and Miss Duncan, twenty-two 
years. The school is popular, prosperous and well patronized. 

NORTH SEVENTH STREET SCHOOL, 
HIS school is located in that portion of our city known as 




T" 



Roseville. Bringing to mind the Roseville of to-day and 
the same place thirty years ago, strongly contrasting pictures 
will be presented. It was well named " A Village of Roses," 
and it is still true to its title. 

In 1854, an enumeration was taken here, and two hundred 
and fifty children of school age were listed. Six years later the 
school was built ; and of this first school as it stood in all its 
pride, a new structure, on the tenth of September, i860, we will 
take a brief survey. On Roseville Avenue, just beyond Orange 
Street, back from a grass-covered road, bordered by a plank 
side-walk, two planks side by side, and surrounded by trees, 
stood the school-house. You know the style— straight front, 

straight sides, 
alter the fashion 
of the architec- 
ture of our l^uri- 
t a n ancestors ; 
two floors, three 
rooms each ; this 
was the typical 
school-house 
which delighted 
our fathers. 

It is necessary 
to dwell on the 
old school-build- 
ing, for it was for 
many years 
known as the 
" North Seventh 
.Street Primary 
School," having 
been moved from 
TEKwii.i.iGER. its original loca- 



.ii*W^ 



*?^- "^ 




NEWTON STREET SCHOOL. 

tion. in the year 1870, to the site on North .Seventh Street. 
Then it was the school in the woods. Before the days when 
rules of the Board of Education became as inflexible as iron, 
many a pleasant afternoon did the children spend reciting their 
lessons under the trees, to the music of the birds, and many a 
nature lesson was learnt from dear Mother Earth herself. 

Soon after the Roseville or Eleventh Ward School was built, 
the rumble and roar of guns and cannon was heard through the 
land, and our section of the city was selected upon which to 
pitch " Camp P'relinghuysen," and from this camp fronting 
Roseville Avenue, extending north beyond Fifth Avenue, south 
to Sixth Avenue, and east to the edge of what is now known as 
" The Park," marched our gallant soldier boys. It would 
greatly please the citizens of Roseville to have the memory of 
this event perpetuated by naming the new North Seventh Street 
.School "The Frelinghuysen School." 

The old school still exists and is in use. In the rear of the 
new building on Sixth Street you can visit it any day, and see 
many dear little bright-faced children there, struggling to climb 
the hill of knowledge, but so easily and gradually that a greet- 
ing of smiles and happy voices will be oflered. But this build- 
ing is soon to be a thing of the past, as ils walls will not stretch 
and as many child- 
ren are found on 
North Seventh 
Street alone as the 
whole ward origin- 
ally contained. 

The new build- 
ing was opened in 
September, 1894, 
and was the cause 
of great rejoicing 
to the citizens of 
the nothern portion 
of Roseville, as the 
grammar school 
children had been 
obliged to walk 
nearly a mile, 
much exposed to 
all kinds of 
weather, to attend g. f. brandenbukgh, school commissionek. 




90 



ESSEX COrXTV. X. J.. ILLUSTRATED. 



South Eighth Street School, then the only gram- 
mar school in the ward. This structure gives 
much pleasure, but the rapid growth of this part 
the city makes more room imperative, and a 
much larger building with an assembly hall is 
hoped for. The present building is so arranged, 
that when such celebrations as the school is re- 
quired to hold are in progress, but few of the 
children can see or hear what is going on. 

This school, having obtained the sympathy 
and co-operation of the parents and citizens, 
with its attractive and intelligent children, and 
under the efficient management of a principal, 
able, kind and just, and pleasant teachers, will 
continue to be a credit, pride and honor to our 
city. 

Present corps of teachers : 7 honias T. Collavd. 
Principal ; Grammar Department — Elizabeth K. 
Arndt, Vice-Principal ; Elizabeth Wyckoff, First 
Assistant ; Kate Z. Gaston and Annie S. Burgyes 
Assistants. Primary Department— Mary A. 
McNeill, \'ice-Principal ; Aimie May Young. 
Mona M. May, Bessie C. Schenck, Ida M. Titus. 
Elizabeth G. Parmly. M. Anna Lentz. Lucasla 
C. Baldwin, Mabel Chandler and M. Elizabeth 
Nicols, A.ssistants. The illustration represents the new school 
one of the most elegant erected by the Hoard of Education 




T( ) no part of this work has there been a purer devotion brought 
to bear than in the part devoted to schools. This arises 
not from the fact thai the burden of our labor has been lightened, 
and by the assistance received from the jiens of principals and 
others engaged in educational work, who, through the plan of the 
work have written themselves the articles contained in the preced- 
ing pages, and description of the school and school work of their 
own particular school or self-elected school work. To the 
larger number of these gentlemen, who entered upon the task 
with willingness and alacrity, the sincerest thanks of the editor 
are due and hereby extended. We trust also that they will re- 
ceive it in the same spirit in wliich it is sent. Not because our 
burden of responsibility and labor has been lightened, but be- 
cause circumstances give them opportunities for collecting facts 
and figures which we could not control, and which gives to the 
educational part of E.SSEX CouNTV. N. J., Ili.USTRATKD, a 

truthfulness a n d 
reading interest, 
which no amount 
• of care and re- 

search on our part 
could accomplish. 
It can be said of 
nearly every fact 
recorded and state- 
ment made, they 
have had personal 
cognizance. 

Besides this, that 
sameness which to 
many readers 
would become tire- 
some, is broken, 
and instead of the 
narrative being 
humdrum, it be- 
liuKTON. SCHOOL coMMisMONER. coiiics attractive 




NORTH SEVENTH STKEKT .SCHOOL. 

and the very reverse of tedious. It is an old saying and one that is 
ever trite, that " V'arity is the spice of life," and just here this 
comes in such interesting form as to make it replete with 
changes, which is so desirable to the thoughtful reader. Among 
the subjects of which we must needs treat in making it, there is 
but one which can be permitted to take precedence in anv way, 
and that is the church, and these two go hand in hand, the 
church and the school. 

For little more than three years it became the writer's good 
fortune to superintend the pulilic schools of Essex County, not 
including the cities of Newark and Orange, both of which have 
city superintendents. During this period abundant opportuni- 
ties were offered to study the educational interests of this 
county, and we will be pardoned if we appear charmed with its 
beneficence and apparently dwell all too long on the results 
accruing. By referring to the last annual report of Supt. Mathews, 
it is found thai there was of school age in this county, nearly 
90.000, for all of whom provision is made by the State for their 
education. Nol all these accept the State's beautiful provisions- 
The percentage of 
those who do is 
large and rapidly 
growing. As 
compared with that 
number repre- 
sented as attending 
the public schools 
t w decades o f 
years ago, the in- 
creased ratio i s 
very promising. 

The falling off in 
the numbers in at- 
tendance upon the 
select and private 
and parochial 
schools, seminaries 
and academies, is 
equal to one- 
half, and the ,, „ ,vathan, school co.MMiS5io.\t:K. 




ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



91 




GEORGE GRIMME, SCHOOL COMMISSIONER 

high school — the 
which has been fighting its way into public favor, and keeping 
even pace with the mighty advances in research and science. 

That the reader may have the marvellous work of the public 
schools demonstrated to his entire satisfaction he has only to 
look into one of those beautiful institutions of learning which our 
artist has, by pen pictures and photos, charmingly transferred 
to these pa es. There he will find all the conveniences which 
experience has proved as the best for educational purposes, the 
school-house Architect and Sanitary Engineer vieing one with 
the other in the production of results both marvellous and satis- 
factory. The new, or township law, for the conduct and 
government of the ])uhlic schools, has proven nearly all its 
originators and friends desired and expected. High School 
advantages under its wise provisions have been extended to 
children in the out-lying towns, where privileges had before 
been denied. Hundreds of young men and women desiring to 
enter college can now have that blessed privilege without spend- 
ing a year or two or three of precious time in some academy or 



attendance upon the public schools has in- 
creased in like propotion. In the field of 
public school education, or to reverse the 
statement, education of the young in the 
schools of the State, there has been such 
mighty advance made in the methods of in- 
struction, and such marvellous care is being 
exercised in the presentation of learning to 
the young, that we meet with very little 
danger of making a mistake in the statement 
of a belief, that it will require but the ad- 
vances of a few more decades ere all private 
.ind select schools will be relegated to the 
past and the academies and seminaries, rich 
in the memories of men who handle the im- 
plements in the world's conduct, and hold 
the helms of the ships of state and are now 
held as the apple of the eye of men who honor 
every calling, and women who adorn the 
world and sanctify home-life by sweet affect- 
ion and holy purpose,will be treasured as 
souvenirs only, and give place to the public 




J. LEONARD, SCHOOL COMMISSIONER. 



educational institution 

seminary after graduating from the grammar school, or having 
to employ a tutor to fit them for college. Ambitious boys and 
girls need not under this law be barred out for want of funds to 
meet preparatory expenses, the State in its generosity providing 
all that is necessary in a financial way, to give the child of the 
laborer, mechanic or artisan an equal chance in the educational 
race. 

Such a mighty advance has been made along the two 
important lines of school-house architecture and school sanita- 
tion, we cannot refrain another reference to these subjects. 
Much of the very best architectural talent in the land is now 
making school buildings a specialty, with results of a most 
satisfying character. Sturdy young America, with well ex- 
panded chest and highly developed muscle, is ready for riotous 
play as he slips from the school house door. Such marvellous 
changes being wrought through the scientific exercise gained in 
the well ventilated apartments and in the calisthenics taught. 
Not this alone but the wonderful growth and development of 




J. MCLLIN, SCHOOL COMMISSIONER. 



body and brain through the influence 
of mannual training which has become 
a part of the curriculum of study in the 
schools. 

Few pupils there are indeed in 
these our beautiful days of rapid ad- 
vancment, who need go forth into 
the world without a knowledge of the 
more common mechanical implements, 
and their skillful handling. It matters 
little what course the pupil leaving 
school, whether it be from the public 
high or grammar school or the private 
academv or parochial, may decide to 
take, if he does not select for himself 
or circumstances debar him or her 
from entering college, those hours of 
their school life will be found to have 
been spent to the very best purpose, 
during which lessons in manual train- 
ing were inculcated, since their are few 
places in the busy world where such 
knowledge and skill may not be 




A. BERG, SCHOOL COMMISSIONER. 



92 



ESSEX cor. XTY. X. /., ILIJSTKWrED. 



used to advantage. Let the lot of the retired 
pupil be cast where'er it may. the knowledge 
gained in the machine shop, the carpenter de- 
partment or carving room of the school, will 
find a blessed adaptation and practical applica- 
tion. The click of the nail hammer, the buzz 
of the hand or whirr of the circular saw, whose 
acquaintance had been made in the hours spent 
where manual labor was taught, instead of sending 
a chill of terror over the frame of him or her when 
first facing the stern realities of life, will wake the 
blessed memories of the hours spent amid those 
new beauties of school life in which they had most 
fortunately been permitted to take part. 

Then, how many of the young misses who have 
been privileged to taste and test the sweet realities 
of pie or cake manipulated by their own fingers, 
made deft by practice while having lessons in high 
art cookery inculcated in the pretty little kitchen' 
to which they had been invited to retire when worn 
and torn over Greek roots or algebraic problems 
where not only the realities of the world are met 
face to face, where lessons are learned which will 
tend mightily toward leveling the rough road of 
the house-wife leading to the satisfying of " Ye 
Lords of Creation," and the vainness of his appetite ever seek- 
ing satisfaction. Again, from the sewing room of her school 
she carries into her home, boudoir or sewing room, a practiced 
hand that had learned to make and mend what God's prattling 
babes will take and rend, double bow knots of holy love. 

It is immensely satisfying to us that our views of the past 
and hopes ever brightening of a glorious future for the public 
schools as recorded in the preceding words, are held and en- 
joyed by such of our people as are making their walk along the 
higher plane of school work, and have become the thoughtful 
themes of niany an article in newspapers and journals. One 
of these we have taken the liberty of transferring to these pages 
unchanged, as it appeared in an edition of June 27, of The 
Caldwell, N. J., A'e7vs, and from the pen of the veteran 
educator and popular superintendent of the Newark City Home 

for Recreant 
Children, at 
Verona, Mr, 
C. B. Harri- 
son its editor: 
" The aim 
of public ed- 
ucation has 
been to se- 
cure an intel- 
ligent citzen- 
ship. T h e 
Father of his 
Country in 
his farewell 
address coun- 
seled the sup- 
port of insti- 
t u t i o n s of 
learning for 
the dissemi- 
nation of use- 
ful k n o w- 
ledge. The 
J. A. BACKUS, SCHOOL COMMISSIONER. earliest ad- 




^m^h^^'^'^"' 




WKBSTF.R STREET .SCHOOL. 

vocates of the free public school system claimed that everv 
child upon American soil was entitled, by virtue of dependent 
childhood, to such culture as would C|ualify him foi the exercise 
of the manifold " rights " of American citizenship. The idea 
of culture, however, among the practical statesmen and edu- 
cators, during the early part of this century, was comparatively 
crude. The " three r's " were the sole stock in trade of the 
first of the free schools, and these were imparted quite as 
mechanically as the craft of the tradesmen. Arithmetic was a 
matter of blind formulas and rules ; geography, purely descrip- 
tive, taxed the memory with technicalities and names ; while 
English Grammar, introduced generally in the middle part of 
the century, with its etymology and syntax, afforcd the only 
genuine mental exercise to which pupils were subjected in the 
school room. All in all, little effort was made to qualify pupils 
to use their 
intellectual 
powers on in- 
dependent 
lines of 
thought. 
The schools, 
during the 
closing years 

of the cent- fj .»'>.-*■' Vv*" 

ury, are ap- 
l)arently well 
advance d. 
A well de- ^^ 

to lead pupils 

to think is ^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^ 

t h e depart- 
ments of the 

graded gram- >' 1^ Ai^i/ J 

mar school. 
M athematics 
is to-day a 
m a t t e r of j. n. arbucki.k, schooi,£commissioneh. 



\ 




ESSEX COUNTY, N. /., ILLUSTRATED. 



93 



axioms and principles, and in tracing their applica- 
tion, the reasoning faculties are kept heathfully active. 
Geography is physical history, which treats of the 
" life of the inorganic," and unfolds causes and 
effects, in the march of the winds, in the distribu- 
tion of heat and cold and of storm, and in the 
I devlopment of all forins of animal life. Grammar 
I has advanced beyond the stage of inflection and 
' parsing, and is now aptly a language study. In 
method and aim a great advance has been made. 

"The limited introduction of manual training, 
during these last years of this present century, 
j shows that public school training is perhaps now 
I midway in its transition state. The quickening of 
I the merely preceptive faculties and that special 
physical culture which confers power for rapid and 
accurate execution in the production of designs by 
the excise of handicraft, are very generally attract- 
ing the attention of educators, and as a result, we 
may expect the engraftment of manual training 
I upon the school course. With all these however, 
' the end is not reached. Man is a three-fold being, 
I and intellectual and physical education fails to meet 
! the demands of his nature. Without moral culture 
I and refinement, no one is educated in the better sense of the 
I term. Intellectual acumen and acquirement too often accom- 
' pany moral degeneracy. Caligula was brilliant, but he was, 
from a moral standpoint, a leper. 

'•The moral faculties are said to be slow of devolpement ; but 
they are susceptible, and under methodical culture will ripen 
as auxiliary and regulating forces of the intellect. What is 
doing in this present age in the public schools is purely incident 
to intellectual training, and therefore lacks in method and scope. 
It may be fittingly characterized as experimental if not perfunc- 
tory. The question of moral education in the near future, will 
be pressing for solution. The differences among religious sects 
have heretofore negatived rational endeavors to include moral 
teaching in the public school course, but with the manifold 
demonstrations, in private and public life, of the futility of one- 
sided culture as a conserving agency, the demand for harmoni- 
ous development will be resolutely made, and intelligently met." 

Many a man 
— _ who has al- 

ready achiv- 
ed distinc- 
tion or has 
risen to sta- 
tions of hon- 
or in the later 
d ays, has 
been moved 
to shout " ex- 
celsior " over 
his first ink- 
lings obtain- 
in theschool- 
room. of 
those certain 
branches 
which had 
been declar- 
ed " innova- 
tions," and 
among these, 

H. P. RODEN, M. D., SCHOOL COMMISSIONER. that of for- 





I..\WRENCE STREET SCHOOt,. 

estry, with one of its resultant victories, known, celebrated and 
enjoyed under the title of forestry. Indeed, it matters little where 
or in what field the pupil after leaving school may find his lot 
cast, or the exercise of whatever calling he may elect to pursue, 
the lessons in forestry he may have learned, can prove of in- 
estimable value to his prosperity and well being, providing 
always, that he has the will power to put them into practice, 
or he does not prove recreant to the beautiful trust his Alma 
Mater bestowed when she said, " Go forth and fight the battle 
of life," bearing the banner with the strange device •' Excelsior." 
Since the introduction of the ideal study of tree culture which 
carries with it tree and forest protection, ten thousand times ten 
thousand young tree shoots have grown into trees, with wide 
spreading branches under which the beast of the fields and 
denizens of the wood are enjoying shade from the mid-day 
sun, or shelter from the chilling blasts of winter, have been 
preserved, which, had it not been for the lessons learned in 
the school, 
would have 
been ruth- 
lessly torn 
from the 
loving arms 
of their ten- 
der mothei' 
earth, ( a I - 
ways prolific 
in her ben- 
efactions.) 
and tramp- 
led beneath 
swift flying 
feet engaged 
in the never 
flagging and 
never ending 
pursuit o f 
the wordly 
fruits. 

Scarce 
more than a c. w. menk, school commissioner. 




94 



ESSEX COi'XTV, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



quarter of a century has nilted by, since forestry or tree culture 
arose to the dignity of a science, and much less time has passed 
since this marvellously beautiful science and its authoritative 
study, found a place in our school curriculum. 

Hut now, as the years roll by, the pupil leaving school 
without the foundation laid (.at least in forestry study) is 
looked upon as a ntrg av/s indeed, while each one goes forth 
a warrior brave, armed for the fiifht against the ruthless 
destroyers of our forest glades and beautiful trees of the wood 
and dell. 

If not another beneficent result had accrued from the innova- 
tion, the victories achieved and promise of achievements over 
those fearful scourges of our timber land sections, which here- 
tofore, as awful visitants invading with relentless fury hill-top 
or valley, bearing down in an hour the tree fruit of ages and 
leaving naught but a smouldering ruin to mark its path, is enough 
to call down bensions of love on the heads of tliose mighty 
spirits who in their devotion to the science of tree growth and 
forest preservation, and who have led the advance guards, 
winning victory after victory over forest fires, is enough to 
establish their undying fame. We now have the brightest of 
promises looming up in the near future that the tiend will lie 
chained at their feet, with the key for its releasing intrusted 
to such hands only as will make use of the beautiful lessons 
learned in the school room, of the best methods of meeting and 
defeating its wild and reckless careering, and the depriving of 
forest fires of tree fruit for its feeding and fatening and robbing 
It of its greatest terrors. 

Nearly, if not c|uite all. the states of this Union have 
enacted laws which authorize the Governor to set apart by 
proclamation a certain day which is usually selected from the 
closing April or May days, to be known and celebrated 
and enjoyed under the name, style and title of Arbor Day. The 
day thus set apart is usually accompanied by a recommendation 
in the proclamation, that it be observed as a day of thanksgiving 
to God. for the beautiful benefices of trees and plants, their 
planting, nourishment and protection, accompanied by instruct- 
tions from teachers and addresses and songs appropriate to the 
occasion by the pupils of the school. 

That our readers may get a better understanding of .Vrbor 
Day in the public schools, we take the liberty of transferring to 

these pages 
the following 
circular, and 
which w a s 
placed in the 
hand of every 
teacher. 

Some of 
t h e county 
superintend- 
ents arrang- 
ed a pro- 
g r a m n o t 
leaving it as 
we d i d to 
their own vo- 
1 i t i o n and 
good judge- 
ment. 

"If there 
is one duty 
more I h a n 
another and 

J. K. GORE. SCHOOL COMMISSIONEK. which Our 





II 



WARREN STRKKT SCHOOL. 

worthy State Superintendent and Roard of Education would 
ini])ress upon their County Superintendents in theadministnitn'ii 
of the laws governing the public schools under their imnnli- 
atc supervision, it is the faithful observance of what is known as 
Arbor Day. 

■' That 1 may second their desires so far as in me lies, I would 
urgently request the principals and teacher of all the public 
schools under my care, to see to it. that the intent of the origi- 
nators and introducers of this important branch of education 
into our public school curriculum of study, shall not only not 
be neglected, 
but shall be 
f.iilhfull car- 
ried out and 
made as thor- 
oughly im- 
pressive ui)on 

the minds of .^^ 

the young as ^R T^^ 

is possible. 
The more 
practical you 
can make the 
exercises the 
better. By 
this 1 mean 
the introduc- 
tion into the 
school room 
of as many of 
the accessor- 
ies to the de- 
monstrative ~" 
plan of II. M. wooLM.vs. .m. u.. sciiooi. commissioner. 




ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



95 



hstruction, such as plants, shrubs and young trees, 
s possible. This, accompanied by a few shoi't 
i.ictical remarks on the nature and growth of the 
ame, with their relation and value to the human 
ace, will prove attractive and instructive. Arbor 
Jay having been wisely and happily fi.xed at the 
eason of the year when everything in nature is 
oung, or clothed in the garb of youth, it makes a 
tarting point for the study of the first easy practi- 
:al lessons in Botany. What I would urge upon 
eachers, is. that wherever it is possible the pupils 
vho are of the age to understand should be taken 
[nto the fields once a week; at least from now till 
Ihe close of the term, and simple demonstrative 
ectures in elementary botany be given. To have 
he pleasure of looking upon their promising little 
ines romping over the fields by the side of their 
teacher, (veritable flocks with shepherds attending), 
mil send a thrill of joy through the devoted parent's 
le.irt. 

"As in the years gone by, I direct only, that there 
ihall be a full and faithful observance of the day. 
;and suggest the program of exercises to be carried 
jout, leaving to principals and teachers the election 
tof appropriate addresses, music and songs ; then 
conclude the day's observance with the planting of trees and 
shrubs, the potting of plants and flowers; this 1 trust none will 
neglect. I hope you will make this an ideal Arbor Day, an 
oasis indeed in the history and conduct of the school under 
your care, to which you can turn in the future and truthfully say, 
well done ! Having completed your e.xercsises and taken that 
rest necessary for recuperation, which will necessarily follow 
the extra mental and physical strain, you will write out a con- 
cise report of your Arbor Day exercises, and sentl it to me not 
more than five days afterward. 

Respectfully. 

DR. M. H. C. VAIL. 

County Superintendent. 
" P. S. — Let me urge upon you the necessily of a careful 
guardianship of the trees, shrubs and flowers planted on Arbor 

D ay. as I 

have reason 

■^^ ~~ - to fear that 

many beauti- 
f u 1 repre- 
sentatives are 
destroyed 
soon after 
planting." 

Another in- 
novation, one 
which has 
proven of 
w o n d e r f u 1 
utility to pub- 
lic schools, 
and a desid- 
eratum long 
sought, is the 
beautiful sys- 
tem of edu- 
cation for the 
_^__ beginner, 

known as the 
c. CLAHK, SCHOOL COMMISSIONER. Klndergar- 





MONMOUTH STREET SCHOOL. 

ten. No visitor to the public school of this day fails to be charmed 
at the tirst step of his progress through the maze of depart- 
ments and rooms, into each of which he is ushered on a tour 
of inspection, as first of all his or her attention is called to the 
little tots of from five to seven summers assembled in the kin- 
dergarten room, where in orderly play they wile the hours away, 
and besides education getting made easy they learn to adore 
the school. Few sights are more interesting than that which 
the kindergarten class presents while engaged in accomplishing 
the task of education getting. The kindergarten innovation is 
another of those moderns which have come to stay, and all the 
old fogies in the land with birchen rod and heavy hand, will 
never be able to drive it away. 

As early as 1892, the State Superintendent of Public Instruc- 
tion, Dr. Poland, was constrained in his annual report, while 
discussing this system of early instruction to pupils who are 
just passing through the susceptible age of "bib and tucker" to 
speak as follows : 

"Among the most recent innovations witnessed in the public 
schools of the 
country, the kinder- 
garten is perhaps 
the most important. 
As a system it aims 
to provide suitable 
tuition and training 
for children from 
four to six years of 
age, too young in 
general to enter 
upon the curricu- 
lum provided by 
most of our elemen- 
tary schools. With- 
out attempting an 
explanation of its 
distinctive aims and 
methods, I will say 
simply that it differs 
from the current m. b. prudkk, school commission kk 




9G 



ESSEX COrXTY. X. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



primary school training in laying little stress upon cultivating 
a knowledge of reading and of numbers, but confines itself to a 
systematic development of the observing powers and a corres- 
ponding facility in expression. Not the least important, more- 
over, is its remarkable adaptation for the development in the 
child of a moral sense. .As a means of preparation for the 
ordinary elementary school curriculum it stands unrivaled. It 
is asserted by those who through e.xperience with its workings 
are competent to pass a judgement thereon, that the kindergar- 
ten training shortens materially the time necessary to com- 
plete the usual primary ami grammar school course of study. 
Aside, then, from the fact that the training itself is of almost 
incalculable value, its general introduction would become an 



dir-ected to the uprooting of vicious habits acquired in these 
years of evil tuition in homes of ignorance, if not of vice, and in 
the baneful companionship of the sidewalks and gutter. 

"Remarkable as it may appear, however, the kindergarten is 
of hardly less value to the children of the rich than to those 
of the poor, the ignorant and the vicious. It provides a little 
cosmos wherein rich and poor meet on equal terms. It aims to 
cultivate besides the intellectual powers the nice preceptions of 
right, justice and equality. .At an age when distinctions of 
right and wrong, if not intellectually perceived, are nevertheless 
clearly felt and intlellibly impressed, the child life is given a 
direction and impetus that will save it oflen the danger of sub- 
sequent contamination. 




=%i>t^.2^'U':s^^^t.:f''i7,:'T-^Ji^,^^^ -■ 



CH.^RLTON STKF.KT SCHOOL. 



economy to the .State which is called upon to provide instruc- 
tion through the whole period of the school age. 

" Its chief merit, however, is not to be ascribed to its 
economic value in the foregoing sense, but to its remarkable 
adaptation to the age and environments of the child to develop 
those incipient powers that begin to display themselves at the 
age of four to si.t years. 

•• No more pitiable sight is to be witnessed than that of little 
children of the kindergarten age, deprived of pleasant homes 
and careful nurture, spending the hours of the day upon the 
sidewalks and in the streets of our large cities. To these the 
kindergarten is a boom of inexpressible joy and of incalculable 
value. 

•' Much of the early training of the elementary schools is 



" It is my pleasant duty to report that the growth and exten- 
sion of the kindergarten idea in the State of New Jersey, though 
somewhat slow, is none the less steady and hopeful. In thir- 
teen of the twenty-one counties of the State it has gained a 
foothold. 

" True, in a number of cases the kindergarten training 
introduced is not the true kindergarten, but what is known as 
mixed kindergarten, including more or less of ordinary primary 
instruction ; but in all the counties mentioned it is recognized 
as a part of the school system. The whole number of children 
in attendance at the date of this report (1897) was 4.300. 
This, however, is an excessive estimate, since it includes besides 
those who are being taught in the kindergarten proper many 
in the so-called mixed kindergartens, wherein the principal 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



97 



stress is laid upon the ordinary elementary 
school instruction. A careful estimate of the 
number of children attending the real kinder- 
garten would not exceed 1,500, it is likely. 

" The minimum age at which children are 
received into these kindergartens is five years. 
The State law, which fixes the school age at five 
to twenty years, inclusive, prohibits the attend- 
ance of children of a lesser age. In order, there- 
fore, to encoiu'age the establishment of more 
kindergartens, and to enable them to accomplish 
their best service, some legislation is needed. 

"As to the cost of the kindergartens now 
being maintained, no satisfactory statistics are 
at present attainable. It is encouraging to 
know that in the cities and school districts 
where the kindergarten has been longest in 
operation, it is most highly appreciated." 

Although, as above stated by the learned 
doctor, there were kindergarten classes e.stal)- 
lished in Init little more than half the counties 
of onr State, and in less than h.df the schools in 
those counties where this beautiful institution 
had gained a foothold, had this scion of educa- 
tional royalty been grafted, to-day the school 
without the kindergarten instructor surrounded 
by the happy wee's of the human race, is the 
rarest kind of an exception, 



TWELFTH WARD GERMAN AND ENGLISH SCHOOL. 

THIS school was founded Dec, 1858. The building is a 
two story brick structure, 70 x 30 feet, situated at the 
corner of Niagara and Elizabeth Streets, on .1 plot of grounil 
100 X 90 feet, and is valued at about $1 3,000. It contains three 
class-rooms and a kindergaJten, and prepares the children for 
entrance to the High School. The present number of pupils 
being two hundred, the charges are eighty cents per month for 
each child in the kindergarten, and one dollar per head for those 
in the higher classes. 

Where three children of one fannly attend school at the same 
time, the third is admitted free. A collector is appointed by 





KORESI' HILL SCHOOL. 



SOUTH EIGHTH STREET SCHOOL. 

the School Association to collect the money. The ])resent 
principal, Mr. Eugene Rahm, is a thoroughly educated gentleman 
and a musician, having been connected with the school for the 
past four years. He is ably assisted liy Miss Carson and Miss 
Farrington as teachers of English, and Miss Marie Zehnder. 
who has charge of the kindergarten. The Men's Society con- 
nected with the school, is composed cf 370 members who are 
all well known and enterprising citizens. The quarterly dues 
are seventy-five cents. The present officers are: J. Burkhard, 
President: J. Spuhler, \'ice-President : J. Goldljach, Treasurer; 
H. Rabke, Secretary ; Fr. Lembach, Financial Secretary. The 
Ladies' Association has a membership of 130. Their dues are 
fifteen cents per month. The oflkers are: Mrs. M. .\'obbe, 
Presitlent; Mrs. A. Burkhard, Vice-President: 
Mrs. C. Burkhard, Treasin'er ; Miss M.Zehnder, 
Secretary. The school is in a flourishing con- 
dition and free of debt. 

THE NEWARK STREET GERMAN AND 
ENGLISH SCHOOL. 

THIS school was founded on April 24, 1853. 
rhe building is a two story high frame 
house with a little tower on its center. The 
lot is 60 X 100 feet. The value of the property, 
including the school furniture, amounts to $6,500. 
The school has two classes and rooms for the 
teacher's residence. 'I'he number of pupils vary 
between 70 and 90. The school money is 
sixty cents for each pupil. Dr. Fritz Kempf is 
the principal of the institution. Miss Emdie 
Tenime instructs in the kindergarten. To the 
School Society belong 147 members. The 
yearly assessment of each mend^er is $1.20. 
The same amount is paid by the 41 members 
of the Ladies' Society. The Board of Directors 
are the followiug gentlemen : A. F. Burkhardt, 
President ; Peter Vetter, Vice-President ; Paul 



OS 



ESSEX COVXTV, X. /., ILLUSTRATED. 



Karge, Sccrelaiy : Clias. Weller. Treasurer. 
Martin Bross. John Kreiller and Julius Sagi-r 
are the visiting members. 

The ofticers of the Ladies' Society are : Mrs. 
John Noll. I'resident ; Mrs. Bein, Secretary and 
Mrs. John Sanvers, Treasurer. The srhool is 
free from debt. \'acation, two weeks. 

GREEN STREET SCHOOL. 

THIS renownetl institute, located in the 
centre of the city, was incorporared in 
1856. It comprises a kindergarten, a primary 
and a grammar department. The rooms are 
light and well ventilated. In a seven years" 
course the pupils are prepared for the public 
high school. Besides the common English 
studies the Oerman language and gymnastics 
are taught. A library of over 600 volumes is in 
the reach of the pupils. 

The tuition is exceedingly low. The faculty 
consists of nine teachers besides the principal. 
Director, H. von der Heide, Pd. M, 



BEACON ST GERMAN AND ENGLISH SCHOOL. 

THIS school was founded by the " Deutsch-Englischen 
Scluil-\'erein " of the old si.Nth and thirteenth Wards, in 
1S5S. Being attended by 360 pupils, it is the largest t'.erman 
and English School in New Jersey, About 75 of the children 
are in the kindergarten, where they are instructed and educated 
.according to the principles of Frochel. The remainder is 
divided into five classes. The following studies are taught by 
seven teachers (including the director): English Language, 
Reading, Writing. Spelling, Grammar, Object Teaching, Com- 
position, German Language, Arithmetic, Geography, History, 
Natural Science, Drawing and Music. The tuition amounts to 
§12.00 per year. At the head of the school is the Board of Direc- 
tors, elected by the School Society (Schulverein). The present 
Board consists of: Henry Schaedel, President; Philip Dilly, 
Vice-President; Dr. Edward 111, Treasurer; August (jiJerlz, 
Secretary; Fred Jacob, Financial Secretary; Dr. F, 111, John 
Fisher, John Henning and John Conrad. 






illlli,7 m 



NKWARK .STREET GF.R.M AN AND KNC.I.ISH .SCHOOL 



IWKI.KIH WAKli (.KK.MAN A N tl KXGl.ISll SCHniU,. 



When we take into consideration the number of German- 
English Schools existing in Newark, we come to the conviction 
that the thought which the poet wished to impress upon the 
mindsof the (Germans of America, has sunk deep into their hearts. 
These people may drift apart in regard to religious or politi- 
cal views, but in one idea they extend hands ; they provide 
.schools in which the treasures of the German language are 
preserved for their children. Occasionally we meet with rare 
cases, in which wealthy Germans neglect the education of their 
children in the mother tongue, but it is singularly touching on 
the other hand to note how the greater part of the less fortu- 
nate class, are willing to make any sacrifice in order to grant 
their offspring an education in the German language. That 
this is true is proved by the fact that no less than fourteen Ger- 
man-English Schools exist in thiscity at the present time, in which 
over thirty-seven hundred children receive instruction in their 
mother tongue. 

It certainly is to the interest of our German-English Schools, 
when our attention is occasionally called to it anew, 
and for this reason a few statistics about these 
schools will be here given. 

ST. BENEDICT'S SCHOOL, 
Situated at the corner of Komorn and Niagar.i 
Streets, w.as founded in 1S62. The present build- 
ing, erected in 1S85, is three stories high, the first 
lloor containing two class-looms, and the second, 
three. Besides this, we tind on the ground lloor 
a ])lay-ground large enough to accomodate 500 
children, and two rooms in which the pupils hang 
articles of clothing. The third story contains a 
spacious hall, in which festivities are held. Another 
l.irge play-ground adjoins the building. There are 
450 children attending the school, who receive in- 
struction in five different classes. The terms pei 
month for each child in the advanced classes ar. 
ninety-tive cents, in the lower grades sixty-fiv. 
1 ents. The director of the school is the Kev, 
Faiher Lconaid Walter. The teachers are Mr. 
Joseph Sauerborn and four .Sisters of the St. B. 
Order. 

They are the Misses Matilda Krapf, Ilil.iry 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. /., ILLUSTRATED. 



99 



Wiest. Liberia Hartniann and Rosemary Malone. 
The society connected with the school has a 
membership of 230. The contributions made 
by the gentlemen toward the support of the 
school, are twenty-five cents per month. The 
ladies pay fifteen cents every month. The 
Board of Directors consist of the following 
gentlemen: Messers L. Peter, President; A 
Steines, Vice-President ; J. F. Wildemann, Rec 
Sec'v ; H. Martin, Cor. Sec'y ; A. Bernauer, 
Fin. Sec'v ; J. Bernauer, Treasurer, and J. Span- 
genberger, Porter. During vacation — July and 
August — the school is closed. 

THK GERMAN-ENC.I.ISH PRES. DAV-SCHOdl. 

Was founded in the \ear 1854. and situated ;it 
No. 38 College Place. This two story building 
has a dimension of 80 x 40 feet ; the entire prop- 
erty has a dimension of 100 x 150 feet. Con- 
nected with the school, is a hall 50 x too feet, 
containing a library and dressing-room. The 
property is valued at $50,000. There are 240 
children attending the school. The terms are 
eighty cents per month for one child. In the 
three class-rooms we find the following instruc- 
tors: Prof. Gustave Fisher, Mr. E. Riethmann and Mrs. J. 
Geppert. The kindergarten is in charge of the Misses C. 
Brandlev, L. Knoll and A. Anschuetz. The Board of Directors 
consists of the Messers Rev. J. A. Guenther, President; J. 
Franz, G. Weber, H. Staehle, C. Metzger and C. Wolf. The 
school is free from debt. 

ST. PETER'S SCHOOL. 
This school, begining with sixteen pupils March 8, 1S85, is 
to-day one of the largest attended of the German-English 
Schools. The plans for the principle building, 146 x 80 feet, 
situated on Livingston Street, contains ten class-rooms, and a 
hall having a seating capacity for 800 persons. An adjoining 
building on Belmont Avenue contains five class-rooms, a hall 
for societies to hold their meetings in, and a dwelling place for 
the janitor. In the fourteen class-rooms, together w'ith the 
kindergarten, upwards of eleven hundred children receive in- 
struction. The rooms are divided into seven classes for boys, 
and the same number of classes for the girls. 

The terms are fifty cents per month for each child. The 
poor receive an education free of charge at the expense of the 

parish. The school 
is under the direc- 
tion and control of 
Rev. Father 
Stecher, and the 
Sisters of Charity. 

ST. AUGUSTINE'S 
SCHOOL. 
This school was 
founded in 1S74. 
Thetwostorybuild- 
ing is situated in 
Jay Street near 
.Sussex Avenue. 
Its dimensions are 
74 X 32 feet, and is 
valued at $12,600, 
including the build- 
ing together with 
the four lots sur- 





DR. A. FRITZ KEMP. 



BEACON STREET GER.MAN AND ENGLISH SCHOOL. 

rounding it. There are four class-rooms for the accommo- 
flation of more than three hundred children. The school is in 
charge of Rev. Father Neidermeyer and the Sisters of Charity. 

HERGEN STREET PAROCHIAL SCHOOL, 
In which instruction is given in German alone by Mr. Flocken. 
The school consists of one class, and is situated in the rear of 
St. Paul's Church. The school fees constitute the salary of the 
teacher. 

ST. ANNE'S SCHOOL, 

Situated at No. 376 South Seventh Street, is the youngest of 
her sister schools, having been organized September i, 1889. 
This school-house is 90 feet long and 46 feet wide and con- 
tains four class-rooms, in which 240 children receive instruction 
in eight different divisions, from five Dominican Friar Sisters. 
The director of this school is the Rev. Father A. M. Kammer. 

THE P.LUM STREET GERMAN-ENGLISH SCHOOL. 

This school was founded in 1 876. There are two class-rooms 
situated i n 
the basement 
ofthe church. 

The num- 
ber of child- 
ren attending 
the school^ 
have in con- 
sequence of 
unfavorable 
circumstan- 
ces in busi- 
ness within 
the last live 
years, been 
reduced from 
60 to 35. 

On account 
of this there 
is but one 
class-room. 
The terms , 
per week are ecgene kahm. 




lllll 



ESSEX CorXTW X.J: ILLrSTK.XTFJ). 




I OMMI>SlriNKK. 



I'lftccn ctnts for one child. As 
lln- reijuisilc means to appoint 
a leachir are not at hand, in- 
sl ruction is given by the pastor. 
Rev. Mr. Girlanner. assisted l>y 
Mr. Theophil Girtanncr. 

The scliool principals have 
entire charge of the schools, and 
either act in the capacity of. or 
have control of the j.Tnitors, who 
have comfortable apartments 
lilted up for their families in 
ihe upper stories of the different 
school buildings. I'ublic exami- 
nations are held annually at the 
closing of the school year, by 
the Hoard of Trustees, and in 
ihe parish schools the examina- 
tion is conducted by a commis- 
sion appointed by the lU. Rev. 
Bishop of the diocese. 

The school buildings are 
neatly titled and .ire healed by 
steam, with the exception of 




CARI. HICI.I.KK, l-KINC:il>Al.. 



two. which .ire slill using the old style of stoves. The i 2th Ward 
(".rmian-ICnglish School, .md the C.ilholic Schools, have delinite 
terms for admitting new pupils into the schools. In the re- 
m.iiiiing schools new pupils are granted admittance at all times 
during the year. 

A collector is appointed by lh<- First Ward and Green Street 
Schools, to collect the school money. In the other schools the 
fees arc collected in the school by the teachers. All the pupils 
are supplied with printed books without cost, by the First and 
Tenth Ward Germ.m-Knglish Schools, and the poor children 
are furnished with books free of charge in the Germ.in-Fnglish 
IVi! ols of this city. The following schools received 

:^\'-. Mrs. Dr. Creiner, who died in the ) ear 1889. The 

First W.ird German-I'^nglish School, the Tenth Ward Gernian- 
I'.nglish .School and the .Newark Street School, $2,000 apiece: the 
Green Street .School and Beacon Street School, e.ich $2,500. 




II l'\USONS. SCIIOIII. CO>IMISSIONKR. 



luiglish. or else it is taught by the 
spelling method in both languages. 
The word method, for instance, in 
the Beacon .Street School wliere 
German is taught, and the Green 
Street School and the Prebylerian 
Day-School on College Place where 
I jiglish is taught, the Phonetic sys- 
iiiii or the spelling method is em- 
ployed. 

Instruction in Fnglish is taught 
in connection with the German 
from the lowest classes up. In thi' 
Presbyterian Church School, in- 
slruclion in Knglish begins in the 
.-.econd class. In all the parochial 
schools the children receive instruc- 
tion in classes. In the other 
schools, on the other hand, instruc- 
tion is given in different depart- 
ments. In all the p.irochial schools 
religious instruction is imparted. 
This is omitted in the other 
schools. 



Mr. Hockenjos, wiio died in 1S91, beciueathed $500 to the 
Green Street School ; Mrs. Ottendorfer, of New York, pre- 
sented Green and Beacon Street Schools, in the year 1883, with 
$500 apiece. Mr. Joseph Hensler, Sen., presents the Twelfth 
Ward School $50 annually, and during the past three years the 
amount was raised to $100. (jreen Street School prepares her 
pupils for entrance to High School. St. Benedict's School pre- 
pares her boys for admittance to St. Benedict's College, which 
adjoins the school. In case the children in the highest divisions 
of the remaining schools, wish to enter public schools they are 
.atlvanced to the highest grades in these schools. 

Instruction in reading in German, as well as in English, is 
introduced by means of the Phonetic system, in the following 
schools: St. Benedict's, loth Ward German-English, St. Peter's 
and Bc.icon Street. In the remaining schools reading is taught 
either phonetically in German or by the spelling method in 




J. J. KRONKNBERUEK, SCHOOL COM.MISSIONER. 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



101 



WAVERLY AVENUE SCHOOL. 

THE \V,T\eily Avenue School, erected in 
1891-92, is a primary school of eight 
class-rooms, accommodating 4S0 pupils, and 
was opened October 20, 1892. The value 
of the site is $9,000 and of the building 
and furniture $25,000. The school is located 
on Waverly Avenue, between Bergen and 
Kipp Streets, and commands a fine view of 
the city, and of Newark I5ay, Bayonne, Eliza- 
bethport, Staten Island, New York Bay and the 
liartholdi Statue. This grand view is a daily 
inspiration to those whose good fortune it is to 
attend the scliool. 

In reference to the organi/.ation of this school, 
ihe Sum/iiv Call of August 28, 1892, contains 
the following: "Miss E. H. lielcher, who, for 
several years has acted as vice-principal of the 
Commerce Street School, was on Friday night 
put in temporary charge of the new Waverly 
Avenue School. She is to organize it, and then 
the teachers' committee will decide whether it 
needs a male principal. Miss Belcher is one of 
the most efficient teachers in the city, and is 
recognized as such throughout almost the entire 
teaching force. If she is able to satisfactorily 
organize the new school and place it on a 
smooth running basis, the ciuestion may justly 
be asked : ' Why is she not competent to con- 
tinue in charge, and not surrender her post, 
when she has accomplished one of the most 
dilficult parts of the work?' It is quite prob- 
able, however, that the teachers' committee will favor keeping 
her in charge of the school, for the first term at least, and 
most likely for the entire school year." 

Miss Belcher was appointed principal. May I, 1893. 

The original corps of teachers was : Miss E. L. Melick, 
Miss C. D. Schieck, Miss L. Graham, Miss S. H. Vieser, 
Miss S. E. Mason and Miss A. B. Johnson. This was in- 
creased in the spring of 1893, by the appointment of Miss F. 
M. Burtchaell and Miss M. A. Willoughby. Afterward, Miss 
Johnson and Miss Mason resigned, and were succeeded by 
Miss M. E. Dunham and Miss A. B. Van Arnam. 

In passing through the class-rooms, one is impressed with 
the happy spirit that pervades the entire school. At the same 
time, faithful work is done by both teachers and pupils. That 
this work has given satisfaction to those in authority, may be 
seen from the following letters, recently received : 

" Newark, N. J., July 25. 1896. 
" My dear Miss Belcher ; 

"I desire to express my great appreciation of your successful 
work as principal, in the organization, under very many and 
serious embarrassments, of the Waverly Avenue School. Few 
know the difficulties that surrounded the school at its opening. 
These were all promptly and effectually overcome, and a'l 
the class-rooms filled to the last seat. The school has been 
eminently successful in all respects. I cannot omit especially 
commending the discipline, as to its method and influence. 
These are of the highest order. The same can be said of the 
methods of instruction. I consider the school an honor to the 
city and the cause of education. 

" With many good wishes I remain, 
" Yours truly, 

" Wm. N. Barringer, City Supt." 




WAXKRI.Y AVENUE SI HUUL. 



The President of the State Board of Education writes as 
follows : 

"Newark, N. J., May 15, 1896. 
" My dear Miss Belcher : 

" In retiring from the City Board of Education, after [nany 
years of service, I want to congratulate you on your success as 
the Principal of Waverly Avenue School. Through the years 
of your faithful work, as a teacher and vice-principal, you had 
demonstrated the fact of your ability to take the supervision of 
a school, as principal; and I remember my gratification, when 
the Board of Education appointed you to your present position. 

" I never could understand the reasoning that occasionally 
prevails among school authorities, that while a woman is in- 
valuable to organize a new school, and put it in good working 
order a man is necessary as its permanent principal. Your 
success is an illustration of the error of such reasoning. I am 
gratified to have had a part in your first, as well as your per- 
manent appointment to the principalship of your e.\cellent 
school. Y'our work has given satisfaction to the patrons of the 
school and to the Board of Education. I wish you and your 
faithful assistants continued and increased success, and I 
remain, 

" Very respectfully yours, 

" James L. Hays." 

The success that has been attained may be attributed to the 
perfect harmony existing between teachers and principal ; to 
the co-operation of the parents and teachers ; and to the ever 
helpful supervision of the Board of Education. 



111? 



nssEX corxTY. x. /., illustrated. 



ST. JOHNS SCHOOL 
I '■ : -; till- laic \'iry Kcv. I'.itii.k Moran, 

I .1 St. Jolin's Scliiiol. r.itlur Mniaii 
•A II .i.s the first \'icar General, ami is disii;- 

, , I as tlic father of Catholiilly. in tin 
Diixess iif New. irk. 

lie was a tliorou'^lily educaied man. possesseil 

•.;oO(l jiiclj;einent. a rel'inctl and correct l.iste. and 

' ^ <|iialilics aide<i in reininin;,' tlu- 

ihal existed in Ids lime. l"or neai ly 

II II •,-iiiuc ye.irs he labored /ealiiusly in up- 
ilicii; his people ,ind arl\ancinj,' the cause of 

rdih .ilion amon;; those commilled to his care. 

Main noted cili/ens. hotli in the ranks of the 
clcrj;y .iml laiiy. have been pupils in this old 
lime honored school plant. Kev. J. P. I'oels. 
now in charj^e of St. John's School, is most 
/ealiiis in ihe cause of education. Since his 
advent into the parish in lSy2. the school build- 
ing which is shown in the illustrations, has been 
renov.ited and eiidiellished, .ind shows many 
sij,'ns of renewed life. 

F.ilher I'oels is a man of great CNCCulive 
ability ; under his adminislratiim the Sisters of 
St. Joseph have charge of the school, and they 
.dso conduct a select school, which has been 
erected in the rear of the convent. 

ST. JAMES' PAROCHIAL SCHOOL. 

THIS school was founded in the year 1855, 
by the Kev. J.ames C.dlan. Father Callaii was a highly 
educated man, a fine orator and rhetorician, full of energy and 
untiring in his labors to the educational interests of those com- 
mitted to his care. In 1861, he was succeeded by the Kev. 
J.imes M. Cervais, under whose management the present sub- 




ST. JOHN'.'i I'ARIICHI.AI, SCHOOL. 

stantial and elegant school edifice was erected. Father ('ier\ais 
was a marvel in his day, and surprised the clergy and laity in 
successfully constructing the chutch school and hospital, 
which is an ornament to the city and a credit to the diocese of 



Newark. 



I.S- 3, the Kev. 




M. |A.\II:n I'AKOCIIIAI. SCI 1.. 



P. Cody, the present incumbent, 
was appointed rector. Since 
I he advent of Father Cody the 
.iffairs of St. James' parish have 
prospered. Under his able and 
wise su|)ervision, the greal 
undertakings of his predecessor 
have been bronght to a success- 
ful completion. 

The school which appears in 
Ihe illustrations on this page, is 
one of the largest in the city, 
.Mid demonstrates the fact, that 
Father Cody is an educator of 
practical experience. Under 
his direction, the immense 
brown-stone structure fronting 
on Madison and Elm Streets 
has been completed and filled 
up with every convenience for 
school purposes. The school is 
now absolutely free, and Ihe 
I hildren of the humblest p.irish- 
oner is recognized as the etpial 
"f the more fortunate. 

The attendance has increased 
liom two hundred and fifly, to 
nearly twelve hundred children, 
and sisters of charily have been 
placed in charge of the parocli- 
i.il .school. 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



103 



ST. BENEDICT'S COLLEGE. 

FOR fourteen hundred years the Benedicthies have figured 
prominently in the history of the world as missionaries, 
civilizers and educators. St. Augustine, the first Archbishop of 
Canterbury, and St. Boniface, who converted the Germans to 
Christianty. were Benedictines. The Danes, the Poles, the 
Dutch and the Bohemians were evangelized by members of the 
same order. During the first thousand years of its e.xistence — 
from the fifth to the fifteenth century -it gave to the church 
24 popes and 200 cardinals ; it had seen 7,000 archbishops of its 
rule and 14.000 bishops. In England the Benedictines occupied 
1 13 abbeys and cathedrals, including Westminster Abbey and 
many others almost equally famous. In Scotland they numbered 
among their monasteries lona, Lindores and Melrose. At one 
time the sum total of their houses footed up the magnificent sum 
of 15,000, so many refuges of art and letters, where protected liy 



tree have been planted in the virgin soil of Australia and New 
Zealand. In the United States there is not a section, east, west, 
north or south, without its large abbeys and numerous depend- 
ent priories. From New Hampshire in the East, to Oregon in 
the West ; from the hyperborean regions of Minnesota to the 
sunny clime of Florida, there is scarcely a State or Territory 
without its lineal decendanls of the " f.uuous ,VIi)nks of the 
West," engaged, as their f.ithers have been for over 1.400 years, 
in tilling the soil, teaching the rude anil ignormt useful liades, 
accustoming ihe idle and roving to profitable industry, building 
schools and colleges for the education of all, but es])ecially for 
the higher education of the children of the poor. 

In this chain of Benedictine abbeys and colleges, St. Mary's 
Abbey and St. Benedict's College, of Newark, form a not un- 
distinguished link. Here, as it is, and has been, in all places and 
times since the foundation of the order, the school or college is 




ST. BENEDICT ,S COLLEGE. 



a religious halo, their inmates kept ali\e the sacred lamp of 
literature, when outside their walls the world was given up to 
rapine and civil war. 

To quote the words of a writer in the W'estim'iisler Revie~v 
for October, 1879: " It was the monks who proclaimed a more 
liberal sentiment than that of narrow nationality, and discour- 
aged the pagan patriotism, revived in our own days, which 
consists in looking upon every foreigner as an object of suspi- 
cion or hostility. Monasteries opened their doors to all 
travelers and strangers. Monks brought to the councils of kings 
and nations a courage which did not recoil before any danger : 
they resisted the violence of the nobles, and sheltered the too 
feeble freemen from their attacks." 

After centuries of decline, our own age has witnessed the 
marvelous rejuvenation of this ancient order. It is rapidb 
regaining its lost ground in Europe, and off-shoots of the parent 



inseparable from the abbey. While a large amount of public 
and private ceremonies and prayers is included in the duties of 
a monk, it is also the aim of the " learned Benedictine " to be a 
man of science, a scholar and a schoolmaster. St. Benedict's 
College has been before the public for nearly thirty years — 186S 
to 1S97 -and has conscientiously and unostentatiously striven 
to carry into effect the intention of its founders. While instruct- 
ing, with a preference, in those branches which pertain to a 
liberal education, the knowledge of which is indispensable to 
those who wish to enter the ranks of the clergy or embark in 
any professional career, it has not neglected the needs of those 
whose circumstances or inclinations induce them to prefer 
the commercial to the classical course. By all means in its 
power, it seeks to make its pupils Christian gentlemen, service- 
able to their fellowmen, lovers of their country and faithful to 
their God, 



inf. 



ESSEX COrXTV. X.J., ILLUSTRATED. 



;)V(;r llie Uiiiletl 



THE NEWARK F '. 5 
COLLEGE. 

THIS collcyi- was founded in 
Aiijjiisl. i.SSi. l)y I'rof. 
Mulvi-y. A. M . to develop the 
idi'.T of .•/// Ailuitl ISiisiitfss. 

"All Aclual Business" mcnns 
that scholars are to aclually 
transact all the business which 
is reCi>rilcd in their books of 
account. Al that time most 
liu-.iness schools included in 
their systems of instruelioii 
more or less actual practice, 
lull the Newark Business College 
l)ei;.ui by abandoninj; all " theo- 
ry " woi k and arranging from 
the best business sources a 
system of aclual practice from 
the beyiniiij; to the end of the 
course. 

The founder of this system 
was convincetl. thai whatever 
mijijhl be the success of his per- 
sonal venture, the principle was 
correct, and it would be en- 
dorsed in lime by all commer- 
cial schools. This view is being 
jnsiilied by the fact that prominent colleges a 
Si. lies have embraced the idea. 

The ulilily of actual practice in a business school, is of a 
kind with experimentation in other deparlnienls of study, or 
with clinic in medicine. It is more important that a student 
^K■'uld graduate from a business school with an ingrained know- 
!• 1-1 of business detail th.iii a general proliciency in the theory 
of book-keeping. But when this knowledge and this proliciency 
can be combine<l, the one complementing the other, the student 
h.is obtained a true business education, and its effect on his 
future will be marked by a full measure of success in his 

undertak- 
ings. 

In addition 
to the ••/Ml 
.•\clu.il Busi- 
ness" feature 
of this school, 
it possesses 
others thai 
are worthy of 
consider a- 
lion. It is 
I h e leading 
school of 
])enmanship 
i n v. s s e X 
County. 

I'rof. \V. 
W. Winner, 
I he S e c r e - 
lary, is not 
only an ac- 
complished 
|)enman, but 
he is a born 





W. VI. WI.VNEK, SKCKKLVkV. 



I'HE NEWARK BUSINESS COLLEGE. 

teacher, and teachers, like |)oets. must be born such and not 
made such. 

Another specially of this school is business com|nitalion. 
Students are taught in this branch to fool rapidly and correcllv 
long columns of from forty to eighty items, not by adding digit 
to digit, but by a system of reading grouiis of figures as one 
reads groups of letters conslituling winds. Also ihey are 
drilled in making extensions, that is in nuilliplying factors 
both of which arc mixed numbers, as 2735! lbs. at i6| cts. per 
lb. This operation is performed by simple division mostly by 
2 and 4, and the answer is brought correct to the cent. l-"in,illy. 
there is but 
one rate of 
I'lition for 
any or all the 
studies, $7.00 
per month, 
on the prin- 
ciple of, PiXY 
as you go is 
the h c s I 
SUaianlee. 

M a r 1 i n 
Mulvcy, A- 
M., the prin- 
c i p a I is a 
I h o r o u g h 
school man, 
and besides 
being a 
mathemati- 
cian and ac- 
countant, he 
is an accom- 
plished Eng- 
lish scholar. 




M. M. MULVEV, 



I'ROl'KIETOR. 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



105 




Sr. \IXCEXT'S ACADEMN, W A I.LAC K I'LACK, WARREN", CAIUNET AND BRUCE SI REEIS. 



ST. VINCENT'S ACADEMY. 
•| 'T'HIS institution, founded in 1S69 Ijy the Most Rev. Bishop 
1 Bayley for educational purposes, is under the patronage 
of the Rt. Rev. Bishop of Newark. The location is upon very 
high ground and is unsurpassed for healthfulness. It is easy 
of access; the Market, Bank and Warren Street cars pass the 
academy to and from the Oranges and the Market Street 
Station of the I^enn. R. R. in Newark. 




It offers superior attractions to parents who desire to give 
their children a useful as well as thorough education, and it will be 
the constant endeavor of the Sisters to instill into the minds of 
their pupils, principles of virtue and religion, to accustom them 
to a polite and amiable deportment, as well as to habits of 
order and neatness. The present large and e.\tensive building, 
erected in 1SS8, is furnished with all the modern improvements 
requisite in a thorough course of study. Ample ground has 
been reserved exclusively for the necessary out- 
door e.xercise of the pupils ; besides, when the 
weather permits, they are obliged to take, daily, 
about an hour's walk, accompanied by one or 
more of the Sisters. 







S 



\CA1i1:M\ , W ASIIIMJ 



ST, MARY'S ACADEMY. 
. MARYS ACADEMY was at first known 
as the " Ward's Estate." and was pur- 
chased in 1S59 by Rt. Rev. J. R. Bayley, first 
bishop of Newark. It was occupied by the 
Sisters of Charity, as their Mother House, until 
thev removed to Madison, N. J., in iS6t. After 
this the building was used as St. Mary's Orphan 
Asylum till 1865, when the Orphanage at South 
Orange was ready for the orphans. In the fall 
of 1S65 St. Mary's Academy was opened. 
Part of the building was at this time a hospital. 
St. Michael's Hoepilal was not in existence then. 
In 1874 the old "Ward Mansion" was razed, 
and the present beautiful building was erected 
in its stead. St. Mary's Academy has ever 
stood among the first in the city, regarding 
numbers and success of its pupils. An excel- 
lent view of the academy building is shown in 
the illustrations on this page. 



jot: 



ESSEX COrXTY, X. J., ILLUSTRATED. 







(CII.IMAN NAIldNAL l;rSIN'K.>S COI.I.KUK, S32 TO S40 IiK().\l> STKI. 



THE COLEMAN NATIONAL BUSINESS COLLEGE 

WITH ihf ;;rc;it growth of tlu' business iiUert-sls o( llu- 
uorld an(\ I lit- constant rush of business activity in 
nn-rc.nitile rcntrts. the iild-limc niethoils of learning those 
s\ sterns necessary to sei urin-;; anrl liolding business positions 
are disappearing, 'riicre is no lime for teaching in business 
ollices, as funiierly. There are new ideas and necessary arts, 
such as .stenography and typeu riting, which can best be learned 
in .1 led to practical ir.struction. Hence it is that the 

Ijuiii 1 of former years, which confined itself mainly to 

penmanship, correspondence and book-keeping, has developed 
into a college, which is practically a busi- 
ness world in miniature wherein the young 
in. II. can attain ih.it 

knii ike facility which 

c.iuses the ilooi iif eiiiployiiient to open 
easily to them. 

The Bryant and Straltnn liusiness Col- 
lege won the favor of businsss men wher- 
ever It was established, and the system it 
inaugur.ited has been made the basis of 
Mime very suci essful institutions, of 
whiih a conspicuous example is the Cole- 
man National Husincss College, of New- 
ark. This college, occupying two large 
llnrirs over the entrance to the Newark 
.md Neu ^■o^k Depot, 832 to S4r) jiroad 
St nri, (oflice entrance 838 liroad Street, 
i'>ii!i.! \ I ilepoi I w,is established in 
1 Til in the hands of Mr. 1 1. 
iisciii presiileni, for lifteen 
leiii.iii is a most competent 
I by a corps of 
n ivrry d.'parl- iii.nkv c..i.tMAM 



K 




nicnt. The college has accomodations for about four hundred 
students, and its patrons come from all over the United States, 
while its graduates are to be found in almost every city and 
town. The furnishing of the college is very complete, including 
tine business oflice furniture, a large number of the best type- 
writing machines, and .imple facilities for equipping its students 
W'ith a thorough business training. 

In the department of Stenography and Typewriting, only 

e.\pcricnced teachers are employed, and it is a model school for 

instruction in these lines. While acquiring the necessary facility 

of writing, the students are made faniilitiar with actual business 

methods, and the success of the system under which they learn 

is indicated by the readiness with which 

graduates find employment. In fact, the 

case is the same in all the departments. 

The Coleman National Business Col- 
lege is incorporated by acts of the New- 
Jersey Legislature of 1S76 and 188S. 
The original incorporators were Ex- 
C.overnor Marcus L. Ward, Ex-Mayor 
I''. W, Ricord, of Newark, Ex-L'nited 
States Senator T. 15. Peddle, Mr. Silas 
Merchant, President of the Merchant's 
» Kire Insurance Co., Mr. S. K. W. Heath, 

President of the Kireman's Insurance Co., 
•y and Mr. John P. Jackson. 

The catalogues of this college are not 
only artistic gems of the most modern 
typography, but they contain matter of 
general information pertaining to Newark 
and the country at large which is well 
calculated to interest and instruct every 
one. This is typical of the superiority, 
vigor and originality of this live, up-to-date 
school of business. 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. /., ILLUSTRATED. 



lu: 



NEWARK HIGH 
SCHOOL 



T 




1 1 E Newark H i ,l; h 
School was openeil 
January 3, 1855. Dr. I'en- 

I nington, President of the 

' Board of Education, in 
his address at the dedica- 
tion, said: "The edifice 
is a large and imposini;- 
one, well planned am! 
compares favorably witli 
the most commodious 
buildings of the kind in 
this country." 

When the building was 
opened in 1S55 it was 
filled bv pupils having the 
highest per cent, in schol- 
arship and deportment in 
the various grammar 
schools, but this method 
of entrance was soon 
changed and for many 
years pupils have been 
admitted only on examin- 
ation. P'or many years there was little Latin and less Greek taught, 
and there was no thoroughly systematized course of study. 
The first class that was prepared for college was in 1877, from 
which time it has sent boys and girls to college. There have 




NEWARK ACADEMY, CON. HIi;H AND WII. 1,1AM STREETS. 



entered the High School — 1855 to 1S96 — 12,593 pupils, and the 
whole number of graduates has been 2,212, 

The original lot cost §5,000, and building §20,000. The first 
principal was Mr. Isaiah Peckham, who served the public for 
twelve years. Then came Mr. Dunlap for three years, and Mr. 
Lewis M. Johnson, for two-thirds of a year, and in the spring 
of 1 87 1 came the present incumbent. Dr. E. O. Hovey. The 
number of pupils in the High school to-d.iy (January i, 1897) is 
something over 1,200; the number of teachers, 33. The school 
has so far outgrown the building that 220 boys and 270 girls 
are housed in anne.xes, but the new building is materializing 
and will be shown in the next edition of this book. 



NEW JERSEY I;L>1.\I..- 



.\ IM'MAD SIKICET. 



WARREN STREET SCHOOL 

NEARLY fifty years ago, James Searing, a generous-hearted 
man owning a large tract of land in the western part of 
the city, donated a plot at the corner of Wickliffe and School 
Streets to the city for school purposes. Here, in 1S48, was built 
a plain two-story biick school-house, the third public school of 
Newark. At that time the male and female departments were 
under separate managements, the former on the top floor and 
the latter on the lower, each having an assembly room and two 
small recitation rooms. The school was afterward divided into 
six class-rooms. 

In 1S72 this school, not being adequate to the demands of 
the locality, the Central Avenue school was built and the school 
transferred to it and the old building closed. In 1873 it was 
again opened, this time as a primary school with a lady prin- 
cipal. In 1891 it was again found too small and a new school 
was built on Warren Street, west of Wickliffe. 

The Warren Street school is of red brick with terra cotta 
and blue-stone trimmings. It is a three-story building having 
two large courts and the Principal's ofiice on the first floor, 
while on each of the other floors are four large class rooms, 
with a wide corridor extending the length of the building, also 
a library and sitting room for the teachers. The building is 
heated antl ventilated by the Fuller & Warren system. It is 
su|)plied w'ith steel ceilings which, while very pretty, are not 
verv satisfactory for school purposes. When the Warren Street 



F 



l->s 



/r.s\s7;.v cv>r'.v7-r, .v../., illvstkated. 



niHM. 



•nhtT. 1S9;. t-M-IV SC.lI u.is orcu|M<<l 

., _ :,Hil ill tlic WicHifle iHiililin;;. Soon 

wire fnniud aiul in NuvtiiibiT. 1894. :i kiiuliT- 

■•a I.) the miiiili.r. Tliis chiss lias bct-n 

4 i;uMlly :i|)|in'. iated by llie patrons i>f 

whirli is larj;r and l)rit;ht and pleasant. 

■ ip l)\ the lUiard of Kdiuation and has 

icc<l OIK- 111 the best in the city for the purpose. 



T' 



II.S handsuine souvenir would not be a finished work did 
not lis letter press contain something of interest in regard 



Noi ns ilic coii(|iiorcr conies. 

They, ilie true-hearlcd came; 
Not »iih the roll of the siirring drums. 

And llic iriinipet thai sings of fame. 

Not as the (lying come. 

In silence and in fear ; 
They shook ihe depths of the greenwood gloom 

With their hymns of lofly cheer. 

Amidst Ihc storm they sang, 

.And the stars heard and the sea ; 
.And the sounding aisles of the dim wood rang, 

To ihe anthem of ilic free. 




NI'.WAKK IIII^II SCIKinl,. (ilK. WASH I N( .1 I iN AMI I.IMiKN SlkEKT.S. 



to her tduiMliim.il institutions, as lepresenled in the schools 
scnttcrrd all over our fair doiuaiii .iiid housed in such a manner 
as to satisfy the tiiosl exacliny. It was early in llie nation's 
career, wlien scions cut from the trees of learning which had 
taken dec|> root in the rock-liound soil of New ICngland, and 
which had sprung up from the seed brought across the stormy 
hold of the May llower. were ]ilanleil in tin- soil of 
1 :y. 

Mis. itemans has portrayed the lanrling .it I'lymouth Kock 
,,' 111 i.'iin. f.Tthcrs in tlic language of her beautiful |ioem, 
I the Pilgrim Kalhers." 
1 . ' - 1, 



.\i..l ■:.. 
I l.n 



' -1. 

■'1,1') sky 
cd. 



'lark. 



«*ir hark 



The ocean eagle soared 

l-rom his nest hy the white waves' foam : 
And the rocking pines of the forest roared — 

This was their welcome home. 

Tlicie were men of hoary hair 

■Xmidsl the pilgrim hand ; 
Why had Ihey come to wither there. 

Away from their childhood's land. 

There was woman's fearless eye. 

Lit hy her deep love's truth ; 
There was manhood's brow serenely high. 
And ilie fiery heart o( youth. 

What sought lliey lluis afar? 

Drighl jewels ol the mine ? 
The wealth of seas, the spoils ot war? 

Ihey sought a faith's pure shrine ! 

Ay, call it holy ground. 

The soil where first ihcy Irod ; 
They have left unstained what there they found, 

Freedom lo worship God ! 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



10!) 




WILLIAM N. BARRINGER, SLPi 
SCHOOLS. 



NEWARK PUHLIC 



i There is no one thing in which 
all New Englanders take a greater 
pride than in the glorious fact that 
it was but six years after the settle- 
ment of Boston, when Harvard Col- 
lege, one of the proudest institutions 
of learning in the United States, 
was established. So it was with 
the old fiist settlers of New Jersey, 
who not only brought with them 
their church establishment, with its 
glorious privilege of worshipping 
God after the dictates of their own 
consciences, but they carefully tend- 
ed the scions, cultivated, w'atered 
and tenderly nourished them up into 
giant educational trees, and all now- 
bearing most delicious fruit. 

As we proclaim through the pages 
of this worl<, the stupendous fact 
that the institutions of learning of 
which Esse.v County can boast have 
few equals and no superiors in any 
county of this State, or any of her 
sisters, when the comparison is con- 




PROF. E. O. HOVEV, PRI.NCIPAI. HIGH SCHOOL. 



fined to institutions of the same grade. This was made abun- 
dantly manifest by the grand exhibits made at Chicago at the 
international exhibition held there in 1893, in commemoration 
of the four hundredth centennial of the discovery of America 
by Christopher Columbus in 1492. 

So far as we are able, no part of the educational interests of 
Essex shall be permitted to suffer, but the schools shall be all 
treated alike, and each shall be given its due share of exposition 
and attention. The beautiful illustrations of the public school 
buddings which have found place in this volume, show them 
to compare favorably with any structures, be they of stone, brick 
or wood, designed for school purposes, to be found anywhere. 
Since there is no subject which will find a place in this book of 
nearly so much interest as the public schools, we shall give them 
the first consideration. The public schools of Essex County, or 
the free schools, as they are usually termed, are conducted by 
the State, county and city in combination. The State assuming 
the prerogative right of looking after the best interests of its 



citizens, has deemed the education of the masses as of para- 
mount importance. To carry out its intent to educate the 
people or to make education free, they placed learning within the 
reach of all who will but exercise their right to reach out and 
take it. The State Board of Education or of Public fnstruclion 
consists of six members appointed by the Governor, eight 
members being taken from each of the two leading political 
parties of the eight congressional districts. 

The chief executive ofticer is known as the Slate Super- 
intendent of Public Instruction and has his office in Trenton. 
The next in executi\e authority are the County Superintend- 
ents of the several counties and the Cily Superintendents of the 
several cities of the State. The next in order come the city 
and township Boards of Education. The cities have two com- 
missioners for each ward and the township boards have each 
nine members. The schools have each a principal and a corps 
of teachers large enough so that, as a rule, not more than forty 
children or pupils shall make up the class. Education getting 




R. D. ARGUE, SEC'V HOARD OF EDUCATION. 



has been so simplified by officials and 
teachers during the early past that it 
seems no pupil shall fail to verily gorge 
himself or herself with the richest of the 
feast if his or her parents will it and the 
child desires it. 

The introduction into the public school 
curriculum of the kindei-garten for begin- 
ners, and manual training for advanced 
pupils in later years, have each done a 
marvellous work and have given pupils 
such glorious advantages as will not soon 
lie forgotten. There is little doubt, since 
I hey play such a oeneficient part in the 
work of education, but what these 
branches, which were at first termed inno- 
vations and had a hard struggle to get a 
permanent foothold, have came to slay. 
So beneficiently inclined are the majority 
of those in charge that provision is made 
— for children whom circumstances have 
taken from the schools to become bread 




AUG. SCARLETT 



PRIN'L so. 8th ST. SCHOOL. 



no 



ESSEX cnrxTV, .v../., illustrated. 



uiriMcrs for the family— in tlif night siliuuls, wliiili arc ktpt up 

when the noessity therefor seems to exist or tlie call is inadf 

liy enough wlio arc huni;crint; for a taste of the fruit wliiih in 

' t schools is plaicd within their reach to warrant the 

it of a teacher. 

Wlitii the writer was County Supirintendeiil of the i)ul)lic 

schoiils of Essev County, no more pleasinj; or more satisfying 

si5;lit ever came before him than one of these night .schools in 

session. (Inc iri p.irticul.ir conducted in the class rooms of the 

Hij;h School building, in Monlclair. where the greater piopor- 

tiiin of the pupils came from the service for which they were 

employ.id in the families of the |>lace. Most of them were 

colored, and (|uite a percentage had passed the half century line 



holding fast to the belief that their secular and religious educa- 
tion should go hand-in-hand. Even in the Church of England, 
of which our American I'rotcstant I'.piscopal Church is an off- 
shoot, the same idea, to some extent, still prevails, and there 
are a few who yet think it to be an almost unpardonable sin to 
see their children come under the inlluence of the education of 
the free .schools. 

A beautiful part of the picture lo adorn the pages of this 
book comes in where we meet the select school and academy, 
where religious inllucnces have nuich less to do with the 
pupils who are entrusted lo their care. Among these stand 
the Newark Academy A beautiful pen picture of the build- 
ngs in which the pu|)ils are lilted for college, for professional 



/f^ '^=^ 




i:i.lC SCIliv 'L l;HLl,'l.\i 



of years. The latter ina<le slow work and fund)led the pencil not 
.1 little with their clumsy lingers, stiffened by toil, as they 
l.diorrd to learn the art of writing their own name. While 
leaning over the shoulder of one whose hair was fast losing its 
color, he looked up, while a smile played over his face, as he 
I ^hon th.il it was pretty slow work, " Yes, 

.V. lUil Tni shiiah to ketch 'ini." And so 
\>< iliil, .IS wr were aftcrwanls pleased lo learn. 

'>^ ' '" I'libhi- s' IioipI system as carried out in Essex 

Mf.ir to the hearts of the people and is lo 

■the apple of their eye," there ;ire others 

till' p.iiochi.il school remains unabated. 

!id our Catholic fellow-citizens who 

to this institution of their fathers. 



or business life, is seen on page 107. From the doors 
of the Newark Academy have gone forth thousands of 
young men who are adorning the professions and are proud to 
call I'rof. Earrand's academy their, alma mater. As well as 
being one of the best, the Newark Academy is one of the oldest 
academicd schools in the State, as it is the oldest in the (bounty 
of Essex, having been established in 1792. The academy is 
situated on the plot of ground on the southeastern corner of 
High and William Streets, in the city of Newark. 

The lioard of Education of the city of Newark holds its 
regular sessions on the last Friday evening of each month, in 
the chamber of the Common Council, at the City Hall. The 
Hoard is ollicered as follows .it this time ( 1897), viz: President. 
William .A. Gay, who presides at all the meetings of the Board ; 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



Ill 




VVALIKK T. CKANE, SCHOOL COMMISSIONER. 



Secretary, Robert D. Argue, wlio has 
his office in one of the education rooms 
at the City Hall, where he may be 
found every day from 8 A. M. to 5 p. M. 
Mr. Argue seems to be peculiarly well 
adapted for the place he fills so ad- 
mirably. He attends all the meetings 
of the Boaid of Education and keeps 
a faithful record of all their proceed- 
ings. The Assistant Secretary of the 
lioard is Samuel Gaiser, whose duty 
is to help Mr. Argue bear his burden. 
The Superintendent of Erection and 
Repairs is Mr. George W. Reeve. 

By a resolution of the Board of Edu- 
cation the school term of the year has 
been fixed at forty weeks, the schools 
opening generally on the first Tuesday 
of September anil continuing till the 
latter part of June. A week or ten 
(lays is termed the short vacation dur- 
ing the holiday periotl. During the 
present school year, beginning Septem- 
ber, TS96, and ending June, 1897, there 
has been an attendance of pupils num- 



- ^ ■»■ 




A. N. LEWIS. SCHOOL COMMISSION K U. 



bering, as per roll ke]it, a little more than 30,000. about e(|ually 
divided between males and females. In order that the 
teachers may have the advantages accruing from lectures on 
educational subjects. Teachers' Institutes are held on the third 
Saturday of February. April and November, the session e.N- 
tending from 9 A. M. to ]2 M., and from 1.30 103.30 P. M. 
Besides these institutes designed and carried on for the special 
benefit of teachers employed in the city schools, there is the 
regular County Institute at which all the teachers in the county 
engaged in teaching in the public schools are expected to 
attend unless excused by the County Superintendent on pre- 
senting some good and sufficient reason why they desire such 
e.xcuse for a non-attendance. These Institutes the teachers 
usually attend with alacrity, and especially is this the case 
when men who are thoroughly versed in educational matters 
and are qualified to instruct in the art of teaching and 
understand the true principals of pedagogy, are expected to 
occupy the speaker's platform. But it is not too frequent 



that a Briimlxiugh can be secured to instruct, edifv and 
please everybody. Not a few cases of sick headache or 
break bone fever (Grippe) can be trotted out for a spin when 
an uninteresting speaker is announced. 

The High .School of the city of Newark marks well up on 
the educational record of Essex County, and compares most 
favorably with any other high or academic school in the State. 
The Newark High School is under the care of Professor E. O. 
Hovey, a teacher of lar je experience, and a gentleman of most 
exemplary character. Professor Hovey is surrounded by a 
large corps of assistants who do much to lighten his burdens 
and add not a little to the success which marks the career of 
this school. Among this corps of assistants is found Professor 
Sonn, a veritable Boanerges among teachers, and wlio will be 
remeniberd for his splendid qualities as a gentleman and scholar, 
in his efforts to keep the people posted in regard to the meas- 
urements of heat and cold, the barometrical pressure, the ex- 
tent of the rain-fall and other scientific reports, sent with his 




BUOWN, SCHOOL COAIM ISSUlNER. 



compliments to the people, through the 
columns of the afternoon papers. Like 
Professor Hovey, Professor Sonn, is a 
scholarly gentleman, and the High School 
jHipils are often heard to exclaim, " How 
could we do without him ? " so attached 
have his pupils become to this exxellent 
teacher of the higher branches of aca- 
demic learning. The daily sessions of 
the High School begin at 9 A. M. and 
close at 12.15 P- i^l-.and from r to 2.30 P. 
M. Newark conducts her own normal 
classes, thus fitting out her own teachers. 
The Normal School is under the care of 
Professor Clark, who, for many years, 
tilled most acceptably the place of princi- 
pal of the Fifth Ward Grammar School. 
The High School was opened in its pre- 
sent quarters at 133 Washington Street on 
January 7, 1S53. and during all these 
years, forty-two in number, two thousand 
and eighty five graduates have passed 




OM.MISSIONEK. 



Ill' 



ESSEX COrXTY. X. J.. ILU'STKATED. 



^^^ 1^. 



IS coiiduclctl an evening 
with I. W'ilnier Kennedy 



h 



L 



/ 



Ilk. I. W. KKMl. SCIIoOl. CKMMlhMDNEK. 



fri.ni lis pnrlals. < >f tluse, 794 were 
Mialis .inil i,3yi wfic females. In Uiis 
same biiiltlinj,' 
liijjh si'hool, 
as principal. 

The entire corps of teachers in ihc 
lliyh School is made up as follows, viz.: 
I'rof. K. (). Hovi-y. Principal ; male depart- 
ment. I'rofs. (',. C. .Sonn. A. M., \V. C. 
Sandy. C. S. Thatcher, C. V. Kayser, I'h. 
1)., A. H. Sherman, Krank G. Oilman; 
female department, Clara W.Green. \'ice- 
I'rincipal : I'lii'.a I.eydcn, Ph. M., B. Flora 
Ciane, Ph. M., Millie .A. Foster, Mary 
II. Kichards, Natalie Anlz, Ella K. Put- 
nam. .A. B., Hannah M. Coult. Marie 
lUittner. Abbie E. Wisjjjins. Sarah J, Mc 
.Maty. Nellie Hill. High School Annex. 
j;irls, 105 Washington Street; Edmund 
O. Hovey, Ph. I)., Principal ; Isador M. 
.Sherman. .Sophia E. \'on Seyfried. Gene- 
vieve S.Grork, I^lizabelh Harden, Joseph- 
ene A. Field. August M. H. Heyer ; High 
School Annex, boys, 103 Washington 



O 



* ' If i*^ 




>V 



Cll.-\Kl.li.S M. MVIiKS, SCHOOL CO.\lMlSSI0NEIi. 



Street, Prnf. Hovey, .\. M. Ph. O., Principal ; .Arthur W. Taylor, 

William E. Wiener. Theodore H. Haskell, Ph. D., K. S. Blake. 

Not half the tribute due to the High School branch of our 

' ' ' ilion c;m we pav, not having the space 

and now as we approach the primary 

■uiil gi,in u ilrpaiiiiicnls of the best system of education for 

the masses ever devised by anyone, it is with deep regret, since 
we have not the opportunity to deal justly, or as extensively as 
ihey so richly deserve. The primary schools scattered all over 
the county, nearly all of which have the kintergarden attach- 
ment, giving the little ones opportunity to begin, when the 
twigs arc lender, to give them the bend in the right direction, 
as in the work of carrying out the old axiom, " Just as the twig 
is bent the tree's inclined," toward which, all teachers are 
generously inclined, stand with wide open doors and with out- 
strcchcd arms ready to welc onieall comers. No teacher, as we 
goon in \f.nrs. is lieiirr than experience, and she has taught 
us • 1 is just as near perfection when our 

chi J nut in pursuit of an education, as it is 



possible to come, and it is with much pride that we can say. 
that it is found in nearly, if not quite all, of our primary schools. 
The primary schools of the City of Newark alone, number 
about fifty, and taking the county of Essex as a whole, 
it would not savor of exaggeration, were the statement made, 
that the number of primary schools would reach nearly or quite 
one hundred, and with such care have they been located, that 
few children are so situated as not to be within easy walking 
distance of the school which they are allotted to attend. 

Especially true is this of the cities of Newark and Orange, 
and since the new or township law, as it is termed, went into 
effect, the benehcient arrangement under its wise provisions, 
which provides that where children are living at inconvenient 
distances from the schools the State generously provides a fund 
of money, with which to pay the expense of their transportation 
to and from the school rooms. Since, in quite a large portion 
of Essex County, the schools are necessarily located for the 
edification and comfort of the majority of the children of school 
age, therefore it must needs be that the minoritv. while suffer- 




mg from the disadvantage which dis- 
tance meets out, must needs be pro- 
vided with a conveyance to and from the 
school-room each day of the school year. 

It is with no slight degree of pride that 
the people of Essex County can turn to 
their public school buildings, as for loca- 
tion, size, convenience and architectural 
attractiveness, they compare favorably 
with the best in the State or nation, 
lake, for exam|)les, the High Scluic 
buildings at East Orange and .Montcl.i;: 
— buildings erected at a cost of eitli- 
of more than one hundred thousand dol- 
l.irs. In their healing and ventilation, 
these buildings are models, while the 
1 l.iss-study and recitation rooms and the 
.issembly halls are capacious, and meet 
the purposes for which they were de- 
signeil by the architects who 
them marvellously well. 

As such a large proportion of the child- 



planned 




IIAKI.KS K. SANSO.M, SCHOOL CO.MMISSIONER. 



JBSSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



113 



children of Essex County are coni])elled by circum- 
stances to close their school days when the course 
of study ends wi'h the grammar school, this becomes 
the all-important in the mind of such as turn off 
at this point from their school life, and join the 
great bread winning brigade. While the great 
majority of the pupils who have finished tlie gram- 
mar school course show little reluctance at turning 
from the school-house door, and with alacrity take 
up the cudgel of life, seldom, if ever, thinking of 
the teachers and educators, and not knowing or 
caring whether there is such a thing as an Alma 
Mater and hardly, if ever, take a look into the book, 
there is yet the minority who leave its sacred pre- 
cincts with tear-bedewed eyes, and who cherish 
every remembrance associated with their schoo' 
life, and hold the grammar school diploma as the 
precious thing of life, and who spend all their 
leisure moments in pursuing the educational portion 
which they failed to reach, ere they, too, step out 
into the world, determined to use what they had 
learned, to their best advantage, and add thereto, in 
their leisure hours, all they possibly can to make 
themselves manly men. 

It was not until 1 886 that manual training was introduced 
into the public school curriculum. Among the many things 
incorporated therein, few indeed, if any, have proved of greater 
usefulness, and from which better results have accrued, than 
that branch of study known as manual training. On its intro- 
duction each district was left with the power to elect its own 
course. This course was continued until June. 1892. The 
State Board of Public Instruction directed the then State Super- 
intendent of Public Schools, to prepare a course of study for 
the guidance of those schools which had incorporated manual 
training into their curricula, or might hereafter incorporate it. 
While Dr. Poland, the Superintendent, prepared the course 
with great care, having called to his assistance principals of 
such schools as had adopted it in their course of study, it w'as 
soon found that additions and changes were necessary, and as 
the Doctor honestly stated in his report, that the course as laid 
down was merely suggestive, since the course of study pursued 
"shall be approved by the .State Board of Education." 

He further said, this approval of the Board was the condition 




ST. PATRICK 



■AKialllAI, SCHOtJl,. CKXTKAL AVKXLK. 




PETERS PAROCHIAL SCHOOL. LIVINGSION STREET. 



precedent to the appropriation of any money for manual train- 
ing purposes. I5ut withal, the Board did not interfere, but gave 
to each school the widest range and largest latitude to carry 
out its own wishes, both as to number of manual training 
branches to be pursued and the amount and kind of instruction 
to be given. But in the exercise of this large liberty, each 
school had the good sense to keep close up to the course laid 
down in order that the purse strings might be easily unloosed 
when pay day came around Among the schools of Essex 
County which first caught hold of the manual training innova- 
tion, as some of those who questioned the propriety of its in- 
troduction termed it, were Montclair, South Orange, Orange 
and East Orange, taking precedence in the order named. The 
following, appeared in the report of the County Superintendent 
to the State Superintendent of public schools for 1894. 

" Again 1 am able to report progress in these beautiful lines 
of public instruction. Since my last report, East Orange has 
joined the ranks of the rapidly swelling army of schools, where 
the pupils have the wicket-gates to the realities of life, and the 
business of the world thrown open to them. No 
step backward is the motto in this county. As 
yet, Montclair is the only school where I am able 
to report the school kitchen open to the young 
misses, where they may take lessons in cooking and 
baking and good coffee making, but other schools 
are making ready the little bijou of kitchens where 
the young misses can wrestle with high art cooking 
No one can fully understand the far-reaching bene- 
fits of teaching along these lines till they come to 
a full realization of the fact how very few of the 
children from the common schools have oppor- 
tunity to further pursue education. The kinder- 
garten has come to stay. This I am pleased to 
report." 

The love of trees, shrubs, plants, etc., which is 
springing up and truly nurtured among the pupils 
of almost every school, which the celebration of 
Arbor Day is begetting, is a beautiful result and 
well worth all the attention bestowed. The follow- 
ing is from our report of the same vear— we trust 
our readers will feel, as we do, its worthiness 



114 



E^i^EX COrSTY. N. ./., ILLUSTRATED. 



t.. I1..I1I a plare in ihcsc l>nj;fs : "Arbor Day. A 
^;riiwin>; love for Arbor Day amonjj all the schools 
IS slowlv fon-ing upon the people a realization 
,,f how : ms to iheiountry and the world. 

This is i 'V are bejjinnin^ to understand 

it belter. The reports from eacli priii.ipal of the 
several schools, all of which I sent to your olVice. 
show pretty conclusively that the science of Kort s- 
iry is \>r ' .1 living; theme." 

Afiet a of the reports of the co- 

workers in liie s.inie i.liicial capacity, we linil about 
the same decree of rej^'ard exercised toward these 
!iew branches of educational work, and especially 
is this true of the br.mches nientioned. That there 
is a true spirit of beneficence arisin],' from the use 
,,f .an dcnv w ho have ever watched 

ill. 4 from a judicious employment 

of calisthenics as a pari of the daily routine of 
class work in this line. Too much care cannot be 
exercised in ihe selection of teachers in this l)ranch 
of public instruction. The marked difference in 
ihe walk and pose of younj; girls especialy. cannot 
but he seen by the most casual observer, after a 
wcU-conduclcd course under the instruction and 
jjuidance of a teacher versed in the art. Not alone 
to the calestlienic teacher is the correction of the faults of 
walk. pose. etc.. due. but to the resolute way in which he or she 
j;oes about the work of pulling his or her bony framework into 
Ihe positions designeil by the great architect, having its begin- 
nings and endings, points ;ind balances just where e.ich will 
meet the other in perfected harmony. 

We have not the space to pay the tribute due to the many 
workers in the cause of education in I'.ssex county, but ere we 
write the word tinis, we will touch upon the birth, career and 
somelhing of Ihe life-work, of one or two which have gained 
.1 prominence in the good work, which we trust, will be read 
witli interest. The City Superintendent of the Public Schools 
of Newark. Dr. William N. Ilarringer. has written his name high 
as an educator. Like m.my of our leading educators, successful 
business men and statesmen, Dr. Barringer is eminently a 
sell-made man. Me was l)orn in the old Kinpire State and 
grew up a farmer boy. Me was t)lessed only with the advan- 





1 "^ 



. I r.rvniii 1 



Sr. InSKl'HS PAR<ICHI..\L .SCHOOL. WALLACE PLACE AND WARREN Sf. 



tages of the district school, when he tried a term or two in the 
Troy Academy, where he was fitted for the sophomore class of 
Union College, but when he was not yet seventeen, a chance to 
make ten dollars a month and board (around) included, he 
accepted instead. 

This was a valuable experience, and young Barringer took 
advantage of every line of the same. His love for books grew 
as he labored earnestly to become a school master indeed, and 
in three years he had made rapid advances in the higher 
branches of learning. Teaching seemed to come to young 
Barringer cpiite naturally, and he was always ready to help on 
any movement for the betterment of the science of Pedagogy. 
He was one of the founders of the National Teachers Association, 
and the New York State Teachers' Association. For awhile 
the Doctor studied medicine, .showing such proficiency as led 
his acquaintances to believe that he would make his mark as a 
physician, but he abandoned all his bright medical jiromises 
for a teacher's life. Kor two years he had charge 
of two large Troy City Schools. While there he 
took a course in chemistry and physics in the Troy 
Polytechnic Institute, and holds to-day a scholar- 
ship in that noted institution, gained through the 
help lie gave Professor Green in nconstructing the 
course of study. 

From 1S67 to 1877, Dr. Barringer held the prin- 
cipalship of the Chestnut Street School. When 
Mr. .Sears resigned. Dr. Barringer was called to the 
post of City Superintendent of the Public Schools, 
.111(1 has held the oflicc ever since. By virtue of his 
superintendency he is one of Ihe Trustees of the 
great Public Library of the city of Newark. In 
1S92 Dr. Bariinger visited the educational insli- 
lulions of England, !■" ranee and Germany, and 
delights greatly in the recognitions he received from 
educationists abroad. The fair fame which the 
Doctor had earned as an educator, preceded him 
and prepared the way for that cordial reception 
which to him was awarded, as a representative of 
American Educators, and the Doctor has often 
said repaid him doubly u<-Il for ihc oil it losi. 



It 



ft 



iJjMl^ 



IKpiiL, CuK. NIAGARA ANli kUKMORN SIS. 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



lU 



Few indeed are the iiiiiiiljer aiiinng us who seem to have 
lieen designed more surely for tlie road in which they 
are travelling, tlian the City Superintendent of Public Schools, 
William N. Barringer. For nearly a quarter of a century 
has this faithful servant gone in and out of the public schools 
of the capital city of the County of Essex, and always, so 
far as the writer has been able to discern, with satisfac- 
tion to pupils, parents and teachers, and honor to himself. 
When Mr. Barringer took hold of the city superintendency of 
the public schools of the city of Newark, he was no novice, 
but he came to the work with a fullness of years and com- 
pactness of character which eminently fitted him for the 
place. That he was prepared for the great work to which 
he was called by education and practical experience, none 
who knew him questioned, and the results of all the long 
years that he h,is heroically toiled, so that when his steward- 
ship would end, he could hear the well done, and enjoy the 
blessed privilege of carrying the certificate of having been 
a good and faithful servant. Not alone did they who went 
in and out each day with William N. Barringer, come to 
a full understanding of his eminent qulifications for the post 
lie lield, or the solidity of his learning, but the facts were 
carried to Princeton College, New Jersey's grandest educa- 
tional institution, which honored him with the title of A. M., 
•ind across the Hudson, and found a lodging place in the 
rich educational soil of C,otham, and they took root o\er 
there and bore for him the rich fruit of a Ph. D. from the 
University of the Citv of New York. 

Now, at this time when the three score years and ten 
encircle his brow with its silver rim but not without his mind 
being as clear and physical strength all unabated, the honors 
and emoluments of his position are continued. While it is no 
p.iit of oin- dutyto eulogize where true worthdoes not commend 
it, we find all that is necessary when we reach the gentleman 
and scholar, Mr. U. W. Cutts, wdio for the past decade has 
lieen superintendent of the public schools in the city of Orange. 
That Mr. Cutts has such qualifications, which eminently fit him 
for school supervisor, none who know him will deny. While 
county superintendent of public schools, it became our duty, 
together with Superintendents Cutts and Barringer, to conduct 
examinations for the State scholarship, ft was during these 





lENl'H WARD GERMAN AND ENGLISH SCHOOL. 



GREEN .STREE'f GERMAN ANIJ ENGLISH SCHOOL. 

examinations that it was learned how thoroif^hly they were 
devoted to the work, and how eminently worthv they were of 
the places they filled, and how well c|ualified for their calling. 

Much of that musical taste found in the Orange public 
schools, is due to Superintendent Cutts, but we would 
not for one moment detract an iota, or attempt to, from others 
who it is well known have taken a deep interest in securing 
proficiency in this beautiful branch of learning. Indeed in 
nearly every school in the county of Essex, music is now taught, 
and in many of them the pupils are making such progress that 
many of the children on leaving school will show 
commendable proficiency. From one of Superin- 
tendent Cutts' late reports to the State officials, we 
learn that vocal music has been made a part of 
the regular course, and under a special instructor, 
and this has been going on for twenty years, and 
for the past few years the schools have adopted 
W'hat is termed the tonic sol-fa system, which is 
receiving, in some places, very high commendation. 
Connected with every Catholic Church there is 
the parochial or church school, where the children 
of Catholic parents are expected to get their 
schooling, especially in their earlier years, when 
those seeking higher acadernic or collegiate edu- 
cation are transferred to the Catholic academies, 
colleges and seminaries. As both St. Benedict's 
and Seaton Hall, and many others, are located in 
this county of Essex, the advantages of schooling 
under church infiuences for their children are un- 
constrained. 

Patriotism is a branch of education which has 
come into the schools since the war of the southern 
rebellion, and in ])ursuance thereof, the stars and 
stripes, as one of the regulations, shall float from 



lit; 



ESSEX COEXTY, X. J., ILLESTRATED. 



tln>;slall or school-house pcnk ivcry ilay 

■ luring si hi)ol hours. The children nre to 
learn patriotic lessons and t<) siny patriotic 
siinj^s. 1 lie l)a;;s were usually preseiilcil 
liv cili/'-ns and patriotic associations, until 
the session of the State I.cjjislaturc of i ■ / 
when .1 law was enacted entitling ■ \i i 
public school in the state to an American 
ll.ij; and pole. 

'Ihf: T"wn'-hii' Sv.siEM. 

II of puhlii' SI hool 
1 .11^ I'.'if . !- ..If.' .. .. ^iroiij; hold upon the 
rducation.d minds of those eiv^.ijjed in con- 
diKiiriL; "o| matters in the State 

.>! Ni v. 1 ii.it Dr. Poland, l.ile State 

Superinlendeni of Tulilic Instruction, is the 
father of the s\steiii in this Stale, there is no 
iloulit. In his prelimin.iry report to the 
St.ite lio.ird of Kduc.ition, he pays a tiibute 
to the sjsteni in .in exhaustive review of the 
laws of other States, twenty-six in number, 
which had already adopted the system, and 
in copies of the opinion, on the subject, of 
m.iny of the most noted educators who li.id 
pi. iced their veiws on record, .ind calls p.ir- 
tiiidar attention to the f.ict that in the opinion of the State 
Ito.irds of liducation. St.itc School Superintendents, the Coiu- 
missionrr of lalucation of the I'nited St.ites and all other 
educ.ilionists who hail experience, that there is no (|uestioii 
in their minds as to its superiority over all other svslenis 

■ •r forms of sct^ol or^ani/alion. and p.irlicularlv so in rej,'ai(l 
to the old-fashioned school district system. lie s;i\es pecu- 
li.ir emphasis to the fact, that as f.ir back as 1S39. Iloiace 
Mann, one of the ^^le.itest educators ever r.iised. made use of 
the followinj; emphatic l.ui};ua;ie in one of his reports : " I con- 
sider the l.iw of 17S9. authori/inj; towns to divide themselves 
into districts, the most mifortunatc on the subji.-ct of common 
sell • nacted in the State of Massachusetts." 

I ed jud;.;inent. says Dr. I'ol.ind, of the most dis- 

lin;;insiiid "if Amerii .in educ.itors. pronoiuued over lift\ viars 
.iv;o, h.is been .illirmed over and over aijain bv the hijjhfst 
education. d .luthnrilies throu'^hoiit the I'niled Stales and worhl. 





N 1 1 ft. IK.IC SLllnoi , 



VAll.SIUKGH I'Ur.IJC SCHOOL. 

That this essential weakness of our common school system has 
been cle.irly apprehended by foreign educators, is shown by the 
follow in;.;, from the valuable work of Hon. Francis .Vdams. Sec- 
retarv of the National I.eatfue of England, on the free school 
system of the L'nited Stales, in which he says: " Although at 
lirst si;^lit the area of a school district may appear to be an un- 
important matter of detail, yet upon it, as the experience of the 
l"nited States has proved, the efficiency of any school system 
largely depends. The most formidable dilVicutly which the 
.American system has encountered, has arisen out of this ques- 
tion. This is what is know n in the United Stales as the District 
System. Wherever it still exists it is the subject of the most 
bitter complaint and con<leinnation amongst scliool superin- 
tendents and oliicers. 

■' Most of the stales have, afler an extended trial of a district 
system, le-organi/ed under the township plan, and the complete 
abolition of the former system, if it can be secured by the 
almost unanimous condemnation of school 
oliicers of all grades, would appear to be a ques- 
tion of time only." The United States Com- 
missioner at Washington reported as follows ; 
" The oldest American educational idea was 
that of Massachusetts, which looked to one 
elementary school in every town containing fifty 
house-holders, with a grammar school where 
there were fifty more house-holders. A some- 
what recent but more widely spread idea, was 
to have ordinary schools in every township, a 
higher school for each county and a college 
or university for every State. 

"The township was the unit of the whole 
school system, and many thoughtful men are 
questioning whether it ought not to be restored 
to that position, instead of being broken inlo 
incohesive fragments called school districts, 
as is common now. The.se being invariable 
characteristics as results of the two systems, 
a nundier of the States are endeavoring to 
get rid of the district and substitute the town- 
ship system. The voice of the State superin- 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



117 





WILLIAM A. GAY, I'KKSIDENT OF 
r.OAKD OF EDUCATION. 



theory at least, the State guarantees to every child equal school 
opportunities. This guarantee has amounted to nothing in the 
past, so far at least as the rural schools arc concerned. The 
State school moneys raised by uniform tax, have been clistri- 
bvitod to the several districts of the State upon the presump- 
tion that they would be intelligently and economically dis- 
l)ursc(l. but evidence is not lacking that in scores, if not hund- 
reds, of the small districts into which the State was formally 
divided, State school moneys have produced comparatively 
small returns. 

By consolidating the school districts of a township and there- 
by unifying their administration, are making them a charge 
upon the ta.vable property of the whole township, and l)y opening 
them to all children residing therein, the first great step toward 
equality will be taken. Every child may then enjoy the best 
that the town affords. It equalizes school burdens. There 
is raised annually, by State tax, for the support of schools, an 
amount equal to $5.00 per capita for each and every child of 
school age, five to eighteen years, residing within the State 



lltNKV J. ANOEUSON, t.\-I'RESIDEN r 
OF THE BOARD OF EDUC.\TION. 




HON. JAMES L. HAYS, MEMBER OF STATE 
ISO.\RD OK EDUCATION. 



tendents is believed to be uniformly in favor 

of this change." Dr. Poland goes father 

and fortifies his advance by concise and easily 

understood statements as to its advantages. 

First, it equalizes school privileges. Under 

the old system the schools of the State 

have for many vears presented the widest 

diversity, ranging from the most praise- 
worthy excellence to the most deplorable 

mediocrity. 

The village and large graded schools have, 

as a rule, been constantly improving. The 

majoritv of ungraded rural schools, on the 

contrary, have gradually but surely deteri- 
orated. This result is traceable to the 

absence of one or more of the following con- 
ditions : suitable buildings and appliances, 

efficient grading and courses of study, school 

year of necessary duration, properly qualifieil 

teachers and efficient expert supervision 

favoring local conditions. Under the old 

svstein this inequality of conditions was 

bound to exist, hence, anything like equality 

of privileges was out of the question. In 

Of the amount so raised, there is returned to each county 
ninety per cent. The remaining ten per cent, is distributed 
among the poorer counties by the State Board of Education, 
in their discretion. Here there is the principle established of 
taxing the wealthier parts of the State for the benefit of the 
poorer. 

PRESIDl'NT WILLIAM A. C.AV. 

Xo ward in the city of Newark is more fortunate in the rep- 
resentatives she has in the Board of Education than the 
Eleventh. One of her representatives, William A. Gay, Esq., 
having not alone the confidence of the people of the ward, in 
honoring him with an election to the Board in the first place, 
but also of the body itself, in awarding to him the distinguished 
consideration of its elevating Mr. Gay to the presidency. As 
our readers will understand, but a single member of the Board 
can reach the place, it is no light honor his having been selected 
for the exalted position. As well as the writer has been able to 
judge, there was no lack of tact and business acumen exercised 
when the selection of Mr. William .\. Gay was made, as one 
among their number who should preside over their deliberations, guide and direct their 
movements and wear the honors of the first position within their gift. William A. Gay 
is one of those kind of men who have the faculty of making friends without an effort, 
and when once won they cling with magnetic tenacity, it mattering not how rapidly the 
wheel of life inav turn or how great the changes, as in all public positions, places of 
honor and trust to which he has once been called, it is but his determined objection 
alone, to be awarded a recall or re-election when his first term shall have expired. 

That Dr. Henry J. Anderson, 
the predecessor of President Gay, 
was a man in the right place, and 
was looked upon as an honorable, 
careful and painstaking presiding 
officer, since we ever found him in 
his place, and engaged in conduc- 
ting the business of the Board, un- 
selfish in all his a])pointments, and 
in order to carry out his determi- 
nation to be non-partisan, he more 
often erred, if he ever erred, against 
the party where he had his own 
political affiliations. Excellent 
photos of President Gay and Ex- lafayette street public school. 




/7> 



ESSEX COrXTY. X. J., ILLVSTRATEn. 



Prcsidiiit AtuliTSKn are seen aiiionj^ ihc IxMulidil 
illustrations in this work, uvery jia^'c of uliicli 
sounds its own prniscs. 

TIIK llOKiiliill t>K VAll.SlU Ki'.ll. 

Ii is l)ul a few moons ayo. or in(k-c<l hdI iiiaiiy. 
since ihd pretty villa^o <)( \ailsl>uryli. so named 
in lionor of the writer of this work, was a l)arl 
and parrel, not (|iiile so insi^'nltiL-ant as some 
mii;lit deem, of the school district known as Colum- 
bia. South ()ran;;e. After this it hecame a districl 
,dl hy itself, and known .is V.iilshurgh No. 29 of 
Essex County. I'nderthe district system it grew 
and prospered until the surburhan village took 
on cit\ dignities and became the borough of \'.iiK- 
burgh. witha Mayor ami Uo.ird of Aldeniun, ai 
had to itself all the customary dignitaries and cil\ 
(borough* oflicials. The new township free school 
law increased its Board of School Trustees, so 
that now, and indeed ever since the city's birth, 
the Board of Management of its very excellent 
public schools, has been increased to nine members, 
consisting of the following named gentlemen, citizens 
of the borough : William Welsher, Krederich A. 
Mock, Charles II. Smith, Kev. R.H.Gage. Alex- 
.mdcr \'olheye. John I'., .\schenback. James Hampton, Borough 
Clerk William Billington and Alderman V-. .\aglc. William 
Welsher is President of the Board, and Fretlerick A. Mock, 
District Clerk. 

SI. I'KrRk'S ['\K()CHI.\L -SCHOOI.. 

.Among the largest r.nd one ol the very best conducted of the 
jiarochial schools of the city of Newark, where the young are 
taught, is that in the parish of St. Peter's, the immense build- 
ings of which are seen on Livingston Street, and is known as 
the Parochial School of .St. Peter's Church. In all probability, 
this is the largest C.ernian School in the city of Newark. The 
teachers having charge arc selected as being particularly gifted 




"^ 



thoroughly well prepared for their high calling before beint 



* 



i ! 




•^■*~ ^--.tf 



.V-.*.'^ 



Kt.AI)I.N(; ROOM llK I UK IKI-.K I'LIII.IL llllkAKY. 



.AUI'S MKM<IKIAL HI'llREW SCHOOI., ON PRINCE SIKEE'I . 

permitted to take hold of the classes in St Peter's and attempt 
to guide them through intricate mazes of iheir early school 
life, therefore it is that the ])upils who have had the advantages 
in early life of the systematic training which is found within the 
walls of St. Peter's, mark high in the race of life. 

SI. IDSKPll'S PAROCHIAL SCHOOL. 
As the reader passes the corner of Wallace Place and 
Warren Street, his attention cannot help very well from being 
called to the massive buildings in which, if he make inquiry, he 
will be told is housed the great primary educational interests of 
the hundreds who make St. Joseph's Church their religious 
home. Those buildings to which we refer being none other 
than those pertaining to St. Joseph's Parochial School, the largest 

Catholic school in the State 
— of New Jersey. Like all other 

schools under the care of the 

Catholic Church, eveiy care 

! is sought to be taken, not 

alone to have the children 

thoroughly well educated in 

all the secular branches of 
learning, but also that the 
pupils under their instruction 
/ shall also be well rooted in 
spiritual affairs, it being a 
cannon of the Catholic 
Church that learning, both 
secular and religious in char- 
acter, shall go hand in hand 
in life's journey. 

ST. PATRICK'S PAROCHIAL 
SCHOOL. 
On Central Avenue, ad- 
joining the St. Patrick's 
Cathedral, is located the 
parochial school of the cathe- 
dral. This institution is very 
large as well as being \eiy 
popular, being under the cue 
of the Christian Brothers. 



■■ym0 



III 111'; 



'ri 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



119 



< Many of the young men of Catholic parentage 

it take great pride when they leave for promotion, or 

to take their place in the busy world, in saluting 

this school as their A/ma Mater. The Sisters 

|1 have charge of the primary department, where 

' probably a greater number of children attend 

than any other parochial school in the city, except 

St. James'. St. Patrick's is the successor of St. 

Mary's Hall, which was formerly conducted on 

High Street, where the womens' department of St- 

Michael's Hospital now stands, and was founded 

by the venerable Father Senez, who at that time 

was ]iastorof St. Patrick's Church. 

ST. M.^RY MAGDALEN. 
In a little frame structure on I-ister .'Avenue 
the Rev. Father Wiseman, with heroic Christian 
devotion, is meeting with marked success in his 
nuK-axiir to build up a parish from the outlying 
districts immediately surrounding this church. l'>y 
turning to page 67 of this book, the reader will 
SIC a photographic picture of the modest structure 
III which Father Wiseman is carrying out the 
li'.iutiful injunction which the Master gave to St. 
I'rtt-r, of " Feeding my Sheep." 

THE XEWAl^K FREE PUIILIC LIIiRARV. 

Xever since the history of the world began has there been 
jiirpetrated, against the learning of mankind, a more henious 
iiffense or a more dastardly crime, than was perpetrated by the 
.Moslems after the capture of the renowned city of Alexandria, 
when the commander-in-chief of the capturing army of the 
intulfl horde, wantonlv committed to the dames the great 





mm. 



MAIN ROOM OK THE FREE I'Ulil.lC LIBRARY. 



,\1^\\ARK TECHNICAL SCHOOL, OX HIGH STREET. 

library of the city, which contained the greatest collection of 
books, pamphlets and manuscripts in the world. It was not the 
audacious crime alone of burning the liljrary, of committing to 
the flames the literary treasures of all preceding ages, but the 
fact that many of the volumes which had been gathered at a 
mighty expenditure from all parts of the globe, many of which 
were of the greatest value and could not be replaced, there being 
no duplicates, when their precious 
I contents had crumbled to ashes 

\ and had gone up in fire and smoke, 

amid the exultations of the savage 
hordes who made up the army of 
destruction and loot. 

Which danced .irouiul this funeral pyre 

of history. 
Where tlie wreathing smoke left the 

world in mystery. 
The half million volumes of book lore 

furnishing the fuel. 
To feed ihe fire consuming, eartli'slieauti- 

ful jewels. 

I was there, through tliis unheard of 

Mahonunedan dast.ardy, 
That Maliommet's deluded converts 

sough.t the mastery. 
Wading tiu'ougli l)lood, fire and smoke. 

to rob tile world. 
And leave the flag of ignorance to the 

breeze unfurled. 

Among the black pages of his- 
'ii-y, and there are not a few, it 
A ould seem that there are none 
more wantonly and cruelly be- 
giimed or to compare with that one 
])age whereon is written the history 
if the hoiTor known as the sacking 
I Egypt's capital and the burning 
ijf the Alexandrian Library. For 
(|uite five centuries of titiie, the war 
which the followers of Malionimel 
waged was so relentless in char- 
acter that historians tell us, that 



120 



E.^SEX COrXTY, X. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



it dill seem al one time a> thniigli the flasliing ciiiitttis of 
ih, " ■ Would cut ilown all Christendom. liut the 

«,,; ■, re.uvercd. and with its recovery new librarys 

werr estahlished. and amoiit; them i> the Newark Free Tuhlic 
l.ihrary. eMerior and inleri.ir views ol wliich are presented on 
tlie pages of this illustrated souvenir, and which contains up- 
ward of lifty thousand well-selected and neatly boimd volumes 
and nccordinij to the report of the able and courteous I.ihrarian, 
Frank 1'. ' 'he institution is doinj^.i work of which every 

ciii/en si ^ roud. The library is handsomely housed in 

the well constructed and imposing brown stone structure located 
on West I'.irk Street, between Hro.id and 
Ilalsey Streets. 

The lioard of Trustees for 1S97 consist 
of Hon. James M. .Stymour. Mayor of New- 
ark ; .Superintendent of I'ublic Schools Gil- 
bert. Messrs. Kdwaid H. Duryea, James 
TalTe, Wdli.un Johnson. James Peabotly 
and James E. Howell. These gentlemen 
are in love- with their work, and aim to so 
manage the affairs of the free library that 
the greatest good may accrue to the great- 
est nundicr. 

IMK NKWAKK TKCIINICAI. SCHOOL. 
To the inan who nourished the thought 
out of which grew the fact of a technical 
school for the cil\ of Newark, belongs an 
honor which nobody would ever attempt to 
gainsay or cause it to pale for one tiiomenl. 
in the sight of any true citizen of this great 
industrial city. 'I'he good which this institu- 
tion h.is already done, the grand work it has 
accomplished in the contracted (|uarters in 
which in lived and added new luster to 
the conception of the promise of the erec- 
tion, at an early date, of buildings suitable 
for the purpose of conducting a technical 
school in a city of more than 200.000 in- 
habitants. .Although but a single decade of 
years have gone into the impenetrable 
h.i/e of the p.ist. the school not having been 
org.ini/ed until 18S;, yet .in amount of 
work h.is been .iccomplished which coidd 
hardly have been expected, since the tpiarters 
in which the techniques were for the most 
of the time housed. So contracted have 
they been that to h.ive nude such wonderful 
progress would sei-m .dinosi impossible. 

Since the lechnic.il school 1 ame into th<- 
e<lucalioiial arena for mateiiiity honors, 
eighty-lwo sludinls have p.issed the pre- 
scribed industrial educational cour>e. all of 
whom delight to recogni/e the young insti- 
ICIIJ..I1. their /Until Maltr. These graduates 

s.ime kindly feeling toward their mother institution 

„ dilates of nearly all other educational institutions do. 

have org.inized an Alma Malfr .Society in order to keep strong 

the tic which binds. It is not because iheir deeds are evil that 

they do their work after the dark .sets in. The sessions of the 

• hehl in the evening in order to give those attending. 

v ■• to work to live," as the masses who wish to climb 
.ind k-rp on climbing the hill of knowledge, while working by 

' ■ ■ •'- "idy at night or not study at all. 

• are which thi- Stale extends to kindred 

■ (• ■■•'■-. iKit fail to extend tow.ird this, and were 



it not for the support which comes from the treasury of the 
State, men who have won fame and were permitted to cultivate 
the talent they possessed, and which needed but the develo])- 
ment which came through the technical school, would have 
lain dormant perhaps, for years or lost forever had it not been 
for the blessed opportunities offered by the evening classes. 
The (Jovernor of the State is President Ex-Ofllcio. Hon. 
James M. Seymour. .Mayor of Newark, is also Ex-Officio. Its 
corps of instructors, with Charles A. Colton. E. M , at the head 
as director and instructor in chemistry and physics ; Fred \V. 
Fort, \. M.. Cornelius S. Thatcher. C. 15., and Albert I'.. Wilson. 




da>, 
T 
nisiiti 



■.NTRANCIC IIAI.I. AMi .SIAI1{W\V o| I 111; 1 RtCK I'lllI.lC LIHRARV. 



m.athematics ; Albert Jacobi, descriptive geometry and tbeorv 
of cutting tools; James Kinselli. free-hand drawing; Maurice 
.•\. .Mueller. M. E.. mechanical drawing and mechanical engin- 
eering ; Fred S. Sutton, architectural drawing; William Kent, 
M. E.. lecturer on steam engineering, will compare most 
f;ivor.ilily with the faculty of any similar institution in the 
State or nation. It will be a glad day for the scientifically in- 
clined among our young men. and women too. for that matter, 
when the new home shall be completed, that they, one and all, 
may have opportunity to satisfy their craving for more light. 
along the w.ays where ihey have been groping in semi-darkness. 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. ]., AND ITS GOVERNMENT, 



£„=a 


^; ^ 


ft 


f1 






?.".;■ f^ 






HAT the people of Essex County 
are, as a rule, quiet and law- 
ibiding, has almost irrefutable 
i!emonslration in the fact that the 
present modest structure called 
a Court House situated at the 
juncliun of Market Street and 
Springfield Avenue, Newark, is 
now and has been for the past half century 
and more, of a capacity to hold all the litig- 
ants and lawbreakers when on trial who might 
assemble within its walls at any one time or 
for any other definite purpose. 

This Court House, for which the people have 
a particular kind of reverence and which is 
venerated apparently above all other buildings, 
was built many years ago of sample brown stone 
from the quarries which have their outputt- 
ings along the easterly border of the county — 
as more fully made manifest in an earlier chapter 
of Essex County, N. J., Illustrated— ex- 
tending deep into the hillsides bordering the 
Passaic and extending from Eighth Avenue, 
in Newark, to North Belleville, or Avondale. 
Its architecture, once seen, will make an impression on the 
stranger which will carry his thoughts back to the days of 
Alexander the Great and to the city he built at the mouth of 
the Nile, where these thoughts may revel in the architectural 
displays, cvolvements from the genius of Egypt's bright sons. 
Whether the stone ever raised any objection to their being 
wrought into a style architectural so far away we know not, but 
this we do know — when the project of a new Court House 
is broached and the question warms to the height of a local contest. 

the old Court 
House wins 
the fight. 

The building 
is two stories 
and attic and 
is surmounted 
with a unique 
belfry in which 
hangs the bell 
which has 
sounded the 
knell of prison 
fate to e V i 1- 
doers who, 
perchance, 
came over 
from the sister 
city of New 
York to try 
pastures green 
and fields 
that were 
JUDGE ALBERT A. DEPUE, fairer, and got 





ESSEX COUNTY COURT HOUSE. 



caught by our ever alert police. The lot of many a " smart " 
fellow who believed that his education was finished in the 
criminal schools, of New York City, where he had studied 
hard for years and where he had taken these lessons in 
outwitting the home police, until he felt that he liad a right 
of putting into practice just across the Hudson where his 
teachers, whom he had been taught to look upon as them- 
selves experts, feared to practice their own lessons. Yet, lo ! 
the brightest of the schools find themselves foiled in their first 
and most carefully laid plots, and having been caught, are 
compelled to spend many years m the Jersey prisons in hard 
study again in learning how to make shoes and break stones 
scientifically. 

Within the walls of this Court House— the style of archi- 
tecture of which is so decidedly ancient that it gives an appear- 
ance to the visitor much more in harmony with that of ye very 
far distant olden times than of that which prevailed when it 
was built, little more than a half century ago, with the winged 
gods of the Egyptians in view as a model to go by — have been 
enacted many startling and pathetic scenes. Not in the number 
of these enactments is there reason to boast, but of the heart- 
breaking character of some and the utter hopelessness of 
others. The catalogue of heinous offences is short, indeed, 
against the majesty of the law and the quickness of the 
measure of the punishment meted out, has satisfied the leaders 
in crime that distance — when all things else are taken into con- 
sideration — lends enchantment, and the examples presented for 
their careful consideration by our generous-hearted judges, to 

the view. 

If there was as much charm connected with the story of its 
building as about the selection of the spot of terra firma on which 
it stands, a few pages on that part of Essex's history would not 
be out of place, but it must be sufficient to say that the election 



122 




>I1EKIFF HURMKS LI. II I.IIACH. 



ESSEX COrXTY, X. /, ILLUSTRATED. 



or figlit for its loiation between 
Eli/abethtown and Newark was one 
of the most exciting the county 
ever knew. 

What, in all probability, gave the 
liner touches to the artistic beauty 
which surrounded the t'lnished pic- 
ture on all its sides after the elec- 
tion had settled the location of the 
house in favor of Newark, was the 
fact that the ladies had taken part 
in the election, which re(|uired a 
straight run of three days to finish. 
Even the school children enacted 
a trulv important part, as those 
who could write were drummed 
into the service and their little 
lingers were covered with ink from 
the pen with which they were 
writing. Printed tickets or stick- 
ers being an article then unknown, 
a mystery yet left hidden in the 
tomb of the future. Not so the 
tine art of ballot-box stuffing which 
for the past few years has been 




KI.VI.S W. CRANE, COUNTY PROSECUTOR. 



once again dr.-iwn forth from the hiding-place where these 
gentlemen and lady Court House locators had buried its 
bruised and mangled form embalmed, and from which the 
self-appointed ballot box puri/tca/orsoi our own day had wrested 
it and who had not thus easily escaped, but being caught red 
handed flirting the old mummy in full gaze of the honest voter 
and not a few of whom threw up their hands in the presence 
of the judge, .and pointing over their shoulders with their thumbs, 
made rosy red the faces of others who had been engaged in 
the nefarious business and fell under the thumbs' shadow, and 
marched forth to the court crier's " yeh yah " to receive their 
just deserts. 

To what extremes the contest for the location of the Court 
House was carried, makes the history of that short period in 
Essex County's history (|uite interesting, but as it deals with 
what is told in very few words, we will only show to what 
depths the struggle reached and how bitterly the factions 




KX-FKKKIlnl.llKK. CF.O. WII.IIF.I.M. 



opposed each other by (|Uoting a sentence from Mr. .Atkinson's 
•• History of Newark, ' which covers an occurrence which shows 
the character of the contest : 

" It is related that two highly respectable young Newarkers, 
William Halsey and Seth Woodruff, rode to Elizabethtown in a 
gig during the pendency of the election and were assaulted with 
a bucket of tar thrown on them by one Austin Penny who, it is 
believed, was afterward indicted and punished." 

Elizabeth was then a part of Essex County and such, says 
Mr. Atkinson, was the height to which locality feeling ran that 
it became dangerous for Newarkers to visit Elizabethtown, and 
vice versa. 

If we have not wearied the patience of our readers too much 
in lingering too long around the walls of our County Court 
House at the junction of Market Street and Springfield Avenue, 
or satiated the appetite for the beautiful and strangeness in 
archiceclure by keeping the gaze too long fixed on Egypt's art 

as presented in those reminders 

of Pharaoh the Great's exemplifi- 
cations looking out from the 

sculptured windows and away 

along down the line of the 

centuries to the time when the 

pyramids were built or the hosts 

of Israel went out, you have 

our invitation to step within its 

hallowed walls where, in the 

footsteps' echoes, is heard the 

forensic eloquence of thousands 

whose fame has reached as far 

as the Nile's architects are. 
'I'he court rooms are opened 

wide with tipstaffs venerable 

and bright, to point out the very 

spot where this young lawyer 

or that look his first lessons in 

jut7 deceiving, and where they 

garnered knowledge which the 

old men eloquent shook from 

Ulackstone's forensic trees. < im^ , i i kk i i u kightson. 




ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



123 



During all its palmy days no 
court house could have a better 
record made, and had the wizard 
Edison been ready with his novel 
device called the phonograph their 
voices to catch, or had this been 
the good fortune, the eloquence, 
the logic, and even the sympathetic 
tear, having been caught by the 
wizzard's machine, would come 
forth at call of some young limb 
of the law who, having forgotten 
all, could have immediately at hand 
the sarcasm of William (Speakeri 
Pennington, the logic of a Bradley, 
who carried law lore in his head. 
and ever after the presidential 
wrestle between Tilden and Hayeb. 
wore on his face presidential fate. 
Indeed, to the rescue hundreds 
might come to help out his elo- 
quence and perhaps win his case 
if care enough was taken as the 
crank was turned to bring up] the 
right man at the right time and in 
the right place, for surely 'twould seem a trifle queer to here 





EX-M.-\VOR JULTl'S \. LEBKUECHER. 



EX-FKEEHOI,DER C. C. COURSEN. 



■trike on the listening jurors' ear, rare bits of true eloquence 
.lb the time drew near, or one of those grand perorations of a 
Frelinghuysen, a Runyon or a Parker, when all that was 
wanted was what the forgotten alone could supply — that sympa- 
thetic tear so effective when seen by big-hearted jurors. 

What Edison, the wizard, or Weston, the marvellous electri- 
cian, may do in this line in the future we know not, but will 
present a horoscope quite clear, and reserve for a closing 
chapter, for since patience is such a bright jewel we have reason 
to wait, since it has been whispered that one or the other will 
invent a machine which will not alone re-echo the evidence and 
pleadings then, perhaps, go further and try the whole case. 

ESSEX COUNTY HOSPITAL FOR THE INSANE. 

ESSEX County is widely known for the high standard 
of its charitable and penal institutions. The Hospital 
for the Insane is recognized as the model county insti- 




IKEEHOLDER JOHN J. HAXI.V. 



tution of its class in the United States. The motive for its 
establishment was occasioned by the overcrowed condition of 
the only State asylum at Trenton, where in 1871, Esse.\ main- 
tained I lo patients. The Committee on Lunacy of the Board of 
Freeholders, then composed of D. J. Canfield, Wm. M. Freeman, 
Wm. Gorman, M. Smith and Wni. Cadmus, after vain efforts 
to secure entrance for Esse.x patients in asylums of adjoining 
States, reported in 1872, the necessity of establishing an as)lum 
for the insane in the county. On the prompt action of the 
Board, the Camden Street site was secured, and §15,600 was 
expended in buildings which were enlarged as the occasion 
required. The Camden Street site was ready for occupancy in 
August, 1872, and received as a transfer from the State Asylum 
fifteen patients, and nineteen from the Newrak Almshouse, who 
had been temporarily cared for. Major John Leonard was ap- 
pointed Warden and Dr. J. A. Cross, visiting physician. 

In 1873 the Committee on Lunacy, composed of D. J. Canfield, 
Dr. D. S. Smith, T. H. Smith, D. M. Skinner and Edgar Farmer, 
(the director) reported the necessity 
of procuring a permanent site for thr 
asylum. Finally, the South Orange 
Avenue site was selected, and in 1883 
after public sentiment had gradually 
grown in favor of it, the new asylum 
was partially completed and ready foi 
occupancy in 1884. The Camden 
Street building became much over- 
crowded, and over 300 patients were 
removed to the new buildings Nov. 9. 
1894. 

The Grand Jury, of which Leslie I>. 
Ward was foreman, made a present- 
ment during that year, advising better 
direct medical care of the county in- 
sane. At the September meeting of 
the Board, James E. Howell intro- 
duced a resolution changing the system 
of direct management, from that of 
warden to that of a competent medical 
officer as Superintendent, similar to the freeholder c. w. heilman. 




12 ■^ 



ESSEX COrXTY, X. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



n)ann};ciiicnl o( St.ilc insli- 
I u t io II •n tliriiiit;luHil this 
iduntiy. Al ihf Nciv. nu-tl- 
ing Ut. I.iviiigslon S. Hinck- 
ley was elected lo the office 
ofS !t-nlanilentcrc(l 

on Nov. 19. 1S84. 

He ii.ia continued in his 
present posiliomluringlwclvi- 
years of ser%ice. though the 
political complexion of the 
Hoard has changed twice 
during that period. IJr. 
Ilinckliv's devotion to his 
work h.is won for him the 
contidence of t h e public 
throughout the county, and 
his fame as an expert in in- 
sanity has spread far an'l 
wide. 

Since he has been in charge, the construction of the building 
has been completed on the original plans, and consists of com- 
pact buildings three and four stories in height, containing seven- 
teen \var<ls. Eighteen hundred patients have been under obser- 
vation; the average percentage of recoveries have been 25 per 
100 admitted, anil the death rate average is 5 per cent, of the 
whole number treated. This record speaks volumes for the 
effective care given by this energetic and progressive physician. 
He is now in the prime of life, was born in Albany, 1855. is 
.1 direct descendant on one side from Sir Thos. Hinckley, one of 
the Governors of I'lymouth. .Mass., and Gen. Warren of Himker 
Hill, and on the other from Gen. Schuyler who aided the 
colonics by ilefeating Burgoyne at Saratoga. Space will not 
allow of expansion of the many improvements that have been 
made in the care of our insane. Many have been obtained only 
after years of toil and convincing argument. One feature that 
has given this institution distinction, is the method adopted by 
Dr. Hinckley of educating attendants to become trained nurses, 
rilte<l not only for insane cases but efficient in any medical or 
suri;ii-.il rwrfji :., x^ His srhool hpgiin in 1886, was the fourth 

_ established in 

I .isyhims of the 
I '. S., and re- 
'■ntly gradu- 
itrd ten train- 
■d nurses in 
ii-> ninth class. 
Ibis school 
IS an alunuii 
I 81 gradu- 
■s, one third 
I whom are 
' I e n . Many 
•ire practicing 
successful ly 
I heir profes- 
sion in private. 
Old llie hospi- 
tal is constant- 
ly e(|uipped 
with .1 large 
orps of train- 
' '1 nurses. 

In 1893, he 
made a strong 




ESSEX COUNTY HOSPITAL I'OR THF. INSANK. 







plea for change in the title of the institution from asylum to hos- 
pital, the Board finally adopting this innovation in 1894. This 
hospital is much overcrowded and it has been deemed inadvis- 
able lo add any more to the present vast structure. Thos. 
McGowan, the director of the Board, who has for.seen the 
pre,sent exigencies, wisely secured and purchased 185 acres of 
land in Verona township, where a branch hospital is now under 
construction under original advisory plans made by Dr. Hinck- 
ley and in which he is most deeply interested. 

Mr. McGowan, of Bloomfield. the present director of the Board, 
is the senior continuous member who has given his attention 
to the interests of Essex County unremittingly for the past 
twenty years, and to whom its citizens owe a large debt of 
gratitude for the discretion and purity of purpose that has 
actuated his motives. 



T 



in is'.s 10:. ■. iii.vi Kit.v, M. 1. 



THE COURTS OF ESSEX COUNTY. 
HE following interesting and instructive epitome of the 
original history of the court of Essex County, of its 
judiciary and of the men who have adorned its bench, and whose 
names are respected, and whose opinions are honored all over 
the world, 
was collat- 
ed for the 
N e w ark 
/>(i//y Ad- 
vc r t i ser, 
and ap- 
peared in 
that paper 
in its edi- 
tion of Dec. 
13. 1894: 

" There 
were abso- 
lutely n o 
courts in 
New Jersey 
under the 
o rigi n a 1 
rulers, nor 
until 1675. 
when t h e 
( i e n e r a 1 
Assembly EX-FREr.noi.Di.K tatkick hiitcjn. 




ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



125 




EX-FREEIIOI,DER SOLOMON DE JONGE. 



proceeded to act under the 
powers conferred upon it by 
Lord John Berkeley and Sir Philip 
Carteret in the first Constitution 
of New Jersey, to ' constitute 
all courts, together with the 
limits, powers and jurisdictions 
of the same.' 

"On November 13, 1675, the 
General Assembly enacted 'that 
there be two of the aforesaid 
courts Uept in the year in each 
respective county.' In the act, 
Newark and Elizabethtown were 
constituted a county, but the 
county was not named. The 
original boundaries of the county 
were fixed, and the name of 
Essex determined in 1682. The 
fees, the terms of court, the 
officers and the judges were all 
provided for with the greatest 
detail and nicety. 

" Another act, passed at the 




M J. KE.\KNS. COUNSELOR-.\T-I.AW. 



same time, provided for a ' Court of .\ssize to be held in this 
province' annually in the town of Woodbridge, the fees 
being twice the fees of the County Courts. This was the 
original Supreme Court. It was provided that no appeal was to 
be taken from a decision of a County Court in any case in which 
the amount involved was under twenty pounds. When the 
Lord Proprietor's rights were sold to the twenty-four Proprie- 
tors in 1682. one of the articles in their ' Fundamental Con- 
stitution ' was that all persons were to plead in any court, either 
for themselves or for their friends, but that no person was 
allowed to take any money for pleading or for legal advice. 
This was because of an act of 1676, which forbade Justices of 
the Peace to plead in court, except in cases in which they 
were either the complainants or defendants. 

"The first real law for regulating the practice of law was 
passed about 1689, and was entitled 'An .Act for Regulating 
Attorneys in this Province.' It laid a fine of twenty pounds 
upon Justices of the Peace, Sheriffs, Clerks of the Courts and 
others who should ]>ractice law m the courts, except in their 



own personal behalf. It was proposed, in 1698, that a law should 
be passed, limiting the practice of the law for ' fee or hire ' to 
such as should be ' admitted to practice by license by the 
Governor.' This law was not enacted because Jeremiah Basse, 
who was acting as Governor, who had been ordered by the 
Proprietors to have the law passed, was not legally the Gover- 
nor and was very unpopular. 

" In 1702 the government of the Province was turned over 
to the Crown by the Proprietors, and Lord Cornbury, in 1704, 
ordained the establishment of the ' Courts of Judicature.' in an in- 
strument which forms the foundation of the entire judicial system 
of the present State of New Jersey. It defined the powers and 
duties of the courts, and laid down certain rules of procedure. 

" In Lord Cornbury 's ordinance it was provided that the 
judges could make rules for practicing in the courts in the same 
way and to the same extent as was done by the judges of the 
Courts of Queen's Bench, Common Pleas and Exchecjuer, 
in England. From that day to this the licensing of lawyers has 
been regulated, not by statute, but by the rules of the Supreme 




EX-SHERIFF EUWIN W . lilNE. 



Court, with the sole excep- 
tion of the ' Five Counsel- 
or's act ' which was repealed 
this year (1894). 

" The first systematic re- 
sistance to the oppressive 
acts of George III was made 
by the members of the New 
Jersey Bar. At the Septem- 
ber term of the Supreme 
Court held at Amboy in 1765, 
the lawyers met and resolved 
unanimously that they would 
not use the stamps under any 
circumstances whatever- 
When the stamps arrived 
the lawyers would not buy 
them and all over New Jersey 
the courts were closed, and 
remained closed until the 
Stamp act was repealed. 

" The strength 'that this 




EX-SHERIFF lACOB HAUSLING. 



iL'i: 



S C5: 



f 




F.X-AS^KMBI.YMAN WIl.l.lAM W. HAWKINS. 



1S46. He WMS liorn in I'ellevillf in 1777, studied law with David 
n. ();;tlcn, was admitted as an attorney in 1S03, and as a coinisellor 
in 1S06. He was originally a Federalist, and followed that party 
down through its changes of name, and died a Republican. 
He was one of the best Chief Justices New Jersey ever had. 

••Jose|)h P. Bradley, who was appointed lo the United States 
Supreme Court by President Grant, in 1870, was born in Albany, 
in 181 3. He was graduated from Rutgers ui the class of 1836, 
and came to Newark, and was admitted to the bar in 1839. 
He was known to the world as one of the best judges who ever 
sat on the bench. Learned in the law, impartial in his judg- 
ment, and urbane in his tnanncr. his memory will last long in 
this country. 

" Newark has given to the St.ite five Chancellors, the first 
being William S. Pennington, who was elected Governor and 
Chancellor in 1S13 and 1814. He was the great-grandson of 
Kphraim Pennington, one of the original settlers of Newark. 
He was .Associate Judge of the Supreme Court in 1805, Supreme 



L\S\S7-A' COrXTV. X. ./., ILLVSTKATED. 



action gave them, by bringing them 
closer together, resulted in an 
organized plundering of the public 
by the lawyers, and this continued 
until the people arose in their 
wrath and attempted to extermi- 
nate the lawyers by violence. The 
riots in Essex Coimty. in which the 
people attempted to keep the 
lawyers from entering the Court 
House, were put down by the 
Sheriff and his assist.mls: this was 
in 1769. and Governor Franklin. 
Benjamin Franklin's illegitimate 
son. complimented Essex County 
on being much more orderly than 
was Monmouth, where the riots 
attained greater import.ince. 

"The Essex bar has furnished 
a long list of men who have been 
honored by the public. First in 
the list, perhaps, should come Joseph 
C. Hornblower. who was Chief 
Justice of New Jersey from 1832 to 




KKKEIllil.DK.K WIl.l.lAM 1- . IIAMll.rON. 




Corporation Counsel 
1856. He held this |)os- 
ition until 1864. when he 
was elected Mayor, which 
ollice he filled until 1866. 
lie was appointed Chan- 
cellor in 1873. and was 
reappointed in 18S0, going 
out of ollice in 18S7. 
Last year (1893) he was 
appointed Ambassador to 
t'lermany. Mr. Runyon 
was made LL. I), by Wes- 
leyan College in 1867. by 
Kulgers in 1875 and by 
Vale in 1882." 



Court Reporter from then to 1813. and after his two terms as 
Governor, was Judge of the L'nited States Disirict Court until 
his death in 1826. 

" William Pennington, the son of the last mentioned, w.is 
born in New;iik, May 4. 1796. studied in Theodore Frelinghuy- 
sen's law office, was admitted as an attorney in 1817, and as a 
counsellor in 1820. He w\is Chancellor and Governor from 
1837 to 1843, and was one of the greatest Chancellors who 
ever held the position. He was Speaker of the House of Rep- 
resentatives in iS6oand 1861. 

"Oliver S. Ilalstead. born in 1792, was the first Chancellor 
appointed after the adoption of the Constitution of 1844. He 
held the iiosition until 1852. Benjamin Williamson was 
appointed Chancellor in 1852, and held the position for seven 
years. 

"Theodore Runyon, born in 1822, was graduated from Yale 
College in 1842, was admitted as an attorney in 1846, and 
counsellor in 1849. He was made City Attorney in 1S53. and 
in 



iui)(;k. ij. a. iii:i'Uk. 

D.iviil Ayres Depuc. 
LL. I). Justice of the 
Supreme Court, .ind one 
of the noted men of the 
Slate of New Jersey, is of 




ASSEMBLYMAN CIIAKLES II. Dl'NCAN. 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



127 




A};N'Ek KAI. 1^(11 



)UN^P:!j )K-A I -I.AU". 



Huguenot descent, and with the 
Van Campens, his family were the 
earliest settlers of the Minisink 
Flats. These two families emi- 
grated about the same time from 
Esopus, now Kingston, in the 
county of Ulster, New York, and 
settled on the Pennsylvania and 
New Jersey sides of the Delaware 
River, above the Water Gap. The 
Wan Campens (originally spelled 
\'an Der Kempen) were emigrants 
from Holland. 

Benjamin Depue. t h e great- 
grandfather of David A. Depue, 
was born February 22, 1729. He 
married Catharine, daughter of 
Colonel Abraham Van Campen, 
Judge of the Court of Common 
I'leas of Sussex Countv. N. J,, in 
1 761, reappointed in 1776 and 
again in 1796. At the age of 26, 
Colonel \'an Campen served as a 
colonel in the Colonial Army, raised 




EX-ASSKMBI,VMAN JAMES MARLAIT. 



to protect the country against the Indians in the War of 1755. 
Soon after his marriage, Benjamin Depue settled in Northamp- 
ton County, Pa., in Lower Mount Bethel, on the Delaware. 
Here his son Abraham Depue was born September 28, 1765. 
Abraham married Susan, daughter of Michael Hoffman, and 
their son Benjamin Depue was born September i, 1796. Ox\ 
May 10, 1821, Benjamin married Elizabeth, daughter of Moses 
Ayres, and subsequently removed to Upper Mount Bethel, in 
the same countv, where David A. Depue was born, October 27, 
1826. At a suitable age David A. Depue was placed in the 
school of the Rev. Dr. John Vanderveer, in Easton, Pa., where 
he received his preliminary education. He entered Princeton 
College in 1843, and. was graduated in 1846. 

Immediately after graduation, he began the study of law in 
the office of John M. Sherred, Esq., of Belvidere, N. J., whither 
his family had moved in 1840. Here he began the practice of 
his profession, and continued in it until 1866. .At this time he 




HENRY T. MILLER, PATE.N'T ATTORNEY. 



of New Jersey, he is a member, 
are characterized by learning and 
laborious research, as well as 
by the clear and concise state- 
ment of legal principles. Of 
these qualities and of his opinions, 
as published in the reports, the 
frequent citations of them in the 
Federal Courts and the courts of 
sister States, and in treatises on 
the law, afford ample evidence. 

In 1874 he was appointed, with 
Chief Justice Beasley and Cortlandt 
Parker, to revise the laws of New 
Jersey, a work which was com- 
pleted to the great satisfaction of 
the bench and bar throughout tin 
State. 

In 1874 Judge Depue received 
the degree of LL. D. from Rutgers 
College, New Brunswick, and in 
1880, the same degree was con- 
ferred upon him by Princeton Col- 
lege, New Jersey. 



had attained so high a rank in his profession that the attention 
of Governor Marcus L. Ward was attracted to him. when it 
became necessary to ap|)oint an Associate Justice of the 
Supreme Court in the place of Judge Daniel Haines, whose 
term of office expired in that year. The result was the appoint- 
ment of Mr Depue on November 15, 1866, the circuit assigned 
to him being the counties of Essex and Union. His removal to 
Newark soon followed. 

On the expiration of his term in 1S73. he was reappointed by 
Governor Joel Parker, was again reappointed in 18S0 by Gover- 
nor George B. McClellan, again in 1887 by Governor Robert S. 
Green, and still again by Governor George T. Werts. His 
present term expires November 15, J901. 

The circuit held by Judge Depue is the most important and 
laborious in the State, embracing the city of Newark and the 
county of Essex. His opinions in the Supreme Court and 
Court of Errors and Appeals, of which, by the judicial system 




E.X-ASSEMBLVMAN JOSEPH P. CLARK. 



;-^s^ 




JOHN II. KKIIMOM), r[t\ IIDMK TKISTKK. 



Soutli Oraiitjc. Central. I'ark, liloomtR-U 
were construclctl. Newark lontaininjj the greater part of the 
populatiun and taxable property of the county, was the centre 
from which these roads radiated lo all parts of the county. 
Macadam road building was then, comparatively, a new art in 
this counir)'. The pleasure and comfort for driving purposes, 
eciinomy in transportation, and advantages to real estate values 
derived from these roads, proved to the people of Essex County 
the truth of Lord li.acon's maxim, that. " There be three things 
which make a nation great and prosperous, fertile fields, busy 
workshops and easy means of trai\S|>orlation for men and goods." 
These roads were built by the Kssex Public Koad Board, and 
were maintained by it in splemli<l condition for many years 
under the leadership of .Mr. James Heck, County Engineer 
Owens and others. In i8y4 the Koad Board was abolished by 
the Legislature, and its duties thereafter devolved upon a com- 
mittee of the Board of Kreeholders. In December, 1894, 
Director 'Thom.is McCiOwan appointed as this committee, Josepli 



7:.^<;e.y cnrxrv. x. j., illustrated. 

D COMMITTEE. 



F\.\\ j,<...ii.c care to trace great 
rivers back to their sources in 
ountain springs, or great ideas which 
ive had far-reaching intluencc to the 
inds which cor.ceived them. 
More than a tliird of a century lias 
issed since Llewellyn Haskell pro- 
ised, for the welfare and happiness 
I the people of the County of Kssex, 
great county park made accessible 
. the [leople of all parts of the county, 
V a system of improved and well 
L-pl county roads. 
,\lr. Haskell did not live to see the 
recent progress in developing his 
' ounty ])ark idea, but he did have the 
pleasure of seeing a complete sy.stem 
..f comity roads, which became a 
source of pride to the people of Kssex. 
;ind an educator lo those of other 
parts of the Stale. 

Between 1870 and 1S75, seven great 
avenues, Frelingluiysen. Springfield, 
nd Washington 




iiKNKV mi;kz. crrv iiomk tkistek. 



B. Bray, J. Wesley \'an Geison. T. Madison Condit, Wallace 
Ougheltree and Fillmore Condit. Mr. Bray served with crcihi 
in the Union army tluring the war. subsequently residing m 
Orange, where he has been engaged in business. Mr. \'.ui 
Geison has been a lifelong resident of Montclair, where he h.i^ 
been highly esteemed and inlluential in public affairs. 1. 
M.idison Condit represents the Roseville district in the Boail 
of I'reeholdeis, and is connected with the 13. L. & W. K. K . 
Mr. (3ugheltree, previous to 1879. was engagetl in business 1 
Newark, but subsequently became a resident of East Orange. 

Besides the responsibility for maintaining the original aveniir 
in proper condition, the collection and settlement of a laiL 
amount of outstanding assessments, the improvement of oiIim 
roads under the provisions of the State Road Act, and of di .1 
ing with important (luestions relating to electric street railw 1;. 
construction upon the county roads, fell upon this commiiut . 
'That these important trusts, under the leadership of Chairiii.in 
Bray, have been executed with intelligent fidelity to the public 




•' K J'. UN MKIlCkAfT. 



interests, justifying the judgement 
of Director McGowan in his selec- 
tion of the committee, and reflect- 
ing credit upon the Board of Free- 
holders, is generally believed, 

Filmore Condit represents the 
Verona district in the Board of 
Chosen Freeholders, and he is one 
of the most active members on the 
Committee on Koads and Assess- 
ments, lie is well known to the 
people of Kssex County, and con- 
ducts a manufacturing plant in 
the hardware line in the city of 
Newark. In the projection and 
improvement of the roads and 
avenues of the county, the Road 
Board has been a prominent factor, 
its membership having included 
some of the most unselfish and 
enterprising citizens, whose wisdom 
h.as contributed much lo the ad- 
vancement of the community. 




" 



FKEKHOLUBK JOSEPH 1). BKAV. 



SSSEX COUNTY, N. J., iLWSTRATEt). 



120 



PROSECUTOR'S OFFICE. 

AT the end of the hall, acting 
(if such a word may be 
applied to the two small but 
cozy little offices) as guardians 
to the larger and more imposiny 
room set apart for the uses and 
purposes of the grand jury, 
which holds witliin tin ee stated 
sessions during the year, is 
where the Prosecutor of the 
Pleas transacts his office busi- 
ness. For the past ten years. 
Elvin W. Crane, Esq.. a lawyer 
of fine attainments, has occupied 
the position. To say that the 
criminal class have a wholesome 
dread of his power before jur'ge 
and jury, to arraign and cnn\ ict, 
is only to record the truth as 
lliev often rehearse it. and keep 
as clear of their nefarious busi- 
ness of law-breaking as it is 
possible in the deep (U-|)ravity of 

their natures to do. Not a small part of that decrease in the 
niunlier of cases with which the criminal courts have to deal, 
it is safe to say, is largely due from the fear of conviction and 
jjunishment. which is almost certain to follow when the offenders 
get into the hands of I-'rosecutor Crane or his learned assistant 
Louis Hood, who has proved an apt scholar in the convicting 
ways of Elvin W. Crane. Although Mr. Crane and his assistant, 
often lind pitted against them, in the trial of important cases, 
some of the most noted talent of the bar of the State of New 
Jersey and the County of Esse.x, they seldom fail to score a 
success, the criminal receiving his just deserts. 

l<:ivin W. Crane was born in Brooklyn, on October 20, 1853. 
lie received a public school education, and when 16 years old 
entered the office of Bradley & Abeel as a student-at-law. He 
was admitted as attorney in February, 1875, and as a counselor 
in February, 1882. When Colonel Abeel received his second 
appointment as Prosecutor, in 1877, Mr. Crane became his 
assistant, and acted in that capacity throughout the terms of 

age of 9 years 




VIF.W ON JERSEY .STREKf. 

Colonel .Abeel and his successor, Oscar Keene. On the expira- 
tion of the term of the latter, in 1888. Governor Green appointed 
Mr. Crane l^rosecutor of the Pleas of Esse.x County, and Gover- 
nor Werts re-appointed him in 1893. Mr. Crane makes an 
able Prosecutor, and has won the admiration of the entire 
.State by his skilful manner of conducting ilifiicult cases. 

For many years Mr. Cr.me has been a meml)er of the 
Jeffersonian Club, and taken an active pari in tlie m magement 
of this Democratic institution filling nearly all the more im- 
portant offices, with credit to himself and with honor lo the 
club, and is at this time (1S97) its president. Mr. Crane was 
for several years a member of the Board of 'I'rustees of the 
Newark City Home, at \'erona. 



L' 




riLMORE CO.MJIT, FKEKHOLDER. 



America, and three 
he came to Newark, where he be- 
gan his school-life under the tute- 
lage of ex-Mayor Haynes. After 
passing through the High .School 
he became a student at Yale and 
C'olumbia Colleges, and taking a 
course of law in those two in- 
stitutions, he was admitted to the 
b.ir in 18S0. He received the Civil 
Law degree in 1S82, and continued 
his studies in the office of Smith & 
Martin, New York, and with John 
K. Emery, of Newark, and was 
.idiiiitted an attorney in 1SS2. 

Wheu the Democatic party came 
into power in 18S4, Mr. Hood Was 
made a Police Justice, and held 
that position while the Democratic 
party remained in control. During 
this period, and after his retirement, 
he was associated with Judge 



LOUIS HOOD. 
OUIS HOOD is the Assistant Prosecuting Attorney of 
Essex County. He was born at Kadwonke, in Ponsen, a 
province of the German Empire, on I*"ebruary 13. 1S57. At the 
he arrived in 

years later , 



f 



^i**^ 
^f^ 




UK. D. .M. DILL. 1-KEEUOLUKK. 



7.V" 



ESSEX cnrxTV, x. J., ilustrated. 



I.hiIIkw McC.irUT .is p.irtm-r- 
III iS.SS Mr. Iloiid u.iN .i;>- 
|)i>inli-<l .\ssist.i!il riosiiiiinr liy 
Kl\ in W. Ci.iiii , .inil is 1181171 
-lill s<Tviii;^ in llii'. ua|i.icit\. 

]\l- liMllllll'I< <1 lIll- |)rO<i . 11; h '^^ 

.111(1 •.o'lirt-il llir cuini 
Kiihcrt Alilrn Kales. iIil- \.'i 
niuriltrcr. uliost- ims>* tvcil 
iifcM Imcrrst thriHi:..;liiiiil llu- 
coiiiiirv. 

U liilf .ircl. 
Hull .Tiici puiH- .iM' 111 ••. :iic 
-uillv. Mr. II. 
I'f .'..iviii;,' the 
i|nl|litlL-.S l))is 



Hid is clfsiroiis 

iimmtnt ; and 

ilu-Dry of )>ul)lu' 



iluty is approved l>y llie coin- 
iniini(y. 

.Mr. Hood is prattically re- 
^punsillle for M-ttlinfj an imporl- 
ant quislion of tlcclric-raihoad 
l.iw. havini;, in associalion uilli 
Samuel KalisL'h, secured a de- 
• isinn of the .Supreme Couri con- 

lirmin^' a veidicl of $15,000 for Fannie Blocli. wlio lost a hand 
and leg by an eletlric car. .Mr. Hood is a bachelor and a inem- 
liir of ihe Democratic Society .ind of the I'roj^ress Club. 

TIMOTHY E. SCALES. 

Wll would not consider that equal and exact ju.stice to this 
part of the Court House was done did we fail to mention 
the fact, that the ('.r.ind Jury has a permanent clerk in the person 
of 'riinolliy K. Scales, who succeeded to the place on the retire- 
ment of Waller J. Kniyhl. Of few men or oflicials can the 
old sonj; be sung with a greater degree of appropriateness, noi 
with greater propriety, for he is indeed a "jolly good fellow ," 
but aside from being all this, he brings to the conduct of the 
affairs of his olVice, all those (|u.ilities which, when applied as he 
.ipplies them, call for the r.ircsl sort of coinmeiulation. 

Timothy K. Scales w.is born in Newark, Noxember I, 1S69. 
He went to the public schools, and when he left the High 
School he weni into the oljlce of l-iederiik .\dams to pursue his 
stuilies 111 the l.iw. This was .\pril 15. 1874, ,iiul by the time 

relief to the s 




\1I.W ON MAKKI-.l sii.;i:i I. 

he had attained his inajority he was so well etpiipiied with leg.il 
lore, that he was admitted to practice as an attorney on the 
twenty-llrst anniversary of his birth. He remained an associate 
of Mr. Adams until 1893, but has been connected with the 
Prosecutor's otiice for the last six years, acting as clerk to the 
Grand Jury and to the Prosecutor, being appointed by the court. 
Mr. Scales was elected to the I?oard of Education from the 
Kleventh Ward, and was a school commissioner for four years ; 
from 18S3 to 1 888. He was a charter member of the Jeffcr- 




sonian Club, and has been a member of the Democratic Execu- 
ive Committee of his w'ard for thirteen years. 

DANIEL M. DILL, M. D. 

Till! subject of this sketch, who for more than twenty years 
has been engaged in the successful practice of his pro- 
fession ill that part of the city known as the Eleventh Ward, 
has tiy many kindly acts, proved himself worthy of a tribute 
in the pages of this souvenir. Few physicians who have had 
no more years in which to do the works of humanity, to exteml 
ick and suffering, 

h.ive more to their credit than Dr. 

Dill. W'hile responding to his 

every call in the practice of his pro- 
fession, he never forgets that to be 

philanthropic, pays. While busy as 

most men, <luring all the hours of 

the tweniy-four during which labor 

ought to be performed, he always 

lemembers that he is a citi/en, and 

h.is ever stood ready to respond to 

the people's call. The Doctor is 

modest, un.issuming and unaggres- 
sive, and has never let his right 

hand know what his left hand 

doetli. ( )n several occasions he 

h.is been called to act the citizen's 

p.irl ill iiieeling political duty calls. 

< In sever.il occasions he has tilled 

ollices of trust and honor in his 

ward. .111(1 so creililably and un- 
selfishly has he acquitted himself. 

as 10 hnve been called to .1 sent In 

KX 1 KKBHol.DliK K. K. COURsliN. 




ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILL I 'S TR. 1 TED. 



131 



the rouiily lei^islatiirc. coiiiiiujnly termed the Boai'cl of Cliosen 
Freeholders, where he has demonstrated a watchful care over 
all the county's interests in general, and his immediate consti- 
tuancy in particular. 

GEORGE WILHELM. 
.1 \\ /HEX the wide open arms of this land of liberty and 
II V V freedom received and welcomed to her embrace the 
person of Ex-Freeholder George Willielm, she made no mistake. 
This son of the dear old C'erman fatherland, long after he 
heard the calls of freedom coming down the lines of time, and 
when he could no longer feel but resistance was vain, he bade 
idieu to the scenes of his young life, came to .-Vmerica, and 
cast in his lot with those who had come before. That the 
hopes of Ex-Freeholder Wilhelm have been realized none will 
deny. His business life has been one of success, and that he 
has proved a valued citizen, we have abundant evidence of the 
same, in the respect in w'hich he is held by his promotion to a 
seat in the countv le'.:islaturr. 



responsible position in the gre.it indusln.il establishment of the 
liallantines. he has on several occasions been called to the 
enactment of the roll of good citizenship, by being elected to 
the aldermanship of his ward and as the representative of his 
district m the State legislature. He has always taken a lively 
interest in all public affairs, antl ready to lend his aid in pro- 
moting the people's welfare. 

R. R. COURSEN. 

AMONG the freeholders of the past, few indeed of the 
number have been more thoroughly devoted to the duties 
of the office in general, and have shown a clearer right to be 
the watchman on the tower, than Mr. R. R. Coursen, whose 
photo appears on page 130. A thorough mechanic himself, a 
mason and builder by occupation, he went into the board fully 
armed for the protection, not only of the interests of liis con- 
stituents, but fully prepared l)y his ability and experience, to 
promote, ])rotect and defend the general good. .Space forbids 
Us to sav more than that in his business as mason and builder 




Gl^lOtiP Of WtLL-KNOWN CITIZENS OF E.SSEX COUNTV. 



HON. W. W. HAWKINS. 

ON'I'^ of the old leliable citizens of the city of Newark, and 
county of Essex, is found in Hon. W. W. Hawkins, who 
has his dwelling in the same house (then the ferry) in which 
the great Washington stood while his defeated army was 
crossing the river by way of the ferry, during their retreat from 
the battle of I-ong Island, into and across New Jersey. The 
house having been removed from its old place, now stands at 
4S7 Ferry Street, and near it stands a tree which was severed 
in twain by a cannon sliot fired by the pursuing, victorious 
British army. Mr. Hawkins has occupied the premises for 
manv vears, and takes not a little pride in rehearsing the 
historical facts surrounding, and of which his pleasant home is 
the centre. Although Mr. Hawkins has held a prominent and 



he was a success. Among the many exhibits of his skill 
scattered over tlie county, we will only call the readers attention 
to the new building of the East Orange National Bank, a model 
structure, the beautiful architecture and artistic finish of which, 
ought to satisfy all that our tribute has not been misplaced. 

JOHN J. HANLEY. 

MEN are differeiith endowed, one having a faculty where 
devotion will bring forth out of a purity of gifts, rich 
results, which are not alone pleasing to his neighbors, but 
gratifying to himself; then comes another, who with equal 
or even superior endowments and rarer opportunities, fails iu 
the application ; again, there are those to whom nature has been 
chary of her gifts. These latter we often see go forth ready to 



i:!L' 



I-SSL'X cor STY, X. J., ILLrSTRATBD. 



do anil (l.iii- ut ;i|>|i.irii\l clfnrt ic.n li the 

from ai\(l 1)11.11111 1. i.itr> nf iiieii, « hilc many ■■' 
those with (ar rartr i^ifls rmlinM-il. fullou thiit |. 
.11 ii'Is. 'I'o ihr l.illir iif llusi 

,;! Mcr John J. II in|i-y belong. 

It IS nut lor the writer to ili-line the liuw. but this 
he know, ami is willinL; to tell it. that I'.ssex 
County, has had few nun, as chairman of the Jail 
(."otiimiltee of thi- Hoard of I'reeholders, in the past, 
wlio ha\e shown thems.-hes better able to ailmin- 
isler the iDiintN 's affairs and husband her resources- 

THE POST OFFICE. 

SI.NCK the pull down of the old buildinj; severa] 
years aj,'o. the Newark I'ost Ollice lias h.id its 
liousiii),' in the old First li.iptisl Church buildini;, 
which stood Conveniently ne.ir and just in the rear. 
Kroiii Its doors and windows have the three 
hunilred iiioie or less post office oflicers and clerks, 
watched the slow •jrowth of the new post olTice 
Iniildiii^ which, though yet not quite finished, has 
re.iched such a stage as lent hope to the postmaster 
.ind his busy army. .Mthoujjh the new building 
will present .i cap.ncity far short of the .•^rowing 
ri • \ eral uses for which it w,is 

di I he home of the post oflice. 

it will be a -jreat improvement on the old and 
the present cpiarters. There are indeed few hand- 
somer or more beautifully constructed buildings to 
be ' ' . ■.vhere. 

■ 1 the new (pi.-irters in the new biiild- 
inj;. wiiKJi .ire c.ip.icious and altogether comfortable 
enough to please the most ex.icting, have moved 
the ofl'ices of the Internal Revenue Collector and 
that of the Collector of Customs. The llrst is 
occupied by William I). Rutan, collector and his 
assist. lilts, of the fifth Internal Revenue Collection 
Distriil of New Jersey, made up of the counties of 
Ksse.\, I'nion, Hudson. I'assair, Middle.sex, M<irris. 
Mergen. Sussex, Soniersel, Warren and Hunterdon. This 
iillice has an auxiliary at Jersey City, and has stamp selling 
ileputiisal I'aterson. Millstone .ind Ilelmetta. .Mr. Rutan has 




POST OFFICE .^ND CU.sfOM HOUSK. 

ten assistants to aid him in conducting the business of this 
important and highly responsible oflice, the roster being made 
up as follows, viz.: William D. Rutan, Collector ; S. \'. S 




llruen. Chief Clerk ; E. Allen Smith, 
Cashier; James P. McKeniia, John 
I'. Kannar, I'eter Young and .Mav 
Sheehan. Deputy Collectors; Sarah 
]■'.. ISuttertield and Newton II. 
I'orter, Collector's Clerks; Joseph 
I".. Cavanaugh Derisien and Enos 
Runyon, Deputy Collectors. The 
second with Henry W. ICgner, 
'ollector of Customs for this port 

I entry. TheCollector's full roster 
made up as follows, vi/.: Hcnrv 

\'. llgiier. Collector; Samuel H 
i'.rowne, leputy Colleitor and In- 

oector; Willi,iiii .Martin , ind Fred- 
ick llarr. Deputy Collectors and 
Llerks; I) ivi<l K. Leonard Stoie- 
l-.eeper. 

JOSEPH E HAYNES. 

SI I. DOM, if ever, since the days 
when the post office at New- 
ark ^began its career of greatness 
in]'order to keep step with the 




Assi. fusl M.ASI I'.K i.EuKi.l, ll. IIAtNKS. 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



133 



gigantic strides the city was 
making toward tlie grand posi- 
tions she holds to-day among the 
cities of the western w'orld, 
has she been blessed with a 
more competent, painstaking_ 
thoroughly safe and always af- 
fable postmaster, than he who 
handles the helm to-day, Hon. 
Joseph E. Haynes. Postmaster 
Haynes came into the office as 
successor to William D. Rutan. 
who was called to the oflice of 
the Internal Revenue Collector- 
ship but a few months after he 
had taken the oath of oflice. 
So far. Postmaster Haynes has 
left the roster of the oflice just 
as he found it. witli the single 
exception of his first assistant, 
having been satisfied to let well 
enough alone where everything 
was running smoothly, wailing 
till his argus eye should cover a 

recreant to a confided trust before making a change. His com- 
mission for the term commencing June, 1896, signed by Gro\er 
Cleveland. Newark being, as a matter of course, a presidential 
oflice. 

The new postmaster was not unknown to the people before 
he was called to the responsible place of postmaster, since he 
had occupied the chair of the Mayorality of Newark for five 
successive terms. Indeed, so well known and so well beloved 
was Joseph E. Haynes, and such a thoroughly upright Chief 
Executive Ofiicer, and so smoothly did city affairs run under 
his administration, that he was asked to retain the oflice for the 
unprecedented term of a decade of years. 

Postmaster Haynes began life as a teacher, and for manv 
years was principal of the Thirteenth Waril Grammar School, 
and thousands of men and women in nearlv all the walks of 




\ lEW ON THE PASS.AIC. KIN I k. 

life, w ho ha\e enjoyed the privilege of his tutorship, now seek 
o|)portunity to give expression to the lo\e and affection which 
they bear their old teacher. Although the postmaster has passed 
the meridian of life, he is still hale and hearty, and exercises in 
his new oHice the same watchful care over the nearly Ihne 
hundred subordinates connected with the post oflice, and is just 
as ready to pounce upon a negligent or misdoer now as he 
was upon the truant or laggard in the old Thirteenth Ward 
Grammar School, twenty years ago. 

GEORGE D. HAYNES. 

IT is little wonder that in selecting his First Assistant, Post- 
master Haynes should let his choice fall upon his own son, 
since he was well conversant with his high character and his 
eminent fitness for the jilace. The conduct of Geo. D. Haynes 




K. WAVNI.; i'ARKEK. U lU'RI SENTATl \ IC TO CONGHKSS, 



has been such in the management of the affairs of his responsible position.as to 
|)lease and satisfy the most exacting, .'\lways polite and being the pos- 
sessor of one of those buoyant natures, it becomes a ])leasure with anybod\- 
who in the course of business 
linds it necessary to come in 
contact with him, and few, if 
any, ever tiuit his presence with- 
out the feeling that Geo. D. 
Haynes is the right man in the 
right place. 

JAMES F. CONNELLY, 

IN far-away Osada and Hiog.i. 
Japan, Hon. James F. Con- 
nelly, one of our well-known, 
highly respected and popular 
young men, is acting the part of 
a good citizen by conducting; 
the business of the two consul- 
ates named above, through thr 
a[)pointment of the l^resident of 
the United States. To the con- 
sulate business, previous to this 
high and responsible position 
which he is filling to the entire 
satisfaction of Mr. Cleveland and 
the people with w-honi he comes james sMirn, jr., uxrrED states senator. 



-- 






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nssi:x cocxTV, .v../.. iLLrsTR.\'n-:D. 



Ill business .uiil.Kl. Mr. Con- 
\\r\\\ li.iil nil .n"((ii.iitil.incf. Al- 
llioiii;h lie went into llic arniy 
,,v ■ wlii-n In- w.is ncpt 

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,.:- .il'.Li Li'iiiiii.:; iii'im-. liu-i- 

lus, kiiuwlriliji- ai\<l l)iisiiit-.s 

lial)ii> li.iil .illiirciiiiDls for him 

which conliiuictl to Itail him 

1111 in suih a way. that success 

marked his earht-r ciTorls. and 

ere he himself was fully aware_ 

reputation sal astride the ves- \;i \ N lAlcKl r 

sel's prow where his hand bore 

down the lielm. Before he passed his 26th birlh-day, or in 

1S7S, he received the nomination for lax Commissioner of the 

City of Newark. The writer of this skelcli well rcmcmhers the 

iiccasion, having lieen President of the democratic convention, 

asssemliled in what is now Jacoli's Thealie. in \Vasl)in<;ton 

Street, which, with yie.it uiLinirnily, conferred the honor of a 

nomination, which w,is r.itilied hy a iriiimphanl election. 

In 1S85 he entered the Common Council and was made chair- 
man of the finance committee, the now popular I'niled States 
Senator James Smith, Jr.. Iieinj; a niendier. He remained in 
ihc council for four years, and when he retired in 1SK7, there- 
from, in reco^jnilion of his ability as a hnancier. the then 
Mayor, now rostin.iMer Josiph I". Ilajnes. presented his name 
III (lie Common Council for ihe high ollice of Comptroller of 
the City of Newark. ,ind though he was a staunch Democrat, 
lli^ i .IS a soldier and his aliilily as a linancier. secured 

Ins iiin. Id 1S65 Ml. Cleveland appointed him Collec- 

tor o( Cusioins of the I'urt of Newark .and then sent him 
.dirii.'iil. 




u;li i:1-1\vi;k.\ conhjress and run.'^i't.ri' .sikkkis. 



E.\-SI11'.K1F1 
intents an 





'■). 



JACOB HAUSSLING. 
if Kssex Counly. Jacob Haussling. is to 
and purposes, a man of a truly marvelous 
character. He is what might be termed a friend maker, and in 
that particular has few. if any, eipials in the county of Es.-.- 
Three years ago he was taken up by his party and triuinphair 
elected sheriff, an oflice as important in all particulars as an\ 
the county. Jacob Haussling is a Democrat of the very Staum 
est kind and politically, personally or in a business way spe.. 
ing. his friends always know just where to find him. It was 
for this reason, then, the Democratic party was in<luced in the 
last great Presidential campaign to turn to Jacob Haussling as 
their leader in the county and make him their candidate a 
second time for the responsible office of sheriff. Unfortunately 
though, not only for his party but the great body of this people, 
he was defeated. The division of the Democratic parly on the 
silver question, caused such a hegiia from the ranks of the 
parly which delighted to honor him, that his Republican 
opponent w,is elected over him by a large majority, nolwilhstanding the fact that 
several ihousanil Republicans openly voted for him as iheir favorite, not forgetting in 
ihi- short period of three years, what they had learned of his beautiful character in a 
lifetime. It can be said that Jacob Hausshn.; had proved himself as true to the 
sliriev.iliy of this his native county, as the needle to the pole. 

THE BOARD OF TRADE 

Till" Hoard of Trade of the Citv of Newark has a pl.ice in the hearts of the people, 
l-.specially is this the fact in regard to that portion of the cili/ens who ;ire en- 
gaged in the upbuilding of her industrial and 
commerci,d gre.itncss. It is within the council 
chamber of this body, made up of Newark's 
representative business men. where the cpiestions 
of interest, not alone to each man personally but 
to .ill .IS .1 1 orpor.ite body and an association. 
Newark is in the enjoyment, as a corporation, 
of many things which would never have been 
miiolrd. let .ilone the fact th.it they are already 
esl.ibiished f,ul> in full oper.ition, and results 
.ilready accruing the greatest good to the great- 
est number. The P.o.ird of Trade has been in 
existence since 1S69, having been incorporated 
March 10, of ih.it year. r.. make use of the kuwaki. i'. mcdonalh, (deckaseo). 




BssBx couxrr, n. j., illustrated. 



135 



language of tlieir own: "The object of the association is the 
promotion of trade, the giving of proper direction and impetus 
to all commercial movements, the encouragement of intercourse 
lietween business men, the improvement of facilities for trans- 
portation, the correction of abuses, the diffusion of information 
concerning the trades, manufactures and other interests of the 
city of Newark, the co-operation of this with similar societies in 
other cities and the development and promotion of the com- 
mercial and other interests." The association has been called 
upon to mourn the loss of several of its presiding officers, all of 
whom have been men of large business faculties and engage- 
ments, and have been called away at times when they couid not 
well be spared. At the time we write, the emblems of sorrow 
over the loss of President I' re are draped on the chair he 
occupied, and the tears of sorrow over the loss of President 
Samuel Atwater are, scarce yet dry ; a man beloved by all. 
The officers of the Board of Trade are as follows, viz.; Presi- 
dent, vacant ; Vice-Presidents, James A. Coe, Cyrus Peck and 
James A. Higbie; Treasuier. James E.Fleming; Secretary, 
P. T. Ouinn. 

R, WAYNE PARKER 

Co.XGRESSMAN R. Wayne I'arker. representing the New- 
ark District in the Congress of the United States, is a 
man whom the people delight to honor and one whom they 
have called from his briefs, being by profession a lawyer, and 
in the footsteps of his illustrious father, Cortland Parker, Esq.. 
who stands at the head of the bar, not oidy of the courts of 
Esse.v County but of the State as well ; a man who has grown 
great in the walks of professional and private life. R. Wa_\ ne 
Parker has steadily grown in po|)ulariiy and in the respect 
of the citizens of Essex. From time to lime he laid aside his 
Jirofessional work to represent his assembly district in the State 
Legislature, until he was selected for the high honor of being 
the successor of the author of Ben Bolt, in Congress of the 
United States. Mr. Parker is an Essex County man to the 
core and is now representing in Congress the city in which he 
was born and reared, and if more were required in proof of the 
esteem in which he is held, we have only to refer to the 
the m.ijoritv he recevied at his late re-election. 









ALLKN L H.\SSKTr, (DECEASED). 



SEIH nOVDEN MONUMENT IN WASHINGTON I'AKK. 

COL. JAMES E. FLEMING. 

WHETHER you take Col. James E. Fleming and think of 
him as the Treasurer of the Board of Trade, or as the 
head of the immense coal business which has grown up under 
his personal care, or as the organizer and commander of the 
Essex Troop of dashing cavalry, is seen the man and official to 
whom, when a trust of any character was imposed, was never 
known to lack one in its fulfilment to the letter. For several 
years Col. Fleming has handled the funds of the Board of 
Trade as its Treasurer, and from the time of his tirst election to the respon- 
sible position his re-election has been found a work of entire unanimitv. Col. 

f'leming is in the prime of 

life anil in his record as a . 

business man. as a citizen 

and as a gentleman, always 

courteous and painstaking, 

his reputation stands as high 

as the highest, unquestioned 

and imchallenged. 

ALLEN L. BASSETT. 

WHICN Colonel Allen 
L. r.assett died, New- 
Jersey lost one of her most 
gallant children and a son of 
whom every one thai knew 
him 'tw'as but to lo\e him, 
• ind few men indeed have 
died of late years whose loss 
h a s been more sincerely 
mourned than his. For 
several years Col. liSassett 
presided over the delibera- 
tions of the Board of Trade, 
and no institution ever had wii.lia.m a. ukk, (deceased j 




/.?« 



1£SSE.\ COrXTY. X. /.. ILLUSTRATED 



., iiiil MHO 

v.: 1 lion III 

ii( Tiailc had in Col. r,a<.scli. I C make use nt an 
oUI ami Irilc s.i\ inj,'. Il \vas"llii- appli- of ilu- 
(."oloiii-rs cvr." Ill his hands llic work of llu- 
.1, 'Vt-r known lo languish, ant! diir- 

]• ^\\\ of time ntvtr was so much for 

ici-oni|ilishcil. than uhilc Col. ISassi-l! 

!in. \Vc art- fain Id IhIu-vc had Col. 
i;,isscr ]iroii-rt which had for its ciilinin- 

lirsl-cl.iss hold for the 
III) conSLiiniiiati'd. aiul 
I. .; i;..!u>uial city is sprcadini; out 

i\: lions like the ribs of a j^'ieal fan. 

th.il one \\hicli should point with unerring linger 
toward the hotel springing heavenward as if by the 
loucli of magic, has not yet started in the race. 

Far be it from us to detract one iota from the 
honesty of purpose, lour.ige or dash of a single 
gcntlrman who has been honored with the leader- 
ship of the Hoard of Trade, but when we are 
witnessing the upbuilding of such marvellous archi- 
tectural works as the I'rudeiilial anil new Tost 
Ortice on Kroad Street and the beautiful brown- 
stone editices on Market Street, we cannot well 
.ivoid stirring up our recoUeclions of men like Col. Basselt. who 
e\er hail a shoulder to the wheel of progress and iii.idc their 
magnetic inlluim e fill. 

WILLIAM A. URE 

WII|;N Willi.un \. Ure died a strong tower fell, but he had 
grown to that tower by his own unassisted efforts. 
.Modest, uii.issuming and unagressive as he was, vet he grew on 
.iiul on from very moilesl beginnings until when stricken with 
thai disease which called him from his life work ere he had yet 
past the prime of life ,'ind when he stood at the head, not alone 
of a great ncwsp.iper, but also .it the head of the representative 
business institution of the great industrial city of his home, and 
the twice elected |>resident of the Newark Hoard of Trade. It 
is no fulsome eulogy we wish to write and place on record amid 
the pages of this book, but to give voice in befitting words to a 
tribute of the worth of one who was an eminentlv self-m.ule 




KESIDl NCE OF WII.LIA.M .\. UUE. 

man and justly earned all that may be said of him, by ;i short, 
bu.sy and successful career, a worthy exemplar of the great 
fact which will pass along down the line of his life-work, so 
plainly defined as to leave its impress evcryw here he moved ; 
in the language of the poet who truthfully wrote: 
Honor and lame are gained not by surprise. 
He ili.Ti would win nuisl labor for the prize. 




1 ^ lloAKD of- fK.Mil, 



of any other class than the poets that they were born to this or 
that, it can as well be said that he was a born newspa])er man, 
and that he carefully petted and abundantly nurtured his ideal, 
we have only to survey the marvellous result in the culmination 
of liis first and last great work, the Newark Siiitday Call, which 
will ever stand a monument to his life-work and be a continu;ill\ 
speaking memorial of how he wrought to fill, the weakling ihc 
paper was when it came into his hands, with that vitality which 
he felt assured would give it renewed life, and each Sundnv 

output would go among the people 

a living oracle. As week after week, 

month after month, and year after 

year, the Gf/. w-i i forth, himself 

.ind .associate James W. Schock 

could whisper to each other, "it is 

done, the \iclorv"s ours." 

As will be readily seen by the 

interest he look In the growth and 

prosperity of the city in which he 

ii\ed and the steady growth he 

made from iht- lowest to the highest 

lop round of the ladder of the 

Hoard of Trade. Mr. I're did not 

1 onriii,- I, IS work to .self. No sooner 
lie ('<(// been placed on a .solid 
.mil where he could see suc- 

' ess ahead, .i tendency to assist 

"ihirs and help on the good works 

.;oiiig on .iround him was given 

loll nigii. When Mr. Ure died 

Newark lo,i ,in upright cili/en. his 

w ife a loving husband .ind his child- 
ren .1 doiiiv f ilher 

^ col. J. u. h,i;miN'-;. IKt.Va. UUARD OF rK.\ui. 




\ 



NEWARK CITY GOVERNMENT. 




HILE the greater part of 
Essex County is. indeed 
city -but few acres of 
her soil being yet given 
over to the plough and 
the harrow, the shovel 
and the hoe vet it is 
well to mark the divis- 
ion and toucli the history in brief of 
the great industrial city of the west- 
ern world which has been built upon 
a large section of her territory, under 
the name, style and title of Newark, 
New Jersev. Not unlike many of our 
great western cities. Newark has had 
a truly phenominal growth and a pros- 
perity of her own quite unexampled. 

No city in this country, with perhaps 
the exception of New York, Chicago 
and San Francisco, with one or two 
otherof the mighty number of beautiful 
and thriving cities aruong those which 
have multiplied with startling rapidity; 
and all within the four short centuries of 
time since Columbus planted the Hags 
of Ferdinand and Isabella, the then 
king and queen of Spain, on that little 
isle of the Bahama group, made famous 
by the horde of /£■//«« which the great 
navigator found in peaceful and undis- 
turbed possession when he landed his 
jaded and half mutinous crew — when 

consideringall its re.ictions.has had such amarvellousgrowth and 
career as this Newark, city of teeming industries and the capital 

city of Essex, of 
whose beauties we 
love to bear record, 
and of the grandeur 
of which we delight 
to write. 

Hut little more 
than two hundred 
years have cycled 
by since the little 
band gathered 
round the leaders' 
charming daughter 
and bestowed upon 
ler the honor of 
christening the new 
town on the Passaic, 
Newark. 

From Connecti- 
cut, the little com- 
pany came armed 
JAMES M. SEYMOUR. MAYOR. ^^'"'^ ^ heroic de- 





NEWARK CITY HAl.L. 

votion to the religion they loved, and a sacrificial fer\ or which 
would brook no restraint when the worship of their Heavenly 
Father, and the adoration of his Son was the true religious work 
being done. As all new cities, boroughs and towns must needs 
have a government, the new city of Newark must on no account 
be, or become an exception ; nor was it. 

If ever church and state came together and at white heat, the 
government of Newark was a bright particular example of 
such a coalescing. The men and women who came were made 
of the right kind of stuff, and as the town grew the government 
stood ready harnessed to take up the pace, and fur C|uite forty 
years it was an open, easy race with the church in tlie lead and 
the Slate close up. Some of the early writers of Newark history 
set the governmeni down as "essentially religious," and left it 
at that; others said it was a combination of the " Theocracy 
of the Jews " and a " Democratic town meeting " of New Eng- 
l.uid. One fac is ever at the front in all the govermental affairs, 
and that was, that everybody turned out and took a hand in the 
|)rimary work of government forming. But there was still 
another, and that the all-potent, viz. : None but the saints were 
permitted to take part, hold office or vote. The written law 
read, " none shall be admitted freemen but such planters as are 
members of some or other of the Congregational churches." 
"nor shall any but such be chosen to the magistracy." "nor 



ms 



ESSEX corxrv. x. j., illistrated. 



shall any but Mu h iliurch mem- 
bers have any \oii' in any rlcft- 
ion." "Here." says ihc wriur, 
■• was the niosl complete union <if 
church and Stale ever estab- 
lished since the Mosaic dispens- 
ation." 

This kind of iheocrnlic j,'overn- 
ment wound up. the record 
informs us, on March i. 1677. 
when it was voted, as a town 
ait, " that all and every man 
that improves land in the " town 
of Newark.' shall make their 
appearanct- .it town meetings, 
and there, attend to any business 
as shall be proposed, as any of 
the planters do." The saints 
themselves thus becoming 
careless and negligent, allowed 
the sinners to come in and join 
the government phalanx. Just 
at this point in the career of 
Newark, then, began the work 
of those influences which operate 
with such magic pcwer in the 
upbuilding of commiinilies, viz. : 
Freedom of speech. I'reedom of 
the press and Freedom to wor- 
ship God according to the dic- 
tates of one's own conscience. 

Newark and its town-meeting methods of government con- 
linueil to march on hand in hand like lovers in the country on 
going to church, till the same, becoming a sort of by-word and 
reproach, the St.itc Legislature, on petition, granted the city the 
right to a division into wards, four in number. North, South, 
F.ast and West Wards. The only one of the number, which had 
enough of prerogative matter in its make-up to inspire that 
reverence for a name which makes it tenacious and long cling- 
ing, was the "Old North," and the "Old North" contained 
enough to make it hallowed to the memory of the oldest in- 
habitant, and you have now only to tickle his recollection with 

the straw of 
a rye to 
m a k c the 
memory jin- 
gle again, al- 
though for- 
ge t f u 1 n c s s 
was not dis- 
tant so very 
far. 

The name 
still clings to 
t h e section 
which h a s 
I he beautiful 
Washington 
I'ark for its 
I inlre a n d 
the I).. I,. & 
W. K. K's. 
Depot, and 
other public 
pi. ices, for its 
b 1 a I o n r d 





imis i. (WBSON, COMI'TNO 



NKW..\KK CITV HOSPITAL. 

marks. Among the latter we may name the popular and saf< 
financial institution, called in its honor, the North Ward Nation, il 
Bank. 

All the "Old Norths "sisters which deported themselves 
over the territory joining right angles at the crossing of Broad 
and Market Streets, died spinsters, leaving no issue, and their 
names have gone into forgetfulness, only as the oldest inhab- 
itant is induced to bring forth his treasures at the behest of 
some kindly ambitious soul, who is full of anxiety to write .1 
book, or to say the least, make an effort, with the city of Newark f"i 
his subject, before the sere and yellow leaf of his existence shall 
have waxed 
and waned, or 
the bauble of 
literary fami- 
sh a 1 1 h a \' e 
bursled, when 
just within his 
reach. 

T h e first 
charter of the 
city of New- 
ark, the histor- 
ian informs us, 
w a s granted 
by the legisla- 
ture in 1836. 
Then it was 
that she cast 
a w a y t li e 
scarcely soiled 
shoes of her 
township boy- 
hood, and put 
on span new i.uuis j. wendei.i., cnv clerk. 




ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



139 



boots, "manhood," aiul started forth as a city 
proper. As in nearly all young communities, the 
great men soon out-grew the places for their 
political enthrallment, and as Newark did not 
prove an exception, however devoutly it might 
have been wished for, there were continual calls 
for supplements to the charter, and the legisla- 
ture was kept busy fulminating supplements 
until they became confusing and burthensome. 
Finallv, in 1S54, the Common Council appointed 
a Board of Commissioners to unravel the tan- 
gled skein of sujjplemenis and touch with index 
finger the tender spots in the derine of the grow- 
ing crop of seekers and holders of oflices under 
their provisions. 

The commissioners entered heroically upon 
the task, and finally succeeded to their own 
satisfaction, in preparing a code from which had 
been, as they thought and had abundant and 
satisfactory reasons for believing, eliminated all 
the questionable features, but. when the 
Council had received their report, and as a 
whole had gone over their work with great care, 
places were found in which officials were in- 
trenched, who would not surrender. Late in 
1855, a conniiiltee of citizens joined in the work 
and finally succeeded in presenting a charter quite satisfactory 
to the majority, and on March 20. 1857, it having received the 
sanction of the law-making body of the State, was signed by 
the Governor. 

Newark, at this important period of its history, was divided 
into eleven wards, each of which, under its provisions, were en- 
titled to two Aldermen. These, with his Honor, the Mayor, 
constituted the city government. Provision was also made in 
the charter for the formation of a Board of Education, to which 
was deputed the work of taking care of the public schools, 
minus the appropriations, which was reserved to the Common 
Council. While much wisdom had been displayed in the 
formation of the government, a practical application soon 
proved that simplicity had been too much simplified, and that 
many absolute requirements, in a rapidly growing community, 
had not been met, and the supplement mill must needs be started 

and the okl 




NEWARK FEMALE CHARITABLE SOCIETY S BUILDING, 
CORNER HILL AND HALSEV STREEIS. 

sessment and Revision of Taxes, an institution of which the 
city was sadly in need of. This institution, which has proved 
such a boon to the tax-paying public, came into existence in 
1 866. At this time, 1S97, the Board continues with the same 
number of Commissioners as when it was first organized, but 
all are now appointed by the Mayor. 

In 1S73 the demand made by the growth of the city, ami the 
extent and imporlance of its financial business, was met by 
the formation of a Board of Finance, with an officer called the 
Comptroller standing at its head. So smoothly, economically 
and wisely has the affairs of this dep.irtment been conducted, 
but few changes, and these of a minor character, have been 
deemed necessaiy. 

The mighty growth of the city and its expanse hill-ward, 
seemed to demand some radical changes in the license methods 
of the city. To meet this a supplement was obtained and the 
Board of Coni- 




GEOKGE 11. WILSO.N" CITV TKEAbLRliK. 



business of 


missioners 


grinding out 


were appoint- 


suppleme nts 


ed under its 


begin again. 


provisions. 


One of the 


These have 


first to pass 


continued with 


through t h e 


about the same 


hopper w a s 


duties and 


the supple- 


p w e r s as 


in e n t estab- 


when they first 


lishing a Re- 


began. 


ceiverofTaxes, 


Now we ap- 


and the provid- 


proach an all 


ing of a sinking 


important ])art 


fund to meet 


ofherhistorv— 


ihecity's bond- 


that, which is 


ed debt when 


connected with 


i t s payment 


The Water 


was demanded. 


Boa r d. 1 n 


Next in or- 


i860, asuijple- 


der came the 


ment came 


Board of As- 


through t h e 




lULlLS B. KINGEK, KECEIVEK OF TAXES. 



;/" 



Essi:x cniwTY. .v../., illustrated. 



Il 




,1 1 ^ HOME. AT VKKONA. 



hopper authiiriziny the city lo purchase the franchise held hy 
ihr Newark Acjueihict Cinnpany, and it was then, the Newark 
Ac|urducl liciard was estaljhshed. and into its hands passed the 
nian.i^ernenl of the City's water supply. 

This IJoard. as provided by law, is composed of five members, 
who are elected by the people, and is clothed with very extensive 
powers. It has the entire control and management of the Water 
de()ariment. the Street department, sewers and drains, and in 
t.ict all the public works of the city. The other departments of 
the lity government are the Health Board, which, under recent 
legisl.ition. has very extreme powers; the Trustees of the City 
tlonie. a reform school for boys and girls and the I luslees of 
the Kree Public Library, a most excellent institution which is 
giving tm(|u.dihed satisfaction. 

Newark is situated on the main highw.iy l)elween New York 



and Philadelphia, and on the Passaic River, and hallows the 
spot where our forefathers first delved, and then 'built better 
llian they knew." Its transportation facilities by railroad and 
water are unequalled. It is less than thirty minutes from the 
city of New York by rail. ;ind about an hour by water. Six 
railroads, and trains innumerable each day, transport its pas- 
sengers and its goods to and from the great metropolis, and to 
and from all the great countries and cities of the world. 

The territorial jurisdiction of the city embraces an area of iS 
s(|uare miles. Its improved streets aggregate a length of over 
200 miles, nearly 75 miles of which are paved with granite, 
asphaltum. etc., and its sewers a length of more than 100 miles. 
It has a combined area of nearly 150 acres in parks. And it 
now has a supply of water which for purity, wholesomeness, 
sweetness and abundance, is unequalled. As the bird"s-evc 




M.IH.KMAN \\r\:\\: IIAUKK.W 



views of the city reproduced 
in this work show, the large 
territory end)raced within 
ihe city's limits is well buill 
upon, but not overcrowded 
rile salt marshes or meadows 
in the soulhe.islern part of 
I lie city, are as yet sparse!) 
occupied by either dwellings 
or factories, but even her<' 
liusiness .ind manuf.icluring 
rnierpiise is draining and re- 
I l.iiming I h e marsii, and 
iHiildings and dwellings are 
•illiplying. 

1 he innumerable factories 
in the city ;ire. almost with- 
out an exception, well .ind 
strongly built, finely venti- 
lated and lighted, and ar. 
<'\cellenl examples of factoi\ 
and mill .irchitecture. Tin- 
dwelling houses evince the 




Al.DKR.MA.N JA.MES A. .MCCAKTIIV. 



ESSEX COUNTY, .\. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



141 



prosperity and llirift of the inhabitants, who as a 
rule are well and comfortably housed, while many 
of the larger dwellings, as illustrations of the hand- 
some homes of the city given in this work will 
show, are models of comfort, convenience and 
beauty. The population at the present time, 1897, 
exxeeds two hundred and twenty-tive thousand 
';onls. 

The future growth and prosperity of the city is 
assured, and will be continous. steady and promises 
10 be vast. New manufacturing industries are 
constantlv being attracted to the city by its magni- 
ficent facilities for production and transportation, 
the reasonable prices and rents asked for lands and 
fact ries. the low tax rate and the perfect police 
and tire ])rotection, which the city affords. .And 
with this constant accession of new ind.istries and 
enterprises, conies a vast and steady flowing stream 
of workmen and their families, certain of employ- 
ment, present comfort and future competence. In 
addition to all these, there is a large overflow every 
year from the city of New York, of those who look 
for cheaper and quieter homes than the great metro- 
polis can furnish. Moreover, the industries of the 
city are so diversified that no depression in any one industry 
can materially interfere with the general growth and prosperity 
of the town, .•\ltogether, it seems safe to predict that the city 
of Newark will at no very distant day be the largest and most 
flourishing manufacturing city in the United Slates, if not in the 
world. 

The question now being mooted of a "greater Newark," 
which shall take in the larger portion of Essex and those divis- 
ions of our sister county of Hudson, known as Harrison and 
Kearny, the latter named in honor of the heroic Phil Kearny, 
who lost his life at Chantilly, and a bronze statue of whom 
adorns the beautiful Military Park, will ere long be answered in 
the city of Newark with a teeming population of 500.000 souls. 
The city is both well and cheaply governed. The tax rate for 
thejear 1896 was only §1.96 upon each $100 of assessed valu- 
ation, and this included the county as well as the city rate. 
The assessed valuation of property within the city for taxable 
purposes was. in 1S96. after deducting debts. $133,483.31 1. The 

taxable prop- 
erty was, the 
year jjreced- 
ing. §1 30.085, 
787, w h i c h 
was an in- 
crease over 
the assessed 
valuations for 
1895 of $3. 
397.537. The 
credit of the 
city can hard- 
ly be surpass- 
ed . The 
management 
of its finances 
is hones t, 
conservative 
and wise ;and 
although 
public im- 
ALUiiKMA.N jospEH suTPiiE.N. provemcuts 





HOME OF THE FRIENDLESS. SOUTH OR.\NGE AVE.NUK. 

are being constantly carried on. and there is never any pause in 
the efforts of municipal authorities to improve, beautify and 
adorn the city, yet all these public works are carried on and 
managed in so wise and skillful a manner, that the burden of pay- 
ing for them is scarcely felt by the taxpayers. So excellent is the 
credit of the city, that it has no difficulty in placing such bonds 
as it finds necessary to issue, at 4 and 4^ per cent. 

The inhabitants of the city are in the main enterprising, indus- 
trious, thrifty and prosperous. Considering the size of the city, 
such poverty as exists within its borders is almost insignificant. 
There is employment for all who are able and willing lo work, 
and at fair wages, so that none, except those stricken by disaster 
or disease need know the name of want. And for these un- 
fortunate and distressed, charity is liberal and abundant. 

The city was first incorporated by the name of " The Mayor 
and Common Council of the City of Newark." and this name 
has never been changed in all the subsequent legislation relat- 
ing to the city and its government, although many changes 
have been 
made in the 
powers, duties 
and responsi- 
bilities of these 
ofticers. 

The present 
Mayor of the 
city is James 
M. Seymour, 
who succeeded 
Julius A. Leb- 
k u e c h e r in 
May. 1896. 

The Mayor 
is allowed a 
private secre- 
tary and one 
additional 
clerk, and in 
addition, a po- 
lice officer is 
detailed to ai.uerm.\n tho.mas cokt. 




n: 



ESSILX' COrXTY. X. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



S 




SI. MAKVS nkl'HAN ASVLL'.M AND CHAl'KL, VAI1.SHUK<; 



Stand 'jjuard'al'lhe executive door during "like hours, and to act 
as Mayor's messenjjer. Not an imposinjj staff, truly, but with it 
the .Mayor of this great city must needs lie content. During 
the absence of the Mayor from the city, the executive duties 
devolve upon the President of the Common Council. 

In limes past, the Comnion Council was a proud and import- 
ant body. Almost all the patronage of the city was exercised 
by it, ai\d the key of the city treasury was in its hands. Nearly 
all the city officials were elected or appointed by it. Policemen, 
firemen and lesser heroes were named and pr.ictically appointed 
by the aldermen of the varions wards, and conse(|uently,an alder- 
man in his ward was a great .ind mighty man. In those days to 
Ijc an ahlerman w.is to be a king. Hut times have changed, and 
aldermen havi- changed with them. The Common Council has 
been shorn of almost all its patronage and power.and an alder- 
man is no longer the great and mighty ruler that he was. Inde- 
pendent commissions control the Police, Tire, Health and other 
departments, and the entire field of Public Works has been 
ir.iiisfrrreil In .1 new and indepeiidinl ha.ud. The Common 



Council has now, but Utile to do besides making the annual 
appropriations demanded by the various comraissions. 

The Common Council, as the Board of Aldirnian is styled. 
is composed at present of thirty members, two aldermen being 
elected from each of the fifteen wards into which the city is at 
present divided. The Aldermen composing the present board are ; 
First Ward. Edmund S. Joy, Uavid D. Bragraw ; Second, Louis 
M. Finger, Theodore B. Guerin; Third, John Buhl, Charles Jacobi; 
Fourth, Abraham Manners, William S. Righter ; Fifth, James 
A. Mc Carthy, Charles Weigend ; Sixth, William O. Kuebler. 
F.dward M. Waldron ; Seventh, Frank B. Knott. William J. 
Joice ; I-^ighth, Winton C. Ciarrison, Sidney N. Ogden ; Ninth, 
C.eorge Virtue, Syhamis Shepperd ; 'fenth, William J. Morrow. 
Minard A. Knapp; Eleventh, Edward W. Benjamin, .Xbrani 
C. Uenman ; Twelfth, William Harrigan, Herman Stahnteii ; 
Thirteenth, Jacob Schieihofcr, Ferdinanil Hosp; Fourteenth, 
\'alentine Frahold, John Bea ; Fifteenth, William Mungle, 
Joseph S. Sutphen. 

The Police Commissioners are appointed by the Mayor and 




lllll.KINf; ISSI'KCTOK K. A. DEV. 



fnrm a non-parlisan body, two 
of their number being chosen 
from each of the great political 
parlies. The present Police 
Commissioners are : Lyman E. 
Kane, President ; James U. 
Smith, Edward H. Ufferl and 
Moses Bigelow. The Secretary 
of the Board is Joseph M. Cox. 
I his Board has the control and 
m.inagcment of the Police l)c- 
p.'M tment, but can only remove a 
police oflicial for cause, after 
hearing. The permanency of 
the force, thus assured, permits 
the .illainment of perfect disci- 
pline and efficiency, and the 
police department of the city of 
Newark, as it exists to-day, is 
in these respects equalled by 
very few. if excelled by any- 
The police force numbered in 
1896, 322 officers and men, 




KX-.MAKKKT CI.EKK GEO. IIJCK.MO.N.S. 



ESSEX COUNTY, n' J., ILLUSTRATED. 



143 



officered by a chief, four captains, and tlie necessary 
subordinate officers. For police purposes the city is 
divided into four precincts, the first lieing under the 
1 otnniand of Capt. William P. Daly ; the second 
under the conimand of Capt. Michael Corbitt ; the 
I third under the conimand of Capt. Andrew J. 
McManus ; and the fourth under the command of 
Capt. John H. Ubhaus. 

The Board of Fire Commissioners is also ap- 
pointed by the Mayor, and is likewise a non-parti- 
san body. The present Fire Commissioners are ; 
Henry R. Baker, President; Henry C. Rommell, 
Hugo Menzel. The Chief of the Fire Department 
is Robert Kiersted. The department possesses 
steam fire engines, hook and ladder companies and 
chemical engine. It has an elaborate and com- 
plete fire-alarm telegraph system, and fire-alarm 
signal boxes, so that a fire in any part of the city 
may be reached by the fire engines at once. In 
addition to the engines maintained by the fire depart- 
ment of the city, the Board of Fire Underwriters 
maintain a Salvage Corps, whose 'duties are suffi- 
cientlv indicated by its name. The city is thus amply 
and efficiently protected from fire. 

The Board of Assessment and Revision of Taxes is also 
appointed by the Mayor. Its duties are to make all assessments 
of all property within the city for taxable purposes, to keep 
proper records thereof, to revise the same whenever necessary, 
and to hear and determine all appeals from citizens in matters 
of taxation. The present members of this board are : Philip 
Lowy, John Otto, Marcus S. Richards, Frederick W. Paul, R. 
Heber Breintnall. The Secretary of the Board is Noah Outer. 

The Commissioners of the Sinking Fund are Robert F. 
Ballantine, Frederick Frelinghuysen, Andrew J. Kirkpatrick, and 
the Mayor and CompttoUer, j-.r-ri^ivV/. The Sinking Fund is 
intended to meet the various issues of city bonds as they 
respectively fall due, and these Commissioners have charge of 
the investment of the funds intrusted to their charge, until such 
times as they are needed for the purpose of meeting and retiring 
bonds. 

The Board of Excise Commissioners have charge of the grant- 
ing of licenses for the sale of spirituous and malt li(|uors anc 




ST. BARNARAS HOSPITAL, HIC.II AND MONTGIIMERV STREETS. 



wines within the city limits. They are at ])rcsent ; Franklin 
Marx, President ; Eugene Carroll, Carl Schwartz and James 
Johnston. 

The Health Department is possessed, under recent legislation, 
of very ample powers for the care and protection of the public 
health of the city. The present members of the Board of 
Health are: Dr. H. C. H. Herold, M. Straus, A. H.Johnson, 
J. A. Furman, W. li. Guild, C. E. Mackey, Dr. C. M. Zeh, Dr. 
D. L. Wallace. Dr. F. W. Becker. Dr. W. S. Disbrow. The 
Health Officer is David D. Chandler. The City Hospital and 
the City Dispensary are under the management of the Hoard of 
Health. They control and direct the hospital maintamed by 
the citv for its suffering poor, and also maintain at the hospital 
a training school for nurses. 

The Trustees of the City Home are; the Mayor, t^x-officio, 
J. Ward Woodruff, John Breunig, Henry Merz, John B. Rich- 
mond James A. McCarthy, Frank B. Knott. The City Home 
is a reformatory institution for wayward and truant children. 




PETEK ULRICK, COMMISSIONER BOARD OF WORKS. 



and its discipline is in- 
tended to lead them back 
and accustom them to 
walk in ways of useful- 
ness and sobriety. 

The Free Public Li- 
lirary, of the city is man- 
aged by a board of trus- 
tees which is at present 
composed of Edward H. 
Duryee, James E. Howell, 
Richard C. Jenkinson, 
William Johnson, James 
Taaffe, besides the Mayor 
and the Superintendent of 
Public Schools, ex-officio- 

The Free Library is 
splendidly housed and 
elegantly equipped. It 
contains a library of al- 
most 30,000 books, besides 
a finely furnished reading- 
room. 




VV1I,I,1A^T W. MORRIS, DOCtJMENT CLERK. 



in 



nssEX corxTY. x. ./.. illlstkathd. 





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'Hll«M W*" 
1B«1 



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■^'tPHtM OOO" 



M- 

v*-. 



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■ 1851 ■ 



fJEWAR.K 



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"OUAcij.PO""' 
• IBM-' ^ 



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■-OSES oiO-O"^ . - iW 



I 










ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



141 



MAYORS OF NEWARK. 
''OPEAK of men as you find them" is a good old adage, 
vJ and gives opportunity when wiiting of such as have 
been brought before the public, as having been the occupant of 
some public position, and so it is with those who have been 
called to the mayoralty of the industrial city of Newark, now, 
at this writing (1897) number just a full score and one more. 
In carrying out the old adage in speaking of these men, whose 
photos appear on the opposite page of this work, as we have 
found them, we will be pardoned for giving expression to the 
regret which haunts our mind and has an almost paralysing in- 
fluence over the pen, for that the lack of space to give ever so 
brief a mention of each one of the men whose executive ability 
as exercised through the mayorship of the capital city, of Essex 
County, has had so much to do toward its weal or woe. 

As we glance over the page from which these men speak to 
us, as if they were all living and in our presence, our regrets 
grow apace that full justice cannot be done nor free rein given 



The third on the list was General Miller, a man honored and 
respected by all. The fourth in the mayoralty succession was 
Oliver H. Halstead. a scholarly gentleman who was afterward 
honored with an appointment as Chancellor of the State of New 
Jersey. It was in the stirring political times of 1S40. He 
served one term. 

The fifth was William Wright, who became Mayor of New- 
ark in 1 841. He served three yeais. He was afterward made 
Governor, and then honored with an elevation to the Senate of 
the United States. The sixth Mayor of Newark was Stephen 
Dodd who was elected in 1844. and served one year. His 
birth place was Mendham, Morris County, March 7, 1770. 
Mayor Dodd lived to the ripe old age of 85, and passed away 
March 25. rgjj. Next came Col. Isaac Baldwin as the seventh 
mayor. He was elected in 1845, and served a single term. He 
died in 1853. Beach \'anderpool came next, the eighth in the 
line of Newark's mayors. He was born in Newark, in 180S, 
and was made Mayor of liis mtive city in 1846. and died in 




OFFICERS OF THE THIRD I'RECINCT. 



to our desires, to let the pen run so that this beautiful souvenir 
may in all things be just as we would like it. It is now nearly 
three quarters of a century since Newark became an incorpor- 
ated city and elected her first mayor m the person of Hon. 
William Halsey, w-ho so far as we have been able to gather 
data relating to him. made an acceptable mayor. Mr. Halsey 
belonged to the Short Hills and Springfield branch of the 
family, all of whom had made honorable records and. some 
stood by Pastor Caldwell's side when he gave the British 
"Watts." 

The Second mayor was Theodore Frelinghuysen, a name 
honored and revered ever\'where, and in " speaking of him as 
we find him," we have only to say everybody loved and re- 
spected him. This great and good man w-ill be best remem- 
bered as the Whig candidate for Vice-President of the United 
States on the ticket with Henry Clay, " Gallant Harry of the 
west." 



I S84, sincerely mourned bv all who knew him. Such was the 
character of his genius on all those surrounding him, and what- 
ever he came in contract with felt his influence. 

The name of Ouinby is synonymous with the carriage man- 
ufacturing industry in the city of Newark. This arises from the 
fact that Isaac M. Ouinby, who was the ninth in the Mayoralty 
succession, was a representative of this industry, which, for 
many years, took the lead in Newark's manufacturing interests. 
Mr. Ouinby was a native of Orange, served three terms as 
Mayor of the city of Newark, and crossed the dark river in 
1874, mourned by all who knew him. 

.^mong the Mayors of Newark, it will take but the glance of 
the reader to select the tenth in number from among the men 
whose phothos grace the page, as one who went out and in 
among the people, Horace J. Poinier, beloved and honored by 
all. In 1857 Mr. Poinier was elected Mayor and served three 
terms. 



nt: 



ESSEX CnrXTY. y.J.. TLLFSTRATED. 



1 Va upon the affcc- 

li. itli in the line of 

M \rw.irk. tlie Iliin. 

^: ; :in. of 

:, never 
ore [nipular Mayor, nor one who was more 
■ ■ ..i^ J. csu-enieil for his many noble (|ualities of 
hearl and hand. Moses I5it;elow was a pioneer in 
ill ', , anil amassed a 

i., t liabits and his 

tl ion lo DusMiess. I'or seven years lie 

w, ity's inleresis from the chair of the 

ni 1 when he died, in 1877. very few 

wer. •:■< iii'ire sinierelv mourned. The old liusi- 
ncss whiih hi- rsialilished is now comlucied by his 
Si ■ iiw. and his son-in law. Ex- 

|u . I .iijelow, the well-known and suc- 

cessful attorney and counsellor at law, is also a son 
of the Mayor. 

The next or twelfth in the line of succession to 
the mayoralty was the late lamented Atiibassailor 
10 Germany. .Major General Theodore Kunyon. 
The General, as he was always f.imiliarly called. 
w.is elected Mayor in 1S74 and served for two 
years. He then accepted the hi>;h office of the 
Chancellorship, which he held for fourteen years. During the 
civil war he conuiianded the First New Jersey Brigade, and at 
he battle of the first Bull Run commanded a division. On re- 
tirinj; from the ollice of Chancellor he was appointed by Pres- 
ident Cleveland as Minister to Ormany. the mission which was 
raised in his honor lo .Ambassador. Soon after this new honor 
had been bestowed, the General while at church in lierlin was 
stricken with a|)oplexy, and died soon after reaching his home. 
The trunk and bag industry of the city of Newark had in 
Thomas B. I'eddie. the thirteenth Mayor, one of the earliest and 
firmest supporters and promoters. The First Baptist Church, 
now the I'eddie Memorial, was thus named in honor of Mayor 




SI^CON'D POI.ICE I'KliCIN'CI I:', II MM 
COR. SUMMKR AND SEVENTH AVENUKS. 



I'eddie. who. when he died in 1885. left the church a handsome 




Mr--i".-.i.K. 



bequest. He al.so during his life dealt so liberally with the 
Baptist school at Hightstown that it was called in his honor the 
I'eddie Institute. 

The man who is yet going out and in among us, laden with 
years and honors and yet bearing fruit, was elected Mayor in 
1869, and as God raised up Washington and Lincoln each for 
his speaial purpose, so. too, was Frederick W. Ricord raised up 
for the mayoralty, at a time when then the rashness and want 
of foresight in others required his scrutinizing gaze, his master 
hand at the helm, to save from utter financial ruin by wielding 
the pen to veto the great Broad street wood-paving ordinance. 
So, too, indeed, had Mayor Ricord been raised up, that New- 
ark did herself a lasting honor when she took up the man and 
made him Mayor who had the courage and manliness to do the right thing at 
the right time. The innate goodness of heart of Frederick \V. Ricord was con- 
stantly cropping out when in the prime of life, while the argus eye of the 
people concentr.ites its gaze to reach it ; and thus it was they called him 
from his pen to the School 
Commissionership.to the 
Mayoralty, to the Lay 
Judgeship, to the .Shriev- 
alty, to the Librarianship 
of the Historical .Society, 
where he yet remains, 
while new honors wait 
upon his pen. 

In 1873 Xehemiah I'er- 
ly, a leading clothin;.; 
inerc-hant. carried his ban- 
ner of success to the 
Mayoralty chair of the 

■ ily of Newark and wa'^ 
numbered the fifteenth of 
ihc line. Mr. I'erry. who 
;iflerwariis represented 
his district in the lower 
house of Congress, and 

■ IS he was himself inter- 
isted in the inanufaciur- 
ing interests of Newark. 

JAMI.S K. S.MIIH, I'OI.IUI. I.U.MMISSlUNbK. 




ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 




OFFICERS FIRST PRECINt 1 — 11 KA I m iL AK TERS. 



he proved of great service. Mr. Perry served but one term as 
Mayor. 

The sixteenth Mayor of Newark was Henry J. Yates, a mem- 
ber of the hatting firm of Yates & Wharton, and a gentleman 
wlio was deeply interested in the welfare of the manufacturing 
interests and of tlie people engaged in hatting and, indeed, in 
all the lines of her manufacturing industries. He served two 
full terms as Mayor. 

William H. F. Fiedler was made Mayor in 1879 and served 
one term, the seventeenth in the line of succession. He had 
represented Essex County in the Congress of the United States 
and his district in the Legislature of New Jersey. Mayor Fied- 
ler was president of the United States Credit System Company, 
and was Postmaster of Newark for the term of four years. Mr. 
Fiedler is now engaged in the merchant tailoring business. 
"Billy" Fiedler, as his friends (and he has hosts of them) seem 




hi;ni;v w . iujpi-i.k, ciiitK 



of the Thirteenth Ward Public 
School-house, and refused to move 
on until the magnet which so influ- 
enced it came forth, the nineteenth 
in the line of succession of Mayors, 
in the person of Joseph E. Haynes, 
the principal, and for ten long years 
tills representative schoolmaster 
continued to perform the duties of 
Mavor. When this faithful school 
representative and popular official 
had ceased to be Mayor, the Presi- 
dent of the United States made 
him Postmaster. 

While Newark had long held the 
lead as a jewelry manufacturing 
centre, not a single representative 
of this industry had found his way 
to the Mayor's chair, until the time 
when the twentieth in the line of 
succession was found in the person 
of Julius Lebkeucher, of the jewelry 
firm of Krementz & Co,, and he 



privileged to call him, is of German tlescent, and in his political 
career none were truer to his standard than they of the Father- 
land, and amongof these he found his heaviest rocks of denfense, 
and Judge Gottfried Krueger always led the van. 

The only representative of the great leather manufacturing 
interests Newark ever had in the Mayoralty came in the per- 
son of Henry Lang, the eighteenth of the line of Mayors. 
Public life was ever distasteful to Henry Lang, and his Scotch 
home tastes and idealties proved more to his liking than the 
excitement of political affairs, and at the close of his term he 
refused a renomination by his party. Mayor Lang had served 
as Alderman for several years most acceptably, and the writer 
has reason to know that right for him was always on the lead. 

That the educational class had been given the go-by in the 
selection of Mayorlty candidates never became so evidently 
manifest as in 1883, when the political needle stopped in front 



r 








% 



EDWAKD H. UFl'EK r, POLICE COMMI.S.SIONER. 



7/.S 



i::>sHX coi'xrv, x. j., iija'strated. 



V. He. TIr- c.ilcM<( ^iltii'L- aiul 

til' , :;li llif ailiiiinislraliiin of the 

(liitirs of till- Chief ICxcciilivc (if ihi' city of Nru.itk |ii.>viii;; irk- 
siinic, at the cx|iir.iti<>n of his icnii of ollui- Mnyur I.i hkucchcr 
retired. 

' i\ with sii|K'rior articles have 
\)' of the chiefs, as we ask the 

prn ilejje o! so (ienoiiiinaiin^; the short Irihiiles to the Mayors of 
Newark. .tiuI thesi- \\' lii^i haviii},' lietn relished and enjoyed, 
we will now hriiii, ^scrt and conclude with James .M. 

S< , twcni\-:i:-i iif I iie .Mayoralty line. .As the tribute 

pi : could he liettcr served when his work as Mayor 

■>! . we C.U1 at this lime only rehearse .i few of 

II ■ ~;ory and life which have led up to his entry 

upon ihe iluiics of the .Mayor's olVice.and with this we may now 
say they were indeed well done if continued and finished as well 
as they are heijun. That we have w.irrant of this in his excellent 



zen's (|uiel, or always on lime caught with his clul) thedcscend- 
tnji stroke aiined at body, head or limb, intent on breaking or 
bruising, yet 'twas not until th.e commission was establisluM 
did the '• force." as it is termed, reach that splendid state of 
perfection in discipline existing lo-day. While the men are no 
better, and, perhaps, some not so good as the old "lads." 
among whom there was occasionally rough and ready box^, 
who grasped their club with firm hand and were off .is if on 
the wings of wind, when the signal "tap" of some conirade 
came to their ear calling relief from threatened danger and 
need of help in ihe moment of peril, perhaps to break the death 
grapple of a comrade with some midnight marauder on villain- 
ous purpose bent, were ever true and steady. To realize the 
fact that the police force of tlie city of Newark is as near the 
ideal as it is quite possible to be brought, the interested (and 
who is not) have only to run their eye over the records and 
catch what the grand truth tells, recorded on the pages where pho- 




I'llKTII I'.II.ICK I'KIl INLT, Sl'kl M;n E j, 1 1 AMl nirKKNTM 



AVEN'UES. 



lie Prison and the satisf.actory exhibit 

■ler of the Water IJoard. and the evei- 

w.iich(ul care he has exorcis.-d .,s a M,,nager of the .Slate Hoard 

of Kduclion. .dl these, and his lalenls.is a mechanical engineer 

and his .successful business c.,r.rr. show pretty conclusively 

ilty career, so auspiciously 

iirsl year. And now, when 

"'^ ' "• "III he little hope indeed for the 

^'"■" "' ■" "1 ihc luits ;ind cigars. 



POLICE OF NEWARK. 



'Illl I 



\Y'';', ' ■ lusalw.-ush.td 

'!"! in such de- 
..II every j.res. .^,„| understand 

1 •■ ■"•^" 'f'"''- 'I'fi '."..;i.' .. .1111.1, or f.-arlesslv 

dashe,l ..n where rjeslroyrrs of pr.„ ,• ;„„| ,|„ ,.,,, ,,( ,,,p , |,|_ 



tographs are kept of each man's "duly steps " as he circles 
his beat in pursuance thereof. Show us the citizen who, when 
he lies down to his rest and peaceful slumbers, and who does 
not feel that the argus eyeof the faithful policeman does not guard 
him well, or fails in his duty, we will show you one who is not 
worthy of the self-sacrifice that is made by the devoted police- 
man for his sake. The Board of Police Commissioners is a non- 
partisan body, and therefore it is that the political dark that 
used to be peeking between the rails of the old fence has been 
hustled away, and a "a man's a man for 'a that " has taken the 
place on the force. The Commissioners are five in number and 
hold office for the term of five years. At this writing the body 
is made up of Lyman li. Kane, president; Moses Bigelow-, 
James R. .Smith, i:dward Uffert. Police headquarters are at 
No. 13 William street, at rear of City Hall, Joseph M. Cox is 
secretary; Police Surgeon, Dr. J. Henry Clark ; Chief of Police. 
Henry Hopper. Wilbur A. Motl. Esq.. is Judge of the ImisI 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



140 



Precinct Court, 1 1 Willinm 
street. Judge Mott also 
presides in Part II.. Sum- 
mer and Seventh avenues. 
Fourth Criminal Court, 
Part II., 134 Van Burcn 
street, Judge Augustus F. 
Eggers. Judge Eggers 
also looks after the inter- 
ests of Part I. of the same 
Fourth Precinct Court 
corner of Springfield a\e- 
nue and Fifteenth street. 
Elmer Freeland is Clerk 
of the First Precinct Court 
.uid of the .Second I'.irt, 
and Thomas Pearson, 
Esq., is Clerk of the Sec- 
ond Precinct Court, also 
of its Second Part. There 
are on the regular force 
eight Detectives, Benja- 
min R. Stainsbv, William 
Carroll, John F. Cosgrove, 
Peter I.Christie, Richard Lewis, Julius Jaegers, August Jackes, 
Joseph Wrightson ; Truant Officer, Albert J. Haynes. There 
are four Captains, one of each Precinct and Sub-Precinct or 
Second Part, viz.. Captain William Daly, i 24 Congress street ; 
Captain Michael Corbett, 84 Park street; Captain Andrew J. 





Al'r. \VM. r. IIAI.V, TlilKD I'KICCINCT. 



C.M'r. .\NDKKW J. .M M.\NL'S, HKST I'KLCINCr. 



McManus, 85 Clifton avenue; Captain John H. Ubhaus 



89 

Springfield avenue. There are also twehe Lieutenants of 

Police, three for each Precinct and its sub. At the First Pre- 
cinct, Ernest A. .Astley, Peter Walker. Thomas Tracey ; Second 

Precinct, Freeman A, Edwards, Henry Lewis, John H. Adams ; 

Third Precinct, John W. Prout. Michael Barrett. Alfred C. 

Dowliiig; Fourth Precinct, Charles Klein, Henry Vahle, Jacob 

Wambokl. To the First Precinct there are three Roundsmen 

detailed, and one lioundsman only for each of the remaining 

three l^recincts. The entire force consists of 265 patrolmen, 

U) each of whom is allotted a certain route, made up of streets, 

alleys, etc., which, in the parlance usual to the force, are called 

"beats," but for what particular reason they are possessed of 

of or about the Police Depart- 
ment in its proper category, the 
police force of the city of New- 
ark has few equals and no supe- 
riors. Bring on data, and if 
comparisons don't prove a trille 
odious to the opposition, we 
h.ive made a mistake of which 
we shall ever feel proud. 

A person has only to run over 
the police records with even a 
moderate degree of care to see 
with what faithfulness every 
man has perfoimed his duties, 
as all over its pages stand 
recorded acts of personal cour- 
age, heroic effort and unselfish 
devotion which have won f(u 
the actors encomiums in the 
successful drama of a successful 
capture, of which any man can 
feel proud. The burglar and 
the prowling villian have learned 
cAiT. MiciiAKL coKisETT, SECOND PKi-.ciNCT. to drcad the ulglit " squad." 



that peculiar cognomen, or the wherefore of their being so 
named, we are unable to tell. But now, since the question has 
been laised, and we are entirely satisfied that it will be no 
breach of confidence to divulge the fact which tells the reason 
why they are not so named, viz., because no one ever had the 
least reason for telling it, and because they had never known a 
policeman to beat the city out of a single moment of time or an 
inch of his prescribed route. The name could not by any 
stretch of thought or peculiarity of language be taken from 
the old saying, viz., "beating about the bush." Whatsoever, 
wheresoever or howsoever it may have, the name is here, and, 
from present appearances, "has come to stay," that is, we 
should say so, if it is here indeed worth saying anything about, 
S|)ace permitting, we should have more to say, but the very best 
thing to say is to say it and have done with it, and before you 
have paralyzed the language, liut ere such a catastrophe 
should befall us, it is our desire to say in as few words as possi- 
ble that, taking all in all, and placing every man and all things 





CAPTAIN J. H. UHHAUS, FOUKTU I'KECINCT. 



ir,t> 



/rss/r.v cocxTY, n. j., illustrated. 



NEWARK BOARD OF HEALTH. 

Ni) |iiililiL hixlv m llic jjrc.il miluslrial cily of Niu.irk is of 
..Tiiiilir imporl lo its ptoplr ih.in what is lerinccl llu- 
l; ly luiM in llii-ir li.iiids in a large 

,-x ^^. the lift- aiul (katli. the brevity or 

longevity of the luim.iii lainily iloiiiii ilr<l uilliiii its l)Oumls. To 
-.a\ tlial in all llusc all-important essentials llic hoard of Health 
anssxers to evcrv <all of duty imposed in a manner satisfying 
j., . most exacting, is patent to every one. This body. 

,,, I. as it is termed, of the city government, consists 

of tin memliers. <|iiite a l.irge percentage of whom are medical 
grntl. ni.ii ^i.indmg high in the profession, the b.d.ince being 
c:' ed for their .diility and sound judgment on such 

,■ ire liWelv to come before the dep.irtmeiit for con- 

„i The following well-known citizens made up the 

roster Ml liie board in 1.S97: Dr. II. C. H. Hcrokl, president; 
Dr. D. L. Wall.icc, Dr. C. M. Zeh, Dr. F. W. Becker. Dr. M. S. 
Dishrciw. Counsellor William !!. ('■uilil. e\-Alderman J. A. Fiir- 



a man of large experience, and being the possessor of a large 
fund of practical common sen.se. is bringing the weight of it to 
bear in assisting the standing committee in carrying on their 
important and exacting task. To those of our citizens who de- 
sire to know how well the board does its thankless work, or 
those who wish to domicil in E.ssex County, they have but to 
examine the sickness .and death reports lo find how favorably 
the results comp.ire. 

NEWARK CITY AND ITS GOVERNMENT. 

NO history of Essex County would be complete without a 
sketch of its ca|)ital city and county town, situate along 
its easterly border and on the banks of the Passaic river, which 
form the eastern boundary line of Essex County, froin the point 
where Fassaic County joins her on the north and to the south- 
east, till the beautiful stream is lost in the sluggish waters of 
the llackensack, and where both are lost in Newarh bay. This 
capital city, now the liirmingham of America, with a teeming 




I « 4 I • 

• • • )> f 

I I « • • 

• V f r « 



I • 



r' 



• i III 11' p .1 II «i (I V««\ii 

I }..!• I II .1 -I >> >\ »^ "^i-'ll 




r^ 



■ M n irif 

r n « n n 



:ssss 



H n ■ • N 

». n ■ ■ B 




rill, NKW cirv iinsrirAt, on t airmoi'n r .\vi:\uf. 



m.iii, e\-Al.lerm.in A. II. Johnson and Moses .Straus. The 
H.Mlil)V)fri<er of the lionrd is David R. Chandler, a man thor- 
oughlyrc ipable and of large experience in this line. 

'■ ' ' ' 'y .after the negligent and lilthy malaria 

■"' es within the city limits, this body has 

rhai^;< ..( li>. Cilv 1 lo^pital, and that this i)eautiful charily of the 
cily is in romp. lent and faithful hands none who know them 
will h.ivc the least desire to (|ueslion or will attempt to deny. 
The ronimiltee having the hospital under their direct care con- 
sists of the following named memli.rs; Dr. C. M. Zeh, chair- 
"' ' '.John A. Iiirm.in, .\. II. Johnson and 

^^ Dr. II. C. II. Ilerold. 

,\s thr Illy IS engaged in the truly lauilal.le enterprise of 
l.inldini' . r,, .v l,osp|i,T| building and filling a want long fell, 
'''I*- foi. lis hantis pretty full in looking ,ifler the de- 

'•i''-' "' " 'Ml. lion. There is no| the shadow of a douhl 

but this bmldini; wh.n ro.i,p|..t,.,| w||| take r.ink with the verv 



b< 



' "iiMisyn.iry msliluiions 
of ihe Health Hoard, is 



population fast approaching the three hundred thousand niaik, 
was settled by a sturdy band of farmer patriots who little 
dreamed as they felled the giant trees with which the ground 
was encumbered, or whistled or sang their pioneer songs as 
they followed the plough over the cleared acres, or swung the 
scythe through the low meadow grasses, that the whirr of thou- 
sands of steam engines would become the refrains that would 
be heard by their children. The ideal spot that the pioneer 
hand h.ad found upon which to plant their homes and " provide 
for their outward wants and gain a comfortable sul)sistence and 
with an unchallenged right to seek their soul's welfare," had 
another destiny just out of view, of which they little knew. As 
in a previous chapter we have said all that need be said of the 
city's growth and progress, we can have but lillle to do with its 
flistanl past. 

As naturally as the crystal waters from the bubbling springs 
on the mountain lops turn toward the great oceans and seek 
through Ihe rills, brooks and rivers a home in their mighty 
bosoms, so do our thoughts turn to Ihe government and gov- 




DK. H. C. H HEKOI.II, I'UESlDtN T HOARD OF lll-.Al.l }l. 



Newark, which has earned the title of the Birmingham of 
America, every eye may turn with pride, and the retleclion of 
her greatness will he an all-sufficient proof that her government 
and governmental policy liad very much to do in caressing the 
forces which had elevated her to the ])roud position she occu- 
pies to-day, and have given birth to the promise of a great and 
jirosperous future. 

Strange as it may seem, when the city of Newark was first 
laid out it was without the most distant hope or thought even 
that she would ever become the mighty industrial centre that 
she has grown to be, the great manufacturing city of the .'\mer- 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED 



ernniental policy of the cap- 
ital city of the county, whose 
history has so e n v i r o n e d 
them that they have become 
of undying interest to the 
writer, and as the facts arise 
like inspirations as we ap- 
pro.ich them, it becomes a 
])leasure indeed to write them, 
instead of a labor. In an- 
other chapter the character 
of the earlier history of the 
great industrial city having 
found reeord, this chainer 
will only de.il with its gov- 
ernment, as connected with 
growth and prosperity in the 
earlier part, of its marvelous 
work in the present, and its 
bright promises as they lend 
a halo of grandeur for its 
future. Every J ersey man 
takes an honest pride in the 
chief city of the laurel- 
wreated little Stale of the 
grand confederacy of .States 
which make up the I'nion, 
"One and inseparable." To 
ican realm. 



151 




JAMI.s A I I K.NiAN, MI.MHKK oh llKAl.lll liOAKL). 




DK. WM. S. DISBKOW, .MK.MBF.k OF HEALTH EOAKD. 



Farming in the rich soils which the down-reaching 
spade brought up or charmed the fancy of the ploughman as it 
quit the side plough, handled by stalwarts and glistened in the 
beautifully turned furrow, was the ideal occupation of the first 
settlers inspirations. 

To speak well of tho.se who deserve well is ever a delight to 
the well wisher of mankind, and thus as we sjjeak of the ])eople 
of Newark, the masses of whom rank with the skilled labor 
classes, as an easily governed community, it requires no stretch 
of imagination when we say that tlie city is " well and cheaply 
governed." Thus it is that her credit is A No. i, in the money 

marts of our own country as well as those away over the ocean. No speckled beauty 

of the mountain stream ever dashes from his rocky court with more eager spring 

for the dainty morsel w'hich comes 

siding near on the water swirl all 

intent for the mornings's meal, than 

does the creditor classes who watch 

lor her outcoming bonds, grappling 

one with another in wordy strifes, as 

to which shall capture the all alluring 

prize, yielding only when, perhaps by 

.igreement to equally divide, they may 

clip the coupons and feast upon the 

gain of the very best securities of the 

market. We hazard little or nothing 

in making the assertion that the people 

Newark, taken as a whole are as 

,;\\ abiding and thrifty as can be 

found quartered in any other city on 

the face of the globe, and we know 

that none can be found anywhere 

under the canopy of Heaven wdro pay 

their taxes and improvement assess- 
ments with more ecjual readiness, a 

signiticant proof of the latter is seen 

in their haste to deposit the amount of 

their ta.xeswhen the season of pay- ur. c. .m. zkh, .membek of heai-iu boaku. 




ir,2 




I)K. J II. ( l.AKK, l'l>l.ll>; SURUEON. 



rssEX corxTY, x. /.. illustrated. 



ment is at hand. Having dealt 
with tlic i|iiestion of the growth 
and prospt-rity of the city, it.s low- 
tax i^te on a modest valuation, in 
another place, it is not necessary 
that we should repeat, even to the 
extent of a simple rehearsal of the 
charming facts which are so 
abundantly satisfying to the people. 
IJoth great political parlies always 
have vied with each other in plac- 
ing officials in charge and both 
having presented a fairly clean 
sheet for inspection, there has been 
found little opportunity, for those. 
■ • V there be, who stand ready to 
■ the opposition over any short 
comings which unfortunately there 
might be. This beautiful stale of 
affairs of which every Xewarker 
should feel an abundant pride, has 
its root and foundation in the facts 
of the general thrift, brought about 
by atiiple opportiinilies for skilled 




M LHr.sNh^ . 



I UK OKA.\lii> I'Ul.lCK. 



niech.uiics and laborers to apply iheir callings. 10 lind a demand 
at remunerative wages in their c.dling. The very first act of 
incorporation was under the title of the Mayoi and Common 
Ciiuncil iif the city of Newark, and it has thus remained ever 
since, through all the mutations and changes which time with 
great adroitness seldom fails to present. 

The Mayor and chief executive oflicer of the city is elected 
by the peiiplc at the election held in the month of April, and 
holds ottice for a term of two years, and is eligible to re-election 
so long as the people of his party shall believe in him. for il 
may .as well be understood just here that party politics enter 
largely into the ([ueslions of his election and retention. 

During the decade ending 1S94 Hon. Joseph E. Haynes occu- 
pied the position v-^f M.iyor. The Mayoralty chair was then 
occupied by a young jewelery manufacturer of German birlh — 
Julius I.iebkuechcr— who had defeated the opposition nominee, 
but who in turn was vantpiishcd by the same man whom he 
h.id beaten before. Hon. James M. Seymour, the present occu- 




.MlJl. H.MAS J. tc UNl.LK. 



pant of the ofiice, a leading m.inufacturer who had been honorei' 
with an appointment as I'rison Inspector and had been a faith- 
ful representative of the city on the Water Board, was elected 
to the Mayoralty at the city election of the spring of 1896. The 
deep interest which Mr. .Seymour had taken in educational 
affairs had led to his appointment by Governor Werts to a seat 
in the State Hoard of Kducatioii. and by Covernor .-Vbbott as a 
Trustee of the St.ile institulion for ihe care and education of 
the deaf and dumb. 

The fact that James M. Seymour had always taken a deep 
interest in the cause of labor and was a firm promoter of the 
I ights of laboring men. gained for him the lasting friendship of 
those who " work to live." He long had and still retains a warm 
place in the affections of those who live by the " sweat of their 
face." and il was this warm affection of labor which no doubt, 
to a large extent, turned the balance in his favor and helped to 
place him in the mayoralty, in which he is acquitting himself 
with honor to himself and credit to the city, and little doubt 

exists of his triumph.int re-election in the spring. As the Mayor is allowed by 

law a private secretary. His Honor has called to his side young Matthew Ely, a 

journalist, who is doing right royal good service and manfully helping to hold up 

the Mayor's hands. In the performance of 

his duty he has given abundant proof of 

his ability to fill the post most acceptably, 

and his acts, speaking for themselves. 

show him to be a worthy successor to the 

venerable ex-Congressman, Hon. Thomas 

Dunn F.nglish. the author of " IJen ISolt." 

who tilled the position under the adminis- 

iration of Mayor Fiedler. 

There is every prospect that Mayor 

.Seymour will continue as he has beg.m 

to discharge the duties of his office with- 
out fear or favor from any cpiarler. for the 

best interest of the citizens whose confi- 

deni e he hjis ever retained, and whose 

verdict is supreme. 

It is a well demonstrated fact that the 

man in position who tries to please every- 
body., in the end (|uite often fails, 

iheri-fore every citizen in ;iulhoritv should 

aim for the greatest good to all. i;.\.ta.\ klckukk a, juum.n clakk. 




ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



153 




FRANKLIN' MAKX. PRESIDENT EXCISE BOARD 

tltpths. This all 
gloom of the primeval forest where the wild animals anil little 
less wild Indians roamed, feeding the fish in the cool depths 
of the lake of the mountain, while in the pools of their gathering 
the wild animals and the Indian together might bathe. But as 
the ages went on and the soul of God's best creation, went on 
in its developings, the husbanding of the fount of the Almighty's 
grand resources found stored away in earth's recesses all divined 
for man's purposes, and to satisfy his needs, began to occu|)y 
humanity's attention. Now began the husbanding of God's 
treasures and the founts of the depth, in the fastness, where 
was garnered pure water and was no longer permitted to caper 
and play the hours away and seek rest and retirement where 
the porpoise sluggishly rolls and the wonderful Leviathan, un- 
molested, plays. Little thought had the millions of the needs 
of their future, when, as a warning, as it were, came the 
scarcity " now and then " of that abundance of water provided 
bv the Almighty for man's necessities, but which had been 
permitted to slip unmolested away. 



PEQUANNOCK WATER. 

UI' from the granite beds of iron 
bound Sussex rush the pure 
waters from the fast flowing rivers 
established in earth's throbbing bosom. 
lo join hands with the streams from 
rock ribbed channels of Warren, and 
liy the outlets of ten thousand living 
springs scattered all over their broad 
acres and along their mountain and 
hill sides to join in holy wedlock their 
^weet waters wherever they ran. 
n their errands of mercy to man and 
-inging the songs in such bewitching 
trains as to entrance, while they 
MSsed under the title of Pei|uannock 
I' Passaic. 

For ages unnamed and ages untold 
ese waters rolled on to old ocean 
le gormant never yet filled, used it 
unly to delight the sportive fishes, play- 
ing '• hide and seek " in its crystal 
nt on in the 




JAMES JOHNSTON, E.XCISE COMMISSION R 

To waste its power and thought 

In rolling and rollicking 

Where ibesca foam each day. 

Was spending it's time in boisterous play, 

and giving proof, for man's use, of how dangerous it is for the 
pure and good bad company to keep. 

When the cry of necessity was first heard, going up from the 
thousands for a larger and better supply of pure water, 
whose business or taste, had induced to gather in the dry little 
nooks, close by where once ran so sprightly, the brook or the 
rivulet, from whose bosom the wee little trout with specks on 
his skin so beautiful and bright, leaped through the sunlight in 
pursuit of his unwary little fly or the barbed steel hook, on his 
way to the basket hanging by the side of an Isaac Walton 
scholar and thence lothe frying pan. 

Scarce two years has run the gauntlet of time since the water 
supply of Essex County was drawn from the well polluted 
springs of Branch Brook, alone, where young America in easily 
was wont to learn to 







CARL SCHWAKZ, EXCISE COMMISSIONER. 



constructed pools 
dive and swim and yet Newark had a 
population then, close up to. if not beyond, 
the fifty thousand line. The conduits 
used to guide the water throughout the 
city the major part of it was not o'er pure 
as it had been husbanded from the good 
old State thoroughfare known as the Mor- 
ris canal, and had previously done duty in 
floating the boais heavily laden with coal. 
.As the years flew bv and the Branch 
lliook ■' now and agin " went so very 
nrar. thai the good old wells, faithful 
assistants, out of pure sympathy, went 
dry, the people began to think, and as 
ihe fisherman with his well stocked basket 
of mountain trout stepped from the 
Morris and Esse.x Railroad cars, each year 
as the fishing season vv'ent by. talked much 
of the Pequannock's purity and other 
streams hard by. But the heavy weights 
and home stayers not wont to travel so 
far, and seeing little entertainment in 




DR. THOMAS DUNN ENGLISH. 



/."-/ 



ESSEX COCXTV. X. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



ir.mipin^ iiii'iint.iin, lull ami 
lircok for llic piirposc of cttdi- 
m^; in an all <lay sirule. wh.il an 
iiM-fashioncd Knjjiish six ptncc 
would buy saw thi- plan for a 
water supply \n ilu- grand old 
Passaic which rrepl hack and 
forth iwicf mery twenly-f.'ur 
hours 1 Io>c lo llu-ir door. Tli' 
f.icl unci- Srlilfd. il didn'l I 

1(111)4 '" f!'^'-' •' "^'^^ "' M""^'"'' '" 
the Niirih lersrv w.ilcr shfd and 



\illc reservoir and pump stalion 
on the hank of ihc i^ood old 
I'assaic. on whose sweet scentt-d 
hosoin had lloaled the first 
settlers of Kssex and innumer- 
able boat loads of " Rockaway 
o\slersand Little Neck clams " 
I told you so, shouted in chorus, 
ten thousand, more or less, of 
the people in not ulilizinj; the 
spring water fron; the mountains 
and curliint; the race horse 
spirit of the beautiful Peqiian- 
nock. their outlet, by building 
just a few dams for reservoirs 
and also water storage far from 
the polluting haunts of man. 

This was the case ere the first summer, with her season of 
droughts long drawn out, and the lloods of spring, fall and 
winter, which bid the mink, beaver and musk rat "get out." 
Kven the most powerful of the advocates of the plan of drawing 
a water supply from the Passaic by an inlaking from a point 
from below the falls and the village of Passaic, but hnding it to 
be an undisputable fact that Passaic alone could supply pollut- 
ing material enough. un<listurbed and alone to pollute every 
single diop. The works Were finally abandoned and the sup- 
ply of pure unpolluted Pequannock water, which now places 
the 1 ily of Newark in the fore front of cities with an abundance 
f>f puir water dripping from every pore. Mut thereby hangelh 





ENGINE CiJMP.\N\ NO. 5, ON I'Ko.SlECT S'lREET. 

a tale. During nil the time that Newark was halting between 
two opinions and mukiplyiiig fool hardy operations, some wide 
awake gentlemen, who had fished every brook, whiiiped every 
stream and trolled every lake where the finny tribe do congie- 
gatc, put their heads and purses together and organized what 
is termed the East Jersey Water Company, and it is from this 
company that the Newark people are being supplied, for all 
purposes, a full supply of as good and pure water as is to be 
garnered by any people or company, or dispensed by any water 
company or individual in the world. 

For the securing of this spring water from this company, 
Newark, owing to its dalliance, is compelled to pay handsomely 
for the same, but its contract with the company is of 
such a character that the jjlant in fee smiple comes into 
the hands of the people and the wonderful product of the 
Pequannock watershed will betheir's forever. Had that 
good judgment possessed by many men, who foresaw the 
result of to-day, been ])ermitted to have full swing and 
fair play early in the nineties even millions, we may say, 
might have been saved to the treasury. 

lieltcr late than never is an adage to good jiurpose, 
when faithfully ap|>lied. Now, if we may judge of what 
is the transpanancies of to-day, as what may be in store 
for the futiiie, till re is positively no scintilla of danger 
that Newark will ever have lo face the horrors of a water 
f.imine or the danger from any manner or form of pollu- 
tion to the water her people shall drink. With entire 
control of the outlets of those vast underground rivers 
.ind brooks and the thousands of springs bubbling from 
the hillsides of Morris. Warren and Essex counties, and 
the keys to unlock them in the hands of the fathers of the 
great city of the future, which will be built on the soil of 
ICssex County, will hold along with this ruby of price in a 
pure water course and her mighty resourse, not alone of 
marvellous in purity, but of remarkable abundance. 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



155 




ADAM B(.1SCH, STPr. 



THE FIRE DEPARTMENT. 

THAT those among the citi- 
zens of Newark, who had 
as it is termed, tied up to the 
old volunteer fire department, 
felt the sun of her glory had 
gone down permanently and 
her effulgent rays would be seen 
no more and forever when the 
change was made from the 
volunteer to the pay system, is 
true, few who are well accjuain ted 
with the circumstances will not 
attempt to deny. It having been 
generously acknowledged that 
I he Newark fire laddies beat the 
world, there was no shadow of 
doubt. The leading young meji 
of the city, who in all things 
else during their progressive 
years were tenderly nurtured 
and cared for, went rough while 
getting into their garments when 




the old fire bell struck in the night and their very own machine 
went rattling over the stones slow until their own sweet voice 
sallied round the sweetest words that ever fell on i fireman's 
ears : " Hit er-up b-o-y-s ! I't-er-up !" And then, oh how quick 
the boys would make the old beauty leap, as the sympathizers 
with that veritable machine, lent a hand at the rope until the 
mad rush began and the mighty race was on betw-een two crack 
engines in order to see which should reach the fire first and get 
the best of the resultant fight. Many a volunteer, after they 
figured up, have thought it best to go with the machine into 
the shop for repairs. Although the machine had its regular 
number of meinbers to its company it had often double the 
number of attachees who made the house, or home of the 
machine, their place of resort, and among these old attachees 
memory holds in place ready for rehearsal call, lots of larks and 
innocent fun, whether quiet or rollicking in its nature, there's 
little odds in the matter. Whatever it might be, the machine 
was the meat wherever the nut was cracked. Arguments stiong 
and full of logic on great questions of the day oft times became 

came the painting of the same. 
The argument grew warm and 
it was thought would prove 
lasting, for one member of the 
repairs committee thought she 
ought to be painted blue and 
another yellow, another a brown 
would be a heap more lasting, 
so not agreeing by a vote of two 
to one, the opinion of the oracle 
should fix it and be lasting. His 
reply came somewhat on this 
wise : " Well, gentlemen, I don't 
care a d — what color you paint 
her if it is only K-e-d," and red 
she was painted. The introduc- 
tion of the steam fire engine 
was a revolution in the methods 
and manners of fighting the fire 
fiend and it was not without 
some tears of regret did the 
hand engine get from the chief 
E.x-CHiEF WILLIAM H. EKowN. the Order to take up and go 



JAMES HODGKINSON, FIKE MARSH.AI.L OF ORAN'GI!:. 

heated and must needs be referred to some one supposed to be 
more gifted, to settle upon. About the engine house there was 
generally an oracle to whom all difficult or abstruse problems 
and questions were referred for settlement or decisive solutions, 
on all occasions, when not engaged in the mightier concerns 
and graver affairs of manifestations of his pow'er he was 
engaged usually in the delectable business of tobacco chewing, 
smoking the w-eed and in practicing the art of ejaculating 
small volumes of saliva at some jiarticular mark or spot, whether 
his practice was designed for some particular meet to see whose 
oracle could do his part the more complete or whether his 
ejaculations were for his own and the younger attachees delec- 
tations, the writer of this was never able to find out, but one 
thing he did learn was that his decisions on questions referred 
were irrevocable and as unchangeable as the laws of the Medes 
and Persians are said to be. Just one in demonstration. Once 
upon a time when a race was on a few bricks had fallen 
athwart the machine, with as a resultant, the disturbance of 
hose and abrasion of a bit of paint. After the repairs then 





CAPTAIN LOUIS M. PKICE. 



l.'tl 



HSSHX COrXTV, X.J., ILLlSr RATED. 



Ii..i)u- (or"()M Minnie" had 
come. The Newark Fire 
Dciiartnient. as now ni.iile up 
i-cinsists iif Chief Kn^'inei i 
Robert Kiersleatl, Assistai / 
Chief William C. Asllev. Sect' 
l.ir\ Horace H. I'lrowii. Supei 
inlcnilent Fire Alarm Tele;;ra|> 
Adam Bosch. There are foiii 
leen steam lire engines .ind fon 
lioiik and ladder compaiiii 
wjili a captain and nine .ind it 
men eadi. One chemical entjiiic 
with a captain and five men. 
making' a total force on January 
I. iS97.of l8i men. constitute 
the working; force (all permanent 
men I, at a s.ilar)' of $750. for 
the lirst year; $903. for the 
second year; $950 for the third 
year and $1,100 for the fourth 
and all succeeding years. Cap- 
tains receive $1,200 a ye.ir. The 
fire engine houses are models of perfection and are furnished 
with all the latest discovered improvements, paraphernalia and 
scientific methods in use anywhere in cutting down a fire in its 
infancy. Gamewell fire alarm boxes are scattered all over the 
city and each alarm box is so connected that the engines are on 
their way toward a fire as soon almost as the alarm is given. It 
IS gratifying indeed for us in being able to say that while other 
cities may be blessed with departments equally as good, we can 
say without the least fear of gainsaying, there is no better 
department in the world than the city of Newark can boast. 
The Fire Commissioners, who are a non-partisan body, having 
full charge of fire mailers, consist of the following named 
gentlemen selected for their fitness for the positions: Henry K. 
IJaker, Henry C. Kommell, Hugo Menzel and John Illingswoi th- 





I, «. c UK. KKUKV AND 1 ILMOKK sTS. 



KNC.I.S'K (.OMI'ANV NO. 9, ON SUMMER AVENUE. 



Tho boaul holds regular iiieelings on the first and Third 
Tuesdays of each month. Henry K. Baker is the present presi- 
dent and Horace II. Brown, secretary. 

RoHER'f KlER.STEAl). 
The ])resent chief engineer, an excellent photo of wlioin 
appears among the illustrations is an able an efficient otVicer, 
having been connected with the department since iSy^and 
h.as fille<l the position of chief engineer during the past twelve 
years witli credit to himself and honor to the department over 
which he presides. He is a survivor of the war for the Union 
having served his country in Company B, 26th Regiment, N. J. 
\'oluntcer Infantry, and also in K Company, 3d X.J. Cavalry. 

WlI.I.IAM C. Asil.KY, 
Assistant Chief Astley joined the department in 1867, and was 
a|)pofnted to his present dosition in July, 1887. He is a practi- 
cal fireman, with a thorough knowledge of the department, and 
has served w-ith marked ability as superintendent of the depart- 
ment for a term of three years. A life-like photo of the veteran 
fire fighter will be seen in the illustrations. 

Horace H. Brown. 

This courteous and gentlemanly clerk of the Board of Fire 
Commissioners, whose life-like photo will be seen among the 
ilhistraticins. is perhaijs one of the oldest living fire laddies in 
our midst, he joined the department in 1S53. left the same in 
1854, and rejoined in 1855, resigned in i860 and again joined in 
1867. He served as clerk from 1867 to 1892, since which time 
he has been faithful in the discharge of his present duties. 

WlI.I.IAM GoDliER. 

Fx-Captain William (jodber's friends will readily recognize 
the familiar f.ace so well known to the mendiers of the depart- 
ment. This honored fireman has been connected with the 
department for over half a century and has had many exciting 
experiences during that time. He was retired on half pay in 
.September, 1896, by the Fire Commissioners. The captain 
also served his country in its darkest hour, by putting down his 
n.ime on the roster of Company A. 261I1 Regiment, N J. X'olun- 
teer Infantry, and serving faithfully as an officer during the 
struggle for the Union, in the battles of the Army of the 
I'otomac, 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



157 




CAPTAIN JAMI'.S V. HAMLIN. 



Adam Bosch. 

The evei- faithful and rehable suiieriii- 
ifiident of the Newark fire alarm tele- 
L;raph code, is an expert and practical 
mechanic in the position which he so ably 
I'llls. He is a graduate of the scientific 
department of the C()0|ier Institute. New 
\'ork. and has occupied his present posi- 
tion in the department since January. 
1876. His familiar features will be readily 
recognized among the illustrations by his 
many friends. 

Lewis. AI. I'rice. 

Captain Lewis At. Price, a photo of 
whom is presented in the illustrations, 
was born and educated in this city and 
IS from boyhood always taken a great 
iierest in fire matters. His first experi- 
' nee was in running with Nos. 5 and i i 
ii.ind engines. During the civil war he 
Mjrvedhis country in Company F, 35th N. 
J. Volunteer Infantry, and while yet in his 
teens liecame one of •' Sherman's Bum- 




iniiKk (kk I IkKlkl 



mers," participating in all the important strug 
and took part in the famous march from " Atlanta to the Sea." 
At the close of the war he retmned to his home and .again 
became a runner in No. i Steamer until elected a member of 
the company, after a few years he was elected assistant fore- 
man, serving for three years when he was elected foreman, the 
duties of which he transacted for over seven years. In 1SS5 he 
was elected by the Common Council as an assistant engineer 
and in 1SS9 the Commissioners appointed him district chief, the 
duties of which he faithfully discharged until the office was 
abolished. In 1893 he was attached to Hook and Ladder 
Company No. 3, and in July 1S93, the Commissioners appointed 
him captain and assigned him to duty with engine company No. 
7. Captain Price served as president of the Veteran Associa- 
tion of the 35th N. J. X'olunteers, and is a past commander of 
Phil Kearney Post, No. i, the oldest Grand Army organization 
in this State. Captain Price is one of the old time fire laddies, 
and his career with the department is a credit to himself and city. 




I'AI'IAIN JOSKPH K. SLOAN. 



of its honor, and when chosen to fill a 
political position declared that : " 1 
would rather be a fireman than Gover- 
nor of the State." And a noble fire- 
man he was, such a man needs nci 
sermon, no monuments, no lengthy 
obituary, his name and the memory of 
his heroic deeds will live for ever in 
every true fireman's heart. 

William E. Grkathead. 
One of the familiar figuies seen on 
the streets of Newark is now secretary 
of the important executive branch of 
the Newark city government known as 
the Board of Works. William V,. 
Greathead is in the prime of life, tall, 
portly, finely developed, straight as an 
arrow and lithe as a bow. His broad 
open count' nance is wreathed in the 
smile of friendship when he meets an 
acquaintance or friend, and of the latter 
he commands hosts. He was educated 



H. L. VclICHT. 
This active and experienced fire laddie has been identified 
with the Newark fire department for more than twenty years, 
having joined Engine Company No. 2, and was assistant fore- 
man in the old department. In 1S81 he was made permanent 
driver of the company and in 1S84 he was transferred to the 
same position on Hook and Ladder Company No. 2. In July, 
1890, he was appointed captain, and ]5laced in command of 
Hook and Ladder Company No. 3, In 1S95 he was transferred 
to Hook and Ladder Company No. r.and in 1897 he was trans- 
ferred back to his present command. The speaking photo of 
Captain V'oight shows the manner of man he is, and his career 
and record in the department is a clean and honorable one. 

John B. Thorn. 
The name of this faithful and fearless fire laddie is worthy of 
mention ui connection with the Newark Fire Department, for 
more than a century he labored zealously for the promotion 




CAPTAIN HERMAN VOK.UL 



l-,s 



ESSEX CorXTY, X. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



Ill the Lafayette V ' 

member of the nl'l 

nienl ami few cnuKI malit' bctlcr lime in 
j;if ' '' f the did machine or "hit 'cr 
ii|v le vii;nr. and from 1874 tu 

ly of the Conunon 

C.' . s'jwark. reiMt^-.cni- 

inj; a part of ihc Iron liound Distrii 
During the war for tlir Union Mr. Grea' 
head volunteered liis services and ser\r 
as 1 ' ' in the 9lh New Jersi\ 

liii . K'T many years In- 

wa-s seti '111 f<'r 

a time \v , '■ On 

Ihe 4th of May. 1S96. the subject of this 
sketch was honored with the appointment 
to the secretaryship of the Board of Public 
Works, of wliich the veteran. William 
Slainsby, is president, and is occupying 
the position at this time with entire satis- 
faction to the board and honor to himself. 




LNGINE CO.Ml'.ANV NO. 1 1, COK. CLN 1 KAl, .\VK.\UK AM) Nl.N 111 .SI KKEl. 



J.AMKS \'. Hamlin. 
Captain James \'. Hamlin joined the department in May, 
1876. and served as assistant cn;jineer under Chief Bannan, 
haviiiy been appointed b> resolution of the Common Council 
January. 1SS4. He represented the people of the Fifth Ward 
in the Hoard of ,\ldermen (Uirinjj 18S5-6, and was appointed 
a lireman under the Commissioners. March 17th, 1890, being 
assigned to No. 5 Knginc Company. In the following July he 
was promoted to captain, and on March. 15th, 1897, he was 
lransferre<l to the charge of the new engine company. No. 14. 
located corner McWhorter and \'esey streets. An excellent 
(ihoto of Captain Hamlin is presented among the illustrations. 

Ex-KiKF, Chief Wiij.iam H. Brown. 
In no part of this beautiful souvenir work, Esse.v County. N. 
J., llUistrateil, will be found more painstaikng and faithful work 
than in those where the photographer has exercised that depth 
of knowledge and artistic skill which must needs be his, to 
crown his efforts with success before he attempts to exercise 
his vocation. Among these it is our pleasure to notice in the 
department given over to our t'lremen, some of these whose 



names have been so well known and familiar that a child could 
lisp them as they made the old " goose neck " jump, as harnessed 
in ropes they flew by, and the lads were proud to take a hand at 
the rope when their favorite was racing for fun and where 
victory was nigh. None of these ever made better pace than 
when the voice of Ex-Chief William H. Brown rang out on the 
evening, midnight or the cool morning air. to " hit 'er up boys, 
for fair." and " get her there," and we promise that no face will 
be studied with an interest more lasting, than that of him whom 
everybody delighted to call " Billy " Brown and when he was 
chief engineer, few there were indeed, in that old day when the 
volunteer firemen jumped at his call and fought fire, night or 
day, without fee or expectation of reward, but merely for play. 
While William H. Brown always had lime to chase down and 
fight the fire fiend, he was always ready to enact the roll of a 
good citizen, and more than once he has obeyed the clarion call 
of his duty and Essex County never had a more popular sheriff. 

Joseph E. Sloan. 
Joseph E. Sloan first joined the department in May, 1867. as 
a call man and was attached to Engine Co. No. 4. On the 
formation of Engine Co. No. 9. in 1873. Mr. Sloan was trans- 




'KN -liKCtASKIiJ, 



ferrcti to that company as driver 
of its hose cart. He was 
appointed driver of the engine 
in 1879 and remained in that 
position until the otTice of rap- 
lain was created in 1888. when 
he was promoted to that position 
.lud remained with engine No. 
9 until November, 1895. when 
he was transferred to the cap- 
taincy of his original company. 
No 4, where he is still serving 
An excellent photo of Captain 
Sloan appears among illustra- 
tions seen in this de|)artment of 
Essex County. N. J., illustrated. 
This gentleman is in the prime 
of life and few are better pre- 
served for duty, and in after 
years when lime has done its 
work and the roll called for the 
last lime, this will be a souvenir 
to his memory. 




EDWAKL) SIIICKIIAUS, K.X-tlKB CU.MMISSIUN bK. 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



159 



FIRE COMMISSIONERS. 




H' 



'ENRY R. BAKER, the presi- 
dent of the Fire Commission, 
is so thoroughly well known that 
little can be said in Essex Co., N. J., 
Illustrated, that will be new. Mr. 
Haker was a merchant and con- 
ducted business on a large scale, 
for many years, at the southwest 
corner of Nesbit and Newark 
streets. It was there he gathered 
that experience which did much to 
make him the firm and wide awakt- 
Ijusiness man that he is, and in all 
ihe years of his active busines> 
life since, it has left its impression 
on his life work. During the bus\ 
hours he spent at his desk ami 
behind the counter, he always found 
time to make those he came in 
contact with feel that there was a 
genius within him that forced a 

HE.XKY R. EAKEK, PRESIDENT FIKE COMMISSIONERS. reCOgllltion. So" thoi'OUghly Well 

was Henry R. Baker appreciated. 




HUGO MENZEL, HRE COMMISSIONER. 



his friends and neighbors sent him to council and for some time 
he represented his ward in that responsible body. When any 
work of more than ordinary importance came up in council, 
during his occupancy of the aldermanic chair, the name of 
Alderman Baker was one of the first to be called, and it can be 
said that in the daily routine of duty he did yeoman service, and 
whenever it fell to his lot to perform extra duty, he was always 
at his post. Several times the name of Henry R. Baker has 
been used in connection with the mayoralty nomination. Mr. 
Baker is now and has been for several years past, superin- 
tendent of the New York and New Jersey Telephone Company. 
The term of President Baker, as a fire commissioner, will 
terminate in 1S98. 

No other name among the Fire Commissioners deserves a 
better mede of praise and marks a higher place on the pillar 
upon which the deeds where well done are emblazoned, than 
John Illingworth. To few other men is a deeper debt of 



gratitude due from his fellow citizens for utilitarian deeds con- 
summated and maintained, than Fire Commissioner Illingworth. 
For many long years Mr. Illingworth has been engaged in the 
work of manufacturing steel, that beautiful metal which has 
been so closely allied to the mighty skein of industries which the 
great army of citizens, have been winding and unwinding, chang- 
ing and interchanging for so many years with marvelous and 
satisfying results. To John Illingworth is due the honor of 
a moulding form, in use by moulders, to largely multiply the 
values put upon it by preventing through the interposition of 
this result of his genius, the unhappy results which might other- 
wise accrue. Perhaps to no other single mechanic in Newark is 
pointed the finger of hope with more significance, with the 
single exception possibly, of inventor, Seth Boyden. 

To insure the very best results from the combined action of 
the four men selected by his honor, the Mayor, with the aid and 
consent of the Board of .Aldermen, extraordinary good care is 




JOHN ILLINGWORTH, FIRE COMMISSIONER. 



taken in their selection and election, 
whether men to fill the places in 
the commission are taken from the 
insurance part of the field direct, or 
from that part where the fire 
fighters do the finest part of their 
waltzing, where the fire rages the 
fiercest, men thoroughly up in 
cither department must be found. 
But when those two distinguished 
citizens, Mr. Henry C. Rommell, 
representing the interests of the 
Citizen's Insurance Company, of 
.\'ew York, and Mr. Hugo Menzel, 
representing the interests of the 
(lerman Fire Insurance Company, 
ilso of New York, but both gentle- 
men having their offices, as seen, in 
thecity of Newark, and both proving 
exceptionally good men for the 
places. As we have just said 
what we feel, that the fire depart 
ment of the city has few equals 
and no superiors, the amount of 




HENRV C. ROMMELI., FIRE COMMISSIONER. 



IGO 



ESSEX corxrr, x. j., illustrated. 




skill rcqiii'-ilc lo secure the tire dciiart- 
iiienl iiiighl have been found in men 
who have no lomparison when placed 
beside ihe men we are proud of and 
whom we deli^'ht to honor, and who 
ive succeeded in placing Newark 
. .le Department in clock work order, 
.uui then in keepinj; it there. In say- 
ing this we trust the laddies who tug 
the machine or turn the pi|)e with 
surest aims on the shining mark, will 
treasure no one wdhI of resentment 
lor the simple reason that not one 
word is deserved, since we believe the 
Newark tire ladilies beat all creation. 

THE SALVAGE CORPS 



M.\l;i-l,:i L. Lil.\uL i.a.M.i, t.X 1 Ikl. i UM. 



spreading, etc., 
managed by the Salvage Corps, under the conmiand of Captain 
Meeker and his assistants, who nund)er fourteen able-bodied. 
an<l a thorough well equipped body they are, ready and always 
willing helpers. The roster of this unsurpassed body of ever 
ready lire t'lend t'lghlers, properly protectors and loss savers 
stands as follows: Superintendent Captain Fiacis J. Meeker, 
.Assistant .Superinlendtnt Henry C. Marsh. Charles A. Cam- 
field, Augustus J. Krook. James II. KIkins, Joseph G. Thomas, 
(icorge J. Hamburger, Albert I'. Hedden. (icorge W. Scheis, 
Charles .\. Slagg, Herbert N. Brand and William H. Fredericks. 
These men are always a standing menace to fires and ready 
ever to plunge into the thickest and engage in the earliest part 
of the light. To r.dly round and with strong arms stretched 
out where the smoke is the thickest and re.ady to spead the 
broad aegis of their power where the bright genius of chemis- 
try leads ihe advance and beckons them on to where the monster 
fiend with leelh of fire is gnawing deep, to s])read their huge 
blankets and offer <leliance to both water and fire, warding off 
the down pour of ihi- former after doing its work, saying " as 



MON'ti the improved melh<idsiK)t 
only in fire fighting, but also in 
ing, l&ss and damage 
preventing, first and foretnost are the 
small chemical engines, tarpaulin 
as conducted and 

by your kindly favor 



/r\ only i 
gcods sav 
preventing. 




110K.\Cli H. HKOWN, SECKETAKV IlKK COM. 




and his men on the scene pkaced more 
than seventy-five per cent, of thegoods 
out of danger from smoke or water, 
business going on the next day as 
though nothing had happened. Two 
pairs of those extra fine horses for 
which the fire department is noted 
stand ready always to be off like the 
rays from a shooting star, halting only 
long enough under the drop to get 
ilieir harness. .An aflernoon or even- 
ing visit to Ihe beautiful home of the 
Salvage Corps will largely pay any 
one interested, where men devise and 
use a great variety of implements an<l 
things to ligluen his own burthens 
.111(1 make others less onerous to bear. 
■ tie elegant parlors of the captain 
d his men are handsomely furnished, 
d in making them beautiful and 
ixurous much needed help came 
from friends. Their libr.iry is one of 
the best of its kind in the State. 



to the bright little steam fire engine, 
pufling and snorting close by and jiouring forth through the 
long, strong rubber hose, the boys meanwhile its ball-nozzle 
guiding, seldom hearing, and less often heeding, the coarse fire 
trumpet orders, " Turn Off " At their commodious house, 227 
W.ishington street, stand ready prepared and wailing the call 
to duty, their arms, consisting of two huge trucks, each full 
laden with great blankets and still greater tarpaulins, to spread 
over counters and store goods and perishable |)roperty anywhere 
w-here a conflagration is raging or promises any where near. 
Since the organization of the Salvage Corps, over which Captain 
Meeker presides, several million of dollars which has been 
imperilled and much of which in all probability, would have 
been destroyed, and a large percentage of which could not have 
been saved except in an injured slate, was saved and turned 
over to their owuers in good condition. Cases well known to 
the writer could be cited where a conflagration had been under 
way in stores filled with goods for many minutes and became 
filled with smoke, which the timely appearance of the captain 




KOUKRT KIKKSTKAIJ, ClIIKF KNGINKEK, N. F. I). 



THE PRESS OF ESSEX COUNTY. 




^^^HE Newark Daily Advertisfr had its birth on 
Thursday, March i, 1832, and was the first 
daily newspaper pubhshed in New Jersey. The 
IHiblishers were George Bush & Co., and the 
editor was Amzi Armstrong, a young lawyer, 
who was assisted by John P. Jackson. The 
Advertiser was Whig in its politics. The popu- 
lation of Newaik in 1832 was only about 15,000. 
Business methods were primitive, and newspaper advertising 
almost unknown. A single firm in Newark, now pays more in a 
year for advertising in the Daily Advertiser, than was obtained 
for a similar period liy the paper in the first years of its his- 
tory, for all its advertising. 

Changes and improvements came in time. Mr. Armstrong 
retired from the editorship, aud was succeeded by William H. 
Kinney as editor and proprietor. James B. Pinneo entered into 
partnership with him, and was business manager. Mr. Pinneo 
subsequently withdrew, and M. S. Harrison took his place on 
the Advertiser. Upon the death of Mr. Harrison, Mr. Kinney 
became sole proprietor. The Daily Advertiser began to grow 
in value and mfluence. In 1851, Mr. Kinney was sent to 
Sardinia as American Minister. He died in 18S0, having previ- 
ously transferred the pa]ier to his son, Thomas T. Kinney. 
When the Whig party died, the Daily Advertiser became 
Republican. Its editor for many years after the war was Dr. 
Sandford B. Hunt, who was succeeded, upon his death, by Dr. 
Noah Brooks. In 1S92. Thomas T. Kinney transferred the 

paper to 
a CO m - 
pany con- 
sisting of 
himself, 
Franklin 
Murphy, 
John F. 
I ) r y den 
and Dr. 
Leslie D. 
Ward. 

Messrs. 
M u rph y 
and Kin- 
ney with- 
drew, and 
in March, 
1895, the 
pa per was 
purchas- 
etl by a 
syndicate 
represent- 
ed by Dr. 
D. Hun- 
ter McAl- 
pin, Al- 
fred L. 
NEWARK DAILY ADVEKMSER BUILDING. Dennis 





and Frederick Evans, Jr. The location of the Daily Advertiser 
was at this time changed from the southeast corner of Broad 
and Market, to the commodious building 794 Broad Street. The 
last important change in the management, was effected in May, 
1896, in the purchase and editorial control of the paper by 
.Sheffield Phelps, son of the late William Walter Phelps. Under 
the vigorous management of Mr. Phelps, who is also one of the 
proprietors of the Jersey City Journal, the Daily Advertiser 
very soon began to regain its old-time prestige and infiuence, 
and as the only Republican paper in Newark, its prosperity was 
assured. Under its new management, and in the \\ell-e(iuipped 
plant, presented here, it will continue to win iis way. 

The Sentinel of Freedom, the weekly edition of \\w. Daily 
Advertiser, had its centennial anniversary Dctober 5, 1896- 
The first number was issued on the fifth of October, 1796, by 
Daniel Dodge, printer, and Aaron Pennington, editor. Three 
years afterwards the paper was accpiired by Jabez Parkhurst 
and Samuel Pennington. A \ear afterwards Stephen Gould 
acquired Parkhurst 's interest, and in 1803 the paper was bought 
by William Tuttle & Co., who afterwards sold it to the Daily 
Advertiser. The Sentinel was the second weekly paper to be 
published in Newark, and was among the first to be published 
in the State. There are hundreds of old New Jersey families 
with whotn the Sentinel has been a regular visitor for genera- 
tions. 



IG2 



ESSEX COrXTY, X J., ILLUSTRATED 



.vVS. 



lllr 



THE NEWARK EVENhnv.- 

SINCK its first issue. Septemlxr i. iSS 
record of the .\Wvir-t fir/.'/V;^' -Wrcjlias Ijecn 
one of consla.it and rapid ki-owi1i. Slaitin>; with 
,,.u- eilitinn nf about 3.000 copies, run off on a little 
prcs- • priming only one side of 3.600 sheets 

a„ li, iper has in thirteen years attained a 

dailv circulation of 39.ooo. This is the largest 
circulation ever attained by any other New Jersey 
d.iilv newspaper. 

In the tenth year of its career the owners of the 
Evfiiin^r .Vrt£.j' purchased the fine double building 
at Nos.\i5-2i7 Market Street, nearly (he whole of 
which is devoted to its use. Here it has an equip- 
ment by far surpassing that of any other New 
Jersey newspaper. 

It has two great Hoe presses, made to the order 
of the publishers. One is a sextuple press capable 
of prinling, cutting and folding 72.000 four, six or 
eight page papers. 4S.000 ten or twelve page papers, 
36.000 sixteen p-ige or 24.000 fourteen, twenty or 
twenty-four page papers an hour. The other is a 
([uadruple press, having two-thirds the capacity of 
its companion on most sized papers. Together the 
two will piint 1 20.000 four, six or eight page papers. 
72.000 ten or twelve page papers. 48.000 fourteen 
page, and 60.000 sixteen l)age pajiers an hour. 

This splendid press-room equipment is the sixth put in 
to meet the necessities imposed by the growth of the 
Nc.vs. The little press first put up in the cellar of the 
building No. 844 Broad Street, proved in a very few 
months inadequate to meet the demands upon it, and 
was replaced by another with a capacity of I 2,000 copies 
an hour. Only four-page papers were printed then, it being neces- 
sary, when eight-page ones were needed, to print two sheets se]!- 

a r ,1 1 e 1 y 
and fol 
them to- 
g e t h e r. 
in a year 
or t w o 





NEW.VKK KVKNING SEWS BUILDING. 



this press was in turn rei)laced by another of double its capacity, and 
using stereotype plates. This soon proved unequal to its duties, and 
was followed by still another, the capacity again being doubled. That 
press, the last used in the I5road Street building, was capable of only 
half the work which can be done by the quadruple, or one-third that 
which can be done by the sextuple jiress. 

Long before its removal to Market .Street, the Neios had outgrown 
its old quarters. Additions had been made to the building, No. 844. 
and the upper tloors of the one adjoining. No. 846, had been leased 
and used. In the Evening Ne-ws building all the de|)artnients of the 
paper find ample accommotlations. 

Closely connected with the press-room is a complete stereotyping 
apparatus. The presses are run and power for other work is furnished 
by a double fifty horse power engine. The building is lighted through- 
out by electricity, the entire plant being owned and operated by the 
Nnvs. 

The number of men employed in the composing room of the iVirri > 
is far in excess of that working on any other New jersey newspaper. 
In all its departments the same fact holds good. It does more work 
.ind em|)loys more men to do it than any of its State contemporaries. 

From the beginning, the Evening News has been under the same 
management. Wallace M. Scudder is the publisher and Henry 
Abbott Steel is the editor. William Hooper Howells is the manager 
of the advertising department. Russell P. Jacoby was first city editor. 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



163 



NEW JERSEY FREIE ZEITUNG. 

TPIIS, the leading German newspaper in New Jersey, was 
established in the year 1858, by Benechct i'rieth. The 
paper had existed for some years previous to this time, under 
the name Ne^c Jersey Zei/ung-, and was owned and edited 
by Major Annecke, who died m the early 8o's. When Benedict 
Prieth purchased tlie property of the New Jersey Zeitu/is;-. 
the entire plant consisted of a few fonts of type, and an old- 
fashioned hand press, capable of printing a few hunched sheets 
per hour. The circulation of the A'eiu Jersey Zeitting in 
those days was about 400, and there was not as much reading 
matter in its columns as tliere is on one of the eight pages of 
the New Jersey Freie Zeititng of to-day. Mr. Prieth at first 
had only one assistant in the literary department of the paper, 
and this gentleman was often compelletl to take a hand at run- 
ning the press. The first large increase in circulation was 
experienced during the Civil War. when the loyal German 
citizens.of Newark were anxious to hear the latest news from 
the scene of war. From that time on the paper has steadily 
grown, owing to the large emigration from Germany to this 
country. Mr. Prieth died in 1879, and the management of the 
paper has changed hands several times since then. At the 
present day, 1897, the New Jersey Freie Zeitung, with its own 
handsome building at 75 .Market Street, and its splendidly 
equipped plant, produces a paper, which from a literary and 
typographical point of view cannot be excelled by any German 
paper in America, The Daily and Sunday Freie Zeitung cir- 
culates chiefly in Newark and Essex County, while the remain- 
der of the German population of New Jersey is reached by the 
Weekly edition. That the Ft eie Zeitung has the confidence 
of the business world of Newark, is amply demonstrated by the 
fact that the advertisements of the most successful business 
men, regardless of nationality, are to be found in its columns. 
In politics the paper has always been independent, with a 
leaning towards Republican ideas and principles, and its great 
influence among the Germans of Newark is demonstrated by 
the fact that the Republican candidates in the city, county or 
state, have invariably been defeated whenever the Freie Zeitung 
has found it necessary to oppose either the candidates them- 
selves, or the platform on which they stood. Its fairness and 
straightforwardness in dealing with all the leading- questions of 
the dav, have won it the esteem and confidence of the Germans 

of Newark. 
O n the 
first floor of 
t h e N e %v 
Jersey Freie 
Z e i t u n g ' s 
large Imild- 
ing, the busi- 
ness depart- 
ment and the 
m an agers' 
pri\ate offi- 
ces are locat- 
ed. The Hoe 
perfecting 
presses and 
the sterotyp- 
ing depart- 
ment are in 
the cellar. In 
the front of 
the second 

BENEDICT PKIETH, FOUNDED. floOr the edi- 





NEW JERSEY FREIE ZEI'lUNG j'.l 1 1.1 H.N'I ; 



torial staff, 
and in the 
rear the re- 
portorial staf? 
have their 
quarters. 

The com- 
liosing room 
is on the top 
floor, a n d 
here are to 
be found five 
of the won- 
derful type- 
setting de- 
vices called 
Mergenthaler 
Linotype 
Machines. 

The heads 
of the various 
departments 
are a s fol- 
lows : Bene- 
dict Prieth, 
son of the 
late Benedict 
Prieth, Man- 
.ager ; Fred- 
erick Kuhn, 
Editor ; Emil 
Wenzel, As- 
sistant Editor; William Katzler, City Editor ; Frederick Fieg, 
Telegraphic Editor; Augustus Georger, Night Foreman of com- 
positors ; Gustave Wolber, Day Foreman of compositors ; 
Richard Taylor. Foreman of press-room. 

The New Jersey Freie Zeitung, in its various departments, 
employs a force of over fifty men. Its publications are as 
follows : A^ew Jersey Freie Zeitung, (Daily edition}, Der 
Erzaeliler, (Sunday edition), and Weekly Freie Zeitung. 

Special edition for Hudson County, with office at 80 Wash- 
ington Street, Hoboken, N. J., William Denstorff, Manager. 
This latter paper, although only two years old. has been wonder- 
fully successful, and is now the leading German paper in 
Hudson Co. The large German population of such flourishing 
cities as Jersey City, Hoboken, Bayonne, etc., is proud of this 
newlv established paper, knowing that it is devoted to the 
interests of the class of people which forms the bulk of its 
subscribers. The paper is ably managed _ by Mr. William 
Denstorff. 

It is the proud boast of the proprietors of the New Jersey 
Freie Zeitung that the four papers which they publish, viz.: 
the New Jersey Freie Zeitung, (daily), Der Erzaeliler. (Sun- 
day), the weekly and special edition for Hudson County, abso- 
lutely cover the German population of New Jersey, and that 
this belief is shared by the advertising public, is demonstrated 
by the fact that many of the largest business houses in the 
State advertise in \\\<tNew Jersey Freie Zeitung' s publications 
alone, to the exclusion of all the other German papers in the 
State, knowing that thereby they reach the entire German speak- 
ing population of New Jersey. 

The illustrations shown on this page, represents the Freie 
Zeitung building, which has been lately improved with a new 
brown stone front, making one of the neatest newspaper plants 
in the city of Newark, and a life-like photo of its Founder. 



hi4 



ESSEX COrXTY, X. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



T 



NEW ^ ' " "REAT SUNDAY 

HK SiiiiUtiy t'.f// WIS til St published in May. 
iS;2. at\(l a little more than a year later it 
became the property of William A l^re and 
l.imes \V. Schoch. Their capital was principally 
their iiidefati;;able labor, their knowledije o( the 
business and their faith in the future of the 
• wspaper. Much opposition was en- 
and there was prejudice to l)e over- 
. ..me. 1 lie fact was soon apparent, however, that 
ilu- SiiHi/iiY (".»// w.is Independent, l)Ut not neu- 
tr.il; that it u.is clean and fair ; that it was de- 
votecLlo Newark and I'.ssex County interests, and 
sought to secure the best government for the 
petple. .md the paper's circulation increased 
from a few hundred to thousands, and adver- 
tisers soon made it a favorite medium. It has 
jjrowii with the growth of Newark, and is now 
one of the great Sunday newspapers of the 
countr\. Messrs. G. W. Thornc, William T. 
Hunt. Louis Mannoch and U. C. McDougall 
bec.iine members of the firm a few years ago. 
Mr. Hunt is editor. Mr, Thome associate editor, 
.ind Mr. llannoch business manager. 

The Siindiiy Oill. although pid)lished once a 
week, has all the etpiipment and facilities of a 
daily newspaper, lis ofllces .ii ro4 Market 



pr 



THE 5UNDAYCALL 






^,9i^M!&^^^^mi^ 



a m 



5^ 




SKWAKK SISllW CM 1. lO'll.l'l 



Street are convenient, and its presses, composing room and news methods art 
modern and etTicieiit. Il publishes from twenty to twenty-four pages each Sunda\ . 
and to each issue scores of writers contribute. The weekly cost of production is 
equal to that of many daily newspapers. Among its occasional contributors are 
eininent clergymen, lawyers, physicians and business men of the city and vicinity, 
licsides a number of bright women writers. Its advertising columns are filled by 
representative houses, and its " cent a word " Jiage is a market of industrial activity 
in itself. The Sunday Cn/l \s read each Sunday by at least 100,000 persons, and it 
is as much a favorite with one member of the family as another. 

While giving general news, but particularly the news of Newark and neighbor- 
ing towns, the paper has special departments devoted to lodges and social societies, 
sports, the public schools, building and loan associations, women's clubs, whist, 
chess and checkers, local politics, churches, and the building interests of the city. 
I( seeks to promote every worthy cause in which the people of New Jersey, and 
espeii.dly those of Newark, are concerned. 

The Sunday Call is printed from linotype machines upon a three-tiered press 
of largest capacity, and has adopted every approved measure for increasing the 
elliciency of its plant. Its influence has been recognized throughout this section 
as potent for good, and its appeal is successfully made to the thinking and prac- 
tical people of the State. It is identified with every interest of the community in 
which it is published. 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



165 



NEW JERSEY DEUTSCHE ZEITUNG. 

THE New Jersey Deutsche Zeitung was founded on April 
12, 1880, by Dr. E. H. Makk, Editor-in-Chief, and Joseph 
Knorr, Manager of the Ni-7V Jersey Freie Zeitung. Tlie 
scheme of the new nernian daily was matured in the residence 
of the late J. J. Hockenjos, a sturdy and brave battler for 
opinion's sake, whose figure and actions are fresh memories 
with all who used to attend the Board of Trade meetings. 
With Mr. Hockenjos were associated as first promoters, Mrs. 
Kimmerle, a woman of superior brain power and character, who 
has long successfully conducted her own dual business, that 
of milliner and florist. 

At this time a great many oUl German Republicans liad 
become sour and sore on the Freie Zeitung. and tlie new 
German daily was warmly welcomed by them. It was Repub- 
lican on general politics, but straight-out Democratic in local 
affairs. In the early fall of 18S0, Dr. Makk withdrew altogether 
and went to Rochester, where he still edits the Rochester 
Volksblatt. Mr. Knorr now took entire management of the 
paper. Charles Voelcker, an e.xperienced German Democratic 
journalist, who had served on the old-time Volksinann with 
Major Franz Umbscheiden, took the editorial helm, with Mr. 
Louis Dannenberg as his associate and chief of the city de- 
partment. In the general election that year the paper supported 
General Hancock for President and George C. Ludlow for 
Governor. Mr. Knorr gave his life to his work of building up 
the paper. He was at it day and night, Sundays as well as 
week days. He was a first-class business man and secured for 
the paper a full and liberal line of advertising. His devotion 
to his work, and his decided business talents inspired confidence, 
not only among business men, but among men like Gottfried 
Krueger and others, who aided him financially in the start. 

His labors told in the success that crowned them. He took 
a lease of the paper, from the stockholders, for fifteen years, and 
before long was able to wipe out all indebtedness and estab- 
lished the paper 
on a handsome 
pa\ ing basis. 

First among 
those who are 
entitled to 
special credit 
for their services 
in helping Mr. 
Knorr to make 
t li e Deiitsclie 
Zeitung t h e 
great success 
it is, are M r. 
Louis Dannen- 
berg, the ac- 
complished and 
e.Nperienced, yet 
withal modest 
and retiring, 
German journal- 
ist, and Mr. Emil 
Kraeutler, who 
got his business 
I r a i n i n g first 
under the eye 
cif his uncle, Mr. 
Hockenjos, and 
next under that 

N. J. DEUTSCHE ZEITUNG I!UII,U1N-G. of Mr. Kuorr. 



3Vtwark Tribiinc. 




tM.,.Mi |c;r.--i. 


s^r-'^ls'-;-: 


■ '-Ti 
































;r^r:r:cr— 

























Tfvcw Mvfoij 



PeutfcOc 3cUuna 




JrSfi;'H;.r::" 




tlcl.phunjiciift 



Messrs. Dan- 
nenberg and 
Kraeutler 
are the man- 
agers of the 
paper. They 
have follow- 
ed in the 
lines laid 
down by Mr. 
Knorr, and 
are pushing 
the paper 
along more 
])rosperously 
than ever. 

In its new 
quarters the 
D e u t s e /i e 
Zeitung has 
the fullest 
facilities to 
.get out a first 
class local 
paper, one 
that is a great 
credit alike 
to its man- 
agers and all 

connected , - S-JtSI 

with it, and ■/-,.-:-; - _ ■ . pSlSSIZ 

to the Ger- ''" ' " ' .■- • --- "•'"■^ 

man reading 

people of Newark ; a good, clean, live, bright and welcome 
visitor to the house ; likewise a strong and sterling battler for 
true Democracy, the Democracy of Jefferson and the founders of 
the Republic. 

Others besides Messrs. Dannenberg and Kraeutler, who 
have done good work on the paper, helping to make it all it is, 
are the late Oscar von Joeden, a fine writer and a good orator, 
in the threads of whose life are woven a romance of the heart, 
which may not be spoken of here, and who, like the immortal 
Swift, rotted out at the top ; the late Charles Voelcker, already 
spoken of, as kind a soul as ever lived. The present editor is 
Mr. Carl Meyer. 

As an advertising medium, the Deutsclie Zeitung is of great 
value. It reaches the homes of the German population of 
Newark and Essex County. On January I, 1897, the lease with 
the late Mr. Joseph Knorr expired, and from that date the 
paper was put under the control of the Board of Directors. 
Among them are, Mr. G. Krueger. Mr. Elias Berla, Mr. Ed- 
Schickhaus, Mr. F. L. Feind, Mr. Chas. L. Walter, Mr. Louis 
Dannenberg and Mr. Emil Kraeutler. The paper will in 
the future, as in the past, strictly adhere to true Democratic 
principles in national and state affairs, while in the county and 
local affairs, it will support the best candidates, irrespective of 
party. 

Karl G. Meyer, editor of the Deutsclie Zeitung. is well known 
and highly esteemed by the people of this city. He ranks 
among the brightest of the German-American journalists of 
Essex County, and as a graceful writer and critic, has few 
superiors. By hard work and perseverance he has succeeded in 
placing the paper on a solid basis, as its improved literary char- 
acter, and the fine press as well as all the other necessary 
adjuncts that go to make an efficient newspaper plant show. 



hit; 



j:ssh:\' cncxTV. x. j.. iLLrsrhWTED. 



THE NEWARK PIONIER 

Tlli> pi; ' 1. 1 t.criii.in Weekly, was founded in 1SS5. by tlie 
ri..i,i.r riil.li^liiii'^' Company, and from its start Mr. 
Kr.iDcis V. 'nt editor and piililislicr, becanit-' 

l.dilor anil 1 jr. In I SS7, the I'ionier Publishing 

Company ilissulvc(i, ami the paper bi-canic the property of F. K. 
Aldir \ Co., who have successfully published the same for 
eleven vears. The I'ionier is strictly a family paper, and cir- 
, ;■ " .imong the old Cerciian residents of the City 

, ■ si:iie of New Icrsev. and enjoys in a marked 

,; people. 

■ r, .Mr. K. li. Adler, is the old- 
, (German printer in the .State of New Jersey. He 

In . , iH^ii,,.n on the tlrst Cierman newspaper ever published 
m ihe .Stale, the Xciv Jtrsev Slaals Courier, established in 
Ntuiik. 1S51. lie aflerwar<l became foreman of \\\i! Xeivark 
/.filutt:^ and Xnv Jersey Freie Zeiluitir. remaining in this 
posiiinn until iS,!^ He then went to Albany, New York, and 
c-.iablished the d.iily Albany Iteolmchler, a p.iper which 
fouyht enthusiastically for the election of Abraham Lincoln. 

Mr A<ller enlisted in 1861, in the 9th Regiment, New Jersey 
X'olunteets, and rose to the rank of Lieutenant, on several 
uci.isions romm.->nding his company with great credit. Near 
the close of the war he w as employed by the Commissary Depart- 
ment of the .Vrmy of the Potomac at AlexaTidria. Va.. and at 
the close of the war returned to Newark, and resumed his 
profession. In 187:. Mr. Adler became editor of the Washing- 
loii, D. C. Journal, remaining in his position until 1878. Once 
more he rclurneil to Newark, and became connected with the 
Heolhielitet am Passaic. When the Pionier was established it 
was but natural that Mr. .Vdler. as the oldest German journalist 
anrl practical printer in the Stale, should become its editor, and 
he has since then devoted his entire lime to this journal and (he 
job oOice connected therewith. Mr. Adler is prominently 
connected with the Newark I'ionier Society and the Gottfried 
Krueger I'lonicr Greisenheim, (Old People's Home), which 
insiitution justly merits the clislinclion of being the best of its 
kind in the I'niled States: a noble charity, indeed. 

Mr. .Ailler is a jovial, kind-hearted man, justly popul.ir w jth 
all if the truly cosmopolitan population of Newark, 

h'i : been induced to accept public ollice of any kind. 

lie \\.o burn in the Grand Duchy of liaden, and emigrated to 
this cotintrv in Inlv. iS;o, .iftir he had taken part in the revolu- 
tionary war of 



ffim »i*^#??"jfr. '-:Ts?~^^s7'k 



^^^m.^i^ ^^f^M ^ 



i—"''?^"l^aSjg&-JS^-i¥. 






STttuarti^lfeS^lotiict 



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li;n» U9fttiffiei. 



^onof T^uf^ufl 



L. Bambere«r d Co. ~ 
2tf rn(\cfd>cnfl ! 

cirisi. E^m. llT6^^aSL■.- 




-, .eirr Citictr, 

rj.^-":--- »|tpc--»crfaiif 



'{ P P I 



W. V. SNYDER h CO.. 



I ^•i'^.^ll^afjlduf. 



n>ic rr n?dd>fll 












I * ' — rt* 9fU • >!■ I* 3^ ■• (h 



'" '■'■"I^T.-A'.'^^'^' 





3 M«>4' 



S'3r 



1 1 riucf in 1(111! i^t ■ 



COtKCm UtCADC 
a% fini|i.n<.' wi l^ «» 2U 



I'JIl,.. LcMBBS^— — i*H " ■ ■ 




849. when quite a boy. 
He took refuge in France with a large 
number of comrades after the revolution- 
ary movement had been su]ipressed In 
the Prussian army under the cominand of 
the Crown Prince of Prussia, the late 
Kinperor William I, of Germany. 

Fr.ink C. Adler. the son of the pub- 
lisher of the Newark Pionier. has been 
connected with the establishmentt for a 
number of years, and has charge of the 
press-room, and attends besides to the 
out-door business of the concern, collect- 
ing bills, soliciting advertisements, etc. 
He was formerly a member of the State 
Militia, anil held the position of Color- 
be.irer in the Fifth Kegiment. 

'I he illustrations presented on this 
page are life-like engravings of Messrs. 
.■\<ller and son. who are well and favor- 
ably known to the people of Newark, and 
their paper is a welcoined guest. 



-i;^>"|.^'E«a»t| j"...j£ 



m^ \ 



.) 



^^ 



IRANK C. ADLKR, lli;slNESS MANACJKK. 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



167 









THE ORANGE VOLKSBOTE. 

THE first numl)er of this paper was printed on a Washington hand- 
press, and issued on October 5, 1S72. Its publisher, 
August Erdmann, a printer by trade, soon recognized the fact that 
he had to take an able writer as editor of his paper, as he alone could 
not attend to all the work, and therefore associated himself with Mr. 
Louis Darnstaedt. Week by week, not only the number of readers 
and subscribers increased, but one column after the other had to be 
filled with advertisements. Politically, the Orange Volksbote advo- 
cated democratic principles, and its influence upon the German popu- 
lation has been felt more than once. During the official term of Mr. 
Henry Egner. as Mayor of Orange, the Volksbote vi^% designated as 
one of the corporation papers which published the city's advertisements 
ordinances, etc. 

After the death of its founder, August Erdmann, the Orange Volks- 
bote changed hands. On November i, 1891, it was bought by its 
present owner, Ernest Temme. The paper had been neglected by its 
late proprietor on account of sickness, and when it was sold, the once 
prosperous paper was in a most pitiable condition, to say nothing 
about press, type and the other material necessary to make up a 
paper. The new owner at once replaced the hand-press with a Camp- 
bell country press, bought new body type, and then started on hard 
up-hill work. By the aid of his son, Fred. G. Temme who has since 
become manager of the \'clk!bote, the paper has not only regained its 
old stand-point but is now one of the most-read weekly papers in 
Essex County. Its circulation is steadily increasing, and the best 
business houses in Newark have their advertisements in its columns. 
The Orange Volksbote \i to-day a seven-column twelve-pnge paper 
and a well-liked friend in the homes of German families in the 
Oranges and miles around. 

As the Volksbote does not go to press before Saturday morning, 
its columns contain all the news of the week up to that time. This 
enables the Vdksbote, unlike the other Orange paper, to bring happen- 
ings of late Friday night and early Saturday morning, and make it really 
a Saturday noon paper, which is appreciated by all its readers for some 
of whom the Volksbote is its only Sunday associate. On October 5, 
1897, the Volksbote will issue an anniversary number, it being twenty- 
five years that the Volksbote has been issued, with more or less diffi- 
culty. This anniversary number will contain a complete history of 
the paper, together with illustrations of interest in and about 
Orange, and consist of at least twenty-four pages. 

In the job printing department the latest faces of types have been 

added, which enables the Volksbote to 
turn out most any job, especially society 
work, which forms its main feature. Its 
place of publication is located at No. 26 
Day Street, near Main. 

The illustrations presented on this page 
are life-like photos of Mr. E. Temme and 
son. Editor and Manager of the Orange 
Volksbote. The former is a well-knowti 
citizen of Orange, and has been identi- 
fied with the press of Essex County for 
more than a quarter of a century. Mr. 
Temme is happily situated in having so 
able a son to assist him in sharing the 
burden of his enterprising profession in 
the closing years of his active business 
career. 

Mr. Fred. G. Temme, who is now 
the business manager, is a practical printer 
by trade, with a thorough knowledge of 
the profession, and devotes his time to 
furthering the interests of the paper and 
EKNEsr TEMME, EDITOR. perfecting the job printing department. 









CHARLES F CARSON 






(Orange 



Cotb^batc. 




,.SSSK5a» 





FKEU. G. TKMME. BUSINESS MA.NAGEK. 



li:s 



/•ss/:.v corxTV. x. ./.. illustrated. 



SONNTAGSBLATT. 



THIS the l..,.;i'„ '..tmaii luwspapcr u( OranHf. \vas islab- 
lishid in 1S83. as a in.lcptiulcnl Democratic newspaper, by 
August Koehlrr. In 1.SS7. the paper was enlar^-ed from tour 
.0 eiKhl pages. Tl.e popularity of the paper increased from 
vc-ar to ycar.an.l its circulation evtcn.ls fron> the Oranges to 
,11 overF.ssex County. Business people were not slow in 
recov-ni/ing the value of the (V,„^,v S.n„/.,,^s.--/.,U. an.l adver- 
tisers tron, the Oranges, fro.n Newark an.l New York engaged 
-.pace for their advertisements, which compelled Mr. Koehler, 
,he enterprising editor and publisher, to still further enlarge the 
paper and make it a ten page paper in 1890. 

In the year .891. the Or,./;-^ So„>,/..^si/af/ ssAS designated 
l.v r^overnor Leon .M.etl. State Treasurer George R. Gray and 
C..mptroller William C. Heppenheimer as one of the oflicial 
papers of the Stale of New Jersey, thereby becoming also the 
oir.cial organ of the lioard of Chosen Freeholders of the 
Countvof Essex. Mr. Koeler. the proprietor and publisher of 
the Sonnla^shUUI. was born in Cologne on the Rhine. Germany. 
July 18. 1852. Me settled in Orange in 1869. and by hard work, 
grit and perseverance, has made a success in life. He enjoys 
a great popularity and is well known all over the State, taking 
great interest in political and society matters. Although 
having refused so far all political honors, he is a well known 
,«:rsonage in Trenton during the sessions of the Legislature, 
always rea.ly to help his friends with whatsoever power and 
influence he can obtain. 

Hcfore establishing his own paper, he was connected as 
correspondent of the Xnv York- Journal.^ German daily 
newspaper, that had hundreds of subscribers in the Oranges as 
long as Mr. Koehler interested himself in it. In May, 1896, Mr. 
Kochler established a paper in the interest and for the elevation 
of the liquor trade. It is a bright monthly sheet, and is anxi- 
<,usly :ea<l by all men in the trade. Mr. Koehler turned the 
business management of the OlTicial Journal of the State Liquor 
Dealors League of New Jersey, over to Mr. A. Schlesinger, in 
Jersey City, but assumed full editorial control. In 1896, during 
the J'rcsidential campaign, the Or,iiii;e Soniilagsblall, fearless 
of .all political afTdiations, came out for the Presidential Republi- 
can candidates, McKinlcy and Ilobart; honest money and 
protection to the American industries. 

In an editorial on July 1 3. Mr. Koehler explained the stand 

his paper was to 
take in the the poli- 
tical contest, stating 
that although a 
Democrat to the 
back-bone, it w.as 
impossible for him 
to support the Chi- 
cago platform and 
nominees, but as far 
as the Stale tickets 
were concerned, the 
(h(i/ij;f Sontilitgs- 
bliilt was to remain 
true to its princi- 
ples and doctrines, 
striitly Democratic. 
The genial, gen- 
einusand courteous 
w ays of Mr. 
Koehler, have won 
for him a host of 
oiM.i.k AM, Ki.irok. 'riends. Having 







V^_ 












(Drangc Ron nie. (igblatl 



«■«■& a«Mn 



«, j« p«B< ^•I, CTa»«i. " 3- 















r.:. 





















been an active worker in the Democratic ranks for years, he is 
connected with the Joel I'arker Association of Newark, a mem- 
ber of the German-English School Society of Orange, and a mem- 
ber of the U. G. S. H. Sharpshooters of New Jersey, of which 
he has been repeatedly elected President. He also belongs to 
Orange Lodge, No. 135. Benevolent and Protective Order of 
Elks, and several other charitable organizations. Singing 
Societies, and to the German Press Club of New York. 

He was for a number of years an active and energetic member 
in the Executive Board of the Lic|Uor Dealers' League, having 
served two years as their State Secretary, and at their convention 
in Hoboken, 1892. was elected State President at the conventions 
held in I'alerson, 1894. and in Newark, i8g6, he was unani- 
mously re-elected with great enthusiasm. Mr. Koehler was 
elected as one of the Vice-Presidents of the National Retail 
Liquor Dealers' Association of the United States, at the con- 
vention held in Washington. D. C. He was chiefly instru- 
mental in organizing the State thoroughly for the Liquor 
Dealers' Slate League of New Jersey, and his efforts were so 
highly appreciated, that at the convention held in Paterson, 
Senator Daly, on behalf of the Hoboken Inn Keepers' Associ- 
.11 ion, presented him with a very handsome jewel holding a 
diamond star, the design of which is a masterpiece of art. 



^SSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



169 




WHEN, in July 1S95, Messrs. Burke and Beyer, the young men whose 
1 




E. 13URKK. 



portraits appear on this page, assumed the ownership and manage- 
ment of To7i/n Talk, the paper was rounding out the sixth year of its 
existence. At that time the publication was issued from No. 251 Market 
street and was printed by William A. Baker, at considerable cost per 
week, to its new proprietors. Less than eighteen months after securing 
control of Town Talk, the present owners made a new home for the 
bright and sparkling weekly at No. 249 Market street, from which address 
it is now issued. The plant is thoroughly equipped for job printing. 
A large and carefully selected stock of type, without doubt the finest 
assortment of any house in the State, which was essential to meet the 
artistic and diversified requirements of the advertising pages and other 
departments of the paper, and such other paraphernalia and fixtures indis- 
pensable to the office of a publication, conducted on the modern and 
strictly up-to-date ideas that characterize Town Talk, were in shape 
when the publishers installed the paper in its present abode. Few estab- 
lishments now excel it. Being next door to the " old stand," yet entirely 
severed from ties that formerly bound it, Tojvn Talk entered upon a 
career that, from the first indications, was destined to prove the most 
successful in its history. 

It was the pioneer newspaper of its class, surviving hundreds of imita- 
tors and pursuing the even tenor of its way, without copying others' ideas 
or depending upon paste and scissors to furnish it with material. Indeed, 
only those papers that copied after Town Talk — that is, in the same class 
— achieved success and are livingto tell it. As a home newspaper reach- 
ing the best class of people, To^vn Talk really merits the wonderful advertising patronage it commands, and in its new quarters, 
where only the most efficient workmen are employed, the opportunities for acquiring, and preserving, greater prestige in the big 
territory it fills, are more readily gras|)ed and utilized. Messrs. Burke and Beyer certainly show, by their enterprise, that they mean 

to spare neither time nor expense in the good work of extending their 
circulation and enhancing the value of their publication as an advertis- 
ing medium. It is by far the handsomest illustrated paper published 
for five cents, so their task is not such a hard one after all. 

Its bright sayings, its original stories of local happenings and in- 
cidents, its happy and effective style of treating public men and public 
measures, and its pungent criticisms of hypocrisy and cant have won 
for Town Talk many complimentary notices from the State and 
metropolitan press. Town Talk has its own methods in dressing 
down politicians for their shortcomings, and its independence is 
demonstrated, by the fact th;it it spares neither Democrat nor Repub- 
lican when adverse criticism is thought to be deserved. 

An inviolable rule of To'ivn Talk is that nothing unclean, sugges- 
tive or in any way objectionable, from the standpoint of decency, shall 
appear in its columns. In all truth it is a paper of the home and for 
the home. 

In connection with the success Town Talk has met with under 
Burke and Beyer, a plain, unvarnished statement should be made : It 
would have been a surprise, especially to the newspaper fraternity, 
had the venture proved a failure. The art of managing and editing a 
newspaper was no mystery to the new owners. The doubt, un- 
certainty and trepidations that would beset the path of novices in 
such an undertaking, did not loom up to appall them They were 
" old " as newspaper men, though young in years. They were 
possessed of experience, ability, energy, indefatigability, and some 
means. Mr. Burke was the city editor of the Newark Evening News 
and Mr. Beyer held the managing editorship of the Sunday Times- 
Standard, at the time they purchased Town Talk. Mr. Burke had 
been connected with the News for twelve years, and had the advant- 
ages of the schooling in newspaper work, which only that enterprising 
-., _ paper can give and Mr. Beyer had also been connected with the News. 

HERMAN t. L. BEYER. ^^■'- Burke was born in South Orange, and Mr. Beyer, in Newark. 






-^. 




/,'' 



ESSI-X COVXTY, N. /., ILLUSTRATED. 



THE NEWARK LEDGER. 

k« r>>: \iMKh 10 Kcliyimis Liberty .iinl I'urily in I'olilics." 
LJ In that (Icclarnlion the \,^i',iri- Ltilgfr states the 
piiq)Ost- of its bcinj;. and its files and its records prove the 
sincerity of the announcement as fully as its great success 
demonstrates the appreciation of its ol)jecls by a liberty-lovin;^ 
and fair-niiii<lcd public. 

Inder the name of Thf Calliolic Ldiger this paper was 
founded in April. |S>;3, by Winfnil S. Woodruff, who was con- 
iKcir.l with Newark newspaprrdorii for many ye.irs, and who 
has since died. In the fall of thai year it passed into the hands 
of M. J. D'Conner and T. J. Regan, well known Catholics and 
luiMness men of Newark. They announced at the outset that 
Iheir ol>jict was not to make money, but to utilize allthe (laper's 



several counties of Ireland, which are of intense interest to the 
home-loving sons and daughters of the Emerald Isle, among 
whom, even then, the paper found the bulk of its supporters. 

The Ledger, in 1895, added to its name for a time the caption 
IndepeJideiit Democrat. It was the first to name James M. 
Sevmour for the mayoralty in 1S96, and it was the chief means 
of electing him. In the month of August, 1896, Messrs. O'Con- 
nor and Regan sold the paper to a stock company, who thought 
it best to call it 77/1? Neruark Ledger, as it would under this 
name be free from imputations that might be cast upon it 
should anvthing not entirely orthodo.v appear in its columns. 
Its capital stock was fixed at $25,000 and its shares at §50 each, 
none of which has been sold below par value. The president 
of the company, which is known as the Newark Ledger Publish- 
ing Company, is M. J. O'Connor ; the secretary. John Regan, 




gains for its further iniprovemcnl in order that the Catholic 
p< opic of Newark and its vicinity might have a paper devoted 
lo thtir interests of which they might be proud. At the lime 
that ihcy took charge of it the prospects for its success did not 
seem bright. The former management had not sought lo 
extend its inlliicncc l)eyon<l the limits of Kssex County, and did 
It even in the distant future outside of 
.rk diocese. Il suffered through this 
It the time of its transfer to the new 
.11 of only a few hundred copies, 
'isey became editor of the paper in February, 
the lirst ch.mges made in il was the eslablish- 
..f Irish nius, .1 report of local happenings in the 



rii'l drc.irn of 
rl..- I.or.l.-r 



.ind the treasurer, John Jackson. '/7ie Ledger went with its 
accustomed vigor into the Presidential campaign of 1896, and 
took the side of free coinage. Il gained in circulation rapidly 
because il was then, as il always has been, found true in its 
devotion to religious liberty and purity in politics and that the 
public believe that il will be ever ready lo lake up the cudgels 
for whatever people may be persecuted for their faith and 
against whatsoever party that altempls to encroach upon popu- 
lar rights. T/ie Ledger has at present subscribers in every 
town and vilUage in New Jersey and. indeed, in nearly every 
Slate in the Union, and has been complimented by some of its 
.idvertiseis with the statement that ihey have found il the best 
medium for informing people about what they have to sell. 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



171 




ALBEKT M. HOLliKOOK (DECEASED.) 



should none other talilets lie erected to his memory, readers of 
Essex County N. J., Illustrated, as they turn its pages, will find 
a constant reminder of the debt of gratitude the people owe 
him, in the beautiful memoriam illustration on which the artist 
has so beautifully traced his name and the lines of a copy of his 
Newark City Directory, among the gems of art which our artists 
have so gracefuUv transferred to the pages of this souvenir. 
For genuine open heartedness Albert M. Holbruok was noted, 
and for perseverance in the accomplishment of purposes and the 
ends he sought, few was possessed of in a greater degree. He 
was far-seeing and nobody was ever fonder of brushing away 
the mists which shadow much, if they do not shut out from un- 
cHscerning eyes great events breaking through the clouds of the 
future and rushing toward the vista of grandeur on which we 
stand and fail to see them, even though rushing toward us with 
locomotive speed. For an example of his far seeing and his 
power to read the future, attention can be called to his declara- 
tion made in the Board of Trade, which grand institution he 



ALBERT M. HOLBROOK. 

FC)R more than a quarter of a century 
Albert M. Holbrook took an im- 
portant part in the work of up-building 

the city of Newark. Standing at the head 

of one of its vastly important institutions 

of a public character and one in which 

every citizen had an interest, this man of 

genius, and I might almost well say. man 

of destiny and ever persevering, worked 

on, with few returns and less thanks, till 

his o'er wrought system gave way, and 

he that went out and in among us, so 

cheerful and uncomplaining was then 

carried to the tomb. Few men were bet- 
ter known than Albert M. Holbrook. 

His life work lay in the way of pro- 

ducnig a map of the city of Newark 

and making a directory of the same. The 

memory of Albert M. Holbrook will be 

cherished by those who knew him and 

the work he did while he was a sojourner 

here will be canvassed in honor, and 

was almost the father of and loved as the apple of his eye, and 
from which he was seldom absent when a conclave was being 
held. Another, he saw in the industiial features of Newark. 
History had long opened up to the people of Newark that she 
was the Birmingham of America, but it was left for Albert M. 
Holbrook to be the herald of the fact that it was such indeed. 
Again it was the wisdom and far-sightedness of this same man 
that made others see as he was seeing that Newark, as the great 
imporium of industry of the western continent, needed only a 
public demonstration to show it to the world. 




/ 



M. J. O CONNER, MANAGER NEWARK LEDGER. 



WALTER C. JACOBS. 



W 






ALTER C. JACOBS, a photo of whom is shown in 
the illustrations on this page, is perhaps one of the 
youngest and most enterprising printers in Essex County. He 
was born in this city in 1873, and was educated in the old time- 
honored Morton Street Public School. In May, 1895, heopened 
a printing office at No. 7 Ailing, near Market street, and in a small way commenced 
his present business with every prospect of success. Being a practical printer by trade 
and having one of the finest arranged plants in the city, he is enabled to execute all 
orders in the job printing line with neatness and dispatch. Mr. Jacobs is identified 
with many of the leading societies of the city, and is a popular man with the young 
element of Newark. He is an enterprising business man and devotes his personal 
attention to the work entrusted to him, and is a worthy representative of the job 
printing trade. 





WALTER C. JACOBS. 



DAVID B. NATHAN. 

SCHOOL Commissioner David B. Nathan, who 
is now serving his second year on the Hoard, 
was born in Copenhagen, Denmark. January 24 
1856, and was educated in the public schools there 
For the past twenty-three years he has been con- 
nected with the firm of Chas. Cooper & Co. He 
has been a lifelong Republican and has always 
taken an active part in the politics of the Tenth 
Ward, from which he was elected as a member of 
the Board of Education by a handsome majority. 
Throughout his term on the Board he has shown a 
keen interest in the cause of education and has 
done much to advance the school work in this city. 




HOLBROOK S DIRECrOKy. 



;,--' 



Ess/:.v cnrxTY, x. j., illustrated. 




C'.ERMAN NEWSPAPERS OF ESSEX COUNTY. 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



173 



CHARLES WOLBER &. CO., PRINTERS. 

THE illustration on this page represents a view 
on the southwest corner of Market and 
Washington streets, one of the old historical locali- 
ties in this city, commonly designated as the swamp 
or " watering place " in the annals of the town. It 
has been known for years as the " Printer's Cor- 
ner," and has been the headquarters of the German 
newspapers in this city. The building is now 
covering the plant of Charles Wolber & Co., who 
are well known Newarkers engaged in the German 
and English printing trade and the manufacture of 
badges in all the various styles. Although the firm 
is located at that corner but a short time they have 
been known in the printing trade during the past 
thirty years. Mr. Wolber, the senior member of 
the firm, was born and educated in this city, having 
learned the printer's trade on the spot where he is 
now successfully conducting a business for himself. 
He is ably assisted by his partner, Mr. August 
Putscher, an experienced and conscientious printer, 
who entered the firm in June, 1895, and who has 
been connected with some of the largest printing 
houses in this city. These enterprising citizens 
devote their time and talents to book, job, mercan- 
tile and society work of every description, in either the German 
or English languages, and make a specialty of Geinian printing 
and translations. The firm also manufacture every description 
of badges, buttons and all the numerous designs in this parti- 
cular line, which has become so numerous to society folks. 
Through their prompt and courteous treatment of customers 
they are rapidly coming to the front rank in their line of trade. 
The jobbing department of Charles Wolber & Co., is one of 
the most complete of its size and kind in the city, and it is an 
undeniable fact that the members of the firm are alive to the 
procuring of all the newest styles and latest designs in the pro- 
fession ; being practical mechanics themselves, they employ the 
most skillful workmen and thus secure the good will of their 
many patrons. Their facilities are such as to meet any demand 
that may be made upon them for the rapid and handsome com- 
pletion of all work intrusted to them and their rapid advance 



•Wlfl^ 




d|0[[j(iM ^c«yoi«£^| 


ij ' > 

^ ■-, 





LOR. MARKET AND WASHINGTON STS., PRIMING PLANT C. WOLPEK A CD. 




CHAKLES WOLBER. 



from that slow and imperfect printing machinery to the presses 
which enable them to turn off the finest of the process 
half-tone work, fitly characterizes the progress made by 
these wide-awake mechanics in their jobbing department. The 
members of the firm are prominently identified with many of 
the leading German and English associations which are a credit 
to the city of Newark. 

The firm of Wolber & Co. was established at No. 62 Spring- 
field avenue, about four years ago, at the beginning of the 
present business depression, in the basement, a small room of 
which was used covering a space of about one hundred and fifty 
square feet, and although the firm has had much sharp compe- 
tition to contend with, the business has steadily increased to 
such an e.\tent that the enterprising firm was compelled to 
enlarge their plant. New quarters were found on the first floor 
in the same building, having one-half of the floor space, and 

si.x months later it was necessary 

to occupy all, having about five 

hundred square feet of room. Thus 

it grew until March i, 1897, when 

the plant was removed to No. 82 

Market street, corner Washington, 

where it has ample room to meet 

all requirements for some time to 

come. The manufacture of badges 

has become an important industry 

in connection with the printer's 

calling of late years, and Messrs. 

Wolber tk. Co. are alive and wide- 
awake in this branch of the trade, 

having added a model and w-ell 

equipped badge department to their 

business by which they are enabled 

to turn out promptly anything in 

the line and on the most reason- 
able terms. The firm make a 

specialty of translations in German 

or English, and in this particular is 

one of the few printing houses 

located in this city. 




AUGUST PUTSCHER. 



7rv 



nssEX corxTW n. /., illustrated. 



DRAKE &. CO, PATENT - 

NEWAKK lia> lonj; liucn noted all over the world as 
Ihc hoiiif of men who were endowed with inven- 
tive genius and whose unselfish achievenicnt in mechani- 
cal skill have in a larye decree conlrilnitc.l to the com- 
forts, pleasures and advantajjes of humanity. The 
stimulus that has caused inventors to perfect their ideas 
h.i, been the wise and eiicour.ij;in|,' patent laws of the 
Inited States and other countries granting protection to 
the inventor whereby he may reap a just rew.ird. Patent 
laws prevail in all civilized countries, and it behooves 
.in inventor, if he would not see others profit by hiv 
in-rruiiiv. that he be careful to secure protection for hi- 
production in all countries, or in the more important ol 
Ihem. It is true that the patent laws of all countries ate 
.lifferent. so that it hecomesa dilhcuU matter to know how 
to set about obtaining patents abroad. In this connec- 
tion we take pleasure in placing before the readers ol 
this illustrated souvenir of Essex County, the name of 
one of the oldest and most honored patent agencies in 
the city of Newark. Drake & Co.. patent attorneys, 
located ,it the southwest corner of Broad and Markei 
streets. In the illustrations presented on this page, life- 
like photos of the gentlemen under consideration ancl 
their ollice is shown. The tlrm is in possession of the 
fullest details of all foreign and domestic laws relating 
to patents, and are fully able to advise in all matters 
pertaining to the same. During the past thirty-three 
years this firm have ably represented the citizens of 
Newark, N. J., and its suburbs, before the I'nited States 
I'.itenl Office, at Washington, D. C. As attorneys and 
solicitors of American and foreign patents, and as ex- 
perts in patent causes, this lirni have an established reputation 
and the most extensive practice of any others in their profession 
in the Stale of New Jersey. The late senior member of the firm, 
Mr. Oliver Drake, established himself here in the practice of his 
profession in 1864. and in 1879 the firm was re-organized 
by the admission to partnership of Mr. Charles H. I'ell, w-ho 
conducts the affairs of the agency since the death of Mr. Drake, 
which occurred in 1S96. No firm stands better before the 
I'nited St.ales Patent Office, or can secure fairer treatment by 
its ollicials. The importance which attaches to the patenting of 




COK. BROAD AND .MAKKF.T STS.— DRAKE >V CiJ. S PATENT OFFICE. 



^^Ikt 



^.^^ 




'^.\l.l (I'l ' KA-si.n). 



inventions in this country is evidenced by the fact that during 
the existence of this firm the number of jiatents issued by the 
U. S. Patent Ollice has increased froin about 41,000 in 1S64, to 
570,000 at the present time, Feb. 23, 1897, and New Jersey 
stands near the head of the list in respect to the nimiber of 
inventors and patentees. 

The firm are recognized as able, scientific and successful 
attorneys and experts, and possess every possible facility for 
conducting every branch of patent law' under the most favorable 
auspices and upon the most satisfnclorv terms. Their practice 

relates to the preparation of specifications 

and drawings, to the making of prelimi- 
nary examinations as to the patentability 

(if an invention, an<l to the preparation 

and filing of applications for patents, re- 
issues, designs, trademarks and labels. 

and to every item of service necessary to 

the successful prosecution of the inven- 
tor's application down to the time the 

patent isgianted and issued by the oflicc. 

They have clients in all parts of the 

United Slates, and many of the leading 

manufacturers of Newark employ their 

services exclusively. Mr. Pell was born 

in New York, is popular with all and 

greatly interests himself in the general 

pnblic interests of the city, and through 

his efforts, largely, the new public parks 

in Essex County have been secured. 

Uefore his death, Mr. Drake heUI the 

esteem of a large circle of friends, who 

h.ive <leeplv mourned his loss. 

c11.VKi.L5 a. iLLi.. 




ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



17. 




PRIVATE LABOkATORV OF EDWARD WESTON, HICH STREET. 



EDWARD WESTON. 

THE introduction of tlie dynamo electrical macliine for electro- 
plating, electro-typing and similar classes of work revolu- 
tionized the art of depositing metals and effected an immense 
annual saving in time and material, concomitant with the work 
on these machines for electroplating and electrotyping. Mr. 
Weston carried on his investigation on machines and apparatus 
for the electrical transmission of power and for electric lighting, 
and pursued the work with an ardor and earnestness which 
seems almost incredible, and under circumstances which would 
discourage most men. Not one of the men associated with hini 
I had any confidence in the future of the great art which has since 
sprung up fiom his and the few other earnest workers engaged 
in the same line. The business men considered most of his 
schemes chimerical, but he stuck to his woi k with a determina- 
i tion and persistence which was remarkable, and his confidence 
: has been abundantly justified by the results. 
I One of the most serious difficulties met with in the earh 
I stages of the work on dynamo machines was the great loss of 
! energy in the machine, and the great amount of heat caused by 
I the loss. Mr. Weston carefully studied all the sources of loss 
I in machines, and by introducing entirely new features, was able 
to reduce the loss to an infinitesimal amouut, and thus produce 
machines which gave back nearly all the energy expended in 
driving them in electrical energy for useful work. The types of 
machines known before his time gave from twenty-five to fifty 
' percent, of the energy in the useful work, the rest of the energy 
I being wasted in the production of injurious heating of the 
! machine. Mr. Weston, in 1873, changed all this and succeeded 
in building machines which gave eighty per cent, of the energy 
expended in driving them, and by further investigations later on succeeded in raising the efficiency imtil it reached ninety-seven per 
cent. But this saving of energy was not the only result secured by his work. The saving of energy meant the absence of serious 
heating of the machines and consequently decreased liability of injury to the insulation, and also meant that vastly more mechanical 
energy could be transformed into electrical energy by a machine of a given size. In this way the cost of a machine for a given power 
of conversion was greatly reduced. Without these advances it is safe to say that the application of electricity to electric lighting, 
power transmissions and the numerous uses could not have been accomplished. With the perfection of the dynamo machine its field 
of usefulness became immense, aud Mr. Weston's time was spent largely in opening it up. He attacked the problem of arc lighting 
from various standpoints and invented and perfected numerous devices for the production of arc lights, and for the measurement of 
the current and the distribution of the same. He was the first to make and use the copper coated carbon so extensively employed in 

arc lighting, and was the first to master the difficulties of making 
carbons, and it was in Newark that the first successful carbon factory 
was established. To make satisfactory carbons for arc lights was at 
first no easy matter, and a vast amount of experimental work and 
thoughtful study was needed before the difficulties were overcome. 
Special machinery had to be designed to grind and mix and mold the 
material and a great deal of work had to be done to find the most 
suitable material with which to bind the particles of carbon together, 
and produce suitable slicks for use in ihe lamps. These difficulties 
were all overcome and a vast industry has been established in this line 
alone. The methods and machinery now employed by the various 
large establishments in this coimtry engaged in the work of manufac- 
turing carbons were first worked out by Edward Weston. 

In the transmission of power by electricitv Mr. Weston was very 
early engaged, and in the old Synagogue, machines for the i)urpose 
could be seen delivering se\eral horse powers as early as 1877, with 
a degree of efficiency which has never been surpassed. 

In the line of incandescent lighting Mr. Weston shares with Edison 
and Swan the honors of much useful work. He attacked the problem 
long before Edison, and by his process of treating carbons by electri- 
city in the presence of hydro-carbon fluids, gases or vapor, overcome 
one of the rrost serious obstacles to the perfection and introduction of 
t he incandescent lamp, and by numerous other inventions contributed 
in no small degree to the development of these branches of electric 
lighting. The record of his work in these and numerous other fields 
EDWARD WESTON. is found at Washington where nearly 400 patents have been issued. 




; /" ; 



ESSEX Cni-XTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



TIIKKK an-, during business 
hours, few among our 
siiund financial inslilulions more 
Ijusilv engaged in the work of 
receiving and I>a\ ing out money. 
than the Stale Hanking Institu- 
tion, located on the corner of 
Market and H.ilscy streets. We 
do not wish to lie understood in 
making this statement that larger 
sums of money arc handled, 
deposited or drawn, luit that 
more people are going out and 
in its wide open door during the 
same time, transacting hanking 
business. Among the officers 
of the bank, or more particu- 
larly speaking, thai portion of 
them who come in direct con- 
tact with the custotners. are 
without doubt .is large or a 
larger per cent of polite, affable, 
forbearing and painstaking men 
as are found engaged in a simi- 
lar capacity in any other one of 
our local banks. We wouldn't 
have it understood that there 
arc any disagreeable men in any 

of our banking institutions. This conduct on the part of 
clerks and oflicials has its effect and does its part, and adds to 
the popularity of the bank and the increase of its business. The 
building in which the beautiful and convenient banking rooms 
are established, is not more imposing than others of our banks, 
its architectural merits resting on banking rooms alone. If the 





MM , CAblllhK. 



INTERIOR VIEW STATE BANKING CO. 

reader is not a patron of the bank it would be well worth his 
while to step in and take a look at their model room. Just at 
the right of the entrance will be found the comfortable offices 
of Julius Stapff, cashier, and William Scheerer, assistant cashier, 
who will be glad to show the caller such attentions as might be 
sought for. Edward Shickhaus, the president, and Judge 
Gottfried Kreuger, vice president, will always be glad to see and wel- 
come friends or strangers who call for profit or pleasure, both of which 
can be reached in meeting either in their snug parlors, and the former 
by opening an account with this abundantly safe bank over which 
they preside. 

The robust and hearty good natured Judge of the State Court of 
llrrors and Appeals, one of Newark's multi-millionaires, is one of 
those generous, great hearted Germans, among our fortunate German 
fellow citizens, with whom to meet is a lasting treat. 

The State Banking Company is peculiarly a State institution and was 
organized in 1871, under the State Banking Laws and is now the only 
bank outside the national household. The heivier part of the capital 
is held by our German fellow-citizens and the greater number of her 
patrons have a warm place in their affections for the Fatherland. As 
about one-fifth of the people of Newark are of German descent it will 
quite readily be seen what smooth sailing a bank like this will have. 
Starting off with a capital of §100,000, it didn't take long to build up 
and hold the elegant business it was and is sure to command. No 
word we can write about this or any other bank doing business in 
the County of Essex can be amiss, providing it is well meant for an 
applaud of its business methods or in declaration of its strength and 
honor. In conclusion, if one thing more than another has added to 
the strength, it can readily be found in its well-to-do body of directors, 
each one of whom has his foundations in unencumbered real estate 
and solid cash. That genial good heartedness which pervades the 
founders, sustainers, managers and conductors, throws a halo of 
strength and honor all over and around it and gives to all an abund- 
ance of faith in its firmness and solidity. 



INDUSTRIES OF ESSEX COUNTY, 




T has already been stated that the 
settlers of Newark were not me- 
chanics or manufacturers, but farm- 
ers. Naturally, therefore, their first 
concern was the soil and the support 
and maintainance which it might be 
made to yield. It may verj- readily 
be comprehended that theirs was 
not a very fierce struggle, with the rich virgin soil, 
which to yield its abundant increase, needed but 
the asking. But what with the labor of making 
their clearings, building their dwellings, and doing 
the thousand and one things incident to the pursuit 
of agriculture in a new country, the settlers had no 
time to think of other labors, much less to bestow 
upon them. Accordingly, only such industries were 
thought of as actually pressed themselves upon the 
attention of the busy planters. Naturally, the first 
of these to reveal its necessity in an isolated farm- 
ing community, was, when the grain had been 
garnered in, a grist mill. 

Accordingly, we find that at a Town Meetin 
1668-69. this resolutton was adopted : 

'• Item. The Town saw Cause for the incouragement of any 
amongst them that would Build and Maintain a Good Mill, for 
the supply of the Town with Good Grinding, To offer and 




THE OLD FACTORY WHERE SETH BOYDEN INVENTED AND 
FIRST PRODUCED MALLEABLE IRON. 



j 



held March 9, 




OLD SYNAGOC.UE ON WASHINGTON STREET 
WHERE FIRST DYNAMO WAS MADE. 



Tender freely the Timber Prepared for that use. Twenty Pounds 
Current Pay, and the Accommodations Formerly Granted 
Belonging to the mill, viz.: 18 Acres of upland and 6 of meadow, 
with the only Liberty and privilege of Building a Mill on yt 
Brook; which motion was left to the Consideration of the 
Town Be twixt this and the 12th of this Mo. Current at Even, 
and the Meeting is adjourned to that Time : And in Case 
any desire sooner, or in the mean Time to have any further 
Treaty or Discourse about his or their Undertaking of the Mill, 
they may repair to Mr. Treat, Deacon Ward and Lieutenant 
Swain, to prepare any Agreement between the 
Town and them." 

Notwithstanding this offer of the Town, which 
would seem to have been very liberal for that time, 
no one appeared to be willing to undertake the 
work on these terms, and we find this record of the 
[iroceedings of the town meeting on the 12th of 
.March, 1668-69: "None appearing to accept of 
the Town's Motion and Encouragement to build 
and maintain the mill, they agreed to set upon it in 
a general way, and moving to Lieut. Swain about 
the matter, he made some propositions to the 
Town, and at Length the Town agreed with him 
for 20s. by the week or 6 working days, and three 
Pounds over for his skill, unless he shall see Cause 
to abate it, which if he shall see cause to do, the 
Town will take it thankfully; for the which he en- 
gaged to improve his Time and skill for the best 
advantage and carrying on to an End the whole 
Work, with all that shall be implied by him so far 
jelongeth to his Art and Trade of a Millwright ; as also to 
is best advice about the Dam, or leveling the Ground, as 
the Town shall need him, and this to be done as soon as con- 
veniently he can ; and the Town promiseth to help him with 
Work in part of his pay as he needs it, so many Day's Work 



; 7s 



nssLX corxTV. .v../.. illustrated. 



IS 111- «<.rk^ .11 the Mill: cnminon I..iliorcrs .it iw.) sliillin-s liy 
itic D.iy and C.irpcnlii> ;il 2s. d.l. tin- Day. ^ " lleiii. 

Tlic Town .i).;recil lo stiid some men furlli upon llic Discovery, 
lo sec i( llity >nn I'lml .inv Miilablt- Sloncs fur .Milbloncs." 

I'.Ntn lliis .lurecMifnl, il si'iins, w.is nul stiliiiitnt lo scciirt- 
ihc tTcciion of llif null, which must h.ivc been ;i j;re.it under- 
i.ikinj; for the little community. I'luler il.ile of .\ii;,'ust 24, 
1670. appears this record : 

•■The Town at length .\l.ide a full .igrteiiiinl with Mr. Kobt. 
TriMi .ind Ser^j'l Kich'd Il.irrison about the liuiUling and .Main- 
I. lining; nf .1 Sullicienl Corn Mill, to be set upon the Little IJiook 
Called the Mill Ilrock. with suitable Necessary's, and making' 
the D.imns. and all other Provisions Needful for and lielonying 
to the sd Mill." \c.. \c.. \c. 



.uul under Lock and Key." Thus was estaliiished, upon 
"Little Hrook." which as long as it existed bore the name of" 
•• Mill IJrook," the first manufactuiiiifj industry of the littlet 
town, the forerunner, as will be seen, of multitudinous inanu-' 
faclures which were ultimately to convert the little agricultural 
hamlet into a great manufacturing city. 

The early fame of the town, however, rested upon the 
quantity and quality of the cider made and sold by the good 
people. Only seven years after the first settlement. Depuly- 
Governor Rudyard wrote to a friend in London: "At a place 
called Newark. 7 or 8 miles from here, is made great quantities 
of Cyder exceeding any we can have from New England or 
Rhode Island or Long Island." The following year another 
correspondent wrote. " They made abundance of good Cyder, 




^%2l-\ 







JKWKI.kV WORKS IJI 



l,\l;ll.l-. IIA..I1.\..„ .V lIuWK, u.\ .Mll|,l,KKK\. LUKANM A.\U I'AKK blKKhlS. 



I'ndfr this l.isl agreement tin- jjreal work of building Ihc mill 
was at last acromphshrd, and the mill was in opcr.ilion the 
following sjiring. as appears by .\n entry in the town itrords. 
iinilrr d.ile of May 23, 1671 : 

• Itrm. lis i.^rcrd Ih.il Ihe 2nd d.iy of the wi-ek .mil llie 6lh 
<la> •>t • 'ck .iiid ihi- Next D.iys if the Town Need. 

and '' iiuiol be well done on those days that .ire 

•i I agreed upon by Ihc Town Meeting .ind ihi- 

Mill to be their f'irlnding d.iys. upon which il.i^s 
to allend his ("irinding. and the 'fown .ire lo 
'• 'loiniscth to do his » » » 

le same until il lie ciuloscd 



especi.illy at one town called Newark, which is esteemed at 
New York and other places, that il is sold beyond any that 
comes from New Kngland." 

I'liil the grist-mill and cider-mill did not long sullice lo satisfy 
the enterprise of the worthy Ncwarkers. In 16S0. a shoemaker, 
S.iimiel \\'hiiehead by name, had been permitted to settle in 
ihc town, "provided he will supply Ihe Town with Shoes. I ho' 
for ihe present we known not of any Place of Land convenient." 
The leather he used was all brought from a disl.ince. or tanned 
rudely .It home, and this dKI not long suit the thrift and prud- 
ence of the citizens. A/.ariah Crane desired to establish a lan- 
yard in the town, and succeeded in obtaining permission to do 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



179 



so ill 1698, this subject coming, as did all others, before the 
town meeting, and being passed upon by the votes of all the 
citizens. It is recorded, under date of April 19, 1698, that " It 
is voted that Thomas Hayse, Joseph Harrison, Jasper Crane 
and Matthew Canfield shall view whether A/ariah Crane may 
have Land for a Tan-Yard, at the Front of John Plum's home 
Lott. out of the Common ; and in case the Men above-men- 
tioned agree that Azariah Crane shall have the Land, he, the 

j! said Azariah Crane, shall enjoy it so long as he doth follow the 

' ' trade of Tanning." 

Azariah got his land and his tannery was established at once. 

I and the trade in leather and shoes was thus earlv established on 

•1 a firm foundation. Us growth was necessarily slow, but it was 



Never, perhaps, w'ere pioneers better equipped to establish a 
permanent and prosperous settlement than these pious founders 
of Newark. Not with mechanical appliances to make labor 
easy or dispense with it alltogether, or with wealth to purchase 
the labor of others, but with those strong manly (lualilies which 
insure, because they conquer, success. Health, energy, courage, 
industry, patience, perseverance ; witli these qualities failure is 
impossible, success a certainty. It adds to the glory of these 
men. that although their religious feelings were deep and strong, 
and their religious prejudice no doubt intense, yet they either 
knew not or had overcome tlie passion for persecution. While 
they required every one desiring to join theircolony to subscribe 
to their " fundamental agreements," yet ihey sought to punish 







JEWELRY WORKS OF KREMENTZ & CO., COR. MtJI.BERRV AM) CHESTNUT STREETS. 



Steady and sure, and ere long it became the sta]ile industry of 
the town. 

There were not wanting other craftsmen in the town sufllcienl 
to supply the immediate necessities of an agricultural com- 
munity. Thomas Pierson and lienjamin Baldwin were weavers. 
John Ward was a " Turner," which no doubt included cabinet- 
making and joining ; many, indeed, of the original settlers 
joining some handicraft to their agricultural pursuits. All the 
casks and barrels, for the cider made in the town, seem to have 
been made by the planters themselves, and so great was the 
demand for them, that as early as 1669, it was necessary to pro- 
hibit their sale e.\cept " for the use of the Town." This, by the 
way, was doubtless the eariliest embargo laid in any of the 
colonies. 



no one foi' refusing. .And they provided in advance that where 
the conduct or outspoken opinions of any settler should offend 
the community, there should be no persecution, pains or penal- 
ties, but simply that the offender should be jiaid a fair price for 
his lands and remove from the community, with whom he was 
not and never could be in sym])athy or accord. This was not, 
of course, absolute freedom of opinion or of religion, but for 
those times and circumstances, it was a great liberality, as 
unusual as it was enlightened. Material prosperity could 
scarcely fail to wait upon men possessed of the strong qualities, 
the conservative principles, the moderate tempers which dis- 
tinguished and ennobled the pioneers of this plantation. And 
there is every evidence that from the begiuning the settlement 
was prosperous. 



l.\n 



7:ss/:.v corxTv. x. 

iisliies of Uif 



ll is iinpossiblc to trace the gruwlli of llie im 
infant town, as no record seems to have l.ecn kepi of 
ihcir progress or increase, and no ligiires are available until 
the Vniled States census of iSio. from which a slalcmcnt 
WIS .-..moile.1 under the direction of the Sor.tary of the 
:iig the various industries of the county and their 



/., ILLl'STRATED. 

It will be seen from this table that the boot and shoe industry 
was then, as it has been for many years, easily chief in the 
county, and justified the draftsman of the map of Newark, pub- 
lished in 1806, who drew the effigy of a shoemaker in one 
corner of his ma]). According to his statement. " one-third of 
the inhabitants are constantly employed in the manufacture of 
boots and shoes." 



«•'■:: ''Mlili^fti^ 



4- 



<^Sl 



\.. 







• I- THE CRESCENT WATCH CASE COMPANY. 65-85 NORTH THIRTEENTH STREET. 



ArrictJi* or MAWurACTUHR. 



No. of 
Fitctonc*. 



UI«tt4tM :*nd unnamed Clnihi Mod Stii^- 

"' -!« in Cacniim 

' 763 

hlnev 36 

: Kovinf Machines i 

v.i*"* 

M' Furnaces.... ' t 

' 17 

3 

:«.MC. 

'ppc" 

»» 



Product. 



jui,Rj6ydj. 
43,<xio " 



aft, 1 50 

134 ton* 

3l,3ColbK. 



3»4.77; 
tS.Soo 

17.603 " 



Valu 



$i6o,c 



78,480 Ot' 
14,973.00 
3.33810 
i.>>6 00 
15,000,00 
39,350.0c 
il,53.,.c'. 

^1.970. rjt. 
400,000.00 



7,B;.-.. 
37,750.10 
30,000.00 



$1,169,871.00 



The next opportunity for observing the industrial growth of 
the town, is found in the town census taken in 1826, by I.saac 
Nichols, assessor. He reports the number of industries and 
the industrial po|)ulation as follows: 

Three Iron and Brass Founderies. twelve workmen; one 
Cotton I'"actory, six workmen ; three Tin and Sheet Iron Fact- 
ories, nine workmen ; one Coach Spring Factory, ten workmen ; 
one Chocolate and Mustard Factory, eight workmen ; one 
Tobacco Factory, thirteen workmen ; one Looking-glass 
Factory, four workmen ; one Soap and Candle Factory, four 
workmen ; one Eastern Poltcrv. three workmen ; one Rope 
Walk, two workmen. 

Besides these, three Distilleries, two Breweries and two Grist 
Mills. The number of hands employed not given. 

All those employed in trades and other branches are enumer- 
ated as follows : 

Shoe-makers, 685 ; Carriage-makers, 64 ; Carriage-triiiimers, 
48; Carriage-painters. 21 ; Carriage-smiths, 77 ; Carpenters, 89: 
Chair-makers. 79; Hatters, 70; Curriers, 61; .Saddlers, 57; 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



1S1 




FREOKRICK HEI.LEK, (DECEASED.) 



Masons, 46 ; Coach Lace Weavers. 
36; Cabinet-makers, 35; Tailors, 35; 
Jewelers. 22; Hlacksmiths. 19; Plane- 
makers. 17; Tanners, 17; Silver Plat- 
ers. 15 ; Bakers. 15 ; Carters. 12 ; Sad- 
dle-Tree-makers. 12; House Painters 
and Glaziers, 10; Wagon-workers. 8; 
Trnnk-makers. 7 ; Coopers. 7 ; Stone- 
cutters. 6 ; Last-makers, 6 ; liutchers. 
5; I'lougli-makers. 4; Pump-makers. 
1 : Morocco Dressers, 3 ; Brush- 
makers, 3 ; Gunsmiths, 2 ; Watch and 
Clock Makers. 2 ; Tallow Chandlers. 
1 ; Lock-makers. 1 : Printers. 7. 

Mr. Nichols enumerated the popida- 
tion of the town as 8.017. ai"' it will 
be seen from this table that aboul 
1.700. or more than twenty per cent nl 
the whole number were actively en- 
gaged in manu.al labor, speaking well 
for the industry and thrift of the com- 
munity. 

In 1836. the year of the incorpor- 
ation (if the town as a city, a census 




was taken by the direction of the 
Common Council. The rapid growth of the town in the jire- 
ceeding ten years, was shown by the enumeration of the ]5opu- 
lation at this census, at 19,732, an increase of almost 1 50 per 
cent. In connection with this census. Dr. Jabez G. Goble pre- 
pared the following exhibit of the industries of the city, number 
employed, and value of product, which he says. " it is believed 
to be essentiallv correct." and "will exhibit n general view of 
the business of the city, the greater portion of which consists 
of its own manufactured articles." 

Boot and Shoe Manufacturers, 734. $1,523,000. This branch 
of trade has always been very extensive; Hat .Manufacturers, 
610, $1,055,000; Carriages of every description onniibuses. 
railroad cars, &c., S97, §1,002,000. Some of these establish- 
ments are very large ; .Saddles, harness, whips. &c.. 590, 
$885,500; Clothing business — manufactured for southern 
markets. 1.591,3840,000; Tanning and Currying, i 50, $899,200. 



CVKUS CURRIER (DECEASED ) 



The principal portion of this business is done in the swamps in 
Market Street ; Coach-axles springs, door-locks. l>rass mount- 
ings, &c., 220. $250,000; Co.ich-lace, tassels, fringe. &c.. 112. 
$80,000; Oil-silk, patent leather, malleable iron, every variety 
of casting used by coacli-makers, machinists, &c , 125, $225,060. 
The collection consists of more th.in 1.000 plain and orn.i- 
niental patterns now in use; Cabinet-makers. 145, $180,000; 
Jewelry-makers. 100, $225,000 ; Trinik and Chair-makers, 106. 
$90,000; Silverplating. 100. $100,000 ; Sash and Blind-makers, 
107, $70,000; Coal trade. $200,000. This business has been 
extensive the past year. All other manufacturers, comprising 
many different branches, may be fairly estimated at $500,000, 
making a total value of ^8,124,790. 

In 1S61, the value iif the manufactured products of the city 
had swelled to the sum of over $23,000,000. The Civil W.ir 
scarcely interrupted the industrial activity and prosperity of the 




JOHN TOLER, (DECEASED., 



city, which was kept busy 
during the entire period of 
its continuance, in manufact- 
uring for the Union armies, 
small arms, accoutrements, 
saddlery, harness, clothing. 
lVc. \c. But the close of 
the war witnessed a wonder- 
ful increase of prosperity, and 
the growth of the city's man- 
ufactures was marvelous, 
both in volume and variety. 

S(i vast and varied became 
the products of the city, 
that the idea occured to A. 
M. Holbrook and a few 
other enterprising and far- 
sighted citizens, of still 
further .advancing the city's 
business and manufacturing 
interests, by giving an exhi- 
bition of all its varied manu- 
factured products. After an 
agitation lasting some time, 




M. MEVER, (DECEASED.) 



Is2 



icssEX cnrxTV. x. j.. iLLrsTR.vnw. 



ill. vslalli/cd ill!" arlinn. nml llie " Industrial 

' ! ill llic olil Kink hiiililinj,'. on Washini;- 

20, 1S72. The cxiiibit was confinttl 

■ arc. anil provcil a coni- 

;:iilriil an<l ten exhibitors 

urn- rcprcsrnliii. ailhouyii n" |iicnnuiiis had l)^-l■n ottered and 

no extra indincinints held mil to prevail upon tliein to exhibit 

iheir prmlucls. The exhibit was a complete surprise, not only 

til the cits itself, but lo ilie entire eounlry. X'isitors eame 

from f.ir and iie.ir. and ihe I'risiilent of the L'nited States hini- 

si • ;.in uiih his presence and praise. (Ither 

.!:. > ir.iin. .iiid no less than 130.000 citizens 

':-;" I'"" S'lfs durini; the hfiy-two days ijiey were 



in wages, $26,857,170; \'alue of materials used in the manu- 
facturing establishments located in Newark, §46,020,536. The 
aggregate value of all variety of manufactured goods produced 
yearly by our factories and workshops is $93,476,652. 

The manufacture of leather has, at all times, ranked as on.- 
of the leading industries of the city, and still holds a leading 
position among our important manufacturing interests. 

I'p to 1S80, the output of leather of all kinds, patent, 
enameled, tanned and curried, entitled the city to rank first 
among the cities of the Nation, in the value of finished products. 
That we still remain first in this great industry, will be seen 
from the figures enumerated from the census returns of 1S90. 
F.ngaged in this branch of industry, there are forty-nine 
establishments, with a capital of §4.815.625. producing goods 




(IMUJK .AND WARKRDUMS. I)N SI'SSF.X AVF.Ni;!.. I'.F.TWEF.N NF.WARK AND NESIIIIl' SI'KKEIS. 



In spile of financial depressions and commercial panics, the 

riiv has roiilimird, with but slight inlerruplion. lo enlarge its 

iricliisiri.il borders ami mullipH ils producls during the past 

■lie hiililing of the Industrial I-'.xliibilion. 

under .ind ils boast. 

means of brielly presenling .1 review of the lead- 

1- f manufactures loialed in llie city of New. irk, 

iicrinei stalrinent embodying the principal details 

' ''. the Board of Trade, from which 

■I ince can be obtained at a glance. 

repoils in totals the number of 

muf.iclures in the lity of Newark 

in manufacluring. $72,675,782; 

■ i|.<jyri|. 46,848 ; Total amount (laid 



annually to the value of §8.001,638, employing 2.413 liands, and 
paying §".599.578 w.ages yearly. 

Our brewing interests employ a capit.al of §5.490,473, giving 
work lo 927 men, paying in wages §955,395. and turning out 
l)roducts annually to a value of §6,901,297. 

The manufacture of jewelry iscairied on extensively in the 
city. The seventy jewelry and four watch-case establishments 
have a combined capital of §4,591,372, employ 2.280 hands, 
whose , annual wages amount lo I1.59S.288, and by their com- 
bined efforts, goods valued at §5,636,084 are produced. The 
artistic merit and workmanship of the jewelry manuf.actured in 
Newark have won a reputation for this branch of our industry 
e(|ual to the best. 

l"or more than half a century, the hatshops of our city have 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



ISc 



turned out yearly, goods 
valued at more than 
$2,000,000. The report 
for 1890 enumerates a 
total of fifty establish- 
ments in this branch of 
industry, employing a 
capital of $1,808,444, furn- 
ishing employment to 
3.079 hands, paying in 
wages $1,542,082, a n tl 
turning out a total product 
valuetl at $3,719,264. 

No branch of industry 
is of more importance to 
the growth and progress 
of manufacturing in a 
city, than its machine 
shops and foundries. It 
is of vast importance tu 
be able to have within 
call men skilled in mech- 
anism, and to this advan- 
tage can be attributed one 
of the primary reasons that has induced manufacturers to locate 
in Newark. It is hardly saying too much when we claim that 
in the seventy-four machine shojis and foundries operating in 
our city, are to be found among the 2.276 artisans and 
mechanics, men whose craft and skill can produce any piece of 
machinery, no matter how intricate, that may be required. 
The capital invested in this, the fifth largest manufacturing 
interest in the city, is §3 724.303. Total amount of wages paid 
yearly. $1,418,646. and the value of the finished product for the 
same period, for the year 1890, was $2,360,248. 

The manufacture of boots and shoes began with the founding 
of the town, and has ;vrown in proportion with its growth. Our 
early records show that, in this line of trade, we had achieved 
considerable renown. 

We have not lost any prestige, but with steady strides, our 
manufacturers have extended their trade and reputation. 

The n.imes of Banister, Johnston & Murphy, P. Hogan, 
ISoyden. Miller & Ober, and others of our manufacturers, are 





'% 




/ ' 


. M 


t 






iV 




<^ ^ 


£ 


f 






^^1^ 




"*- 


-w 


V ^ 






[)V\10 Kll-ri-.\. (LIKCI'.AsbU 



GEO. X. HALSKV, (DKCEASED) 



sufficient guarantee for the wurkm.uiship a?ul linish of their 
goods among the trade in every section. 

In all branches there are 120 establishments whose combined 
capital amounts to $1,466,481, giving work to 2,059 hands, pay- 
ing annually in wages $1,042,177. .ind producing vearlv. 
$2,472,618 in finished product. 

A leading industry in all centres of population is the clothing 
interest. With Newark it is a specially important one — manu- 
facturing, as we do. all variety of women's and men's wear for 
home consumption and trade. A steady increase in the volume 
of business done yearly during the past decade, indicates its 
development. There are 275 firms and individuals engaged in 
the several lines, liaving a total capital invested, amounting to 
$2,354,296, employing 3,347 male and female operatives, whose 
wages aggregate $1,338,503. the finished products having a 
value of $3,847,656. 

In the hardware industry, including saddlery hardware and 
other branches, there are fifty-three cstablishmcnis, whose 







r 




%^ 


'h 


k^&k 




*^*^^- 


V 


^ 'i 


F 


f 

i 


k 



PATRICK HOGA.N, (DECEASED.; 



capital amounts to $2,055,450, turning out a 
yearly product of $2,154,085, paying in 
wages to 1,579 hands, the siun of $835,272. 

Newark has fourteen plants for the manu- 
facture of trunks and valises, employing a 
capital amounting to $1,339,050, paying in 
Wages $666,730, to 1263 operatives; the total 
yearly products amounting to $1,774.1 i3- 

The manufacture of varnish has, from .1 
comparatively small interest, whose yearly 
pmdiict in i860 was $347,000, assumed a 
vri\ iinpiirlant rank in the list of leading 
industries In be found in Newark. In the 
year given, the capital invested amounted to 
$1 55.000. employing twenty-four men. The 
returns for the year 1890, show eighteen 
lirms. with a working capital of $2,209,733^ 
employing 196 workmen, paying $226,557 in 
wages, consuming materials to the value of 
$848,841. in the productions of finished 
products valued at $1,887,161. 

P'ine coach and carriage harness has been 
one of the leading features among the_varied 




NOAIl. F. BLANCHAKU.'tDECEASED.) 



;>>A 



ESSEX COrXTV, X.J., ILLUSTRATED. 



,A this city of ni.imifatlurcrs for several dccaOcs. 

, ..grrss niaiiis its liistor). The census taken in iSi/'. 

returns tlie total outpiii of tinishc<l products at Sli.3 = 3.6j5- 

There arc forty-two workshops, having; a total capital invested 

(if $720.8;4. anil irivin« eniploymenl to 755 workers, whose 

wa;;' - •" I.575- 

"1 , ,1 is pci uliarly a Newark industry. 

Here the inventor of this valu.dile article of commerce lived and 
wi.rkrd. Kroni a crude heyinniii);. its m.inufacture has assumed 
vast proportions. I.iniiteil to a few .irticles for personal and 
hnuseliold use in its early history, its scope has broadened to 
such an extent th.it to enumerate the list of articles and uses to 
which it is now .idapterl, would fill a volume. This industry, 
with its three vast plants, taking' in several city squares, gives 
employment to 659 hamls, payini,' annually to them $397,977- 
The l;ir;,'e 1 .ipital invested in its in.inufactiirc in Newark, 



A centre of manufactures is the natural home of the chemica- 
industry, and in this respect Newark can claim her fair share of 
the industry. We have ten plants, whose combined capital 
amounts to $'.446,137, furnishing labor to 411 men, and paying 
in wages, each twelve months. S27>.74i- The product of these 
ten establishments swells the total value of the manufactures of 
the city by the sum of $2,236,117. an item in the business 
economy of the city that counts for a great deal. 

Another large industry will be found in the corset establish- 
ments located in this city. There are eleven workshops manu- 
facturing corsets, employing 1,689 hands, whose iiay-roll foots 
up yearly ^521,033. The capital invested is $690,536, and the 
product amounts to $1,291,432 annually. 

The slaughtering and meat packing branch of commerce is 
a large and growing one, with fourteen establishments carrying 
(in the business done. Their combined capital amounts to 




IIUII.DI.S'C. Ol" JOHN TOLKR. So.NS .<■ CO., AD.XMS A.NlJ J.'^CKSUN STREETS. 



§1,919,818, will convey an idea of its importance, as well as the 
.innual value <if the goods made, which in 1S90. amounted to 

$1,721,773. 

.\s an evidence of a city's progress, a review or summary of 
lis building inilustrics will be fiiiind a valued and accurate 
census of the whole. It isgr.itifying to note the steaih increase 
shown in this respect with reference to Newark, indicating, 
.IS it dors most (losilivclv. the rapid strides the city has made 
.liii 

■ '. employeil by the ( .ipenlering and 

Hid plumbing tr.ides. ai cording to the last 

S2. 92 1, 402. This capil.il represents .1 total of 

individuals who furnish eiiiploynicnt to 4.403 

111 traijesmen, paying annually in wages the 

nil of $3,401,733, the result of their combined 

(• prndiii lidii of property, yearly, to the value of 



1 



M 



$594,500, and the annual product is valued at $3,666,696. The 
business, up to a few years since, was confined principally in 
furnishing the supply necessary for home consumption. With- 
in the last few years the ham and bacon of Newark make, 
bearing the brand of " Hailey " "Joy " and others have become 
celebrated, and a steady demand has been created. 

Four iron an<l steel manufacturing plants produce, yearly, .1 
finished product valued ,it $1,245426. The direct capital in- 
vested in this industry is $1,394,363. Employment is given to 
50S operatives, both skilled ,ind unskilled, and $316,137 is p.iiil 
.innually in wages. 

The extensive plants located upon the west bank of the 
I'assaic river arc an evidence of the steady increase of business 
in the lumber trade of the city. The volume of business done, 
nolliwithstanding the serious depression of the past three years, 
testifies to the importance of this branch of the city's commerce. 
An average of 664 carloads arrived by rail monthly, a total for 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. /., ILLUSTRATED. 



185 




WORKS OF THF. NEW JERSEY ZINC & IRON WORKS CO.. ON THE PASSAIC RIVER. 



the year of 2,650 cars, as follows: \'ia the Penns\ Ivania, 1.232 
cars; the New Jersey Central, 452: the Delaware Lacka- 
wanna and Western, 420; Erie, 252; t.ehigh Valley, 200. 
The receipts by water shipment, of which no record has been 
made, is greatly in excess of what arrives by rail. In all. 
there are twenty yards, employing a total capital of $684,181. 
paying in wages to 483 employees, $339,897, and handling 
annually products valued at $1,123,087. 

Among other large industries that give to Newark its reputa- 
tion as a centre for manufacturers, might be named a few 
whose magnificent plants, would, if located in some less fravored 
city, give to it a prominence in itself. Such establishments as 




ALFKED LISTEK, (DECEASliD.) 



the Balb.ich Smelting and Refining Company, at whose works 
are turned out yearly, bullion and ores to the value of from 
twelve to fifteen million dollars ; the Clark Thread Company, 
emijloying a capital of more than $5,000,000, furnishing work 
to upwards of 1,800 employees; the New Jersey Zinc & Iron 
Company; the Lister Agricultural Works, with a capital of 
$1,000,000, ]iroducing fertilizers, etc., to the value yearly of 
$2,000,000. 

In all thi-re are 201 distinct classes of manufacturers located 
here, with a total of 2,490 establishments, divided into groups 
comprising the various trades, as shown in the table compiled 
liy the Census Bureau at Washington, from the returns received 

for the year 1890. The subject of a "Greater Newark." is engaging the 

attention of many able and far-seeing men who believe that the consolidation 

of our city with adjacent cities and towns under one municipal government 

would increase the prosperity of all the inhabitants. The change, when 

made, should embrace all the territory including Jersey Citv on the east, the 

Oranges on the west. 

Paterson on the north 

and Elizabeth on t h e 

south. 

Such a district carefully 

filled up with a variety of 

industries would become 

distinguished as the most 

advanced and prosperous. 

for manufacturing pro- 
ducts, in the nation. The 

ocalities are so numerous 

and well chosen, and 

easily adapted to sanitary 

conduct o f large an d 
irofitable production, and 
he close contiguity to 

the largest markets of the 

world over its highways 

of tide-water and sea. 

ihat at a glance the most 

casual observer cannot 

fail to see Newark's great 

advantage. joseph bai,dvvin, (deceased.) 




ESSEX corxrv. x.j., illustrated. 



FINTER BROTHERS 

NIIW ARK has Uccoint; iiuiiil m 
.)11 the marts of ti^ili- for tht- 

nunitroiis inihistrics c.irricil on 

within the city. Thf in.inufacliin- 

of ISritnnni.-i w.in- is an ancient 

trade and a useful one to nian\ 

other professions. The illustration 

shown on this p.i, 

of the oldest co: 

plants in F.sscx Coiuiiy. now 

carried on successfully by the sons 

of the original foun<ler. The pres- 
ent industry under consideration, 

was commenced in an humble way 

by Mr. Fred. Kinter. in 1S50, and 

is now ablv conduclcd by his sons 

Kieilerick H. and Robert Kinter. 

whose life-like photos appear anionj; 

the illustrations, with that of their 

honored father. 

The plant is located cor. Thomas 
and Coble Streets, about six blocks 

l)clow Chestnut Street, on the cast side of the rcnii. R. R. 

Kor nearly half a century the firm has been mnnufacturin<; 
and shippinj; to all sections of the country, Britannia ware and 
glass triminin^js of every description, for glass manufacturers, 
chemists, perfumers and <lru>;jjists. The plant is admirably 
t'llted up with every Improvement to meet the re<|uirenRnts of 
the constantly increasing business, and the firm endeavors to 
merit the contidence of their patrons by shipping the very best 
gfwds on the most reasonable terms. A complete silver and 
nickel plating department has recently been added to the plant, 
enabling the tirm to supply the trade with goods made from 
hard or common metal si'ver or nickel plated at the lowest 




KKKOKRICK FINrKK AND SONS. 

prices, and castings of white Hritannia or haril metal are made 
for parties doing their own turning or having their own inoulds. 
The products consist of sprinklers for liquid or powder, bitter 
tidies, bottle caps, mustard, pepper and salt tops, ink-well 
covers, syringe caps and fittings, mucilage caps, metal valves 
for atomizers and syringers. The firm have a specialty in 
bottle stoppers, and make to order moulds from drawings or 
ex|)lan.itions. Their trade extends to New York. Philadelphia, 
Uoston. St. l.ouis, Ualtimore, Chicago, and in fact, to all the 
principal cities in the United States and Canada. I'inter and 
Brother are young and energetic business men, who are experts 
in the Britannia industry and worthy representatives of their trade. 




I li;.II.K IIUOIIII'.KS, CdKS, I. iii..xl\- AM, 



Ml I MKKKIS. 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLI'STRATED. 



187 



THE NEWARK WATCH CASE MATERIAL CO. 

THK plant which forms the illtistiation presented on this page, 
stands prominently among the industries which have con- 
tributeil to make Newark famous the world over. In callinu; 
attention to some of the ?uimerous industrial pursuits which are 
successfully conducted in the city, there are few that have 
achieved greater success than the Newark Watch Case Material 
Co. This result, in a large degree, is due to the push and 
enterprise of Alexander Mihie, the founder of the stem-winding 
attachment now in general use on American made watches. 

The stem winding apparatus which takes the place of the 
old obsolete key in every American made watch, is turned 
out of Newark factories. It is not surprising that New'ark 
should hold the industry of watch case material manufacturing. 



are not averse to purchasing the surplus from Newark's watch 
case material manufactures, which carries with it in the trade- 
mark it bears, the very highest qualities of perfection. 

Prior to 1874, when this company had commenced to manu- 
facture these articles, they were all imported direct from the 
.Swiss manufacturers, as all stem-winding watches were made in 
that country. The president. Alexander Milne, of this company, 
being a jeweler, and wide awake and alert, saw the opportunity 
to start the business here. His first move was to associate 
himself with a Swiss who had some practical experience in the 
watch case line. The necessary tools and costly machinery, 
which were indispensable adjuncts, were soon collected, and it 
was not very long before the case makers were purchasing their 
stem-winding crowns and other necessary material right here at 
home. 




WORKS OF THE NEWARK WATCH CASE MATF.klAI. Cn., N. E. ( 1 ik. MECHANIC AND WARD STREETS. 



when she has in the thousands of her happy homes, the skilled 
ariisans domiciled so necessary to run the machinery, and 
whose skilled hands handle the tools. It is passing strange too, 
that the writer should have the opportunity of recording the 
fact, that almost the entire product of the watch c.ise material 
is used up on this side of the ocean, and that the factories 
engagetl in this work are concentrated within the corporation 
limits of the city of Newark, and it naturally follows, and as a 
matter of course becomes very much of an item, in the grand 
intregal part of the whole of her manufacturing greatness. 

While the output of this great industrial establishment is 
consumed verv largely right here at home, each one of the 
many necessary little articles having some absolute qualification 
for meeting certain ends in the successful conduct of the sister 
industry of watch case making, yet other centres of industry 



There was no more going abroad, for the progressive spirit 
of a thorough-going Newark mechanic had made it unnecessary, 
through his genius applied. Although the beginnings were 
small, less than a half dozen men being employed, yet the 
growth of the industry has been phenomenal, arfd the company 
now have in their employ nearly one hundred skilled mechanics. 

In the person of W. .S. Richardson, the treasurer of the 
company. President Milne has a helpmeet indeed. Ills clear, 
keen eye takes in at a glance every move of man or machine, 
and his excellent judgment gives warrant of successful manage- 
ment and the best results. It is plainly due to the efforts of 
this company, and especially to President Milne and Treasurer 
Richardson, that Newark has become the centre of the 
watch case manufacturing industry of America. For years 
they have persistently championed the cause. 



/>,s 



/:ss/;\Y C"f.v7r. .v. ./., illustrated. 



C. M. RUSSELL 

Ni:\\AKK IS it IN. ^ivts ver\ fi-u pniiits In 
•.hiiw what it has Ijceii. it l)i'ini,' very I in^'lv 
,|i, "(ly years. Still there art- a 

I, ,. ;iiat v;rj l)ack in their history 

torolntiial tiiiR-s, and jjive a fair represtiitalion of 
the taste and al)ihty of their a^je. At that time 
very hllle aiil was hail from trained arihilectiiral 
\v.>rk. and the prelentiotis Ixiildings of tliat period, 
and 111 fai-l. for a long time after, were the work of 
sk; lers or masons, f'.rcat credit is due 

ih. I thev achieved. an<l as history repeats 

itself, so architecture returns once and again to the 
best and most retincd works of other times. We 
are onlv sorr)' that this spirit and taste does not 
alw.ivs hold trur, for there came a time in the 
history of our city when utility and the almighty 
dollar btrame dominant, and to this is due the 
sameness and lack of beauty of a large part of our 
ciiN. We arc oidy sorry that the substantiality of 
the work was not as bad as the taste; in that case 
we might hope for a new outlit for so prominent a 
place as the corner of .Market and Uroad Streets, 
for instance. Hut to such training as this can he 
traced the foundation for the exceptional ability of the building 
trade-, of the city of Newark. Her architects are the ec|uals of 
any. her l)uilding llrms have an unrivalled rei>utalion, both at 
home and abroad. The fact that almost all of the w ork done 
is by contract, proves their fairness and reliability. 

On this page the illustrations represent the old an<l time 
honored industry of Mr. Charles M. Russell, located at Nos. 38 
and 40 Crawford Street. Mr. Russell, the proprietor, is the 
successor to the firm of Russell it Sayre, whose business was 
established in 1876, and continued uninterrupted until 1S91, 
when this successful p.irtnership was dissolved. Mr, Sayre retir- 
ing to enti-r other business. In this factorv can be seen 





M HI ssF.1,1.. 



Wi.lKKs OK C. .M. RUSSEI.I., IIUILDICK, 38 A.M> 40 LkW^M'KU .SIREKf. 



the machinery that enables the modest house of to-day. to be 
finished far betterthan costly mansionsoftimesgoneby. Almost 
everything in the building trade is here produced, w'ork is given 
to a large force of men, and the facilities for trades, etc., equal 
to anv other. 

In addition to the necessary machine work for their own busi- 
ness, they do all kinds of mill work, sash, blinds, doors, mould- 
ings, etc., for the trade. Personal attention is given to every 
part of the work, and a specialty is made of odd furniture, glass 
littings. etc. At the corner of Kinney and Washington Streets 
is the lumber yard annex of this lusiness. where an assortment 
of everything for the retail trade is kept. 

Mr. Russell is a practical mechanic himself, a native of 
Morris County ; he came to this city at the age of 17, was an 
apprentice in the shop of Mr. Ezra Reeves, Mr. E. R. Carhuff 
being foreman at the time. Just after completing his apprentice- 
ship, he with sonic half dozen others of the same shop enlisted 
in the service of his country. Mr. Russell joined the old city 
battalion, and spent some time ilrilling in the old burying 
ground under Captain Kinney. He was finally mustered into 
Co. K, Second Regiment, New Jersey Volunteers. After an 
honorable term of three years service, the survivors of this regiment 
were mustered out. Mr. Russell resumed his trade, and after sev- 
eral years was taken in as partner by his old employer, Mr. Ezra 
Reeve. After entering into business with his nephew, Mr. 
S.iyre, as before stated, extended their work to all parts of the 
city and country. Several fine churches and many of the finest 
residences were erected by them. Mr. Russell Is a member of 
tiarlield Post, G. A. R., is one who takes a great interest in the 
welfare of the city, having faithfully represented his ward in 
the Hoard of Education, 

The career of such a man is but a representation of what our 
.-\merican citizenship can do for those who are energetic antl 
enterprising. The art of building is the oldest of all arts, and 
while, perhaps, not as honorable as some of its sister arts, yet 
it is fully as imporianl. The spirit of architecture has shaped 
the destiny of nations; with its advance we may see the 
growth and increasing wealth of every nation that fostered it, 
with its decline how (piick the fall. It is largely educational. 
A mind growing in an environment of taste and refinement will 
become an intelligent citizen. 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED 



189 




WORKS OF N". J. DKMAREST & CO., CORNER LAI AVEIIE STREET AM) N. .1. R. R. AVEXUE. 



N. J. DEMAREST & CO. 

H.AKNESS and saddler)' manufacture in Newark, although 
of magnificent proportions and volume, is not at the 
present day, in this respect, equal to the days previous to. during, 
and a few years after the war. In those palmy days New York 
city was the great head centre for merchants from all parts of 
the land, and New-ark its great workshop. The Southern 
markets were the acme of all Northern merchants, the West a 
good fill-in, but a side issue. Cotton was King. To-day, how 
changed ; while the productions in bulk, in the above lines, fail 
seriously to reach former days, still the quality and variety 

none with 




have materially improved, keeping pace with all advanced ideas, 
that the money value of its productions no doubt exceed those 
of old-fashioned times, and Newatk still maintains its lead and 
reputation as the great head centre for fine harness and saddlery. 
Among those of its manufacturers whose productions rank 
in the very hightest order of excellence, may be mentioned the 
the firm of N. J. Demarest & Co. The portraits of Mr. N. J. 
Demarest and son Daniel Demarest, and their factory on New 
Jersey Railroad Avenue, Lafayette and Bruen Streets are given 
herewith. It is with pardonable pride that we are permitted to 
speak in words of'commendation of our many industries, and of 
more pleasure 



N. J. DEMAREST. (DECE.\SED.) 



than the manufacture of 
harness and saddlery and its 
highly respected representa- 
tives, Messrs. Demarest X 
Co., who are now' among 
tlie patriarchs of the business 
yet full of that young fire, 
energy and ambition th.it 
never dies in the good busi- 
ness man. During the 
Franco-Prussian war, among 
other important contracts for 
the same purpose, this firm 
made and delivered artillery 
harness complete for four 
thousand horses, in eleven 
working days. This is a 
fair sample of the "push'' 
that exists in this city of 
workshops, which lias be- 
come noted as the Birming- 
ham of America. 




DANIEL DEMAREST. 



];n> 



HssEX cnrxTV, x. j., illustrated. 



HELLER it BROTHERS 

EI. IAS llrlltr, St-niiir. ^l.irlrd llii- iii.ini]f,u-liirr nf lilcs aiul 
r.is|)s, by all liaivl wurk. in Newark in 1M3O, llic trade 
I'lin^; rnlirciv with llie ronsinnirs ol ilir 1 ity .mil ilii' snrronnil- 
iiiK liiwns. Thr panic- i.f iSjS liavini; coMi|iellcil liini In jjivi- 
ii|> hi> liiisini-ss in N<«aik, he rcinmed lo West (hariye, but 
ouiii',' I" llir rcmiileness of lliis |ilai e as a business centre, and 
ill. imiease the business to any extent while dealing 

\M! liners exclusively, very little, if any. progress was 

made until iS6<>. when his three oldest sons. Klias C, Peter J. 
.Old Lewis H. took hold of the business and located at the 
corner of .\|ei hanic and W.ml Streets. Newark, and by their 
cneryv and push the business coinininced to thrive. They at 
once soui;hl to increase the business by soliciting trade from 
jobbers and dealers in the haidware trade through the I'nited 
States anil Cinada. 

Thus .It tirst meeting with no end of opposition from both 
dealer and consumer, as they were prejudiced against American 
tiles and rnsps.claiming that home goods could not be made equal 



On account of poor heallli. Peter J. was compelled lo retire 
from the firm in 1881. thus leaving entire charge of the business 
on the shoulders of F.lias G., who sought assistance by taking 
his two other brothers (ieorge K. and John J. and his brother- 
in-law r.rnest A. Geoffroy in the firm, all of whom had been in 
his employ for many years previous, thus having a thorough 
knowledge of all the varied details of the business, and since 
then he has had the assistance of his two oldest sons, Paul E. 
and Arnaud G. 

In 1884, owing to their great success with horse rasps, they 
undertook the manufacture of a high grade of Farriers' tools 
and to-day can offer the most complete line on the market. 
The Heller & Brothers brand of goods are considered the 
standard, and are now sold in every city in the L'nited States, 
as well as e.xported to Canada, Mexico, England, Russia. 
Germany, Australia and other foreign countries. 

The most useful tool in the world is acknowledged to be the 
tile, and the purposes to which it is adaptable, embrace not 
only the iei|uirements of the skilled mechanic, but the wants of 




PROSPECT AND VERONA 



to the English files and rasps, which at that time had the markets 
of this country, but by pcrseverence and hard work the firm 
brg.in to prosper, as the lonsumers realized the fact that the 
Americans could make as good files .and rasps as the I-jiglish 
manufacturers. 

Ill 1872. I.twis II. withdrew from the firm, and in 1874. 

owing III their limited (pLuters liny removed to their pl.nil on the 

N. Y. .V C. I.. K. K. corner of Ml. Piospect Avenue and 

\ rmie. Newark. With the new works and new and 

machinery the cpiality of the goods was still further 

improved, but owing to the fact that they were compelled lo 

buy their slecl. which at the best was not uniform, they ilid not 

gel .IS g.«,d results as they wished for. as first-dass uniform 

- in the manufacture of hi^h-gr.ide files 

en cleil a steel pl.ml for the manuf,ic- 

i lor tliiir own use, anil now they gel the best results 

'" '•"'" ''"' "■ -l"'Wn by iheir steady increase in 



almost every individual inhabitant. In early days crude files 
were constructed from the dried skin of a peculiar fish ; next 
they were made from copper and used in working the soft 
metals: iron was next substituted, and this was finally replaced 
by steel, which metal is unsurpassed for the purpose. At the 
present time, fully ninety per cent of all the files consumed are 
not only cut. but entirely manufactured by machinery. The file 
of the present day. made by machinery, surpasses in every 
respect those made by the old and less progressive method. 

Heller & lliothers manufacture every tlcscription of files and 
rasps, running in size from two to thirty inches, and in grade of 
cut. from twelve teeth to the inch, up to the number so large 
that the teeth become so fine that they are undetected by the 
naked eye, yet will withstand the most severe test. 

The binls-eye view of the works illuslratiiig this page, was 
sketched by our fellow-townsman. C. Durand Chapman, the 
well known artist, and they speak volumes for the determina- 
tion, pluck and enterprise of Heller & Brothers. 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. /., ILLUSTRATED. 



191 



K 1 A H K g^B^^^^^P 




WurKS (IK ENl.,ELI;t:K(.;i;K \ KARKHOkN, CORNER HUWARI> AND MKRi KK 



ENGELBERGER <&. BARKHORN. 

GETTING right down to solid facts, it will be found that 
among those industries which tend most to the main- 
tenance of the high character which Newark is celebrated for, 
in its buildings wherein is domiciled the capitalist and work- 
man alike, is that of door, sash and blind, frame, bracket and 
that of general light wood-working as also that of the factory 
buildings which rear their lofly heads far above their less pre- 
tentious neighbors. This branch of the wood working indus- 
tries carried on in this city, must needs take the lead of all 
others, so far at least as its output is designed for home con- 
sumption, unless we make an exception of the saw mill .iiul 
carpentery, than to the former must be rightfully awarded the 
first place or real initiative, unless we are permitted to follow 
the woodman into the depths uf the forest, to see him bury the 



bit of glittering steel into the giant oak. cloud-sweeping pine 
or deep-sighing hemlock. 

While there .ire nearly, or quite a hundred of great establish- 
ments where the buzz-saw and planers by the score are ke])t 
running like the flash of Ii;^'hlning. and where hundreds of men 
and boys are kept busy, yet there never seems to be an over 
supply. All the product from these great establishments 
which is not caught up and consumed by the home builders, 
finds a ready sale in the markets of the world, and indeed, 
quite a large percentage of the output goes direct from mills to 
shipboard for exportation. 

Among the great concerns engaged in the manufacture uf 
doors, door frames, window sash and frames, brackets, moldings, 
etc., is that of Engelberger & Barkhorn, who have their plant 
housed in the great buildings created for the purpose on the 




FKKD. liNGELBtKGliK. 



corner of Howard and Mercer 
Streets, with warerooms at 305. 307 
and 309 Springfield Avenue. The 
beautiful illustration here seen, gives 
but an introduction to what the con- 
cern in reality is. This industrial 
business was begun in the earh' 
fifties by the Augsler Bros., they 
being succeeded by Engelberger & 
Barkhorn, as now constituted. It 
was in T.S81, a little more than .1 
decade of years ago, when the 
young film with a cajiital all told, 
of loss than three thousand dollars. 
Hung lluir business banner to the 
lirceze. and at this writing they 
stand at the head of this industry. 
The partners are Newarkcrs 
and men of standing. Mr. Engel- 
berger not only handles the plank 
himself, but sees to it that his 
workmen do their share, while Mr. 
Barkhorn keeps his eye on the 
ledger and bank account. 




WM. C. BAKKUOKN. 



i:>2 



ESSEX COEXTV .\. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



Ir.i. ^. .^V-HELLER C. .... .;.;. 

NllWAKKS (irospcrity is based on the vnricty and cMtiil of 
her nianuf.icturinj; intcrcsis, ami slu- is always riady to 
welcome ever)' new enterprise which promises to add lo her in- 
dustrial fame. Her latest important actiuisilion is the wall- 
paiHT factor)- of the Corj-Heller Company, the only enterprise 
of this character within her limits. This eslalilishnieni is 
situated in the beautifid subuili of Korcsl Hill, at No. 87S Ml. 
I'rospect Aveiuic. and taking into consideration the convenience 
of its appointtnents. the perfection of its machinery and the 
excellence of its ory.mi/aUon. it is by no means invidious to say, 
that in cverv detail of its ec|uipment. it is better adapted to the 
production of p.iper-hanj;inj;s. at the minimum of cost, than 
:\n\ other existing,' factory in the United .Stales. 

In the lirst place, the factory building was erected especially 
for the purposes of the Cory-Heller Company, under the super- 
vi>ion of iis rresident. Mr. J. Stewart Cory, and its -Superinlen- 
dent and Colorisl, Mr. licnjamin Hems, the long connection of 



floors, thus saving in the item of expense for handling. Run- 
ning the full length of the shipping floors, along the whole 
building, is a side track accomodating eight cars, which, after 
loading, mav be transferred to any railroad within the territory 
of the United States. ("lOods may also be shipped byway of 
the Passaic I^i\er to all points accessible by water. These 
transportation facilities are ec|ually as valuable for the reception 
of all material to be used in the manufacture of the goods. 
The establishment is also in rapid communication with Newark 
by trolley cars, which run to its door. 

.Mr. J. Stewart Cory, the President and Ceneral Manager of 
the Company, is widely and favorably known in the wall-paper 
business, with every department of which he is thoroughly 
acipiainted. Mr. K. G. Heller, the Vice President, is a successful 
manufacturer, a man of large means, the senior partner in the 
extensive business of Heller & Brothers, of Newark, file, steel 
and tool makers, and has long been identified prominently with 
public affairs. His sons Paul K. and Arnaud I".., who are 







WORK.S OK IMK ( OKY-IIKI.I.KK CO., ON N. V. ,v c. I,. K. 



R. AND MT. IM-tOSl'ECT AVENUE. 



both of whom wilh lln' indusiry, and tluir praclical knowledge 
of its commerci,il and lechnicil «Klails, have made them 
acknowledge authorities on .ill lh,il perl,iin lo the business. 
In the conslniclion of the building, therefore, no labor or ex- 
|«-nsc h.i.s been >p,ircd to perfect the arrangeiiiont of details 
in every branch of the c-^l,d)lishminl in order to meet the latest 
and most exacting reipiiremenls of ihe lra<le. 

Take .is an ilhislralion the extreme Irnglh of ihe factory, li 
me.isuri-s 55; feel from front to re.ir, with .1 sp.ice of fourleen 
fill between lloor and ceiling where Ihe printing m;ichines ,ire 
in operation. No oihcr wall-paper factory in this counlry li.is 
I he ailvanl.ige of such inagniliccnt dislances. 

Still .inollur adv.inlage is enjoyed by the f.K lory, the 

ti can scarcely be over-eslim,iled. lis 

W7.lir or I ruck, to remote or near-by 

perfect. Il is silu.iled on Ihe m.dn line of 

' I'iusion of Ihe ICiic Uailro.ul. The goods 

'iUlh.M .ire roineycil by chules lo Ihe shipping 



respectively Treasurer and Secretary of the company, have 
long been as.sociated with their father in his varied undertak- 
ings, ;ind their natural abilities have been supplemented by 
.1 thorough schooling in substantial and honorable business 
enterprises. The Superintendent and Colorisl, Mr. IJcnjamin 
Hems, also a member of the company, has spent all his work- 
ing life in this business. 

With ample money, perfect e(|uipnient and Ihe best technial 
and business organization, the Cory-Heller Co. is detrrmined 
lo make a grade of goods well suited to the trade, and in lime 
w ill no doubt prove to be a successful investment for the enter- 
prising men who have founded the industry here. The ni.inu- 
f.ictiire of wall-])aper is a business which calls for the utmost 
.illenlion lo del.iils before a reputation can be achived, ami is 
retained only by unrelaxed watchfulness. 

The illiislnilion presented on Ibis page gives an Idea of this 
immense plant which adds a new industry to the numerous 
others which have made the city of Newark so well noted. 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



193 



THE E, E. HOGAN SHOE MANUFACTURING CO. 

THIS concern whose factory we illustrate, is one of the 
oldest members of the shoe trade in New Jersey. It was 
established in November, 1866, by the late Patrick Hogan, and 
its career has been invariably charactized by the energy anil 
sterling integrity of its management. Begining with very 
limited capital, the venture was a success from its inception, 
and ra[)idly assumed a position as one of the foremost shoe 
manufacturing firms of the State. After successfully weather- 
ing the financial panic of 1873, Patrick Hogan was forced to 
the wall by heavy and successixe losses in 1881. The creditors, 
reali/ing that the failure was due entirely to misfortune and that 



expanded until new and more commodious quarters liecame a 
necessity, and accordingly the present fine building, 1 50 x 40, 
four stories and a basement, was erected, and the firm took 
possession January 2, 1S96. 

Mindful of his promise made to his creditors, Patrick Hogan. 
during all this time was accumulating a fund that was to 
redeem that pledge, but overwork defeated his noble and)ition, 
and after a short but painfull illness, he died on March 3, 
i88g, with the dying injunction to his children to redeem his 
promise. 

The story of that incident is still fresh in the public mind ; 
hardlv a child in Newark but knows how Miss Hog.in paid 




^sppCFE 




s ■ 



lll'^tlMl 



iilliii « 



I 



i[>^ 



?:-^*NV*:*Si;.i:,-v,: 



THE E. E. HOGAN SHOE MAXUFACTURING CO.'S PLAN t ON CEN-fRAL AVENUE. 



no taint of dishonesty attached to the house, very readily 
accepted a settlement of their claims on the basis of twenty per 
cent., and Patrick Hogan, with shattered health, but indomitable 
energy, set out to retrieve the past, and, as he had promised, to 
repay his creditors in full. In this effort he was most ably 
assisted by his daughter. Miss Elizabeth E. Hogan, and liy his 
adopted son, George Higginson, the former in charge of the 
htting room, the latter as general superintendent. 

The new firm was conducted under the name of E. E. Hogan, 
and continued at the old stand, 337 Plane Street. Success 
followed the new firm from the start ; the business rapidly 



forty thousand dollai's to her dead father's creditors, in full 
settlement of all their claims, and how this act was hailed 
as a most extraordinary proof of the sterling integrity and 
rugged honesty of the Hogan family. The desired end having 
been accomplished, Mr. George Higginson, to whom in a great 
measure was due the success of the firm, and Mr. Matthew 
\V. Hogan became jjartners in the concern, under the name of 
the E. E. Hogan Shoe Manufacturing Company, which began 
business on July 15, 1889, with a paid-up capital of $60,000. 
Starting under such auspicious circumstances, it is hardly 
necessary to say that the firm has been successful. They 



;:'/ 



ESSEX corxrv. x. /.. illustrated. 






^ ^^^, ^ , , ,, .,,.,,:-.- .,liililun'>. 1k>\'--ii"1)'^'"''^ *^'""^^ 

vvIm, I. h..vf a well .lc«nolrci.>.l..li..n..> lain;; the I.lM ucm- 
,„., i.r , ..iinlry. :.l lli< |iri> rs , harj^cd. .cml «l'ich 

„^ , I ;,nv line ..[ sho. s (or >i> Ic anil appeal ancc 

Viiv. an.l cncruelic, (ulK ali^. i.. iIk- requirements of ll.e 

,;,, ! 1 ll...^.,n Slioe Cniiipany are always keenly alive 

r.ul arc al\va\- alireast i)f tilt times. Their 

, ., , lied with all llie latC5t anil most improved 

^ llie ('...odyear sy>tcm. and their two 

,,i„i i,i;> , are l.ept eonslantly hustling to 

.„p|,K the ever-in. : :i'aml for the eompany 's |.roduct. 

Til, spun- -cason ol i,s./. was a record-breaker in the history 



lit. II iniu 
HuiuirtMl 



MAHER Sl FLOCKHART. 

THI-: lower section of the city east of the I'ennsylvania Rail 
road is steadily advancing as a manufacturin<j centre. 
Here are situated many large industrial plants, located among 
them being the large iron foundry of Messrs. Maher & Flock- 
hart, corner of I'olk and Clover Streets. 

This firm had a very humble beginning. In May, 1SS2, they 
rented a small building on I'olk Street, and with the assistance 
of one employee, connnenced the manufacture of grey 
iron castings. Ueing practical men and thoroughly con- 
versant with the foundry business, they soon established a 




WiiKKS Ml MAIIKK A lI'lCKIl.XKr, UN IMH.K SIKKI'.f. 



of the house, .is they turned out during tli.it iiitire perio<l, an 
average of <).fjoo pairs per week, the greatest produilitpn of 
shoes. Iiy far, ever creililed to ,1 shoe maniif.ietoiv in New 
Jersey. The fimrs product is sold through New I'.ngland and 
the Middle and Southern Stales, and as .1 proof of their (pialilv. 
It IS only necessary to s,iy ih.it they lind a ready sale even in 
Hnsion and l.ynii, the very heart nf the shoe industry of 
Massai hiisells. The oDicirs of the conip.mv are the same 
now 11S971 as .It the start ; (".eorge lligginson. rresideni ; 
M.ilihcw \V. Mog.iii. Secretary ; Kli^.ibeih I",, llogan. Treasurer, 
.ind i( imlirations count for anything, the eoiu ern is but just 
inliimg ii|ioii a i arecr that will surpass in activity and pros- 
periiN .• ii they have \et experienced. 

I h- presented on the preceding p.ige, gi\cs to the 

Mil. 1 of ihe 1Mp.11 ily of this pl.inl. which h.is ron- 

■•'"'" •!'•!• > 1.. ihi- prosperity .ind gooil name 



repni.ition for making heavy and light machinery castings of c 
superior <|uality. The result was that their business increased 
to such .111 extent that each year saw an addition to their plant, 
until every av.iilable foot of ground was occupied. 

In t8Si; they ])urchased a large plot of land bounded by Hoik 
and Clover Streets anil the New Jersey Central Railroad, upon 
which they erected ;i brick building So .x 200, with additional 
buildings for boiler .iiid engine rooms and pattern shop, which 
forms the illuslralions herewith given. In 1891 they again 
found it necessary to increase their capacity, and erected a 
building f), X 85 for the m.inufaclurc of light castings exclusively. 
They employ over too men, the majority of whom are skilled 
mechanics. Iking progressive business men and thorough 
mechanics, their foundry is e(|uippetl with the latest improved 
cupolas, power cranes, and every appliance to facilitate the 
manufacture and handling of castings. A siding connects the 
works with the main line of the Central Railroad. 



ESSEX COrXTY, N. J., ILLlSTRATEn. 



195 




WORKS IIF IHK H. P. WnZK.I, COMPANY, WUICHT STR|:K|-, AVKNUE A. ANM Mill ER SIUEKT. 



H. P. WITZEL COMPANY. 

THE foundation of Newark's greatness as a nianufacturiiif; 
city was laid in the tanning of hides and the making of 
leather. From the beginning, this industry has seemed to draw 
the most active and business-like men, as well as the thoroughly 
skilled mechanics and artisans around its. in many respects, 
uninviting exterior. The reason for this lies in the fact that tlie 
great incentive which draw men on — the rich results — were ever 
present. Whether the purity of the water and high C|u.ility of 
the materials used has done its part, results alone can tell. The 
facts are before us that no set of men can make a better show- 
ing on the tax books of the assessor than can those engaged in 
the manufacture of the great staple — leather. 

Among the nearly one hundred firms engaged in this branch 
among the thousands of Newark's teeming industries, is that of 
the H. P. Witzel Company, who carry it on e.xtensively in the 
capacious factory buildings, photographs of which grace this 
page. 

This factory was established in 1S79. and has now been run- 




H. p. vvnzEL. 



ning most successfully for nc.irly a decade and a half of years. 
Mr. H. P. Witzel. wlui honors the concern with his name, and 
is President of the company, is a thorough tanner, and takes 
pnde in his art, never ceasing to labor for its exaltation by 
turning out the very finest leather that human ingenuity can 
produie. Close application to business, deep study and pains- 
taking care has produced such results, which, when studied 
with care by others, redound to his credit and make him 
an authority. 

In 18S9 Messrs. August Loehnberg and Daniel Kaufherr were 
admitted as partners in the concern, and thus bringing to con- 
duct the industry, genius, talent and business acumen which 
soon confirmed the promises which Mr. Witzel saw in the pro- 
posed combination and enlargement. liut many a brilliant 
promise has been nipped in the bud, and so it proved to this 
firm when the apparent certainty of an early future of success in 
business was checked by fire, when on Dec. 25, 1890. the entire 
plant was destroyed. Nothing daunted by this catastrophy how- 
ever, the go-ahead firm, which knew no such word as fail, set to 
work immediately to clear away the charred remains of the 
debris out of the energy of years of labor, and began the con- 
struction of larger, better and more modern and convenient 
buiUlings in which to rebuild the stricken industry, and in a 
marvelously short period of time the wonderfully capacious and 
convenient buildings now occupied by the firm, and which the 
photographer's artist has transferred so truthfully to these 
pages, were ready to receive all the very latest and best im- 
proved labor and time-saving furniture and machinery necessary 
for carrying on the manufacture of leather. The fire took |)lace 
on December 25, 1890, and the new fai tories, to take the 
l)lace of the old, were ready August i, 1S91. The present 
oflkers of the company are: H. P. Witzel, President; Frank 
Schwarzinaelder, \'ice-President ; Daniel Kaufherr, Treasurer. 
Located convenient to railroad facilities, where an easy and 
cheap transportation of the raw material and finished pioduc- 
tions are enjoyed, this prosperous firm carry on their growing 
business, making all kinds of patent and enameled leathers for 
domestic and export trades. The tanneries of this firm also 
inake a fine grade of fancy morocco finish leather for uphol- 
sterers' use, which finds a ready sale wherever there is a demand 
for this line of leather productious. Into the vats of this firm, 
250 hides find their way each week, which are |)ut through and 
finished by the nearly fifty workmen. 



];>r, 



ESSHX ColXTY. X.J., ILLUSTRATED. 



FINTER & CO. 



Wllll.l'- ih.- iii.!^-in of w.i.^'dii m^ikiii;; is in 
111,- s.riu- villi llial nf rairi.l.l,'' 

^. tiiii' i^ >■; ■' Illi.Ullty .Mil, I.I,, r 

\|i|.irialioii llurti.l \\ liii li 

: 1 sp.iri- allrillecl U) liii^ ■,•,,, tk. i-. 

n.iilf for liusiiuss anil llic Larri- 

.i-r l.'i plia^nrr. Now, u liilf ihis sLilcinent will 

..■ '.,.,, r,,. ,;,,~. I -., ri-.i!i,-. - i' i-- n'--ir cnoujjli 

: own pur- 

IM^ ..; 1, ;• ■..- n 1 . I i'. .io wilh till' 

,.|.liril lo ilu- iii.ikin^ of iKilli heavy 

l.iiiii .mil bicwei) wa;4ons. li^lu and ln-.ivy 

lis .inil liusincss vehicles gt-iicrally. which 

1^ loniliii'ifil rxlfnsi\cly in Newark, not alone in a 

proilucliun for lionie s.ile. service and consuinplion. 

hut for outside markets as well. 

Mr. Frederick l-'inter. one of (he oldest and most 
respected ("lerman citizens, was horn in Germany, 
June S, 1S14. He .irrived in Newark, N. J., in 
1834. and devoted himself to the business of wagon 
making. When he came here there were only live 
tierman families in this city. Me climbed up lIu 
ladder with a sturdy determination which brooked 
no failure, and as a result of his industry and per- 
severance he was able, along with six other wagon-m.ikcrs, to 
begin business in 184S. at the corner of Hamilton and Bruen 
Streets. Step by step he went on incrc.ising his knowledge and 
e\tcn<ling his efforts until llnally he became sole proprietor of 
ihe l.irge business which has since been carried on under his 
personal supervision up lo a few months before he died, which 
was May 1. iSSj. He employed very few helpers when he 
commenced business for himself, and depended largely on his 
own educated .arms ami hands to push his steadily growing 
industr)'. 

The successful results which followed his efforts show how 
faithfully he \vorke<l and what an indomitable spirit of deter- 
mination he brought to bear in ihe consummation of his ideal 
project, o{ buililing up a great business upon such solid and en- 
during foundations as would be as lasting as the wagons he was 
cng.agcd in building. The founder of this now enormous wagon 
manufacturing industry was one of those sturdy characters 
wlio was not content to scan the ])resent with his clear eye, but 




iivsH35!£H^^4?n 




11 



njl ^r 




WORKS 0|.- FINTI.'.R .V CO., MAUKI l' AMI CONGRKSS STRi:i.;TS. 



was ever peering away into the future and endeavoring so far 
as possible to reach out for new ideas to build the very best he 
knew, and with this end in view he made wagons better and 
better as the years went on. but never, so far he could divine, 
did he build "better than he knew." When the time came 
that this father of one of Newark's important industries, and 
one who had laid the foundations in such, of the virtues that 
should make them enduring as time itself and had cemented 
it wilh his own good name, should lay aside his apron and tools 
for the last time, he could turn the institution over to his son, 
that he might continue its conduct under the name of its 
founder. 

After the death of Mr. Finter, his son. William F". Fainter, 
took full control of the business and, as it increased year by 
year, and the factoiy became too small to meet the require- 
ments of the trade, he purchased the ground, in 1891, at the 
corner of Market and Congress Streets, and erected one of the 
tinest .and most complete w.agon factories in the State. He is a 




thorough mechanic, having learned the trade with 
his father before he took charge of the business. 

As the reader turns the pages of this ESSKX 
CiiUNiv, N. J.. Ii.l.usTR.\i|..D, and art treasure. 
.in<l reads the short and succinct histories of the 
-•iver.il industries, there are few who will find that 
the illuslr.ilion speaks a better language than that 
rc|)resenting the great establishment of Finter \ 
Co., on this page, one of the oldest in its line in 
Newark, and conducted by his son. Thousands of 
business houses all over I'.ssex County and the 
Sl.ilc of New Jersey have abundant reason for 
ipprrii.iiion of Ihe good work clone by this com- 
p.iny of wagon builders. For nearly a half a 
. inliiry ihe name of F"inter branded on a wagon 
has been aci (pled as the sign of its high (pialily 
ill the Sl.ite of New Jersey. 

'Ihe life-like photos of the founder and his son, 
who at pnseiit so ably conducts the liusiness, are 
speaking likenesses of Ihe men who have been fac- 
lors in promoting ihe carriage and wagon industry 
f"r which Newark has become so justly noted. 




FRIinEKICK FINTEH, FOIINDEK. 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



197 



JOHN REILLY. 

THE future of Newark as a nianiifactiiriiig point is not 
a matter of guess-work. It would have been made 
a certainty by its leatlier interests alone. The magni- 
tude of this industry can scarcely be related without ex- 
citing a doubt as to the credibility of the narrator and 
the credulity of the reader, but in commercial circles the 
immensity of the business is well known. 

In the front rank of the patent and enameled leather 
manufacturers, stands Mr. Reilly, who, in 1871, established 
the factory on A\enue C, Murray and Astor Streets, near 
Emmet Street Station, of the Pennsylvania Railroad, now 
one of the most prominent plants of its kind in the 
country. Every process through which the leather 
passes from its crude state to its hnished state is under 
his personal supervision, and its market is the world. 
A thoroughness of manufacture and an enterprising 
policy of doing business, coupled with the known integ- 
rity of the man in commercial circles, compass the reasons 
of his e\xeptional success. Time was when Newark's 
leather industry was confined to a few tanners of hides, 
and those who put them in shape for carriage use- or 
for that matter any use to which enameled leather may 
be put — were few and far between. 

Their product was the poorest, and would have driv en 
the trade away from Newark but for the work of such 
men as Mr. John Reilly. He is one of those who brought 
to bear upon the industry a wealth of energy and brain 
which would have ensured success to any enterprise. 
It was attention to detail, a keen knowledge of the 
requirements of business, and a determination to win, 
characteristic of the man, which won the way. The half 
tone engravings, from photographs, represented on this 
page, convey to the reader an idea of the works which 
Mr. John Reilly founded, and has presided over for nearly 
a ([uarter of a century. - 

The golden value of a practii-al and thorough business 





JOHN REIM.V. 



I'ArKNT ANU ENAMI.II.U l.lvA r II KK WUKKS OV JOHN REILLY, 
AVEN'UE C, MURRAY AND ASTOR STREETS. 

education for men who embark in the manufacturing pursuits, 
has seldom found a more forcible illustration than in the case 
of Mr. John Reilly. Here is a man whose steady success has 
frequently led citizens to inquire the cause, which was princi- 
pally his entering the patent and enameled leather industry 
with a keen understanding of its many intricate demands. 
He has labored strenuously to produce the very best of leather. 



i;>s 



rssi:x crn-xTV. x. j., illistkated. 



SCHMIDT & SON 



T 



III 



Si iiiniilt .mil Smii iliiriii;.,' liu- 
■ - I' 1-. rtnilnril v.ilii.ili!'' 
111^ iiiiluslry iif tin- 
^,.,1 ■ ■!. ii I.I iIr- wrsKTM sri 1 
}) 1^ li»-.-r\ liiiilt ii[v wirliiii I In- I 



|.:is 



lifl\ 



I lUlMI' 

■ \ .iliipii-. 

Ml IJU- 

II I hi' f.isl 
•n S|>rii>i;- 



ri\li r|)ri-.mi; 




Siiiilli I )r.Mii;r Avcmirs. willi 
|ilii)|ii-; of ilic fimiuli-r :iiiil liis 
111. wild li.ne ilcvoli-d their 
hvts ID iliis |>;iriii iilar inilusiry wliiih h.ts 
cniiinliuliil, in an luimlik- depict-, lowaids 
I re.ilinjj a drealcr Newark. 

To just suih iiistitiitinns as this over 
whiih till- Schmiihs |)risi<lf, f.itlur and 
Mill, is Newark imleliteil for her plunoin- 
en.iljjrow ill anil nialirial j;iealness. W'ilh- 
oiit the assistance of the steam saw .inil 
planing mill estalilishments the ciiv 
wiiulil niaki- liilt .in onlinary shouinL;. 

This hovisr. now so well anil favor. ibly !^' HMHH -v sii\. sTl. \ 
known, hej;. in its career nearly h.ilf .i cen- ' ' KNIM. 

lury ajjii. Mr. .Scluniill hail heen educated 
In the husiness .mil had early been ini- 

presseil with ihennejjrand desider.iliiin in wood-\voikin<^. thai his 
liniher must be thoroughly seasoned before usiiiLf. When a 
pine of bo.iid went mider his planeis, or timber into his lathes, 
it was well dried, hard and cl.istic, with a Mm: as straight 
as the bow wood of the native Indi.iii. As his business 
;;rew and the want of assistance came upon him. he employed 
none but skilled workmen and the Latest and best improved 
woiMJ-workinj; machines and machinery, and at this time there 
is in ronslant use in the factory as line a plant of m.ichincs, 
inai hinery and woml-workin},' tools as are to be found in any 
industrial establishment in the country. The factory buildings 
of this lirni, whii h h.ive a truthful illustr.ition on this page, arc 



very capacious, and have steadily pro- 
gressed as the increase of business 
demanded. The manufactory building is 
,1 three-story brick structure. 50 x 80 feet, 
giving a floor room in each story of 4,000 
sipiare feel. Along with this they h.i\e 
ipiile extensive yard room for storing tim- 
ber and lund)er, and vet the demand 
comes up for still more room than can 
be commanded from plots Nos, 20 and 22 
I'.roonie Street. The great variety of 
si vies, forms, patterns and shajies of 
wood articles which come forth from the 
doors of their factorv would create some- 
thing of amazement in the mind of anyone 
im.ic(|uainted with the wood-workmg 
industry. The firm makes a sjiecialty of 
<ai penteis' sawing and turning, and 
among the multitudinous jiroducts may 
lie mentioned, columns, balusters, line 
and hitching posts, circular moldings and 
scores of articles in a gre.it variety of 
p.itlcrns are reckoned among the output. 
.Sir.ingers h.ive keen known to stand for 
hours in the presence of one of their 
lurning lathes while the expert turner 
dexterously fashions the article of beauty 
or utility, close watching him as he guides 
the sharp tool over its swift-llying form 
of seasoned wood of oak, mahogany, 
rosewood, pine, hemlock, or whatever kind of wood the heart 
of the operator may be for the time inclined to use for the 
purpose intended or to fill an order. 

The buz/, upright and scroll saws, the planers and moulders 
as handled by this lirm have done their jiart in the revolution in 
house trimming in the last fifty years. It is surprising, indeetl, 
how beautifully many of these machines — automatic lo a great 
extent— w.ilk through the timber boards and planks placed 
before them, and it does seem as though by and by they would 
begin lo talk — yes, in their ow n peculiar way they do even now 
speak a language that is easily interpreted by the manufacturer 
and banker, and we opine, as the years go by and the wealth of 



s \ \V 

Mll.l. 



A N D 




the capitalist unfolds more 
.mil more clearly lo the 
Mew of the genius of 
inveiilions. and the guard- 
ian ,ind key-holder of the 
still hidden mysteries of 
mechanics an<l mechan- 
isms is forced to listen to 
ihe persistent appeals lo 
unlock the inner doors of 
I his inner safe and set 
free for the uses of man 
I he new. which perchance. 
may be old, that the great 
1 Volutions now in pro- 
gress may st.irtic t he world 
in novelty, value and gold- 
en purpose. As the great 
procession of the indiislrv 
moves on, cap.irisoned in 
Ihe linished harness of 
novelty and usefulness, 
Ihe great rloml of witnes- 
ses will shout "well done," 




UL.NKV .\. iCILMIUI . 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



199 



HALEY & SLAIGHT. 

THE city of Newark, N. J., lias become noted 
throughout the ci\ilized world, principally on 
account of the finely tinished and durable qualities 
of its manufactured products. In this connection 
it will not be out of place to call some attention to 
the manufacture of cigars, which has now become 
a prominent factor among the numerous industries 
for which the city has become famous. Among 
the many enterprising firms engaged in the cigar 
Hade there is, perhaps, none better or more widely 
known than the firm of Haley & Slaight, ])roprietors 
of the " Lincoln Cigar Factory." which form the 
illustrations on this page. 

The business was originally founded a ([uarter of 
a century ago by the senior member of the present 
tinn "f Haley & Slaight, whose life-like photos are 
herewith presented. Both gentlemen are well- 
known Newarkers from away back, Mr. HaUy 
being a practical cigar maker by trade, while Mi. 
Slaight is a salesman of considerable e.\])erience. 
The faitorv is thoroughly equipped with every 
known inq)ro\ement to the trade, the choicest 
brands of leaf tobacco are selected for slock, and 
])ractical cigar makers only are employed on the 
numerous brands of cigars which are manufac- 
tured by the rtrm. The following jiopular brands 
are well and favorably knowai in the city and su- 
burbs : ■■ Haley's Original Lincoln," " Little I'hil 
Sheridan," "Sweet Mane," "Governor Griggs," 
"Henry Clav," "New 5l)le I'erfecto," etc., etc. 
The " Lincoln " brand has become famous to lovers 
of a good, quiet smoke, and are, without doulil, 
the best ten cent cigar produced in the I'nited 
States. 

Mr. Hale\ is a \eteran of the war for the Union. 
.1 member of Lincoln I'ost, and is connected with 
many other organizations which reflect credit on 
our city and its wontlerful progress in the mechan- 
ical trades. The members of the rirm devote their 
personal attention to every detail of the cigar busi- 
ness, and by their diligence and honorable dealings 
WMth customers have built up a fair trade in genuine 



HALEY «^SLAJGHT 




LINCOIHCICAU FACTORT 





CiKOKLiK W . U.ALliV. 



HAI.I-.V i SLAKlHi S 
hand-made cigars. Of late years 
.idulteration and deception have 
been carrieil on to a considerable 
e.\tent in this country in the manu- 
facture of ci,gars, so that the clilli- 
I iilty of obtaining a first-class smok- 
ing article has become a by-word 
among lovers of the weed. There 
are, however, some tirms that stead- 
fastly adhere to honorable methods, 
who manufactme and handle only 
genuine goods, and among such 
doing business in this city we men- 
lion with pleasure tlie "Lincoln 
Cigar f-'actorv," whose founder, Mr 
C.eoige Haley, is a recognized au- 
ihnrity on the grade and cpiality of 
leaf tobacco. 

The brands made by this house 
are maintained at the highest stand- 
ard of excellence, and for (jualily. 
liiiish ,iiul llavor are uiiriv.dled b\ 
any similar product in the country. 



cir.AR i--.\croRV, markkf street. 




IIE.NKV L. SI.AIGHI. 



L\s-sc.v cnrxTV. x. j., illustrated. 



JOHN SCHICK 

TllKKI-. .iti- iliiiihtliss iliosf 
wlio iHVtr lliiiik luyimil 
Ihi- iiMMiii. u huh tlu y ^>'riri.iM- 
,li,|. ur' lilJIl. IICMT 

i..ri,.s\ini; • li.it "'■') '"-' 

in >torc lui ihc iin.irdW, whi ii 
I'.r . I i s.iii-.ric(l uilh I hi- iii-d.iy. 
■ miiliiiL; i.l tin- \iri'iii 



i ur umild liiitililc 
, .ihniil till- fulure. 
irril\ was riilain to 
I ,ki iiH- plarc iif abiiiKlaiiic-. 
A word lo the wise ouahl lo be 
sunicirrit. Hul wc opine that 
ihc halt will not be sounded 
lill the time wiicii the pirk and 
Nhovel o( the miner shall delve I - 
in vain and the car wheels no 

I .ni;er turn under the weii,'hl of \liw .in i.akdin m 

iheir precious burden, and the 

puff of thick smoke from the pipe of the ocean steamer shall 
no loiijjer jjladden the heart of the watchman at Fire Island, 
'rhcn, and not until then, will come up the dreadful alarm. 
So it was with the work of conversion of the beautiful trees 
of the forests inio fuel, .ind which have been forced awny 
forever. The rinj; of the woodman's axe that felled the 
beauties, now cea.se to salute ihc ear, and the tongue of llamc lo 
devour, so lonj; as there was a promise of pay or profit in it. 

There is no city in the American I'nion of like popul.ition 
that ciinsumes annually more coal than the city of Newark, 
N. J. With a popul,ilioii of 235.000 inhabil.mts, in which 
manufnclurinj; rst,d)lishMienls ,iie so numerous, the coal trade 
is one of the most important industries in the city. 

.\inont; the many able and enterprising citizens now engaged 
in the lo.d trade of this city, we may mention the name of Mr. 
John Schick, who deals in all kinds of I.ehigh and Free-lJurning 

the lowest 
For the 
he has bee 




Kill, M I ' > \^ I 



'H \ >^ 1 1 K K > c ' 



\ 1. .1 \ I P ll I, I'i IM 






coal, George's Creek Cinnbcrland co.il a specialty. A view of 
the office and yards which form an illustration on this pajje, 
located at Nos. 74, 76, 78. 80 and 82 Garden Street, Newark. 
N. J., between N. J. R. R. Avenue and Pacific Street. The 
business was established in May. 1 875, and during the past 
twenly-tw'o years, through hard work, energy and integrity, 
Mr. John Schick has built up a trade of which he may be proud. 
l^Ie has been before the public in general nearly twenty-five 
years, and during all that time he has demonstrated his repu- 
tation of conducting the business on strictly honest basis. 

The liberal patronage which the public have accorded this 
geiitlem.in demonstrates ihal Mr. Schick has always dealt in 
the best (|iiality of coal; and he always gives full weight, 
twenty hun<lred pounds to the ton. The facilities which Mr. 
Schick possesses are in every respect .\ Xo. 1, and he is 
prepared lo furnish the very best coal in any desired (|uantily ai 

jiossible price. 

past ten years 

n most fortun- 




.ilely released from much 
of his business burden by 
his son, Albert Schick, 
who has taken the place 
of his honored father in 
ihe general management 
of the business, Mr. .Al- 
bert Schick, whose por- 
trait is displayed before 
the public, is a very .active 
young business man, hav- 
ing graduated from the 
New Jersey Business 
College in 1SS7. He has 
since been very .iclive in 
the m.in.igetnenl of his 
f.illur's business, and 
frcHM present indications 
he will make .1 successfid 
helpmeri lo his father. 



^ 




Al.llKKT SCHIl K 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J.. ILLUSTRATED. 



201 



FREUDENTHAL & ADLER. 

THK industries of Ne\varl< are so luiiiierous 
anil varied, that it would be difHcult to 
name any known branch of trade which is not 
represented among them. Few cities, if any. 
can be found of similar size and population 
where so many diversified industrial plants 
have been organized and established. The 
handiwork of Newark artificers have been in 
steady and ever-increasing demand in all the 
countries of the world, and in this connection, 
we desire to call the attention of the readers of 
E.ssEX County, N. J., Illustr.ated, to the 
merits of Freudenthal & Adler. proprietors of 
the Post Office cigar factory. 

The demand for cigars and tobacco has 
grown to such large proportions that the trade 
necessarilv involves considerations of great im- 
portance. I'lUt even this rule applies to the 
trade at large. It will be observed, readily 
enough, that some firms possess advantages 
over others in the same line of business, the 
result, in some cases, of long e.xperience, while 
in other instances, the fact comes about through 
a natural aptitude for the particular trade 
in which these firms are engaged. In the 
making of a fine cigar, for instance, Messrs. 
Freudenthal & Adler, of No. 276 Market Street, 
have obtained an enviable reputation for the 
famous brand of " Post Office " cigars manu- 
f.ictured by this firm. The illustrations here displayed show 
life-like photos of the firm, also their factory and salesroom. 
Both gentlemen are Newarkers, and practical cigar-makers of 
considerable experience, having a reputation for the various 
brands of cigars which are manufactured by their house. The 
firm have made a success with their superior " Post Office " 
brand, which is claimed to be one of the best ten cent cigars 
that can be had ; reliable and always the same. 

Their other brands are known as, ■' Gold Prize," "True 
.American," " Our Captain." "Captain C," " F. & A. Specials," 
•• F. & A. Ponies." " Flor De Leopold." " Newark's," and 
numerous others. The firm give steady employment to over 




POST OFFICE CIG.AR FACTORY, ON M.^VRKET STREE'f. 




twenty-five men and lioys. A choice stock of chewing and 
smokiug tobacco, snuff, fancy pipes and smokers' articles, are 
always carried in stock, which are offered to customers at 
reasonable prices. All orders are carefully filled at the lowest 
market rates. The firm is well and favorable known in the 
trade, with good business qulifications combined with pluck 
and energy, having for their motto, the only rule whose guid- 
ance means success — the rule of commercial truth. 

The consumption of cigars by the people of the United States, 

has increased to immense proportions during the past quarter 

of a century, while the trade of manufacturing them has steadily 

increased, and has now become one of the noted industries of 

Millions of capital is 



WILLIAM ADI.KK. 



the country 
invested, and thousands of people 
find employment in the production 
of this luxury, which has become 
so popular among lovers of the 
weed. Messrs. Freudenthal and 
.■\dler, proprietors of the " Post 
Ofiice " cigar plant, have, by their 
thrift, skill and attention to busi- 
ness, raised themselves up from 
the position of journeymen, to 
their present standing in the trade. 
The products of their factory, con- 
sist of the choicest brands of 
■■Union made cigars,'" which aie 
shiiiped to the leading cities of the 
country, and their home trade is 
of considerable impoitance in this 
city and its suburbs. 

The firm enjoys a well earned 
reputation in trade circles, and the 
good-will and esteem of all with 
whom they have business relations. 




LEOl'OLO FKLUDKNTHAL. 



L'li 



Essi:x corxTV x. ,/.. illustratep 

THE PRUDENTIAL INSURANCE CO OF AMERICA 



1 



U\ I II 111. .■sl,il.li'~liiii<;lil ••! ll. '^ 'l*^' "" 

. . .:.i.,., I -, iS-;, \\,r Ml. • "f 111'- 

: |.iiiH-ilic.n 

line oppoi - 

~ TlolU' wli.il- 

ivi/i'c Mbk- 111 

, iiaviiHiils cKiiiaiulol 
111 M|ici.iliiiii ill lliisciiiiiui) . 
^liiii ; llii- l;itliT Win- nni 
■ ■tl Iriiiii .ill u|)|)iimmily 1" fiijuy 
|iiiili Tliiin. In .1 
ilal prim ipli-s and Icmv^ 
;^ Aire s«iirn (.•iiL-micsof class 
IS line niDSl piiinuuni 1(1 and 
r\, lusiw. 1 he iunsii|ucnrc- was lliat suciily. cul- 
li . iivily anil indivi<liially. suffiTid jjically. Wluii 
. I. Mill caim-. tlii'iisands of nspti lahlc bill inipriivi- 
dt'iii pt'iiplc liad lo !».■ hurii'd by indi\idual or 
Mrf;ani/iil cliarily. or be cruilly cnnsi^'ni-d to a 
p.uipir's ;;ravc in llu: I'otU-r's Field. And those 
let! behind betainc. in many lases, rilher a public 
rli.irj^e or were ol)lij;i(l to depend upon ihe bounty 
of others. 

It was at this juiuliire ih.il .i handful of l.irge- 
hearted .ind level-headed Neu.irk manufacturers 
.ind other employers of lal)iir were persuaded that 
.1 s\-leni uf insurance based upon weekly payments 
.ind briiii.i;ht to the doors of the people could be 
lu.tde lo succeed. Such .1 system had \ong been 
in successful operation in I'.ngland. Why not lure ? 
The only problem was one of ad.iplation to the 
dilfrrenl conditions ami ideas prevalent in America 
a very serious problem, to be sure, but one thai 
It w.is believeil could be satisfactorily solved in 
due lime. 

.\nd so, on ihc date staled, the I'rudenlial Insui- 
aiii e Company of America came into existence . 
How the littli! acorn planted in a liioad .Siree; 
li.isi-mcnl twenty-one years .ii;o h.is yrown am 
^;riiun. until now it is a mi;;hly nak whose br.inchc^ 
h.ive spre.id out until they cover every populous 
centre of ilie I 'nitcd Stales, from Niag.ira Falls lo ! 
Id'nver. Col., is a nevir-ccasinj; subject of wonder- 
men!, even In thosL' who planted and cared for il. ^ 
Its slalemeiil on Janu.u) I. 1877, shows Ih.ii ( 
whin 11 w.is not (piile I'lftren months old, i 
h.iil less than 5.000 polic y-holilers. .\ year l.itei 
II h.id but 11,226. To-day it has probably in its 
employ as many persons as il h.id policv-holders 
when It W.IS lwenty-ci',;hl monllis old. 

".\ history of the 1 less from \e.ir 



I ompaniesassoon as il had fully demonstrated, by the all-satisf\- 
iuM logicof success, the feasibility of the scheme as applied to this 
counlrv. As a grand result, there are now (1897) operating 
the svstem in the l"niled States, some twelve companies. These 
combined have about 7,000000 policy-holders. They cover 
over §Soo,ooo,oDo of risks, Ihe average policy being for only a 
little more th.in $100. They have p.iid out in claims about 
$80,000,000, .md they give remunerative employment to an 
•irmy of about 40.000 persons. Besides, the e.stablishiiient of 
the system here has well-nigh abolished the Potter's Field, is 
s.iving many millions of dollars annually to the American tax- 
payer, and in scores of wavs is making better men, better 




:; rli'".»iipr4|II^»' 







IKl iJl- N I 1 \|. IN.SlKANCi: Cl 1., IIKUAIJ A.NlJ HANK Slkb-I^Tb. 



of r.lpid 
iiilo high 



In V'lr ' s.iii| an .1 ^ d writer, in ,1 

inal rccenlly. "would be simply ,1 leco 

. krd growth, exhibited in ligiiies runnin 

iighcr periods. The I'rudenli.il of lo-d.iy si, mils in 

■I ■ 'ink of llu- gii.ii inslitulions of the world." Its lot.d 

r. M.iii. <s .iiiMiiiiit lo .iliiitii iiilo 000 •«"> The reserve on its pi. li- 

ind ilsc.ipilal .ind siir- 

M.ui«,(X>o. Il h.is o\(v 

s in (orre on its registers, insuring the .ilmost in 

■' ' ><32 5,000,000, It hasp.iidotit imlaims 

<r more than an average of one nijlliiin 
-lemc. The pioneer of 
[■ ' w.is followed by ollnr 



women .ind happier homes wherever il has been established. 
The present (1897) ollicers of the company ;iie: John F. 
Divihn, President; Leslie U. Ward, Vice-Pre.sident ; Edgar li. 
Ward, Second Vice-President and Counsel ; l-'orrest F. Uryden. 
Sriieiary; llor.ice Ailing. Treasurer; John !!, Lunger, Man- 
ager of Ordinary Branch and Actuary: Edward H. Hamill, 
M. I).. Medical Director; Wilbur S. Johnson. Cashier. Direc- 
lois: John F, Dryden, Leslie D. Ward, Hor.ice Ailing, Edg.ir 
I'l. Ward, .\aron Carter, Theo, C. E. lilanchard, Charles (".. 
Cimpbell. i;ii,is .S. Ward, Selh A. Kecney, Fred. C. Blanchard. 
l.dw.Mil K.mouse, Forres! I'. Dryden. Jerome Taylor and 
Willi.iiii T, Carter, 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., TLU'STRATED. 



20:1 



EISELE & KING. 

Willi lh"u,t;htful men. and women too, lift- 
insurance is a part of their business life. 
I'riisperity as well as adversity, demonstrate its 
iniport.inip in the affairs of men. It is an effective 
means in securing the rewards of prosperity, and 
fretpiently fills the gap made by adversity. .Vmnng 
the many noted life insurance companies trans- 
acting business here, we take pleasure in mention- 
ing the l'".c|uit.il)le Life Insiu'ance Society of tiie 
United Sl.ites, which is so .alily represented in New 
Jersey by nur well known fellow-townsmen. Messrs. 
Kisele .ind King, life-like ])hotos of whom are pre- 
sented in the illustrations on this page. 

The senioi' member of the firm, John C, Eisele, 
was born in this city .August 1, 1S60, and was 
educated in the Morton Street Public School. 
Starting in life as an errand boy in the employ of 
ISenjamin F. Mayo, continuing with him until 18S5. 
when he embarked in the life insurance business. 
.IS a soliciting agent for the Prudential of this city, 
,mil later with the Equitable Pile Insurance Society 
of the L'nited States. By his untiring industry, 
attention to business and perseverence, in four 
years he had risen to the management of the .Society's affairs in 
the State of New Jersey, increasing the business from a few 
hundred thousand a year, to the proud position it occupies to- 
day as the largest producing agency under one management, in 
the United States. 

He has been connected with the building and loan associations 
of this city, and is an active member, being President of the 
Norfolk, and Treasurer of the Lincoln Building and Loan 
Associ.itions. His careerin real estate transactions has also been 
unusually successful, being to-day a large owner in Newark 
real estate, and deeply interested in all projects for the acKance- 
nicnt and wellfare of the city of Newark. In 1S93 he was 
elected to represent the people of the 13th Ward in the 
State Legislature and was re-elected in 1894, b\ tin- county, 
having received the the largest majority ever given to ,iny 
candid.ate for Assembly in Essex County. Mr. Eisele is con- 
nected with many well-known charitable, benevolent, .social and 




KESIDEN't:K Ol-' JOIIX C. EISEI.E, D.N ,\VllN .\ \' Iv.N U l_. 

political organizations, being a member of Kane Lodge, Ko. 55, 
F. & A. M., Union Chapter. No. 7, Lucerne Lodge, No. 181, 
I. O. (). F. Corinthian Council, Royal Arcanum. Arion Singing 
Society, North End and Garfield Clubs. He also an active 
member in a large number of Republican .associations. 

Inability to personallv allend to .all the details of the ever 
increasing business in whiih he is engaged, necessitated a 
division of labor. He, in 1894, associated with himself in the 
business. Mr. Nathaniel King, who is the junior member of the 
firm. N.ithaniel King was born in Washington, D. C, October 
29. 1S66. ,ind came to the c:ity at an early age. Graduating 
from the lime-honored Newark Academy, he commenced to 
study the profession of law with our present City Counsel, 
Col. E. L. Price, but gave th.it up lo enter upon his present 
business of life insurance, in which he has made an unprecedented 
success, being recognized ;is one of the largest ])ersonal writers 
of insurance in this section of the country. In 1S94 he entered 




JOHN C. EISIiLE. 



into parternership with Mr. Eisele, 
,md has been a potent factor in 
placing the New Jersey agency of 
the E(|uital)le Life Insurance .Soci- 
ety of the llnited Stales in the 
position it occupies to-day. 

The oflicies of the Ihni. located 
in the Firemen's Insurance Build- 
ing, north-east cotnerof Broad and 
Markit Streets, is one of the most 
einii.il pl.aces in the city. The 
i-ntire second lloor is t.iken up with 
the business ol the company, which 
continues to grow steadily in favor 
with the best citizens of this city 
and the Stale of New Jerse\-. 

The honorable and successful 
cireer of the New Jersey agency 
in the |iast. is a happy argury 
that the same ])olicy will continue 
in the future, which has heretofore 
directed the business affairs of the 
Etpiitable Life Insurance Society of 
the United States. 





1^ 




vl 


0^ 


1 




A 

n 



NATII.-\N1EL KING 



201- 



ESSEX CniWTY. .V. ./., ILLrSTRATED. 



LOUIS A FELDER. 



N 



r.W AUK. Willi Iri si. 



iilv ■•inuih. will DM (|.,iilii in lIuMUMr 
hiliirf .iiilM-.icr ilicciiuii- i-.iimly i>l li-^-iV •mil portion-i ol 
ll,,.l-i..ii. l'.,r-.ii. I'.issitic .111.1 I'ni.m CMiiiiti.s. An .vent m. 
1. ^s Mir|iii-.iiii; ha-, lii-.-n siii-.(-,s(iillv ... L-.nniilishe.l uilliin ;i 
lirirl tun.' in llir .-.iiisiiliilaliMn .if t '.r.Ml.r 
ll.i.N.Hi. i;.i-t Kiwr .111.1 h. nil i~5 i.ii.-. In 111 

..I llll^ ^l.lllil IHnji , I. ri-.ll I'-i 



lln- 

frl 

,\. I 

II,.- ;! 



, w.- I.iki- iilr.i-.Mi' 

III ill.- ni.-rils .if I 

•■ pl.i.li 



New \orV. (in tin- 
iiliicMiii.nl 
: III nn sin.'ill part, an. I in 
m • iiiiiif; llu- .ill.-nlion of mir 
M fillow-l.iwnsinan, Mr. I.oiiis 
in.l r.si.k-nci- are |)ifSt-nl>(l in 

real 



i M.wn ;4cnilcni.iii lonimencc.l his prrsent 

,-i,i, . I liii- .iMicf of ilie lale James F. Hoiul. in iSSo. 

ami afl. r •,. vrr.il years ..f pr.iilic.il service he sii.ceeded 10 ihf 
.iiiiii- .oiiirol of the business, in the management of which he 
hail foimerlv been .in assisl.int. .Mr. Telder is a native of New- 
ark anil was cdiic.ite.l in the schools of this city. He oc.iipies 
very pleasant i|ii.irleis in rooms II and 12 on second Moor, in 
the ('.lobe liuildiny. .Sco- 804 Hroad Sireel. corner Mechanic. 
The office is supplied with every convenience for ihe successful 
carrying on of an extensive and general real estate and insui- 
an.e business, lie buys, sells, lets and exchanges city and 
counin properly, procures l.)ans 011 mortfjages, invests money 
without loss of lime or expense to the lender, and makes a 
specialty of renting houses and collecting rents. He generally 
has a variety of factories and residences for sale and to let. 
also (larls of f.ictories, houses and flats, and all business is 
iransacle.l on ihi- most liberal terms. Mr. FeUler is a Commis- 
sioner of Deeds and a Notary I'ublic, also a thoroughly experi- 
enced man in writing and effe.ting insurance in the most 
reliable companies, prominenl among whom he is noted as 
being identiticd with the American Fire Insurance Co.. of 
Newark. All kinds of risks are taken and insured al ih.- 
lowest rales compatable with security. 

Wlii'n embarking on his present career ;is .i real estate and 
insurance broker, he had the adv.mtage of having received a 
. iimplele tiaining in the ollice of James !•". Ikmd, deceased. 
.\fler thoroughly mastering all the details of the business and 
having accumulated during the past seventeen years a wide 
ixperience, he is now in a position to offer extra facilities to his 
numerous . ustomers in every section of the city and its suburbs. 





KKSIDEXCE OK LoUl.S A. FKLDKR. ON LIT I LEION AVK. 

CHARLES J. BROWN. 

IN reviewing the various iiulustrics for which the city lias 
become noted, one will find some difficulty in selecting a 
])rofession that affords greater opportunities for profit or a better 
source of investment than the market of real estate. It is one 
of the most reliable methods of investment, and at the same 
time it is a transaction that never loses the power of securing 
virtue, for although values may fall, it can be hut temporary. 
This branch of business has at all limes attracted the attention 
of many bright and able men, among whom we fmd at the 

present time Mr. C. J. Brown, 

real estate and insurance broker, 

located at Nos. 727-729 IJroad 

Str.el. adjoining the new I'ost 

I lllice building, .i life-like photo 

engraving of whom appears 

.iniong the illustrations in this 

deparlmeni of I^SSKX CoUN TV. 

N. J.. 1 M.DS IKAIKIi. Mr. 

Ilrown devotes his personal at- 
tention to a general real estate 

business — buying, selling and 

ex.hanging property, attending 

to the duties of Notary I'ubli.-. 

Commissioner of Deeds, negoti- 
ating loans and writing lines on 

insuranre. I'ailicular attention 

is given to the collection of rents 

.111.1 the management of estates. 

.\lr. lirovvn is a Newarker from 

away ba. k. a man of honor and 

a worthy representative of the 

real .-stale busines.s. , hakles j. bkown. 




ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



20: 



THOMAS H. CONNELLY. 

Aliholo III' whom is siveii in the ilhistiations, 
is a resident of the borough of \'ailsl)urL;h 
and a young business man well known in the 
tea, coffee and spice trade among many families 
of Essex County. Mr. Connelly makes a specialty 
of and devotes himself exclusively to selecting, 
buying and selling the finest grades of Oolong. 
Japan, Gunpowder, Young Hyson and many other 
noted brands of teas; Mocha, Java and Kin 
coffees, and spices of all kinds. Regular weekly 
deliveries are made by wagon to fa?iiilies, restaurants 
and hotels throughout the county, and on the most 
liberal terms. In that special trade he is en.diled 
to offer the public a superior grade of goods which 
for freshness and flavor are unsurpassed, and 
wherever his goods h.ive been given a fair trial, 
additional orders have resulted therefrom. Mr. 
Connelly is a Nevvarker by birth, educatinn and 
enterprises, and is identified with many charitable, 
benevolent and social organizations. 



\|fi£* ^ 




WILLIAM F. HAMILTON, 



RESIDENCE OF RICHARD E. COG.AN, ON CLINTON AVENUE. 



A1'H()T< I of whom is presented among the l-'reeholders on 
page 126, is a well-known and highly respected citizen of 
( )range. in which city he was born, educated and conducts a 
general flour and feed business. He is connected with many 
social, benevolent and political organizations and has ably repre- 
sented his fellow-citizens in the Assessor's office for three terms 
— 1888-89-90-in the council chamber, in 1S91, and in the 
Board of F"reeholders in 1893. His executive ability was recog- 
nized when he entered the board, by his appointment on import- 
ant committees, and finally by his election as director. In 1896 
he was again re-elected to represent the people of his ward in 



the council. His recorti in all the various positions in which he 
has served is noted for his ability, fairness and honesty of 
purpose in the discharge of public duty. 



/^^WS 




BOROUGH HALL, VAILSBURGH. 



JOSEPH SMITH SUTPHEN, 

A LIFE-LIFE photo of whom is given in the illustrations 
representing the aldermen of Newark, X. J., on page 141, 
first saw the light of day at Bedmenster, Somerset County, 
N. J., in April, 1S39. He was educated in the public school of 
his native village and graduated at Chester Institute, N. J. In 
1S61 he commenced the study of medicine with his brother. Dr. 
P. J. Sutphen, at Peapack, N. J. After four years of prepara- 
tion, including six months of practical service rendered in the 
Ward United States General Hospital, at that time located in 
Newark, N. J., he graduated from the University of the City of 
New York, in 1865. After six years' practice of medicine in 
his native county he removed to this city and located in the 
Fifteenth Ward, 
continuing in his 
profession in 
connection with 
a drug store. In 
1878 he was 
elected to repre- 
sent his Ward 
in the Board of 
Chosen Free- 
holders and 
served during 
the years 1878- 
79-So. In 1891 
he represented 
his Ward in the 
lioard of Educa- 
tion, and in 1896 
w.is chosen by 
the people of his 
Ward to repre- 
sent them in the 
Common Coun- 
cil. THOMAS U. CONNELl^V. 




.,,,,; /;SS/rA- COIWTV. X. ./.. ILUSTRATED. 

WEST END LAND IMPROVEMENT CO. 



I 



R 



r.Ai 



^.1 ilrsiyn.nlfd ;is fiviil I'loiHTi) ; 
unllv (lifffriii!;; frmii |U'r>.nn.-il 



..r iii.iv.«l)lc |.i.>|.erly. 'r!;f siiiiplr-niiiuled :ilii)ri- 
•^irus of llif Il.ickriis.nck Irilx-. ulii. hirtcicd away 
tlic t;rarul ilom.iin riniimpassiil 1>y tlie l-,ssi-\ 
Cuunly lints for alioiil Iwd InimliLd ddllars wdrlh 
of Miir. liandisr. assmlid in small lots nf pnwikr, 
. s. pistols, swords, krilks. barrels of hccr. 
coals nnil hnti li.>. knivi-s. Imcs. barrels 
.il oiliii lii|Uors. Aii>\ tive llioiisanil feel of wampum. 
rii .1. -r I. -.-. no (loiibl lliotii;!)! they were sctliii.ij full 
: as Will as jjivinj; tlie same, but ihi- 
1,1,-,.^ ,i ■! ihe white oul-raii that of ihe red man. 
,ind lu.i and <>nc-)ialf centuries since then have 
proxed that tribes of men of eitlier colony mi 
come or j;o. but real or fixeil estate remains I 
t ver. 

lli^jhty thousand acres have been divided 'u|) into 
the villafjes. towns and cities which now constitute 
Ms. " •■ Some of these are now very densely 
p, that the land included in the treaty 

eflecicd in i666 by the conlin<;ent of Connecticut 
Puritans. encouraL;ed by Governor Carteret, whose 
claims by royal gift were also offered as concessions 
so as to secure their title clear to the same, all of which since 
li.is been well improved. This area described in the treaty of 
purchase as all the uplan<ls and meadows, swamps, rivers, 
brooks, trees. t|uarnes mines, etc.. bounded by the liay on the 
ea-.l. the I'assaic Kiver on the north, the Great Creek in the 
meadow running to the head of the cove, and bearing back 
to the westward to the mountain called '• Watchung. iS miles 
west of the Tassayic." remains to-day. 

N'cry appropriate was the name which, in 1667. Rev. Abner 
I'icrson baptized its chief settlement with — " Newark "— for 
Willi its sidiurbs and environs, it has proved to be a /rut- ark 
for m.iiiy a family, and established homesteads for millions since 
descendant .and still resident. 

As a rule, over all this little more than one hundred s(|uare 
miles. Ihe smile of health and prosperity reigns, and though 
lacking the length and breadth of lerriloiies in the West, it 




RKStUENCI'. OF ERNEST N.^C.F.t., VAILSHURG 




I'ki.siiiKsr. 



certainly has a reputation of giving the greatest possible number 
of spacious, comfortable, suitable and healthful homes to be 
foun<l anywhere. The soil is of great diversity in character, 
from rock to rich loam, and the ever-varying altitude of the 
surface can be equalled nowhere except in New England for 
dwelling sites and adaptation to close settlement and rail access- 
ability to the greatest possible number of citizens. This it is 
in the future, as it has in the past, will contribute to place Kssex 
County and keep her in the very front rank of advancing art 
and nidustry : while also affording within her mountain parks 
the most perfect suburban retreats for healthful and charming 
Iiomes. Her manufacturing sites are the best and most numer- 
ous of any, and most contiguous to the great marts of trade; 
vast n\imbers of these are already occupied by great factories 
and representing almost every staple industry known, as our 
pages will show, but there is ample room for as many more 

when properly disposed, and es- 
pecially after our reclamation 

of the s.ilt meadows now being 

plann<-d and called for. .So we 

predict that our rcsideiU and 

manuf.iciuring real estate can 

not seriously decline. We have 

no malaria-ridden bayous or 

lyclone-swept prairies, and when 

the coming d.iy of coiiuiierci.il 

reviv.d shall indeed arrive, and 

the wheels of productive Ameri- 

c ;m industries univers.dly turn. 

Kssex County will be seen and 

heard in the advancing proces- 
sion, and stepping 10 the high 

music of glad progression in all 

the arts of peace, and her good 

credit and ecrmoinic record will 

gradually broaden her exchecpier. 

extending through banks, build- 
ing and loan associ.ilions and 

realiable real est.ite agents, till 

every industrious artisan may ernest nagei., masacek. 




ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



201 



have his own home, every large manufacturing interest its 
suitable site not available elsewhere, and this become a model 
region, miniature of what the true patriot and statesman could 
wish the nation to be — an industrial republic. 

About midsummer of the year 1S92, a few well-known young 
men, perceiving the unusual advantages for the development of 
that beautiful rolling piece of land then known as the Howell 
F'arni. located on South Orange Avenue, just above the Newark 
Shooting Park, in that pleasant suburban town of South Orannge, 
MOW the thriving Borough of \'ailsburgh, combined their wealth 
and knowledge, and on July 29, 1892. they organized the corpora- 
tion now known as the West End Land huprovement Company, 
the subject of this sketch. The first officers of the conijiany 
were: Mr. Henry J. Bloemecke. Superintendent of the Metro- 
politan Life Insurance Company at Brooklyn, President ; Mr. 
Caniil P. Xagel. of the firm of Nagel & Kautznian. coal dealers, 
A'ice-President ; Mr. C. \V. Heilman, undertaker and liveryman, 
and at present a Freeholder of Essex County. Treasurer; and 
Mr. Ernest Nagel, Secretary. To these gentlemen, in a large 
measure, is due tlie company's phenomenal success. They 
still serve the company in the same capacity, with one e.\cep- 
tion, Mr. Ernest Nagel having in 1893 been appointed as the 
company's Manager, at which time Mr. Charles H. Burgesser 
was elected Secretary. 

The companv purchased the Howell Farm, which has a front- 
age of 1,200 feet on South Orange Avenue and consisting of 
over 700 building lots, and the property was opened to the 
public on Saturday afternoon, .August 20, 1S92, by President 
Henry J. Bloemecke. who, after outlining the company's policy, 
introduced as the orator of the day, the oldest resident of the 
borough, the then County Superintendent of the Public Schools, 
editor of the Newark Item, Dr. M. H. C. Vail, who, after 
delivering an eloquent address, unfurled and flung to the breeze 
, the American stars and stripes and formally christened the plot 
' Columbian Heights, to the tune of "Hail Columbia." struck up 
by X'oss' full First Regiment band, who were in attendance 
during the remainder of the afternoon, and discoursed popular 
and national music. 
; The property is all restricted for residental purposes only, 
; no building to cost less than S^.ooo, and all to stand back ten 
I feet from line of street, a very wise precaution as the present 
I appearance of the streets will show. The company has ful- 

to the interests of 

given complete satisf, 

the service of all int 





filled all of 
the proiuises 
then made. 
They have 
laid through- 
out all the 
streets as 
liandsome an 
artificial side- 
walk as ad- 
orns a n \ 
property and 
which, if laid 
in a continu- 
ous 1 i n 1- 
w o u I d be 
o \' e r f o LM- 
miles long. 
The streets 
areall graded 
and curbed 
and adorned 
bv fine maple 
shade trees. 
A pure water 

supply has been brought to the ])roperty from the Pequannock 
water sheds by way of Newark and a perfect drainage system 
established. The first hoiue on the property was begun during 
the winter of 1892, and was occupied by Mr. Emil Schwieg, its 
owner, January i, 1S93, just four months after the formal open- 
ing of the property. Other dwellings followed in rapid succes- 
sion until at the present time of writing, no less than forty-two 
residences of as pleasing an architecture and structural stability 
as will be found in any municipality in the State adorn this 
beautiful property. The company's terms are very reasonable 
and of a special character and of unusual advantage to pur- 
chasers. It assists home builders not only financially but also 
in an advisory manner which, owing to the vast experience of 
its individual inembers in that line, it is fully qualified to do. It 
has engaged the services of a comjjetent and experienced archi- 
tect who, owing to the originality of his designs and complete- 
ness of interior arrangements and details, and close attention 

his clients, has 

iction. He is at 

cntlinL: investors 



NAGKL, \ i( K pki;sidi:nt. 



C. W. HE1LM.-\N, TKE.-VSUKER. 



ni\ home setkers. 
The West End Land Inqiruvement 

'ompany is certainly supplying a long- 
It want, by assisting persons ut 

lulerate means to own their homes, 
itlioul extortion, on a perfect and 
sound basis, dealing fairly and honestly 
with its customers. May success 
ahv.iys crown its efforts and serve as 
•in exaiuple for others to follow. 

The company has a pleasant and 
conveniently located business office on 
the first Hoor of the Niagara Fire 
Insurance Company building, 766 
I'.road Street, near Market, where its 
popular and congenial manager can be 
. (insulted every morning. At all other 
limes he can be found at the company's 
ciMice on "Columbian Heights." In 
I he illustrations are represented life- 
like photos of the officers. 




CUAKLES H. BIJKGESSEK. SECKETAKV. 



■^1 IS 



ESSEX COrXTY. X. J., ILLVSTRATED. 



A J. GLESS 



C 



I iMrKTI rH)N is ihc rr.il < 
priii;rcss. Il is met witli in 



■ I hlltll.iii ai'li\ il\. 1! -iniiii- 
,is iii\i'iUivi'ni"'s :inil cnUT- 
|iriS( . nnil iiilivt-ns priv.ilt- life :i-> well .is 
l)iisin(.->s. The sir.iiiy (k-vilupimnl "t I'.ssox 
t'ounlv ri-.il osl.Uc iiil(rc.-.l> i-- iliie. in i hii^;e 
iUi;rcc. lo llic lioiinr.ililr :iihI rnnscr\ alive 
iririli"..! I'lirMifil by ilif iiuri;ctic iiRii wlio 
II., t pri-^crili(l lliis iiiipnrl.iiil hniiurli 

, f At ni> lime li.ive lliey sou;,'lit lo 

;e values, hut r.ilhcr to rciain llie 

I ihc basis of actual worth, as 

1 income pr<i<lucin}; capacity. 
li.tr. arc but few, if any, inlercsis in this 
iiiiluslri.il eeiilrc lli.il are nol secomlary tu 
that o( real estate, anil in this connection il 
«ill nol be out of place to recuni the promoters 
of this profession, and in patlicular. some of 
those enterprising men who have yiven to real 
olalr siir 11 a helping hand as has the subject 
III- Mr. Auj^ustine J.C.less, realeslalc 

.nil ' broker, located on llie southwest 

corner of .Sprinijlield and lieliiiont .Avenues. 

This yoiinj; and enterprising^ ricrm.in-.Xmerlcan citi/en has 
done much towards cxlendiii},' the material growth of the 
westeily seclion of the city of Newark, by his honorable deal- 
ing; and strict attention to business. A jjeneral real estate and 
insurance business is conducted by Mr. dless, who devotes his 
personal attention to the buying, selliny; and exchanging of 
every description of property, and lakes upon himself the entire 
care of estates; he ne.gotiateslo.inson bonds and mortgages, and 
w riles lines nf fire anil life insurance policies, for all of which 
he iional facilities. His ollice. which is presented in 

Ih. I Mil this p.ige. is ailmirablv lilted up with every 




* 




l)l'l ICIC OK A. .1. Cl.KSS, CORNKR SI'RI NT.FI El.U AND IlKLMONT AVENUKS. 



convenience for the accommodation of his numerous clients, and 
his wide experience and thorough knowledge of the real estate 
market enables him to transact the business of his clients with 
promptness and dispatch. A glance at the life-like photo pre- 
sented on this page, tells the manner of man he is, and speaks 
louder to the reader of this page than anything the writer could 
say. 

.Mr. Gless is rated as one of formost real estate insurance 
brokers in Essex County, and is a worthy representative of the 
profession. Among the many able and enterprising men who 
have chosen this calling, in order to gather the necessities of 
life from its proceeds, or to build up a fortune, all do not 
succeed. Many yield to its bright allurements, and witnessing 
the marvelous success won by men of the iiattern of A. J. Gless, 
enter but the portals, wait but a brief time, and then retire. 

Had they but learned the way from those on whom dame 
fortune smiled, they would have heard the same old honest 
answer, " Commence with a determination to win ; " read the 
motto carefully, "by industry we thrive;" study the self-reli- 
ance which speaks from every lineament of his countenance, 
and learn from him how to win in the real estate business. 

'I'here is no doubt in the minds of wide-awake business men 
in regard lo the western section of Newark being the locality, 
that. In the near future, will furnish unsurpassed opportunities 
for investors, w ho are continually seeking for the most profitable 
investmeiils for their funds. That part of the city is now open 
for solid improvement, and its development, in ihe near future, 
will increase more rapidly and become permanent, especially 
when Clinton Township is annexed to the city and admitted as 
.1 new ward, towards creating a '■ Greater Newark." The ex- 
tremes will never run away from the centre of the city, Spring- 
lielil and lielmont .\venucs being now one of the centres. It 
w.is this fad that induced Mr. A. J. Gless to establish his 
ullice on that corner. Ills oliice hours are usually from 9 to 
1 . and again in the late afternoon, during which time he may 
be found failhfllly engaged with the interests of his customers. 
Mr. Gless lakes a great delight in his honored profession, and 
devotes lo all Its various details, a continues study, which has 
enabled him to become an expert in values. A view of his 
elegant new residence will be foiuul on the following page. 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



209 



FRANK WISIJOHN. 

AMONG the many real estate men who are 
rapidly gaining prominence, few are making 
more steady progress than our fellnv-townsman, 
Frank Wisijohn. one of the youngest representa- 
tives in the business, who began his real estate 
career under Mr. Thomas J. Gray, in 1882. Mr. 
Wisijohn occupies very pleasant office rooms, 
corner Broad and Bank Streets, over the National 
Newark Banking Co., where he devotes his per- 
sonal attention to the general real estate and 
insurance business, in selling, buying, renting and 
exchanging city and country porperty, procures 
loans on mortgages, invests money without expense 
to the lender, and writes lines on insurance. Mr. 
Wisijohn, whose photo is herewith presented, makes 
a specialty of collecting rents and caring for estates, 
on the most reasonable terms. He is a Newarker 
by birth and education, and a worthy representa- 
tive of the real estate fraternity. 




THOMAS J. GRAY. 

I.X calling the attention of our fellow-citizens to the numerous 
engravings presented on the pages of Essex County. 
N. J. ILI.USTR.M'ED, we are justly proud of the life-like photo of 
our fellow-townsman Thomas J. Gray, who has done much in 
advancing the growth and prosperity of Newark. Mr. Gray 
is a worthy representative of the real estate profession, and 
for more than a quarter of a century has handled large estates. 
Watching the interests of his clients, and being just and true to 
all, is what has gained for him the confidence of the public. 
His appraiseinents for executors, by order of courts, have never 
been questioned. Since 1870, he has been so closely identified 
with values, that we do not wonder that prudent investors, who 
desire to buy, sell or exchange real estate, or loan money on 
mortgage, wherein, like a savings bank, security is first to be 
thought of, frequently remark, " What is Mr. Gray's opinion." 
That settles it. A good name is like precious ointment. 

Mr. Gray's present office in the Clinton Building, is almost 
within a stone's throw of where he commenced business, in a 



RESIDENCE (IE A. J. GLESS, ON HUNIERDON STREET. 

modest way, iwenty-seven years ago. If knowledge of values 
of property located anywhere in our city, county or State, are 
requisites as appraisements of value, coupled with excellent 
judgement and prudent counsel, the subject of this sketch fully 
merits all we have said. The business looks to be on the 
eve of recovery from long depression. Real estate has suffered 
but is fast coming to the front. Mr. Gray is a gentleman in 
every sense, and is a worthy representative of the profession. 

JAMES MARLATT, 

A PHOTO of whom is presented on page 127 of this illu.s- 
irated work, was born at Beatyestown, Warren County, 
this Slate, January 6. 1840. Coming to this city in 1865, he 
started in the grocery business with John Robertson, his 
brother-in-law. In 1872, he purchased the store and property 
of J. H. I^ichardson, and continued in the grocery trade until 
February 1, 1884, when he commenced a wholesale trade in 




FK.\NK WISIJOHN. 



the prepared Hour, feed, grain and 
hay business, acting as agent in this 
city for E. H. Lairabee & Co.. 
Chas. H. Paul & Co. and Hetfield 
& IJucker's crackers and biscuit. 
.\Ir. Marlatt represented the citizens 
of the Tenth Ward in the Board of 
Education and the Common Coun- 
cil, and for two terms he represented 
the people of the Ninth Assembly 
district in the State Legislature. 

Few men indeed have represented 
the people with a more painstaking 
care than Mr. Marlatt. None but 
words of praise tall from the lips 
of his constituents. The potent 
results of his well applied legisla- 
tive and business acumen, will 
long remain as an example In 
future generations. Few men an 
better known in the business com- 
nuinity, and his character will re- 
main an heirloom to his family. 




THOMAS J. GK.W. 



:.'/" 



nssnx corxrv. .v./., ilustrated. 



L BAMBERGER 4t CO 



THI" i'r..j.!»- of Now.irk ami 
:ily i-.ui point with 
|>iril" , • lo Ihcgreal cslal)- 

lishnicnl of L. I5anibcr;;(.T iS: Co.. 
"thr always busy storr." \\ host- 
place of business is reprc sciUtd in 
■ 'loii shown on ihis p.'i,L;t-. 

1 is one of (he hiisirsl in 

ii>. hne- in ihefiiy. ils i oiintiT-. hcinj; 
lhroni;c.l il.iily tiy llir Itadcrs of 
I ishlon. .\ larjjc niinihir of people 
' ' ' with this cnler- 

; 'li"g some idea of 

ilii ii..i^niUitle r.f the inlen-sls in- 
volveil. i;arh ileparlnient is com- 
plete within itself, under an expert 
manager, while the employees are 
noted for their promptness. lourlcsy 
and obliging manners, combining 
with a thoroiijjh knowledge of their 
duties a faculty for anticipaiinj,' the 
wants of patrons, laying before 
I hem a full v.iricty of textures, p.it- 
terns and shades from which to 
choose, so that when the excellence 
of the stock is considered, it is not 
surprising ih.it rapid sales are made 
•ind gcner.il salisfaclion given to 
buyers. The tirm commands th- 
ilirect patronage not onlv of tl. 
people of Newark, the Orange 
Itellcville, Hloomtield. Montclan 
C.ddwell. .South Orange and Irving- 
Ion and the other surrounding 
suburbs, but its mail order depart- 
ment affords a ready means foi 
people from Warren, Union and 
Sussex Counties to satisfy their 
wants. Its business increas< 
steadily .mil the house foinis ;i 
important and ever-growing facte, 
in the commerci.il activity of tli< 
> ily. The name and f.imc of llu 
tirm is so f.imili.ir to the gener,il 
puldic that further comment on our 
pan would be surperlluous. lis 
connections are widespread ,ind 
inlluenlial both at home and abto.id. 
ils facilities for securing the latest 
''"^-' -s fordoiiK-sti, 

""' ■'•«<l manufactures ,Me uiu.,,,lled. while the 

.>s offered to .he purch.ising public cnno, be 
IS here. 



i:fiAM6^C.£jrc^-- 




t*frl\ 




'•Ml'OKIU.M ni L. I; AM l.l;U(;i.R .v CO., ON MARKIiT STKEICT 



tar' 
.Iw, 



I he tirm of I ({.imliirio-r v- /- i . 

nami crg..i \ Company, by their push and 

■■ retained in this city much of ,he local ir.ade 

».:n. to New Vork houses, and i, is an unde- 

■ H'.s w„le-awake bouse is to-day successfully 

'"••'".V large firms in "Crcner New Vork " in 

..-• «..n,,e.,.,indu.emen,soffered.othepub,i, in ,,J,'J 

"f c lose rivalry an.l comp,.,i,ion in 

■'""' "'>■ really useful men of ,he city 

""I. are helping |o push on the 

"1 inl.Tesls. and aid in fosierin- 

"J<-- for which the communiiv l,,,s 



become so noted. The educational induslries, in a measure, 
lake care of themselves, but it is the class of enterprises that 
depends wholly on the industrial perseverance of the wide- 
awake merchant, that after all tend most wi.lely to the build- 
ing up of the city's commercial reputation. I'lominent .imon.r 
this class of induslries, Is the drv and fancy goods trade that is 
so ably represented by L. Hambergar & Co., "the always busy 
store, and one of the most noted houses in this line of goods 
111 Newark." The firm is located on Market Street, in the 
busiest part of the city, on the block bounded by Hroad and 
Ilalsey .Streets. The plant is one of the finest structures on 
Ibe street. ..nd the stock Is the largest and best selected in i-s 
line of any house in the .ity. The employees are polite an.l 
;iim by every means to pl.ase il,,- purchasing public. 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. /., ILLUSTRATED. 



211 




JOHN C. SCHELLER. 

THE art of hookbinfling is one of the ancient industries and 
is a useful and valualile invention to mankind. Among 
those engaget] in this particular trade, we p.iention with pleasure 
the name of our fellow-townsman, 
|nhn C. Si heller, interior views of 
whose shop is jiresented on this page, 
with a life-like photo of the gentleman 
inuler consideration. During the past 
eighteen years he has been connected 
with the bookbinding trade of this 
citv, and through enterprise, artistic 
skill and mechanical ability, has suc- 
ceeded in establishing one of the best 
ec|uipped plants to be found in Essex 
County. The bindery is located in the 
Central Railroad building, S34-S36 
liroad Street. Mr. Scheller being a 
thorough, prac tic.il mechanic in the 
business, and devoting his personal 
.attention to every detail with careful 
supervision and good taste, he is en- 
abled to execute the higher grades of 
work, such as Levant (crushed and 
inlaid), genuine Russia, Sealskin, .-Mli- 
gator, Turkey Morocco, polished and 
Tree Calf, etc., in style and finish 
equal to any binder in the world. 

Special attention is devoted to puldic .int] private libraries, 
colleges, etc. Single books of every description are printed, 
ruled and bound to anv pattern refpiired ; antl perffiraling. 




JOHN C. SCHEl.r.E 



numbering, punching, stamping, embossing, round corner 
cutting, wire stitching, eyeletting and edge gilding is promptly 
executed with neatness and dispatch for the trade. The highest 
premiums, silver medals and diplomas have been awarded to 
Mr, Scheller for the superiority of his 
workmanship in the bookbinding line. 
He is also the in\entor of several use- 
fid styles of self-binders which have 
fuitilled a Inng-felt want among liter- 
ary people. I'rnniptness, neatness and 
dispatch is the motto of Mr. Scheller's 
establishment. 

The following is what a lierlin (der- 
niany) professor has to say : 

■• 1 take great ])leasure in extentl- 
ing my sincere thanks for the beaut) 
of binding of the volume of our family 
gincalogy. just seemed. 

I'rof. D. MiCkLKN ." 

From .\mli,issadiir Ktnivon, IJerlin. 
< '.ermany : 

■■ Dlc.AR Mr. Schki.i.kk.— 1 thank 
you, my dear friend, for the beautifully 
bound copy of " Newark, N. J., Illus- 
trated." 

.'\ souvenir from Kane l^oclge, of tin- 
late Ambassador Runyon, in full Tur- 
key Morocco, flexible, is a rare sample 
of his handiwork, as well as one of the same of John M. Ran- 
dall, by the State Bank ; also an elegant volume in full Morocco, 
a souvenir to Hon. James I^. Hays, of the Hoard of Education. 





L-i: 



i;ssi:x corxrv. -v ./.. ilu'strated. 



R WALSH & CO 



|l|N(; OF K. W Al.SU 



THI.RK .ire few pcciplr in llic 'ilv 
o| Newark, ur within iwentv 

miles around, who art- not (aniiliar 

with the name o( Walsh, tlic confei - 

lionrr. Thcrr is nn doiiht lliat ihi- 

firm of R. W.ilsh \ Co, of 157 Market 

Street .mil 673 Hroad Street, .ire tin- 
leading confectioners and ice cream 

makers of New Jersey. With «""'' 

c|ualilv jjoods at reasonable prices, 

they cater to, and have, the popul.ir 

trade of the city and vicinity. They 

.ire widely and favorably known to 

both the dealers in. and constmurs of. 

sweets and ice cream which they man- 
ufacture, both for tile wholesale and 

retail trade, t tciiipyinj; the whole of 

the four lloors and basement facing on 

.Market Street 1 No. 1571 and Wilbur's 

.\lley. and a newly buiit two-stoiy 

evlension in the rear to Library Court. 

vet they arc crosvdcd for room. 

In the basement of 673 Broad Street 

I the branch 1 they also manufacture 

specialties for the retail counter. Since 

the business was started nearly ;i 

(juarter nf .1 century a;;o. at the old 

stand at \2\ .Market Street, its owners 

have made a steady progress to their 

present position as the popular con- 
fectioners. Itolh the owners, whose 

portraits a|)pcar on this page, are 

practical confectioners and well-known 

Newarkers. The other pictures show^ an exterior and interior 

\icw of the Market Street store with large ice cream saloon in 

rear. Their ice cream plant, capable of turning out 200 quarts 

of ice cream in 20 minutes, is fully etpiipped with all the latest 

unproved inac hincry and appliances adapted to the industry. 

It includts a ferocious looking teethed ice-breaker, whose maker 

guarantees it capable of chewing up a ton of ice in live minutes. 

Th.il this monster has been kept busy, may be granted, when 

during the live w,iriii inonlhsof 1896, 3.500 tons of Htidson River 

ice was used. 

All the machinery 
is run by electric 
power, with steam 
as a reserve force 
in case of accident. 
A large force of 
hands are emploved 
b\ this linn in the 
many deparimenis 
of the two stores, in 
I he manufacturing 
Old sale of the c on- 
lii tioiiery, popcorn 
.;oods .1 n il i c e 
■ ream, i his house 
isp.Hlirularly noted 
lor their line ne.i- 
polit.in ice cream in 
liru ks. which they 
drliM-r liy their 
niiinrKiiis wagons 





to all parts of the city and suburbait 
towns, and further, ship 10 all parts 
of the State. At time of writing 
(1897) they have in mind still further 
extensions and improvements, which 
will, in all probability, be carried out 
ere this book meets the public's eye. 

In their particular lines, the man- 
ufacture and sale of ice cream, 
c.indies and confections. K. Walsh ..S; 
Co. have kept even pace with those 
of the citizens of Essex County en- 
L;,iged in the same or like callings^ 
who have marked the highest degree 
of success, and have outstrode many 
who had looked down upon them 
when beginners, as business foemen 
not worthy of their steel. Always 
modest and unobtrusive, the senior 
member of the firm, Mr. Robert 
Walsh, has pursued his way up the 
slippery sides of the hill of fortune, 
holding tirndy every inch gained on 
the perilous way. No blare of trum- 
pets announce his advance, as each 
season for his always seasonable 
goods ;ipi)roached, but the people, 
ilways wide awake to the best possi- 
ble chances to procure the very best of 
goods at the most moderate prices, 
always found the promises made in 
the modest advertisements to be seen 
in all the leading newspapers, to be 
founded on truth and honest business 
endeavors. So as the business years opened and closed, 
evidences of thrift and success were seen accumulating on every 
side of the Walsh " Candy store." as the snug little caboose 
at the old, old stand at No. I2t Market Street was then called. 
The fact that such evidences were app.irent. made another 
f.act no less, w'ith the proofs drawn from such unimpeachable 
witnesses as the largely increased bank accounts. So many 
orders left unfilled owing to a lack of space w herein to conduct 
his manuf.icluring 
and to transact his 
business, did prove 
to possess enough 
persuasiveness to 
ciuse the project- 
ion of the new- 
project which re- 
sulted in the secur- 
anre of the great 
building the firm 
now occupy. Mi. 
Frank Wadsworlh 
p r o V i n g himself 
111 o s t .icceptable 
as a brother-in-law, 
theie would be no 
mistake in his ac- 
cept.mce as a busi- 
III ss partner, and 
results piove that 
I h e combination 
was a good one. ^^^^^^ wai.suok ni. 



Lil.. ON MARKK.I- ST. 




ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLVSTRATEn. 



21: 



ANDREW A. BURKHARDT, 

W11()SE photi) ap|)e/us in ihe illusliatinns on 
tliis p:ii;e, is one of Newarlc's liiglily res- 
pected citizens antl a well-known business man in 
tlie eastern section of tlie city, wliere he has been 
connected with tin- grocery trade for more than 
half acentur\. He is prominently connected with 
iinnifious Ciciiiian- American associations and is 
llie President of the Twelfth Ward German-English 
Scliool. iin Niagara Street, in which he takes greal 
interest. He is a man of sterling integrity whose 
word is his bond, and is held in high esteem by his 
neighbors and all who ha\e dealings with him mi 
business or public attairs. 



JOHN 0. HUNT, 

AI.IFE-LIKF. photo of whom appears in the 
illustrations herewith presented, is a well- 
known and i)opular business man of ihe Tenth 
Ward, ha\ing conducted a meat and vegetable 
trade for o\ er a quarter of a century, on the north- 
west corner of Walnut and Jefferson Streets. A 
well-selected stock of beef, mutton, lamb, veal and 
pork, salt and smoked meats, fish, o\ sters and 
clams, sausages, lard and other food supplies, inc hiding vege- 
tables in season, are kept on hand. The store has excellent 
refrigerating facilities, enabling the proprietor to furnish his 
customers with the freshest of meats during all seasons of the 
year and upon the most reasonable terms. Mr. Hunt has 
represented the people of the Tenth Ward in the Board of 
Education in a very creditable manner, and is identified with 
many benevolent, social and political organizations. 




IXTEKIOU VIHW of R. U .Al..>ll a ( ll.'.s ( uNI l.ll |ii\l.k\ , .MAUKl'.T .STRKET. 



College with crrdil and s.Uisfaclion to himself. In 1 .S90 he was 
elected from the Iwelflh Ward to represent his fellow-citizens 
in the Board of ICducation, and served his constituents faith- 
fully as School Commissioner from January, 1891, to May, 1895. 
By trade he is a steel worker and is now and has been for a 
nund)er of years employed in the New Jersey Steel Works. 



w 



JAMES J. MULLIN, 

HOSE ]ihoto forms one of the illustrations in the school 
department of ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., Illustr.ated, 
first saw the light of day in Newark, N. J., on October 20, 1863, 
He received his early education in St. James' I^arochial School 
and at the evening sessions of the South Market Street Public 
Sthciul, graduatnig from Prof. Mulvey's New.uk Business 

Democratic 
.It Chicago 
St. Louis in 
repiesented 
the Iron Bi 
iif this citv 




WILLIAM HARRIGAN. 

THE subject of this skcti h. .1 striking photo of whom is 
presented in the illustrations ilisplayed on page 140 of 
this souvenir, first beheld the light of day in the beautiful land 
of the shamrock, October 31.1 838, Few men are better or more 
widely known in this city, where, for a number of years, he has 
successfully conducted the manufacture of mineral waters. 
He served with ability on the Essex County Public Road Board 
for three consecutive terms, and was a delegate to the National 
Conventions 
in 1S84 and 
1 888. He has 
the [leople of 
Hind district 
in the State 



JOHN O. HUNT. 



l.egislatuie for seven 
terms, during which he 
advocated in the House of 
.Assembly with success, 
the passage of several 
ini|)ortant bills, notabh 
the one pid\iding for the 
stamping of all goods 
manufactured in the .State 
Prison with the name of 
thai institution, and the 
hill |) r o V id i n g for ihe 
police and fire commis- 
sioners of Newark, which 
has been highly approved 
by the people. He was 
the pioneer to introduce 




A. 11. BUKKH.\KDT. 



'li 



j:^snx cnrxTV. x. /., njj'STRwrnn. 



::. ih. H \sscinl)ly a 

.•; ihr rnil- 

I rrrt (J-''''^ 

. Ill i>ri>tfrl 

'If. aiiil w.is 
imtirmn in lu:. cllnrls to lia\< 
ill"- bill passtil in llic l\uusf. lU- 
■<|Mif a larj;c anti |io\vcrful lotiby! . 
iMii. ^islaturc sessions 

i.( I - : inl will) marked 

'il in 
; uill 
.1. ■ me jjrratis in the benelil nf 
•■-titiRnls. |iarliLularly 
!iny to I he eslablish- 
li.' I,' <<i a piiblir park in llie 
Inai rmiind district, and the 
rreclinn (if a inucli-needed l>ri< k 
^ewcr rvinniny ihrnujjh the east- 
ern seiMion of the city. Mr. 
llarrjj;an is one of the stauneli- 
cst advocates of the movenient 
to sei lire ilirei t lejjislalion. anrl 
diirinj; the session of the legis- 
lature of 1894. he was an ardenl 
and consistent champion of tlu- 
bill to provide, for the people. 
I he rij;ht to choose their own 

I.IWs. 

f-fc also served ,is Serjjeant of 
.Anns of the House of .Xsseniblv 
during the sessions of i8i>i-2. 

Me has represented the citizens of the I2lli Ward in llie 
Common Council for ten years, during which lime he has 
I his duty on several important committees in a 
I manner, and was chosen the leader of his parly in 
louncii during 1896. During the long years of his public ser- 
\ue. faithfully rendered in behalf of the people, who have 
rejKJsed their confidence in him. it is worthy to note here, that- 
no accusation or even suspicion of wrong-doing has ever 
tainted his good name or impugned the motives of this 




SlOU 



111' V. \\. lOMI'SIIN. CllRNK.K KI.M AND I'Kl I.SI'KCI' STKKKIS. 



unostentatious and generous-lie.-irted citizen. 



n 




F. W. TOMPSON. 

TI1I;K1'. are. perhaps, l)ul few commercial enterprises that 
contribute more directly to the growth and prosperity, or 
add more appreciably to the importance of a community, than 
a well-conducted grocery business. .Among the numerous well 
eipiipped family grocery stores doing business in this city, we 
take pleasure in mentioning the name of one of our young and 
enterprising citizens, who is well and favorable known in the 
grocery trade, Mr. F. \V. Tompson, a photo of whose place of 
business is presented in the illustrations shown on this page. 

The premises occupied are located 

corner Elm and I'rospecl Streets, 

aud are well adapted for the grocery 

business. 'Ihe store is neatly 

arranged and fully eipiippcd with a 

choice stock of well-selected fancy 

and staple goods in the grocery 

and provision line, embracing new- 
crop teas, coffee, pure spices, 

dried foreign and domestic fruits, 

lierm,ilically sealed goods in tin 

and glass: in fact, everything in 

the way of household and food 

supplies, .ill of which are sold for 

cash ,it the losvest possible price, 

.111(1 (leli\ered free to customers in 

any part of the city or its suburbs. 
1 he besl goods in the grocery 

line ,11c in sl()( k, ,in(l the p,iti(inage 

Mil ludrs some of the besl families 

'I' ''k- "ly, Mr. Tompson is 

'•nergelii, courieous and reliable 

111 business. 

SlACV l>. Kl I I b,\llui;ak. 




ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



215 



SPIELMANN. STRACK & CO. 

THERE are, perhaps, but few cities in the l.'nited States 
better or more favorable known in the trade centres of 
the industrial world than the city of Newark, N. J. This 
result has been achieved principally through the finely finished 
and durable quality of its manufactured products. 

Among the numerous industries which have contributed to 
make the city famous, that of making clothing to cover and 
protect the human body, is one of the oldest and most import- 
ant. Many able and enterprising citizens have been, and are 
now, engaged in this time-honored branch of trade. Among 
these stand the well-known firm of Spielmann, Strack & Co.. the 
one-price clothiers and gent's furnishers, whose place of busi- 
ness, located on the northeast corner of Market and Washing- 
ton Streets, forms an illustration on this page. 

The firm, photos of whom appear in the combination presented 
here, consists of E. \V. Spielmann, F. P. Strack and A. Eschen- 
felder. all well-known Xewarkers and practical business men. 
each of whom devotes his personal attention to the various 
processes of manufacture. Thus they are enabled to fullv 
guarantee the quality of all goods leaving their establishment. 
Each department is admirably equi|iped with every modern 
appliance known for the successful prosecution of the business. 
and the greatest attention and care is given to the selection of 
the entire stock, and especially to their Woolens and Suitnigs. 
which are une.xcelled ; and as they employ only the very best 
talent in their custom departments, the trade and the general 
public have confidence in this trustworthy and enterprising firm. 

The garments of this house are unrivalled for (pialitv of 
materials, fit, style, durability and workmanship. In their 
ready made clothing and furnishing departments the range 
of sizes are designed to fit all proportions of the human form, 
while the grades of style and quality are sufficient to meet the 
wants of the most critical and exacting. 

Newark has ever been noted as a great centre for the nuitui- 
facture of clothing, and many of her prominent citizens have 
been identifietl with this useful and important industry. The 
United States census of 1890, states that in that year, there 
were ninety-three establishments engaged in manufacturing 
clothing, with a combined capital of one million two hundred 
and fifty-one thousand, two hundred and eighty-seven dollars, 
invested in the btisiness. Since that time there has been a 
considerable increase in this trade, notwithstanding the depres- 











.Mt..\IBi;KS OF THE FIK.M OF SriELM.\NN, STKACK .fc Ct 



SPIELMANN. STRACK i>^- Co. S Cl.OTHINC; HOUSE, CORNER 
MARKEI' AND WASHINGTON STREETS. 

sion that has existed in all industries during the past four years. 
However, there is every prospect of brighter times ahead, and 
no doubt the clothing trade will be one of the first to regain its 
former prestige among the industries of this city. 

The wide awake firm of Spielmann, Strack & Company, are 
noted as one of the most energetic, courteous and reliable 
houses engaged in the clothing trade of Newark. Their store 
is most eligibly located o'l a prominent corner, presenting a 
handsome expanse of elegantly 
dressed plate show-windows, facing 
on Market and Washington Streets. 
This house never varies from the 
one uniform standard, and that is 
always the best. In addition, they 
carry a most complete and tempt- 
ing stock of fine furnishing goods 
for gentlemen — dress and outing 
shirts in all materials, stylish hats 
and fashionable neck-wear. etc. A 
large staff of courteous and alert 
assistants attend carefully to the 
wants ol customers, who can rely 
u|)on the quality of all goods pur- 
chased here. The proprietors are 
business men who acknowledge no 
superiors in their line, and are 
confident that the public will recog- 
nize the superior merits of their 
establishment by comparison of 
goods and prices of other houses. 



'/'.■ 



L^SStW CorXTY, X. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



JOStPH 



..\:-,KE 



111' I|>C1 



TIM" illuslr.HiDPi luTi-wiili prcsmled shows V' 
rciclt-r .1 ii;iliir;il view of [lie l.ir>;ir .iiiii 
;i|i(<l wliolcsali- prodiirc ami cuiiniiU^i r; 
iidiictrd l>y otir well kci^iwii (cilow-: 
. |ih I". Clarke, loralfil on tlir iioiiin.i 
: \|iill..Tr\ iii'l C'liinmcric Streets. Tin 
leil Inr a lumilicr of 
:ii ol Kliotles. Clianil- 
neiued tile present Imsiiicss ii 
,1. i.u.ii.,1- x^.n ^■.ll.e fdurleeii \ears aijo. liy clusc 
.ill.iitn.iii t>i Ills Imsiness and his hnniiralile deal- 

.V at the head of iini 
^1 in the produce an^ 

mMs-.iiiM iiiilustry in liic fit) of Newark 

^l..renHllns are admirably etpiipped with .li 
jiiodern i onienit'iite.s and appliances, including 
ample storage and perfectly constructed refriger.i 
tors. Fifteen assistants are employed, and In ■ 
ililivcn wajjons adil to the cffecliveness of lli' 
sen ice. 

The house handles he.ivy consij.;nments of tropi- 
cal ami native fruits. Canadian vegetables, berries, 
poultry-, calves, pork, etc., which arc received chrcct 
from the Icathni; and most reliable sources of 
supply. The f.norable connections established by 
Mr. Clarke enable him to place consignments promptly and in 
the most pmlitable market, and lliough never neglecting his 
business, he has found time to act the pari of a good cili/.en. 
h.iving represented his district in a creditable manner in the 
.Slate I.egisl.iture. .\ photo of .Mr Clarke is presented on page 
i:". with other representative citizens, and speaks for itself. 

Nou will find this house ready to .inswer any (|ueslion 
relative lo their business by return mail. Cirds, stencils and 
market quotations mailed on application. 




LWAITERRDUNN 

Plumbing.GasFittingaSieaiiiHEatiiii 




I -I M;l IsllMI N I 1)1 w. 



niJ.S'S UN M \KKKr SI KKI I . 



lOM.MISSION HDl -i; Ol J. I'. CI.AKKK, MlI.nKKKN AND CClMMERCK. .SIS. 



WALTER P. DUNN. 

TIIICRE is no trade thai requires a more thorough know- 
ledge of details than that which i elates to the health of 
the people residing in large cities, and the sanitary condition of 
the homes, workshops and |)ublic institutions, in which we are 
confined. I'lumbing has, of recent years, become practically a 
science, and upon its proper application and study, much will 
de|)end on the solution of numerous (|uestions regarding drain- 
;ige. ventilation and sanitary conditions. Much sickness and 
disea.se in cities has been traced to the effects of poor plumb- 
ing, in the homes of many people who where in ignorance 
rigarding this terrible evil existing in their household. 

It has been clearly demonstrated by the most eminent and 
disinterested |)hysicians, that defective sewers and drains pro- 
duce malaria, with all its attendant evils. Hence, it becomes 
the duty of every person who values health, to make a thorough 
inspection, from time to time, of the plumbing work in their 
homes and workshops, as the very best work in this line gets 
out of repair with remarkable ease. In connection with these 
remarks, we take great pleasure in calling the attention of the 
|)enple of Newark to one of the best known sanitary plumbers 
in the city. Mr. Walter 1'. Dunn, a photo of whose business 
place is here presented in the illustration on this page. During 
the past thirty years this enterprising and industrious citizen 
has conducted, in all its various branches, the plumbing 
business and has at all times given to his numerous customers 
entire satisfaction in this all-important branch of industry. 

The plant is located at No. 98 Market Street, and is one. 
among the many, well-equipped sanitary plumbing and heating 
establishments, for which the city of Newark is noted Since 
the death of the founder, which occured in .August, 1895. the 
business .iffairs of the house have been ably conducted under 
the title of Walter I". Dunn. Incorporated, and the public can 
rest ;issur(-d that the same treatment will continue in the future 
that has directed its business in the past. 

They have installed numerous heating plants throughout 
ihe State in m.iiiy public aud private buildings. The .system of 
healing by hot water has been made a specialty by them. 



ESSEX COrXTY, X. J., TLLFSTRATED. 



:>i\ 



THE 
in: 



J. J, HENRY MULLER 

IE foundation of Newark's greatness rests 
jpon her manufacturing interests. These 
have at all times been regarded as her crowning 
glory, and tlirough the genius of her enterprising 
mechanics and inventors she has achieved a world- 
wide reputation, not alone because of their great 
volume and general excellence, but also on account 
of their wonderful variety. Over two hundred 
different branches of industry are successfully 
carrieil on within her coporate limits, and these are 
continually attracting others to locate here. There 
are but few cities to be found in the United States 
whose people are occupied in employtiients at once 
so important and yet so distinct. For this vast 
diversity of pursuits, her citizens have reason to 
feel grateful, and for the accruing benefits which 
have so frequently been enjoyed. In the often 
recurring panics and financial distresses, the affairs 
of the people of Newark have never been as des- 
])erale as have been those of other sections of the 
country where the prosperity of tlie inhabitants 
has mainly depended upon the condition of a single 
industrv. no matter how important it may have 
been. In the darkest hours, when the workshops 
of Newark have seemed to languish in despair, 
work has never ceased in many of the factories. 
C.reat credit is due to the foresight of her busi- 
ness men, as well as to the genius and skill of 
her merchanics and inventors. 

In this connection we take pleasure in placing 
before the readers of Essex COUNI'Y, N. J., 1 LI.US- 
TR.\TEli, the name of a worthy and enterprising 
citizen, whose place of business is representeil in 
the illustration on this page, Mr. J. J. Henry Muller, 
who conducts one of the largest and most complete 
furniture houses in the western section of the city. 
The furniture trade of Newark, like every other 
staple branch of commerce, comprises every class 
of dealer, with corresponding ratios of value and 
excellence. As in everything else, so in furniturr, 
it always pays to get the best. An establishment 
which st.vnds in the front rank of the choicest 
furniture trade of this city is that of Mr. J. J. Henrv Muller. 
whose offices and wareroonis are situated at Nos. 113, 115 and 
117 Springfield Avenue. This extensive business was founded 
in 18S5 by Messrs. Muller & Schmidt, who, on April i, 1890, 
moved into the premises now occupied bv Mr. Muller. In 
January, 1894. Mr. .Muller succeeded to the sole control of the 
business and occupies a spacious four-story and basement 
building. 75 x 100 feet in area, fitted up with all modern appli- 
ances, elevators, handsome plate-glass front, etc. 

The first floor is devoted to offices and general lines of 
furniture ; the second, to carpets, oil-cloths, etc ; ihc third lloor, 
to dining-room furniture ; and the fourth floor 10 chamber suits, 
etc. This is the finest establishment of the kind in Newark, 
and the stock also includes h.ill, library and kitchen furniture, 
stoves, ranges, refrigerators, upholstered goods, sofas, knniges, 
fancy chairs, rockers, sideboards, baby carriages, etc., which 
are offered to customers al jirices that defy competition. Only 
the best grades of furniture are handled, and the terms are 
either spot cash or on the inst.iUnient plan by easy weekly or 
monthly payments, thus presenting to all an opportunity of 
obtaining what they want for housekeeping. Mr. Muller deals 
with all classes of ciii/.ens, an<l makes a specialty of completely 




l-UUMTURK 



; HcirSE <1F I. 1. HENRV MlLEER.n.V Sl'RI XGFMa.D AVENUE. 



furnishing all sizes of houses and llats. He was born in Cer- 
niany. but has resided in the United States for the greater part 
of his life. He is highly esteemed in social and business circles 
for his strict integrity, and his establishment is a prominent 
feature of Newark's activity and enterprise. The stock is 
x.ilued at over $50,000, and fifteen clerks, assistants, etc., arc 
employed. 

The large .and well-selected stock contained in this house is 
the just reward of industry, thrift and business morality, and 
from the start the characteristics of Mr. Muller have been 
shrewdness, prudence and inlcgrily. combined with honorable 
dealings with the public. 

Just here we may be permitted llie interpolation of a fact 
which has contributed greatly towards Mr. Muller's success as 
a business man, and that is, he possesses the faculty of being a 
good buyer. When he goes into the marts of trade to inake 
his purchases, he sees at a glance the goods vvhicli will ineel the 
wants of his customers for whom he caters, and the materials 
which will work up to the best advantage under the skillful 
manipulation of the artists who handle the tools in his large 
and conunodious factory. 



:'7.s 



ESSEX cniwrv x. j.. illustrated. 



PL 



A' 



till imilliliiile of iiiir pruyrt-ssivc- 
intii. ll>c masses of u lioin have 



,l,.K. .1 ■,..1 N which will cviT rt-doutid to their 
. i.iht. ami whosi- siuccss will rtiiiiiii an ivtr- 
lisiiii'^ iiir'iiori.il. when they shall have eeascil 
iM "o ni anil oiii ainoii;^ us. few inilee<l of the 
ntiMiher will he i redited with the eieetion of a 
ijrraler nunilier of memorial I ahlcls, or those 
whiih will shine mme res|ilenilenl, or mark 
the hues over whiili thiM. j.iurneyed with more 
marvels of the outputs of •,'enius. than the 
suhjecl of this sketch. I'cter I l.issinijer. Ks(|. 
Like some of the others who c.iu^'ht the ^dim- 
mi-i of the star of hope hanging in all its 
Irinjitin},' lie.mt) in the faraway western sky. 
and heckoned them on lo the new world beyond 
ihi- sea. and heiaiiie a lamp to their feet, to 
guide their footsteps to the fair land of their 
ilcslinv. so. loo, I'eter llassinger cauj;ht iheinspi- 
r.ilion. which, to his young mind, rode tii- 
umphanl. each glimmering my beside, and at 
the .ige of twenty-live, mature in strength and 
strong of he.irt, and with foundations laid deep 
m truth .ind honor, no longer able to resist 
the demands of the good angel of his destiny, he bade adieu 
lo the Fatherland, .and followed its beckonings, and when 
the giilcs of his beloved birth-place closed behind him. he 
would have been less than human did not a pang of regret 
arise ill his he.irl, and mounting to the eye bedew it 
with unbidden le.irs when the good-by was said to all that 
was ilear lo his young life when shut within the ideal city 
of his home, old Darmstadt. IVler Hassinger first saw the 
light of day in the year of 1S29. Mis father was a man whose 
way lay along the middle w.ilks of life and was engaged in 
the l>usine$s o( gardening and a seedsm.in. .-\fler giving to 
I'eler the education which the common schools afforded, he 
.ippreiiticed him lo learn the business of machinist and lock- 
smith, anil thus from the age of thirteen, young Hassinger 
became his own bread-winner. Armed only with his perfected 
trade and with a determination lo dare and do. it was not long 
after the good ship wliicli brought him over the ocean hail 

landed h i m , 

w h 1- r <■ t h (■ 
broad way to 
fort u n e lav 
wide open and 
inviting tosuch 
as desire to 
1 walk I herein, 
.111(1 in which 
I h e immedi- 
.itely beg.in his 
I N e w World 
journeying. 

The way of 

the young me- 

h .1 II i c lay 

lirough .\ew- 

rk, where the 

laltle of busy 

machinery and 

' the clang of 

hammers was 

music to his 





RESIDENCK Ol- I'EIEK H .\.SSI NCEK, (iN CMNION .AVENUE. 



cars. ;ind the piilf of steam and furnace smoke had a charm for 
his eyes. Instead of w-aiting tor employment to seek hini, he 
sought and soon found with Henry C. Jones, the well-known 
locksmith of Pennsylvania Railroad .'\venue, the place lo 
eNcrcise his peculiar genius ;iiul (lemoiistiate his adapliveness 
in the held of mechanic.il arts. Fortune smiled on the >oung 
mechanic, and in eight short years he associated with himself 
the well-known inventor and mechanical genius, C. W. Romer. 
;ind together they bought the concern which they conducted 
till 1870. when they sold out to Jolin Burkhardi, of Louisville, 
Kentucky. 

To such an extent had he jirospered. that w hen the business 
was adjusted and profits embanked, he felt there was no longer 
a necessity for a denial of the right of satisfying his daily long- 
ings for a visit to dear old Uarmstadt, a look once again into 
the face of those he had left behind, when he turned his foot- 
steps westward and (piit the Fatherland. As mutations and 
changes follow in rapid succession, and our subject realizing 
the fact that delays are dangerous, inmediately set about the 
business, and before the year had closed, suioundeil by his 
liille family, he was en-ioute for the land of his birlh and the 
scenes of his boyhood and royal young manhood. 

The gratification of his longings to renew his acquaintance 
with the .scenes within and around the "pent-up Utica " of his 
early life past, did not alone wail upon and urge his crossing the 
ocean, but I wo other very laudable purposes he had in view. The 
first of these was the education of his three sons, which, soon 
after his .arrival, he place<l in school where llicy were constantly 
kept in attendance until his return to Newark, three years later. 
Ills second of these purposes was the visitation of the great 
art galleries and the study of art, for which, from boyhood, he 
had had a longing and for which he had sought opportunities 
for gratifying; and that he has so done lo much purpose, the 
lover of the beautiful in art has only to visit Mr. Hassinger's 
capacious and comfortable home on Clinton Avenue. On his 
return from Kuropc. afler a sojourn of three years, Mr. Hassin- 
ger went into the building business, and in this line prosperity 
w.iited on his every move, and success marked his every venture. 

Not alone did Newark feel the touch of his almost magic 
hand, but great structures for business purposes, elegant villas 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



219 



and modest honu-s, in New York, Orange and East Orange, 
grew up and Inrned into money at his command. Manv 
a barren acre lie made to bloom in the growth of peoples' 
homes, and many a man is now the owner of his own domicile 
through the easy terms on which he could buy from Peter 
Hassinger. His first real estate move was the purchase of the 
])roperty on which the immense harness manufacturing estab- 
lishment of the late Nicholas Demarest & Son now stands. 

It is well to remark in passing, that the business arrange- 
ments with Mr. Romer were always pleasant, and with the sale 
to the Louisville man, the friendly old business word, "ours," 
which had been the pass between the two, was never forgotten, 
and their social relations have ever continued close indeed ; very 
like brothers have they been. Many of the specimens of Mr. 
Hassinger's ideal structures may be seen on Broad and Market 
Streets and many others of Newark's business thoroughfares, 
as well as in the residental portions of our city, notably Clinton 
and ISelmont Avenues, Alpine and other streets, stand monu- 
ments of his skill antl business foresight. 

The okl taste for gardening and floriculture had not been 
allowetl ti> cramp, l)ut on the contrary, had been cultivated, and 
the same growth and progress is now seen to manifest itself 
wherever the impress of his genius and master hand is felt. 
His home at 368 Clinton Avenue, situated in one of the choicest 
home parts of Newark, can be said, and verilv. too. to be 
within a garden of sweet incensed flowers and plants, and a 
veritable bower of roses. The great green-houses are filled 
with delicate plants, ferns and rare e.xotics, abounding in 
amazing variety. There, on the home-plot, the master has 
erected buildings for every variety of purposes to keep every 
thing about the two or three acies given up to the fruits, plants 
and flowers, par-excellence, and in marvellous abundance. Ere 
we close, it must not be forgotten that his home is a bower not 
unlike Hawthorne's, of Seven Gables, in many of which are 
hung and stored beautiful works of art which this connisseur 
hascollecled,and which, were it not on the border of sacrilege to 
say it, he almost worships and truly adores. On the walls of 
his gallery, constructed for the purpose, and on the walls of his 
parlors and halls, hang gems, many of which are from the 
pencils of the greatest of ancient and modern painters ; in fact, 
it can be said that from every nook and corner of his home 
come whispers of his love for art. and samples are seen which 

excellent 



speak praises of his devotion to art and its studies. Every lover 
of art should see Peter Hassinger's collection of rare paintings, 
both old and new, and no one can spend a few hours more de- 
lightfully than among his selections. Among Mr. Hassinger's 
collection is seen Rombout's celebrated scriptural and historical 
painting, "The Slaughter of the innocents." This great 
picture, completed in i62y, by 'I'heodore Rombout, a rival of 
the skilled painter, Rubens, was (it is said) once in the collec- 
tion of the Duke of Orleans, who sold it for 10,000 guineas. 
This picture earned for its owner, before it came into the hands 
of Mr. Hassinger, by being exhibited in many cities, the 
munihcent sum of ^;i 20.000. .-Xnolher notable picture is the 
"Decision of Solomon." This great painting. Mr. Hassinger 
thinks he is thoroughly justified in beliveing, from the evidence 
he has at hand, is a genuine Rubens. Among the other beautiful 
and striking paintings in Mr. Hassinger's collection which the 
writer had the ])leasme of examining, is one by Gilbert Stewart, 
of the revolutionary p.uriol. General Knox. It will be remem- 
bered that Stewart painted the very best portraits extant of 
George Washington. A " Cleopatra," by the celebrated Guido 
Reni. The figure is of life-size, and is said to be one of his 
grandest works. A " Nell Gynne," by Peter Leylv. is a work 
highly prized by its owner. " Tw'o Cows." bv Paul Potter, 
painted in 1530. is very much admired. Thus w-e might move 
on among the rare old works which this lover of true art has 
gathered. It is to be regretted the real lovers of art among our 
wealthy people are so few, for had we iriore like Peter Hassinger, 
who not alone possesses the love for art, but also possesses the 
wherewith to cultivate that love, artists need not go begging. 
That Peter Hassinger is eminently a self-made man, goes with- 
out the saying, and that he deserves all the good things which 
his own-earned competency can bring, none who know him 
will deny. 



THE 
ne 



ADAM KAAS. 

manufacture uf gold and silver ornaments for the har- 
ss and saddlery trade, has. tor generations, been a 
noted industry, largely carried on in this city of workshops. 
Among the many able and well-known firms, we take pleasure 
in mentioning the name of Mr. Adam Kaas, who has been 
identified with the trade for more than half a century, an 
photo of whom 




UKNKN' » . KLl-.MM. 



will be noticed on this page 
and speaks louder than any- 
thing we could say. The 
plant is located in the Wil- 
son Building, cor. Mechanic 
and Lawrence streets, and is 
one of the oldest and best 
equipped for the manufact- 
uring of fine harness orna- 
ments, letters, monograms, 
etc. Mr. Kass is an orna- 
ment maker by trade, and is 
principally noted in the har- 
ness market for the fine 
grade of goods that he is 
enabled to jiroduce, which 
are widely known all over 
the Stales of the Union. 
Canada and South American 
ports, and used on the finest 
grades of harness, etc., with 
great satisfaction. 




.\UAM K.\AS. 



L'2l> 



rs^EX cni'xrv. x. ./., illustrated. 



C DURAND CHAPMAN 

MR I h,i|iiii.m li.is uoi) .1 (li--lii\- 
-U^^llCll |lll>illllll III lliL- .cilisi > 
I ir< Ic of MUin;; Ainciicaii p.iiiilri-., Ili 
I l-rriuh IIiif^utiiKt ami Kcvohj- 
^liifk. .iiul is .1 Sun "f '111' late 
Kc\. I'rot, Jiiliii 1.. Cliaimia: 
of AsluT r.. Durancl, itic fan. 
piinlir. cx-iircsiili 111 of llu National 
A.ailiiiiy "f I'csil;". Mr. Clia|iiiians 
. ireii licLjan at tin Natimia! Acadiiiiy. 
%. indi r I'li.f. Wllinarlh. J. (".. 

I, V . anil I. \\ clls Cliaiii|mcv. 

;;ra(liiaiin)4 a pri/c sliultnl in 1S-9 Wt- 
i\(-\i lind him ociiipunjj a sliidiii in tliu 
liisiiiriial iild Itnlll Street IJuiklin^'. 
Niw Yiirk", llie limiu- of Chase, liroun, 
Ucllaas, Guy and many ollurs. His 
lirst suci c>s, llio paint in;4 "Come In." 
was t\hil)ite<l in 1SS2 in ihc National 
Academy and piiicliased there hy a 
wealthy art coniioisscur for a pri\atf col- 
lection in ISoston. 

In |X8> we lind him in Munich and 
later in I'aris. under the celebrated French 
masters I'ernaiido Cnrnion and Beiiiainin 
ConslaiUe. While there he painted "Miiie 
Ka.sc in Mine Inn, ""Eventide, ""Keverie," 




"THE \VI DDIM, l;(JN.\tr. 






the latter exhibited in the I'.uis Salon of 18S5. On his return he established a studio in 
llu- Cilobe Building. Newark, where he paintcil "The Wedding Honnet," of 
which an illustration is liere given. In 1S90 he married Caroline A. V. 
I Holbrook, daughter of the late A. M. Holbiook, Esq., and resides at 

, EIniwood, Irvinglon, N. J , the old homestead and country seat of 

the Chapnians for nearlv tliree jjeneralions. Mr. Chapman has occu- 
' pied a studio in the Prudential Build- 

ing since its completiop. His talents 
are versatile -efpially strong in black 
and white, designing and illustrating, 
water color, pastel and oil, and a most 
successful instructor. 

His paintings are seen at all the 
)rinci])al art exhibitions and are 
owned by many prominent art patrons, 
lie delights in ipiaint interiors with 
ligures, which he fills with a satisfying 
.itmosphere of charming sympathy an<l 
' lutb. " The Reveries of a Bachelor," 
In Disgrace," "Close of the Day," 
OldClnims " and "Solid Comfort,' 
«fTI^T '" »■ - "*^^B ire some of his important works. He 

/j£l-U '4^H ^ a member of the Newark Sketch 

'"^ I -~^ 'r»3 , Club, American Art Society and Salma- 

gundi Club, of New York. 

Mr. Chapman believes in giving his 

i.ilents and energies to his native State and home. All the 

success he has won has had its birth here and its inlluence gladly 

given for the advancement of art in this city. Interest in art 

has iiicre.ised largely in the last ten years in Newark. Art 

paltoiis are libend and .ipprecialive. Many exhibitions, art 

' lull-,, .iiid iiuble works in p.iinling and sculpture have enriched the city and added 

1(1 its icnowii. .Mr. Chapman hopes to see a tine .irl gallery established in Newark 

ill the nc.ir future, with loan collections and public exhibitions of the best e.vainplcs 

of niodein art, the inlluence of which would be of incalulabic good to all classes 

of SOI iet\ ,is well as a valuable addition to the citv's institutions. 




ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



221 



CHARLES B DUNCAN. 

THKRE are bin 
names betl 



but few, if aiiv. 
tier or more 
wiilelv known to the people 
residing in what is commonly 
designated as the " Ironbound 
District," situated east of the 
Pennsylvania Railroad, than that 
of our fellow-townsman, now 
under consideration. This 
public-spirited and enterprising 
I iti/en has been identified with 
everything that has aimed to 
advance or promote the welfare 
of the district or its inhabitants 
during the past half a century. 
The illustration shown on this 
page represents his place of 
business, whicli is one of the 
oldest in the neighborhood, and 
a tirst-class photo of Mr. Duncan 
is presented in the illustrations 
on page 126 of this work. Mr. 
Duncan is one of the oldest and 
most reliable real estate and 
insurance brokers in the city and 
devotes his personal attention to 
the buying, selling and exchang- 
ing of property, renting of 
houses, caring for estates, pro- 

cining loans on bond and mortgage, placing lines of insurance 
in the most reliable companies and on the most favorable 
terms. He makes a specialty of drawing up and writing deeds, 
wills and agreements in all their various forms. In connection 
with this he conducts one of the largest and best equipped 
news and stationery depots in that section of the city, where 
everything in the stationery line will be found ; and in addition 
to this, a large and well-equipped library is maintained for the 
use of the general public. Mr. Duncan, while being a very 
busy man, has always found time to act the part of a good 
citizen, having represented the people of his district in the Slate 
Legislature for three successive terms, serving with ability on 




OKFK'E OF CHARLKS B. DUNCAN, CORNER PACIFIC AND ELM .SlRI-.tTS. 



several ini]X)rlant committees. He is |)rominenlly identified 
with the building and loan associations of the city, and is con- 
nected with numerous patriotic, political, religious, benevolent 
and social organizations. 



C. H. SLAIGHT. 

A GREAT and useful work has been commenced by the 
Park Commissioners toward the embellishment of the 
city and its suburbs by the conversion of city squares into |)arks 
and by the planting of shade trees and shrubbery to beautify 
them. -Of the great benefit that will accrue to the people and of 
the immensely improved aspect of the whole County of Essex 
can be little doubt. 




/ 



//•-■ 



there 

There is another question 
which requires condsideration 
— how far will these impro\c- 
ments tend toward advancing 
real estate ? There is no 
doubt but that all property 
fronting upon or adjoining 
these parks will continually 
increase, and investors will 
constantly be on the lookout 
for wide-awake agents to 
handle their bargains. 

We here take pleasuse in 
mentioning the name of Mr. 
C. H. Slaight. whose office 
is located at No. 122 Rose- 
ville Avenue, opposite the 
Koseville station of D. L. iS; 
\V. I^. R. This enteri)rising 
citizen conducts a general 
real estate and insurance 
business. 




c. H. SLAIOUr. 



ESSEX COrXTV, -V. ,/., ILLFSTRATED. 









H BUCHLEIN. 



)m 




i^mlt^ 



\ llie fiisl (lay of April. 1871, Mr. H. lUulilcin 
associated willi hiiiisclf Mr. Sisserson ■,\n<.\ pur- 
chased llie business which he owns to-day, from Dodd 
lirotlieis. In 1S72, Mr. Sisserson \vith(hew from tlic 
ship, thus leaving Mr. ISuchlein sole owner and iiiana- 
we see the >oung man who began work as a 



iiv/ journeyman for the Dodd lirothers in 1S68, in the short space of fiv 



\ears. l)ccommg sole ])roprietor — another example of success wrought 
out under the old adage, "Where there's a will there's away.'' Mr. 
aichlein's resolve thus early made, to conduct a manufacturing business, 
las been proven over and over again, was no wild venture 
in e.irlv developed business tact, and he had the ])ush behind to make 



j^ 



lU t HLI-IN. 



but was born of 

ehind to make .1 

success of what is a branch of manufacturing business carried on in the 

lilv of Newark, known as the designing and making of seals, stamps, 

engraving and die sinking for jewelers and ornamental lirass work, also for 

I her and pajier embossing, and which prob.ibly contains a gri-ater number 

md varictv of industries under a single head than any other known industry. 

This business in all its varieties is now conducted by Mr. II. ISuchlein at 7S7 

ISroad Street, corner Market Street, thiid lloor. For such an extensive business 

Mr. lUuhlein carries on. in all prob.ibiliiy he occupies, comparatively speaking, a 

\ery small tloor space. Mr. IJuchlein has now been engaged in business more than 

.1 (|uarler of a century, and elegant specimens of the handiwork which he turns 

out ;ire seen in all parts of the country and, in f.ict, wherever stamps are used anil 

embossed paper or leather is manufactured or used the marvellous skill of Mr. 

lUichlem in the manufacture of dies is exhibited, and whatever comes from his 

factorv .ire the resultant output of his genius and mechanic.d skill. 

^^ .-M .ircely .1 busine.ss oflice of any |)retcnsions at all, but has for a part of its clerks' paraphernalia and its Secretary s 

uuttlt the rubber stamps, or indeed, perhaps, wheie some other kind of stamps are deemed necessary, are made in his 

esi.iblishment. Mr. Iluchlein is a marvel in his line and, in fact, his line has no boundaries. His out-spreading genius 

reaches, we might say. almost everywhere to find materi.d to satisfy its demands. 

With such promptness does he meet all the demands upon him, individually or upon his time, lliat for many years he has 
been dubbed by those who know him best, "Old Reliable." From all sections of our own country, and from acro.ss the 
water as well, where anything in the way of a marvel is wanted or is called for, the name of citizen Buchlein is the first on 
ist, and then, .ihnost as <iuick as thought, when the order is given, the work is very soon complete and re.ndy for use. It is his 
unswerving honesty and unassailable chai.icter which has given to him the high standing which he holds in the business community 
and which gives him such a high standing in the departments where talent and energy win with so little apparent effort. 

County and city ollici.il badges are manuf.ictured by Mr. ISuchlein from patterns of his own designing. Some of them are gems, 

indeed, and show plainly that true ,irt has an abiding place in his mind, where it requires but the touch of a button to set the current 

in motion, with the production of some rare work to be enjoyed by all who look upon and handle. The stencils and brands which he 

turns out an- mnsi atlr.K live .-ii\d .ilways give the very best satisf.iction to buyer, seller and user. The production of rubber oOice 

"f his busi- 

^ much time 

and capital to carry on, and 

the resultant outputs are e(|u,il 

if not, inileed, superior to 

" i-d in any other 

rid. It has not 

.ili been piay, by any means, for 

Mr. liui hlein to produce sui h 

s.iiisf.K lory results, whether you 

i.ike it from the standpoint of 

L;i'rMUs and mei h.iriic.d skill or 



tl 



• seasons the hours of 

ur niil long enough to 

Mr. Iluchleir) linre and 

>ik out his 

iLieingS iif 



rn neeil of 

V- 




KKl;U(.l-.k flUNKI-.K IIO.MK. 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED 



223 



WILLIAI^ 



LOGEL 



IT would be dillicult to select out of the whole miscellany of 
Newark's domestic industries, one which has had a more 
important bearing upon the commercial affairs of the city than 
the trade in general, family groceries. This important and 
necessary business stands foremost in line with the many com- 
mercial enterprises that have contributed to the steady growth 
and prosperity of the city. In reviewing the many able and 
honorable names identified with this particular industry, we 
take pleasure in mentioning that of Mr. William Logel, a faith- 
ful picture of whom appears in tlie illustrations shown on this 
page. The business is located on Springfield Avenue, corner 
Fifteenth Street, and is one of the neatest and best e(|uippcd 
grocery plants in that section of the city. 

Stocked with a large and well-selected line of general family 
groceries and provisions, including new crop teas, coffees, 
spices, dried foreign and domestic fruits, hermetically sealed 
goods of every description — in fact, everything in the line of 
food supplies known to the tiade, all of which are received 
from first hands, from the best and largest markets in tin 
country, enabling the enterprising proprietor to supply the 
customers at the lowest, rock-bottom prices. In connection 
with the grocery business, a well-regulated meat market is a 
prominent feature of the house, which is very convenient for 
the people residing in the neighborhood. Polite assistants are 
in attendance, and free deliveries are made to customers in .all 
paits iif the city and its suburbs. Mr. Logel was born in 
Xew.irk and was educated in the schools of the city, and has 
been identified willi the industries of Newark for ne.ulv half 
a century. 




WILLIAM K. SCHOENIG. 

A\TS1T through the western section of Newark will con- 
\ince the visitor how rapidly that part of the city is being 
built up with elegant, useful and substantial business places 
and residences. In this connection we mention with pleasure 
the many able architects of this city who are an honor to their 
profession, among whom stands Mr. W 
first-class photo of whom is presented 
skilled and talented effoi'ts of this gentleman include many of 



WiLI,l.\M LdGl^LS NKW <;i«c)C'KRV ANll I'UI A' I Sl( IN SfoKE, 
rilR..«I'RINGFlEI.I) AVKNUE ANII IM I-'IKENIH SIREr.i. 

the more noted architectural features that have been perfected 
within the past twenty years, and the results of his handiwork 
are ap])arent in many neat residences, useful dwellings, liand- 
sonie fiats and numerous other buildings in the western section 
nf the city. The |)lans of Mr. Schoenig are conspicuous for 
original iileas and display a masterly genius for architectural 
effect. His drawings or designs also show a deep study and a 
thorough knowledge of' his profession. Mr. Shoenig's office 
and drawing rooms are located on the corner of Springfield and 
Littleton Avenues. He takes great pleasure in his business and 
his services are in constant demand. 



WILLIAM A. BIRD. 



liam K. Schoenig, a 
on this page. The 



ONE of the oldest ,ind best known representatives of the real 
estate and insurance business in this city is Mr. William 
A. ISird, whose photo appears on the preceding ]5age. Mr. Bird 




WILLIAM LOOEL. 



transacted his first deal in this pro- 
fession in June, 1862, and during 
the thirty-five years which he has 
devoted to this calling, few men, if 
any, will be found with a clearer 
record. He is rightly characterized 
as one of the many gentlemen who 
have chosen the real estate profes- 
sion, a fact which is demonstrated 
by his success. Mr. liird's oflice is 
located in the BoUes Ijuilding, 729 
liroad Street, adjoining the Post 
Ofiice. He is engaged in a general 
city and county business, covering 
the buying, selling and exchanging 
of "real estate, securing loans on 
mortgages and effecting insurance 
in the most reliable comjianies. 
Mr. Bird is thoroughly posted in all 
of the details of the trade, and as 
a reliable appraiser of real estate 
in every section of the city and 
its suburbs, he stands without a 
peer. 




WlLl.IA.M K. SCIlOEiMG. 



L'ln 



j:ssnx corxTv. .v../., illfstrated. 



ARTHUR HINDE. 

Ir sicni-. williin reason ili.il a InisiiK -.s in. in wilh 
an e\|)cricncf »( ihirly-four years, must liave 
I.,, ■ ; idnnecliiins and be in a pnsilion lo 

,,!■ ;ienls unknown In men nf laler il He. 

Crrl.nii it i>. thai lie lias had the time to llecome 
Luiiihar will) the licst sources of sup|)ly. harn the 
wishes anil rc(|uirenienls of his p.ilrcms and carry 
the effect of liis loni; e\periments into play. The 
numlier of names that are worthy of menlion in 
lln^ rnnneclion. inchide-. th.H of Mr. Arlliur llinde. 
,,l (173-075 ISru.id Street, who has been notable a.s a 
jjeneral real estate and instrance broker in < ily and 
.Stale property for the past thirty-four years. He 
buvs. sells and exchanges realty, c.ires for estates, 
secures loans on bond and mortgage, writes lines 
on nisurance in sterlin;; companies, and is enga<;ed 
as general manager of the .Vmerican Building Lo.in 
and .Savings .Association of .New Jersey. 

Mr. Hinde. a photo of whom is presented in the 
illustrations on this page, was born in Manchester. 
Kngland. in 1S44. and is regarded among the clever 
.ind reliable of the city's underwriters and brokers 
in real estate. He has brought prestige into his 
every c.dling, having connections with some of the leading 
business men of capital, and he is honored with the full endorse- 
ment of his patrons, who h.ive learned to place their complete 
conl'idencc in his .ibilities. 

PHILIP MILLER. 

PKDMINKNT among those who have built up a wide-spread 
anil permanent connection with property owners is .\Ir. 
I'hilip Miller, real estate and insurance broker, of Room 5. No. 
iH<j M.irket Street. He embarked in business in 1.S7S, as ;i 
inember of the firm of Hedden iV Miller, and at the death of 
his partner, in 1S92. he assumed sole control. Mr. .Miller h.ts 
built up a substantial and inlluential patronage, and occupies a 
suite of oflices which are handsomely litted up, where he con- 
ducts a general real estate business in all its branches, buying, 
selling, exchanging, leasing and letting lands and buildings of 




Ul-,SIDliNc I. 01 



.i.nKui;EK, UN sijiiii .sixKviH siRi;i;r. 



every description in city and comitry. He has been a resident of 
Newark for nearly half a century, and is familiar with the 
present and prospective values of all kinds of realty in all parts 
of this city and State. He has always on his books advantage- 
ous bargains in stores, houses and lands, as well as lists and 
descriptions of stores, dwellings, flats, etc., to let. He negoti- 
ates loans on bond and morlgage, at live and six percent., on 
commis.sion. and is a reliable medium between borrower and 
lender. I'aticiilar attention is given to the management of 
estates, which are kept in the highest stale of repair and 
producliveness. Rcsiioiisible tenants are secured, and rents 
are promptly collected. Insurance is also placed with reliable 
comp.mies. .Mr. Miller, a striking photo of whom is pre- 
sented on this page, was formerly engaged in the meat 
business, an<l during eleven years served as City Meal Inspector. 
He is an active member of the .Masonic Order and numerous 
other well-known organizations. 



i 





G 



I > where you will, through 
.iny part of this city 
lliere is nothing that will at- 
tract the .ittention so much 
as the many useful .ind ele- 
g.int residences that every- 
where adorn the streets .mil 
.ivenues. 

These are monuments that 
spe.ik for the thrift and enter- 
prise of the inhabilants, and 
disclose the .idvance made in 
.irchilectural art. .Among the 
illustrations presented on ihis 
page will he found the resi- 
ilem e of iHir fellow-townsman, 
Mr. l-.iigelbeiger. on South 
Seventh Street. The grounds 
.ibout the house are kept in the 
orderly way. belitting t he 
dwelling-pl.ii e of a gentleman 
who makes business a ple.is- 
ure and home a sacred retreat. 




AKrilUK IIISIJE. 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. /., ILLUSTRATED. 




RESIDENCE (i|- ELIAS i.. HEI.LKK, ON ELWOOD AVENUE. FOREST HU.I,. 



FOREST HILL ASSOCIATION. 

THE Forest Hill Association was iiu-orporated in iSgo, with 
Elias G. Heller as President. The Association purchased 
several large tracts of land located in the northern part of 
Newark on the New York and Greenwood Lake Railroad, and 
named the |)lace and station Forest Hill. Thronj;h the fore- 
sight, energy and push of its President, the tracts of woodland 
was transformed into the most delightful 
suburban place in Newark. Forest Hill 
is the highest, coolest, healthiest and most 
beautiful suburban place within the city 
limits and onlv tweruy luinutes' ride from 
Market and Uroad .Streets on the Forest 
Hill electric car. and thirty luinutes' ride 
from Chambers .Street or Twenty-third 
Street, New York, on the N. Y. & G. I,. 
R. R. In fact, Forest Hill has all the 
city privileges, such as flagged, curbed, 
sewered and macadamized streets, gas 
and electric lights, pure water, private 
and public schools, church and club, mail 
deh\"ery, telegraph and telephone service, 
police and fire protection, etc.. with the 
advantage of a healthv country surround- 
ing of an elevation one hundred and sixtv- 
five feet above the tide water. The entire 
tract of about a mile s(|uare is restricted 
against .'dl nuisances, and lots or plots are 
only sold for residental purposes, which 
is a guarantee every ])erson has who 
locates his or lier home .it Forest Hill. 



The Association, through its present (18971 officers— Ellas 
G. Heller. President ; J. Edwin Keene, Treasurer, and Paul E. 
Heller. Secretary, life-like photos of whom are presented in the 
illustrations, offers the most liberal terms to those desirous of 
owning a home, which enables all to procme one who can 
afford to pay rent, and thus have a warrantee deed to show for 
their savings as against an ;ibiuidance of rent receipts. 

The environs of Newark have been endowed by the l.ivish 
hand of nature with a charming diversity 
of gifts. Look where you will, some 
delightful view of hill, or wood, or water 
arrests the eye. These picturesque topo- 
graphical features have been turned to 
good account in the making of homes, 
which are the fitting .architectural jewels 
for so beautifid and bounteous a setting. 
Any description of the city. theri:fore. 
would be incomplete if we were to omit 
to direct attention to the attractions of 
the suburbs, which are occupied not only 
by the citizens of Newark, but also by 
thousands of families wliose heads do 
business in New York, and find it in all 
res|)ects more advantageous to li\e out- 
side the crowded cily. But of all the 
|)leasant suburbs of Newark, the (lower is 
the Forest Hill section, in the north- 
western part of the city. Here are com- 
bined in ecpial ])roporlions the advantages 
of urban and suburban life, making this 
locality a perfect place of residence. 
HKi.LKK, [•KEsiDiiNr. ' n sahd)rity of situation ,uid in ch.nni 




£.S\S7:.V COIXTY, .\. J., ILLl'SiTRATED. 



'^ 




^Jm. ^ 



\4i IB I "Ti^iy, *_'^ 





IIKI.I.Kk l'AKK\V.\\, WEST IROM I.AKF. SIKKEI, lUKESl HILI.. 



'•i oiillijiik. Koiol Hill can scarcely be surpassed by anv 
'itlicr suburl) in the county of F.ssex. The most extended 
Mews over ivery point of the compass are commanded. 
To the south is Newark, uilli her outl\ing places, including her 
broad bay, the heights of Sl.iten Island and also a glimpse of 
llritlge inu\ the Slatue of Liberty. Kastward are the 
the .Arlington Hills, dotted here and there with 
piMsanl villas, fruitful orchards and groups of shade trees. To 
Ihcwesi and northwest loom up the Orange Mountains, veiled 
in mjal purple, with Moi\i( lair and the Oranges in the fore- 
street railway cars. 



ground, while the outline of the dark blue hills toward distant 
Pompton bounds the horizon northwards. Here, indeed, is a 
very kaleidoscope of natural beauties of field, river, bay, forest 
and mountain. 

And yet these glimpses of nature, in all her varjing aspects, 
would not be sufTicient in themselves to attract home-makers. 
Rapid transit, freciucnt trains and comfortable cars are also 
indispensable to the suburban resident. With all these neces- 
sities Forest Hill is amply provided. The centre of Newark is 
easily reached by means of a well-ei|uipped line of electric 
with a liberal 




system of transfers in operation, 
affordmg cheap transportation to 
every part of the city, as well as to 
the Oranges. Bloomfield. Helleville 
.ind other suburban places. Easy 
access to the great city across the 
Hudson is obtained by taking the 
c.irs of the New York and Green- 
wood Lake Railroad, either at the 
Silver Lake station of the Orange 
llranch. or those of the main liii-- 
.It Forest Hill station, which is 
al the junction of the two roads. 
New ^■ork. indeed is only nine and 
oiii -li.ilf miles distant, and the com- 
muter is landed at the foot of 
Ch.imbrrs Street in about thirty- 
live minutes from the moment he 
bo.irds tin- tr.iiii. at a cost of 
eighteen cents for the rouinl trip, 
including ferriage over ihe river. 
I'r.iclic.dlv. the residinls of i'lirist 
I lill ale neaiei ihe business Centre 




I'All. li. IIKI.I.BK, sKCKtTAKV. 



ESSEX COUXTY, X. J., ILLrSTRATED. 



227 



of Xew York than are the citizens of Harlem or the remoter 
parts of Brooklyn, while the comforts of the transit to and fro 
is incomparably superior for the New Jersey suburban resi- 
dent. This is a fact beyond dispute. It is, therefore, not to 
111- woiulered at. taking into consideration the high rents, 
impure air and generally unwholesome surroundings of city 
life, that so many New York business men have shaken the 
dust of the metropolis from their feet and established them- 
selves in homes at Forest Hill, where their houses are larger 
and more comfortably arranged than are any that could be 
secured, even by a far greater expenditure of money, within the 
limits of the city. 

lUit the advantages which give this suburb its distinguish- 
ing character and make it a place of ha])py and conte]ited 
homes are not yet exhausted. Situated within the corporate 
limits, it is subjected onlv to the low tax rate for which Newark 



from every point of view. Therefore, the Forest Hill Associa- 
tion was organized and at once set to work upon well-considered 
and practical plans for developing the undertaking. Not a foot 
of ground has l)een sold, nor will be sold, except imder the 
reasonable restrictions and guarantees which were originally 
established. When a purchaser presents himself he is informed 
tlial, while the largest liberty is allowed in the exercise of 
l)ersonal taste, certain stipulations must be inexorably regarded. 
The deed which conveys to him his property binds him, his 
heirs and assigns, neither to occupy nor lo sell his premises for 
the purpose of carrying on the manufaclure of spirituous oi' 
malt liquors, fertilizers or other undesirable occupations, which 
.ire duly specified. Moreover, there are covenants which pre- 
clude building within a certain distance of the street line, 
erecting houses of an undesirable grade, or putting up barns, 
stables or outhouses within prohibited limits. 




MONTCI.AIR AVEN'IK, EASf FRONt DK (IRAW AVKNIE. 



deserves credit and under which she makes many and satis- 
factory civic improvements. The public schools of Forest Hill 
are .also part of the excellent educational sj'stem of Newark, 
than which there is none better. The same may be said of 
ni.iil, express, telegraph and police service, which are, respectively, 
parts of the municipal organization. The streets are curbed, 
dagged. macadamized and to some extent sewered, while they 
.ire lighted either by gas or electricity. The water su])ply 
i-omes from the Pequannock, and is of a purity almost un- 
equaled and of a quantity inexhaustible. 

And yet Foiest Hill, as it stands to-day, with its ])leasant and 
commodious homes, its well-kept lawns, its wide and graded 
streets, its churches, schools and fine shade trees, appeared 
onlv seven years ago as the mental vision of its founder and 
principal promoter. Mr. Ellas G. Heller, a successful manufac- 
turer residing in the district. To him belongs the credit of 
bringing this model enterprise into being. He resolved upon 
building up a suburb which would be entirely unobjectionable 



The result of this extreme care has been to secure the very 
best kind of residents, to double the value of all the property 
within five years, and to obtain a class of houses which range 
in cost from $3,000 to $25,000. The pictures herewith given of 
a few residences and parts of streets sufficiently indicate the 
character of the suburban homes which have sprung up in this 
beautiful section of Newark. And to cap the climax of good 
things which have already fallen to the residents of Forest Hill, 
the founder, Mr. Ellas G. Heller, has generously donated eighteen 
.icres of land to the Essex County Park Commissioners, w)io 
have secured about three hundred acres adjoining Forest Hill, 
which will be transformed into a public park at an early day. 

.An elaborate park system for Essex County is now under 
way, controlled by a Board of five well-known citizens who 
were appointed by Justice I)a\id A. Uepue, under an act of the 
legislature, in whom full and ample powers are invested to 
provide a park system at an expense of two and one-half 
millions of dollars. 



/:.s-,s7;.V CnTWTY. X. ./.. UJJ-STR.XTED. 



H V HOBBIS 



j;ro\\lli iif Ncu.iik in llii 
and eli-^'.int siriiiliirr> i 



Till. WMlXldllll 
'.'■.ur ..f new 

!)\ a(l\ .until iiltas in .irL-hilfCl- 
.^ >cfn in llie niinnriHis rt'siiiciu i-s. 
iiul bu->nii->s |)Imi( s (.reeled in iverv 
I ihecitv. Thai skill which is shown 
iiMii^ fcalurts ol their snlislanlial and 
;;r.i. fhii . .■iisiiuclicin. incUiilmi; ornamental de- 
•, - . ■, :>..ils :■, iheni ihc deftness and 
chill its. atnong whom 
|i,.,^,rr .:i 1 .illini; attention to the 
Mr. H. \ . linhlijs. who is noted in 
ihi^ ii..hure<l |)rii(cs>jun. and whose photo wc 
|Mt-.eiit in the illiislr.ilions below. This enter- 
lirisinj; citizen conducts business in well- 
e<|ni|>|>cd olhces and drauyhlini; rooms, on tin- 
tifth tloor o( the Globe Ituilding. corner Bro.id 
and Mechanic streets. His ability and genuine 
merit have been t|uickly recognized, and ha\e 
been rewarded with the most llatlerinj,' success. 
.\ jjciieral line of architectural business is ably 
conducted, planning all kinds of structures 
and guaranteeing tidelity to all tletails of his 
1 .ircfully drawn s|)ecil)cations. He is a valuable .uklition to 
the .dre.id\ great number of honorable and energetic architects 
ill this city, and with his evpericnce and thorough knowledge 
of his profession in .dl its branches, .ind strict attention to busi- 
ness, he will continue to merit, and doubtless receive, .i liberal 
share ipf public p.itron.ige. 



THE A OHL MACHINE WORKS. 

IT has been truthfull) st.ited by ;i prominent industrial e.xpert, 
that an\ thing wanted in the machine trade, from a iicedh- 
to an anchor, is to be found in the work-shops of .Newark, and 
there is no gainsaying the fact that the machinists and 
inventors, as a class, have been prominent factors in altractiii" 
various other trades to locate their i)lants in this cil\. We 
mention, with pleasure, the well-known name of ihe .\. ()h| 
M.irhiiir Works, manufacturers of the celebr.iteil .\. OhI 




KKSIIIKM I 111- l\->lll-. 



HIM, i>.\ I'AKK .\\ 1 ., DK.A.M.K, K. .1. 



Patent Water Filters, and patented Paint and \'ainish 
Machines, general machinists and tool-makers, inventors and 
designers of special machinery to order. .\ life-like photo of 
the proprietor is presented herewith, and the well-equipped 
machine plant is located in the Whealon Building, corner 
Market street and Pennsylvania K. R. avenue — Nos. 365-367 
Market street and Nos. 25-31 Pennsylvania K. K. avenue, opp. 
Market Street Station. This enterprising mechanic is noted 
for his skill and ability in designing .ind improving upon the 
invention of others, having in his employ some of the most 
thoidugh and experienced workmen known to the trade. 

This, < ombined with his personal knowledge, enables him 
to execute promptly the most delicate order in Ihe machinists' 
trade. The plant is known for having produced some of the 
finest dies and tools, presses, engines and a variety of ordinary 
machinery of the heaviest and most approved style, Mr. OhI 
being the owner of several valuable i)aleiite<l inventions which 
are a great help to the trade. 




A\ II'.W of the residence of Kx- 
Sherilf Mdwin W. Mine, of 
Orange is shown above, and a 
photo of whom will be found on 
page 125. Mr. Hine was born in 
Ohio, March 1853, and was edu- 
cated in the public schools of that 
Slate. He settled in Orange in 
1872. and iiigaged in the llour and 
feed business, which he conducted 
successfully for a number of years. 
In 1XS7, hi- represented the people 
■ if the Second Ward in the Orange 
Common Comicil, anrl in 1S87 he 
was elected Sheriff of Kssex Counlv. 
During the ji.isl six years he has 
been identified with the manufac- 
ture of Harveyi/e<l Armor, Ihe 
.American Washer and Manufactur- 
ing Co. and the New Jer.sey Trac- 
tion Compan). He is IJeulenant 
'"■'liilnl o( the 2d Keg. N. (;. N.J. 




11, V. iioiiuis, AKCiiriKcr. 



nssnx corxTv, n. j., illvstk.xted. 



229 



I 



J. B. FAITOUTE. 

ESSEX Coimly. New Jersey, is 
famous throujjliout civiliza- 
tion as tlie liome of numerous co- 
operative associations, including 
religious, patriotic, educational, in- 
dustrial, fraternal, social, benevo- 
lent, charitable and various others 
too numerous to mention. All of 
these exist in a flourishing condi- 
tion, and meet with the approval 
and indorsement of the people, for 
whose good they exist. There are. 
perhaps, but few of our fellow- 
citizens who really consider the 
amount of good that is continually 
being done, through th-j offices of 
these time honored organizations. 
Among them we mention with 
])leasure, and exhibit a striking 
]ihoto of, Mr, J. B. Faitoute, who 
so creditably discharges the duties 
of Supreme Secretaiv of the 
Golden Star Fraternity. 

Besides being connected with the Supreme Comicil of one of 
the most thriving fraternal insurance organizations, Mr. Faitoute 
has been carrying on a large and most extensive insurance 
business, representing nearly all of the well-known and largest 
insurance companies in this country. For a number of years 
he has also been Secretary of both the Fireside and Hearth- 
stone Building and Loan Associations. Both as.sociations arc 
well-known in business circles. His ofiice is situated in the 
Clinton Building. 

The organization is a social, fraternal and benevolent 
association, and was incorporated under the laws of the -State 
of New Jersev, January 21, 1882. The incorporators were 
residents of the city of Newark and well-known among the 
business community, hence it is absolutely a home institution. 
Its objects are to promote industry, morality and charity among 
its members, and to provide and establish a beneficiary fund 
from which, on satisfactory evidence of the death of a member, 
a sum not exceeding $2. 000, shall be paid to the beneficiaries. 




HKIIREW l)kl'll..\N ASVI.CM. ON .\l I l.l'.ERU V STREET 



OTTO K. SCHILL 

II is a true saying, that " Music 
hath charn'.s to soothe the 
savage breast." This may or mav 
not be true : it all depends upon 
one's definition of music, and this 
ag.iin relies upon one's education, 
riicn the savageness of the be.ist 
must be inversely proportinale to 
the savageness of the music. What 
might bring tears to the eyes of 
the sav.ige, might bring tears to 
our eyes, too. but from a vastly 
different reason. Uncouth strains 
that might have a soothing effect 
upon a Chinese widow, might 
sooth us also, on the same princi- 
ple that a policeman's club has a 
soothing effect if judiciously ap- 
plied. A glance at the striking 
photo which the artist has so suc- 
cessfully transferred to this page, 
will .satisfy anyone who has the 
least smattering of phrenological 
science, that the artist whom it represents is musically inclined, 
and that music is a natural characteristic. 

The elegant studio of this musical genuis is located in the 
Clinton Building, No. 22 Clinton Street, between Broad and 
Beaver Streets. Here he devotes his |)ersonaI attention in 
giving lessons to those desiring to learn the art of playing the 
soul-entrancing violin. Newark is justly proud of her many 
excellent artists, but few, if .iiiy, possess the (lualifications to ijii- 
parl their knowledge of this particular instrument to others 
heller than our well-known fellow-townsman, Mr. Olto K. 
Schill, who is noted as one of the most painstaking, untiring 
and devoted mstructors, whose ambition is to graduate musical 
artists who will be a credit to themselves and an honor to hitr.. 



A'' 




F.-VITOCTE. 



STACY B. RITTENHOUSE. 
MONG the business men of the Tenth Ward, the name of 
Stacy B. Rittenhouse is well and favorably known, he 
having been identified in the industrial pursuits for the past 
twenty-five years. The photo pre- 
sented on page 214 is a good like- 
ness of the gentleman under con- 
sideration, who is engaged in the 
grocery and dairy business located 
on the northwest corner of Pacific 
Street and New York Avenue. 
Mr. Rittenhouse devotes his atten- 
tion to the success of his calling, 
.and while a strict business man. 
has fotmd time to discharge the 
duties of citizenship, he having 
represented faithfully the people of 
of the Tenth Ward in the Board 
cf Education for four years and 
served with ability on some of the 
most important committees of tin- 
board. 

Mr. Rittenhouse, in connection 
with the grocery trade, conducts ,1 
dairy and produce business, sup|ily- 
ing everything in these lines in 
their season. otto k. schili. 




IV.V ' 



A 



/;..-.s7f.V CnrXTV. X.J., ILLI'SThWri-D. 



ALFRED PETER. 






il>. 1)1 .Mil llf-^ 

I which must 
■ui. Th;it wliich 
gfniii>, and that 

, i|,l 



art. Theiv 

. . ,iiii-cls lonihKiiiij; 

, the luiinbt^r wc tak<- 

\Ii. AlfrtMl IVtrr. a photo of 

-'.iMtioii-. on this pa'.^f, Mr. 

i lu-at anil well fquipiied 

1 .It No. 215 l\rry Slroft. 

.oul he IS an eminently 

;!t,i, u.i.i . Muscii.-nliously discharges 

who intrust their work in tnis line to 

1,1;, I ji ilions .mil estini.ites are prepared with 

,• . . and he has achieved great success, 

lor and interior elegance of his huild- 

, , in. 11. "i ^ "' 1 i' -^ adorn the eastern section of the city. 

lie is noted in the profession for closely adhering to the 

•,pei iliiatiiins in supervising construction, and in every way 

jirnriiotiiig the best interests of his clients. Mr. Peter has 

won .in enxialile name in his honored profession, and exercises 

a wiile inlluence in the domain of practical architecture, in 

which he has fultilled his obligations to the letier. 



LINCOLN A VIRTUE. 

TIII'Kl'. i> every iiidicaiion of a Cire.iter Newark in the near 
future, and with the increased population, refinement 
.ind wealth thai will necessarily follow, a growing demand will 
arise (or the erection of beautiful, useful .ind substantial si ruc- 
tiirrs. tli.it will become the pride of the public, and at the 
-.iiiir liii 'le .irlmiratioii of .ill visitors. In this connec- 

111.11 «i ire in mentioning the name of Mr. Lincoln 

A. X'irlur, .1 pliDtu of whom is presented in the illustrations, as 
(111C among those of our fellow-citizens who have achieved 
distinction for skill and artistic conceptions as architects in this 
rit\. Mr. \ irtue whose neat and well arranged olTices and 
ilr;iugliliiig rooms .ire located corner IJroad and .Vcademv 
Siretts, opposite the new post-ollice. was born and educated in 




KKSIDKN'Cl-; 111' W. II. H\KKHl)RN, I )N Illr.HIH STKEKl'. 

this St.ite. and at an early age commenced the study of his 
honored profession tinder Messrs. Thomas Cressey and William 
Halsey Wood, both gentlemen being now distinguished archi- 
tects of Newark. 

In 18S9. Mr. Virtue entered upon the practice of his profes- 
sion on his own account, and at once secured a liberal and 
inlluential patron.ige. He is an able and talented architect, who 
attends faithfullv to details, and whose plans are well digested 
and studied. Among the buildings planned and constructed by 
Mr. \'irtue may be mentioned, the Baker Huilding on Market 
Street, the Hotel IJayonne in Jersey City, the Elizabeth Avenue 
Public School, which is represented in the educational depart- 




ment of this illuslraled work, etc. 
I le makes a specialty of designing 
anfl erecting public buildings, and 
h,is successfully solve<l the complex 
problein of how to utilize the inini- 
iiium of building .irea with the 
ni.ixmium of acconiniodation and 
irihilectur.il beauty of design. Mr- 
\irlue always aims to secure to 
'.wners the best results within the 
iiiuiis of estimates, and his i lose 
iilhcrence to S|)ecilications points 
liini out as .in architect of the 
liightest pidfrssion.il attainments. 
Mr. \iliie is .1 member of the 
I '..illield Club and other noted 
organizations in this city. 

Me is regarcle<l as one of the 
ible-sl architects in the city, having 
won an enviable reputation in his 
profession, and exercises a wide in- 
lluence in the anhilectural and 
building trade. 




LINCOLN A. VIKTUE. 



h'SSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



231 



JOHN NIEDER. 

THE histurv iif tlie world is filled with tlie amaz- 
ing deeds of heroic men, and women, too, 
\\\iO have won honors on bloody fields, but the 
pages of this illustrated souvenir has heen devoted 
to recording the names, and presenting photos of 
men whose genius has contributed to make Essex 
County great and famous in the industrial world. 
The numerous interests that have contributed 
towards this grand result, are to be congratulated 
for the parts played in accomplishing it. and promi- 
nent among them the tanning" and manufacturing 
of leather has ])layed an important part. Newark .it 
the present writing being the centre of this trade in 
the United .States. Attention is directed to the 
enterprise of our well-known fellow-townsman. .Mr. 
John Nieder, manuf.icturer of every description nf 
book-binders' and pocket-book brands of leather, 
which are creditable to the push, enterprise and 
ability of this young and wide-awake mechanic. 
The plant is located on Emmett Street and 
.\venue C, near the Eimiiett Street Station of the Pennsylvania 
Railroail. and is one of the best eciuip])ed factories of its size 
and kind in the citv. Mr. Nieder. a photo of whom is seen on 
this page, is a practical mechanic with a thorough knowledge 
of the leather business, especially those brands that he repre- 
sents, and these are noted principally for their quality and 
finish. He is a self-made man, having raised himself up from 
the bench to his pt'esent standing in the leather trade, and has 
on various occasions acted the part of a good citizen, having 
ably repiesented the people of the Tenth Ward in the Board of 
Education, and his district in the State Legislature. 




T 



JACOB GAHR. 
HtC .iccompanying illustration represents a typhical 



inade man, the story of whose life clearly demonstrates 
what can be accomphshed bv energy, integrity, sobrietv and 
reliability. The subject of this sketch was born in Germany, 
IJecember 31, 1856, in humble circumstances. At the age of 
si.xteen his parents emigrated with him and the remainder of 
the familv to this countrv. Shortly after his arrival he secured 



ihh; <;ekman iiospitai., ox h.ani.. ^ikKi'Vr. 

a situation in a cigar factory, and bv strict .iltention to his 
business soon gained the reputation of an e.\pert cigar maker. 

l!y h.ird work and economy he succeeded in laying aside 
sufficient to launch out as a cigar manufacturer on his own 
account, which he did February 2, 1S83. Conmiencing in a 
very small way, his business soon began growing and steadih' 
continued step by step, until to-day he occu))ies a well-equipped 
factory in the rear of 153-155 Hamburg Place, in which he now 
employes several experienced workmen, This is a remarkable 
growth considering the competition he had to contend with. 
It must be noted that the chief source of his success was the 
never failing reliability in the goods he manufactured. A 
customer once secured, he rarely lost. In June, 1896, he also 
embarked in the dry ,ind fancy goods business in his store at 
155 Hamburg I'l.ice, and it is safe to say that he will employ 
the same traits, energy and reliability, to make his new business 
as great a success as the cigar business. On the front of 153- 
155 Hamburg Place he has erected a handsome three-slorv 
frame and a two and one-half story brick structure. 

Mr. Gahr is possessed of a genial disposition which has won 
him a host of friends, and the popularity he enjoys is attested 




by the various organizations with 
which he is connected, mainly the 
Orpheus, Liederkrauz, Bethoven 
Maennerchor, St. Leonard Council, 
No. 448, Catholic Benevolent 
Legion, of which he is vice-presi- 
dent ; St. Benedict's Benevolent 
Society, tif which he is the presi- 
dent, having been connected with 
St. Benedict's Church since his 
arrival in this countrv. Mr. Gahr 
takes a deep interest in educational 
matters, and is an active member 
of the St. Benedict's Parochial 
School and the Twelth Ward Ger- 
man and I-jiglish School .Societies. 
Tlie story of Mr. (iahr's career 
in his trade reads somewhat like 
a fairy tale, .uul at the same tinu 
demonstrates what can be accomp- 
lished by attention to business, and 
the secret he claims to be honest), 
pluck and determination to win. 




JOHN MI-.DKK. 



/:-s.s7;.v coixrv. .v../.. illustrated. 



T 



the Sl.llCb iif 

|i;irti« ul.ir in llll^ riniiitr\ 



il 



THOMAS CRESSEY 

lll.Ki; I- h" i-MiiMtr\ 111 lilt: "■irlil ill w Im 1> ll't- 
iii..ir hIiiumI .mil lii^li il:i-'-> |iin(rsMoiis .iM- 

1 w.iriiiK '" '" 

IS. Ill 

111- |iiul. -.-H.ii lli.it li:is 

ilii'i iIk- l.isl uvfiily 

11 111 ilf^ij4niii.L; i.nri;' 

'"H -hiiusi'S. cli • 

<i- .111 cxcelli 111 

lii^ii i.iijtr 1/1' lalciil ill 

.11 liUicuir.- sn .ilily rcpreseiiUil 

luunMii^iii. Mr. ■riiunijis Cnssiy. 

, ,. ., ;,, ,,f >\ li.iiii 1^ iirrMiiiiil in the illus- 

IMtiiMls nil llli^ p.lK 

lie 1-, .1 \\iilcl\-kn.A\ I. ..h,i ( iiiiii, ill .111 hiu-i-l and 
sii|HTiiH'nil'!il, wliiiM- \Mll-f(|iri|)|iL(l cillicis and 
,lr., Ills ,iri- loialcil in tin- I'llulie liuild- 

Mij;. : sircil. ciirniT Mcchanir. lie was 

iM.rn in Maplcton, llnj^l.iiul. ami .iflcr liaviiii; 
rcci-ind an fXCrlU-nl rdiicalion. studied with siic- 
ci-ss. as an architeit. lU- lunimcincd llu- practice 
(if his profession in Newark more tli.in a quarter uf 
,1 centur) aj;o, and is recojjnizcd as one amiinj; tlie 
the ablest in this line. His plans are always accurate and cnm- 
plclc in cvcrv detail, aiul he has successfully solved the complex 
prulilcin of how to utilize the minimum of building area with 
the ma.ximum of .tccoinmodation anti architectural lieauty of 
design. Proofs of his skill and ability are embodied in the 
many extensive editkes erected under his direction and plans in 
New .irk and vicinity, which are gre.nly admired by experts. 
Here are some of them: The ICssex County National IJank, 
Sloutenhurgh \ Co.'s Clothing House. Wilkinson. Caddis I'v 
Co.'s Warehouse. I'olar Cold Storage Building. Kastwood Wire 
Works. Itelliville. N.J.. .\th,i Steel Works, and many others. 
He iii.ikcs a specialty of large l)uildings. factories, power 
houses, etc. Mr. Cressey is highly esteemed for his strict 
inlrgrity, and has alw.iys aimed to secure to owners the best 
results within the limits of estimates. He is an active member 
of ihr Kepublican Club, the Hoard of Trade, and is connecteil 
\Mili seseral other well-known organizations of this city. 




IIOMK lliU ,\L,l;|i UOMI-.N. ON Ml. I'l.KASA N I .Wl.NLl.. 



H. GALLOWAY TENEYCK. 



T' 



\ 




I ) I'OSSI-^SS a practical and thorough knowledge of one's 
jirofession is one of the most commendable features of a 
ni.ui's business life. The man who carefully classifies his work 
is sure to attract the attention of the leading men of business 
.and tinance. and bring to his support, commissions from the 
highest walks of life. .\ notable citizen in this connection, we 
are i)lease(l to mention the name of .Mr. II. Galloway Teneyck, 
.architect, located in the Firemen's Insurance Building, corner 
ISioad and Market streets, whose life-like photo is herewith 
presented. The elegant and well-ecpii|)pcd ollice and draught- 
ing rooms of liiis worthy representative of the architeclur.il 
profession, disclose al a glance the prominent features of his 
honored calling, and the numerous residences, stores and other 
structures erected in this city and its suburbs attest his skill 
and ability in the tr.ide he so ably represents. He is a 
thoroughly com petent 

draughtsman and gener.il ^ 

.irchitect of ample exper- 
ience and is. in a word, 
master of his art in all its 
branches. It would be 
useless to mention here 
the names of any p.artic- 
iil.ir buildings, as this en- 
terprising citizen is willing 
to forward a beautiful 
souvenir to the public for 
the asking. Mr. Teneyck 
is prepared to make plans 
for all classes of build- 
ings, furnishing designs, 
specilic.itions and esti- 
mates .It short notice and 
■.guarantees perfect satis- 
f.iction. I'articul.ir atten- 
tion is given to interior 
designing, under his pei- 
sonal supervision and 
direi lion. j, ,j,\| i,,j\vav i k.nkvck, aki iirrKCT. 




ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



233 



DIXON & RIPPEL. 

TIIKRE is. perhaps, no one interest in New- 
aik to-(l;i\' whicli has sliown such a 
liealthv and continued growth as the brush 
business. The manufacture of high grade 
Ijriishes constitutes a verv ini|x:irtant induslrv. 
Tlie establislmient of Dixon iS; RipptI is nol 
onK the most iirominenl, l)ut is also the oldest 
establislled in this city. In the year 1857 this 
house was founded by Mr. Edward Dixon, llu- 
.senior partner of the present firm. In 1 866 lie 
admitted Mr. \V. Dixon to parliiership. and the 
tirm became known as \i. & W. DiNon. In 
iSi^i the above firm dissolved and Mr. I-".d\\.ii"d 
Dixon continued the business under ihename 
of Newark City Brush Manufactory. A few 
months later Mr. Albert .\. Rippel was admitted 
to partnership, and the firm became known .rs 
I )ixon & Rippel. 

Mi.luKvaid Dixon, the fomider of the firm, 
is an old citi.(en of Newark. He is a practical 
brush maker and has been actively identified 
with the brush business in this city since 1S52. 
The old sign ( Newark Brush Factory 1 can still 
be seen on top of the factory building, at Nos. 
50 and 52 Market Street. 

Mr. Albert .\. Rippel. the junior partner, is a 
native of Newark, and has been actively identi- 
fied with the brush industry since 1880, having 
grown up in the business from boyhood. He 
represents what is called young blood in business, ;ind since 
his connection the firm has experienced a continued increase in 
business. He is one of the few men who are to-day called 
successfid salesmen. The high grade brushes manufactured 
by this linn are fast becoming celebrated for their superior 
conslnirlion. diuabilitv and practical wniking cprdities. .\lwavs 




lUXnN ,v Kll'l'tl.'s l:kl SH WliRKS, (dk.M'.k MARKKt AND P1,.\NF, STREET.S. 



using the best materials, and combining the highest mechanical 
skill with thorough experience, they feel confident in claiming 
io produce the best brushes in the market. This firm enjoys 
the distinction of carrying on a general brush manufacturing 
business. They are not confined to any one particular branch, 
but manuf.ictm-e pvervthing in the line. 





EUWAKD Ul.XON. 



.M.ntKT A. UllM'KI.. 



ESSHX COLWTY, A. J., ILLVSTRMl-D. 



O" 






F. W. MUNN. 
' ^1 iiniippcil ami roiiumidiinis livery arnl 
^ stables lo be f.niiul in tlie rily of Newark is. 

. 1 \\; M '.,. ,1,.' ,,.i r't. v'liiit .uul Oliver 

. Ivania Kail- 

(ii larijcr, better 

ibhshments than 

. liv ■'! New Jersey. When 

'. iiose unacquainted with the 

i'V eiiler|irisinj; men in this noted 

wark maintains nearly one hun- 

utions where horses and vehicles 

liiie. ii,c> woidd be startled by its magni- 

r.isure in railing the attention of the public 

.i.i'.iTNliineni conducted by our well-known fellow-unvns- 

■ I \\ M'Hin. whiih has been so skillfully transferred 



always certain to be found in this establishment, and that is 
polite attention. An application made for a rig in which to 
ride, be it for one of his swift steppers or high lookers, or 
one of the patient, safe and steady plodding dobbins — for 
he keeps every variety— and turnouts of elegance or comfort, 
common or for a saddle horse to take a gallop on, is always 
met in a business Way. and the want supplied as though every- 
body was in a hurrv. Elegance, care, cleanliness and dispatch 
are the leading words in Mr. Munn's business dictionary. That 
Newark is fortunate in the class of men who are engaged in 
the livery business is a fact that goes without the saying, and 
V. W. Munn. who is the sole proprietor of the business, is only 
a representative of this large class of business men engaged in 
letting horses and carriages in the city of Newark. From very 
modest beginnings the business of this concern has grown to 
its present immense proportions under the fostering of this man 



li / TWMUNiNr^ 

jl 1 BO A R DING. H° LIVERY STABJ-F.'^ 

m. BOARDING & LIVERY STA°i >" ' ' " 

F.W.MUNN. 
76 




'«f 







jj^imrnftKimr™ 




I. W. MfNN .S (.All AND Cnll'1', I'M !•< il<| I M, ON CHKSlNtJT STRKICI'. 



I>v our artist to this p.igc of l>sKX Cot'NIV, N. J., ll.l.US- 

IHATH). The Mables front on Chestnut Street and run 

I Street, anil within these capacious .ind 

!• crin)forl;ibly si.ilileil the more than sixty 

'•ry purposes. Among 

■s lo h.iul the iligant 

I rid landaus, an immense ntiinber 

.inci p.iiicrns sullitieni to satisly 

lus <pr exacting among the ihous- 

is patrons. Not an umniporlant 

fi'iin the great dcm.ind m.ide on 

iiig i>n slinri notice, coaches 

'igs. Tlic former are alwnvs 

tide the dri\er who rides in the 

Ins who is not alu.iy.s polite 

lion of duly. I iiie thing is 



of pluck and vim. and he can trace his success lo the original 
motto, "determined to jilease," which has been carried out to 
the letter, not only by himself, but by all his employees. A 
visit to the stables is well worth the making by the lovers of 
the horse antl the admirers of the stylish in harness, saddh 
carriages or sleighs, stylish and elegant representatives of eith' 
and all being found in the stables and repositories for vehicli 
and boudoirs and closets for the harness, robes, blankei 
brooms, dusters and the lly nettings, a variety of which ;ii 
kept constantly on hand, for use when necessity or emergencx 
calls orefliciency demands. Mr. Munn always delights to show 
those around "he establishment, in which he takes a personal 
interest and pride, who are in pursuit of pleasure or informa- 
tion as lo where is ihe proper place to procure, at a moderate 
price, just such a turnout as they would like when they wish to 
ride or drive through the city or its suburbs. 



ESSEX CO['XrV, X. J., ILLrSTRATED 



235 



Every year the establishment sends out a neat circular, notify- 
ing the people as far as possible of the greatly increased facili- 
ties he has made, in order to please and gratify his old customers 
and point to others whom he is ready and willing to please. 
Mr. Munn is one of those men who believe in having a good 
thing — the very best the markets afford, and (jut into exercise 
the full measure of his push and vim to furnish everybody 
with "a good horse and carriage for a very little money." 

There is little doubt of this being one of the most thoroughly 
etjuipped livery stables in the city of Newark. Besides the 
paraphernalia proper, he has his own blacksmith, wheelwright 
and harness makers' shops with skilled mechanics to operate 
them, all of which a wide-awake, thinking public appreciate. 
He makes a specialty of furnishing horses and wagons separate 
or together by the dav, week or month. Also two and four 
horse stages for pleasure parties and immense vans for moving 
merchandise or furniture. Mr. Munn is a well-known business 
man with a thorough knowledge of the livery industry which 
he so ably represents. He is a veteran of the war for the 
Union and a member of Lincoln Post, No. i i, G. A. K., of this 
city. A first-class photo of him is herewith given in the illus- 
trations, with that of his elegant new residence, and they speak 
for him louder than anything we could saw 



I 



WILLIAM J. KEARNS. 

COL'NSELLOR William J. Kearns, whose photo is presented 
on page 125 of this work, was a meinber of the legisla- 
ture during the year 1893. In the legislative manual of that 
year the following facts are given concerning him : " Mr. 
Kearns was born in Newark, N. J., August 12, 1864, and is a 
lawyer by profession. He was educated in St. Patrick's Paro- 
chial school and St. Benedict's College, Newark, and also in the 
University of the City of New York, where he received the 
degree of L. L. 15., on May 26, 1892. He was admitted as an 
attorney-at-law at the June term of the Supreme Court, in 
1887, and as a counsellor-at-law at the February term, in 1892. 
He was made Master in Chancery, February 14, 188S." 

Counsellor Kearns, whose offices are located in the Globe 
Building, corner Broad and Mechanic Streets, commenced his 
professional career by opening an office as a law stenographer 
in Newark, his native place, in January, 1S83, at the age of nine- 
teen. At 
that time 
he had al- 
ready ai- 
(|uired the 
r e [) u t a - 
t i o n of 
being one 
of the 
most ex- 
pert court 
reporters 
in this 
State. He 
practiced 
his p r o - 
fessionfor 
several 
years, at 
the same 
time con- 
tin 11 i n g 
the legal 
F. w, MUNN. studies he 





RKSIDI-.NCF. Ill'- V. \V. MtJNN, <1X tHESTNlTT SIRKKI'. 

had already begun. During this period in his career he frc- 
(|uently filled the place of the official stenographer of Vice- 
Chancellor Bird's court, generally accompanying the Vicc- 
Chancellor on his circuit into Warren, Morris Sussex, Hunterdon 
and Somerset Counties. After his admission to the Bar in 
June, 1887, as stated above, he abandoned his stenographic 
practice and has since been devoting himself exclusively to the 
practice of the law, at which, for a young man, he has achieved 
a large measure of success. At the April term, 1890, of the 
Essex Court of Oyer and Terminer, he was assigned by Justice 
Depue to defend James Smilh, who w'as indicted for the murder 
of Hastings. This murder trial attracted considerable public 
attention at the time, because of the novelty of the defense — 
an insane delusion of persecutions — which Mr. Kearns ingeni- 
ously prepared, and which, together with the able assistance of 
Mr. Samuel Kalisch, whom he asked to have assigned as his 
associate counsel, succeeded in saving Smith from the gallows. 

Latterly. Counsellor Kearns has been giving more especial 
attention to the civil branch of his profession. In the legisla- 
ture of 1893 he served as chairman of the House Committee 
on State Industrial School for Girls; he was also a member of 
the Committee on Federal Relations, and one of the committee 
on the Judiciary. On the Judiciary Committee he earned the 
reputation of being one of its most useful and hard-working 
members. He was also the Secretary of the Essex Democratic 
Assembly Caucus, for in politics he is a staunch Democrat. It 
was this caucus which determined to make the Hon. James 
Smith, Jr., a candidate for United States Senator, and it was 
Mr. Kearns who, as Secretary of the caucus, made public 
announcement of the action of the Essex lawmakers at their 
memorable meeting on the night of December 5, 1892. 

In the November elections, 1892, in the Se\enlh Assembly 
District, Mr. Kearns defeated the popular Ex-Freeholder Huegel, 
who was then considered invincible, by a majority of 239 votes, 
but was defeated in 1893 by Dr, Edwards by 24 votes. 



-.>'■ 



/.S.sV-.V CorXTV. X.J; JLLVSTRATED 

F ENGELHORN &. SON. 




O' 



III III I HSCHEK. 



,M; nl llic iii:iny wcll-kiunvn 
uiiilcrlak'mn limises doin^' 
Ipusiiics^ ill lliis fil\ is ih.it of I". 
I'.iijjclhiirn & Son. 'Ilu- house was 
rslalilislieil sonic lliirty-five years 
.1-0 l)y Joliii i;iigflluiin. anil 
since his ilealh in 1S93. llu- busi- 
ntss has l)ci-n cotuimied by Mrs. V. 
rnj^fllmrn and htr son. Mr. Olio 
iM-her. The ware-rooms and 
Mice arc Imalcd al 16 Hainbim,' 
I'lare. an<l an- neatly tilteil ii|> wilh 
.M-rylhiiifj lonnccled in the luiieral 
luinisliing line. Mr. Fisclier was 
l.orn in this cilv. being educated in 
lilt- pubhc schools of Newark, and 
-laduated from the Massaclnisells 
Si hool of I-'.nibalmiiig. He is a 
practical expert in embalming ami 
has a thorough knowledge of ever) 
detail connected wilh the duties of 
a funeral director, from the moment 
of death to the last sad riles at the 




w , lit , I I \i \ \ . 



grave. Mr, Fischer is a worth\ represenlaiive of the profession 
in wliich he is engaged, and is noted for his courteous and 
liher.d dealings wilh all who have business transactions with 
liiiii. .\ photo of Ml. Fischer is presented on ihis page. 

C. W. HEILMAN. 

FKKF.IIol.DKK C. W . Hcilman, of the Third Ward, 
Ne^v.irk. was born in Cierniany. near the Khine, in tSjy. 
\\ hen ten years of age he came to this country and learned the 
trade of loolmaker and m.ichinisl. At present he is proprietor 
of an undertaker's establishment at 39 West Street, Newark, 
lie IS president of the Honorary .Singing Society, and is a 
member of the Mo/,irl .Singing .Society, the Odd Fellows, 
Chosen F-'rieiuJs and .\. O. f. W. Me is also Director of the 
I hird Waril Building and Loan .\ssocialioii. Mr. Ileilman, 
,1 photo of whom is displaved here, is an active Republican, and 
has been tre.isurer of the Third Ward Republicm I".xecutive 



Committee for six years. He is also a member of the Third 
W.ird Republican .and the L'. S. diant Clubs, aiul is also Chair- 
man of the Coniniittee on Public IJuildings, of the Hoard of 
Chosen I'Veeholdeis, a member of the committees on Finance 
and Lunacy an<l is identified with the West I-^nd Land Improve- 
ment .Association. 



G. L. ERB. 



W 

of the 






take pleasure in mentioning, on these pages, the name 
of one of the many men who are worthy representatives 
funeral directors of this city. Mr. ('■. L. I^rb, a truthful 
photo of whom is herewith produced. The oHice. ware-rooms 
an<l morgue are located at 22 William .Street, and are admir- 
ably e(|uipped with everything in the line of a first-class fum-ral 
furnishing plant. The business was established in 1S49. by 
A. 1.. Krb, who ditd in 18S3, and was conlinuet! by his widow 
V.\:\ M. Erb, with V<. L. Frb as manager, until 1890. Since 

then the undertaking branch, which is one of the best eipiipped in the city, has 

been conilucted by the former 

manager, Mr. (".. I-. F.rb. and the 

livery business is carried on jointly 

l>v Frb and Ileilman. Mr. Erb has 

_;iown up with the business, and 

IS endowc<l with all the traits of 

character for the successful cairj- 

ing on of this peculiar calling. He 

devotes his personal attention to 

rmbalming. of which lie has m.ide 

a special slurly. He lakes the en- 
lire charge of funerals, furnishing 

iveruhing desired, on the most 

iiasonable terms. Calls arc ;il- 

tindeil to al .'ill hours of the day 
iiid night. Mr. ICib is a native of 

I irvel.ind, Ohio, .mil possesses a 

I oiirlrons and gentlemanly dispo- 

^iiiiin, ipi.ililirations that are abso- 
lutely necessary in discharging 

the last sad rile in the burial of the 

'•' • B. II. WOODRUFF, OECEAbKU. 




ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., TLLFSTRATED. 



237 



W. & J. MULLIN. 

TI1I--1\1''. arr few men enL;ai;ecl in tlic fnntral fnrniNliinj; cjr 
undertaking profession tiuU are possessed of llie various 
liubiness (|ualities enjoyed bv Messrs. William and Jose])li 
Mullin, managers of the estate of Peter Mullin. The house 
was established in 1870. and since the tragic death of the 
founder, which occurred in 1S91, the business lias been ablv 
conducted by his sons, both of whom are graduates of the New 
\'orl< College ami the Cincinnati School of F.mbalniing. The 
ware-nionrs and morgue, which is iUustr.itcil on this page, are 
located at 91 l.afavelle Slrei-t. and arc thoroughly supplied 
Willi everything in the line of funeral fin iiishing goods. 

Messrs. \V. and J. Mullin. the managers, devote iheir peisonal 
.ittention to the business of their honored father, and are 
noted for their courteous and oldiging ti r,iliiniil low.irds the 
berea\ed families of those who intrust lluiii willi the l.ivl 
s.id rites o| decently interring their sacred dead. The house 
is one of the most honorable and trustworthy to be found in 
the business. Calls are promptly attended to at all hours of 
the day and night, .•iiul on the most re.ison.ible terms. 

AUGUST BERNAUER, 

IN' reviewing the \aiious industries that arc represented in 
iliis city, it is diliicult to select a calling that .•Utracts a 
.1 more able set of men than the profession of an undertaker or 
funeral director. Newark has iii.m\ hononible citi/ens who 
li.avc chosen this business, and among iheni we lake pleasure 
in mentioning the name of Afr. August Bcniauer, undertaker, 
whose ware-rooms and morgue arelocited at 55 Barbara, corner 
Niagara Streets. Mr. liernauer first beheld the light of day in 
this city in September, 1854, and was educated in the schools 
of Newark. He has been connected with the undertaking 
business for fourteen \ears. during which time he has ofhciated 
at the funerals of many well-known citizens, and always repre- 
sented the dignified profession of the honorable funeral director. 
He is prepared to assuine entire charge of obsecpiies, 
secure burial plots in any cemetery, and supply hearses and 
coaches in any reciiiircd number, and his services can he 
obtained at all hours of the dav and night on the most leasoii- 
,ible terms. Mr. ]]eriiauer, a |)hoto of whom is displayed on 
this |)age, h.is drmonstrated his ability in the profession of 




Mill. I. INS UN1)KI;TAK1XG E.STAIUJSIl \I KNf, 
ON I.AF.VYl'VrTK STl-tHKC. 

uiidcil.iker, and is res|)ecled by those who know him for his 
courtesy and sterling iiilegril\. He is associated with many 
fraternal, benevolent .iiid chariiable societies and has been 
treasurer of .St. I.eon.iid's Council, C, B. 1... since its organiza- 
tion. 



A 




AUGUST BERNAUEK. 



J. P. DOWLING & SON. 

"l I )L'.\Ci, enlcipiising and honorable representative among" 
the funer.il directors of this city worthy of mention on 
these pages is Mr. lanu-s I'. Dow ling, who conducts business in 
the untlertaking line, under the 
name of J, lines P. Dowling & 
.Son. The oli'ice and ware-rooms 
.ire located at 40 llowery Street. 
The house was foundetl in 18S1, 
by the honored father of the 
present proprietor, who died in 
1 893. Since then he success- 
fully continued it. Mr. Dowling 
seems to be endowed wilh those 
(|ualifications necessar\ to carry 
on his profession. Heis.iNcw- 
.irkcr bv birth and education and 
under his father's care learned 
his prolession. .Mr. Dowling is 
prepared to take entire charge 
of funerals, and furnish every- 
thing recjuired. He makes a 
specialty of embalming on the 
most scientific methods. He is 
well-known in the eastern sec- 
tion of the city, and is esteemed 
by everyone. 




JA.MES 1>. DOWI.l.NG. 



/rss/r.v avxTV. x. j.. tllfstrated. 



C C. MURRAY. 

Fl-W ' i.iij; tlic inanv be.TU- 

,.. ,!ic illiislr.itioiis in 

, (if ^i-iii-i. SllCA'. 
,^li unlcr III plii'ii'- 
^klll mailc manifest in rvfi> 
;rs , ..,.,i iiicliirc. tlian this, wlicrc llic 
li.inic .iiiil business plant of Mr. t C. 
Murray l>as lii-tii Iransfcrrcd to this 
pa^e of K>SK\ C<itNr\. N. J.. 1 1 11-- 
rcvlH). Il is .1 f.i. I lliat -ofs uilh- 
, • •!,,• -..■.;v.-. ih.il till- pliHlojjraplifd 
cil)laincil lliroiigli (lie 

r _ ■; ihc relentless ami close- 

n'cniii; . .inieia. nuiM l)C "i tlie most 
i.olil in uulline anil searchini; 
• Icr. before it is l"it for the 
hand of ilic artist who transfers it to 
ihe plalc. so that no i|uestion as to it-, 
merits shall ever arise. In the first 
place, unless its every line is r.iised in 
I learncss no good residts can he ol>- 
t.iii\eil in its transferrcnce. It is evidenl. 
a> will be seen at a glance, and all 
will lie sustained after the closest and 
most critical study of the result as seen 
Ml the picture under conslderalion, of 
Mr. Murray's eleijant residence and 
iiiiderlakin^; business plant, all com- 
bined under one head, as spread before the reader on this pa<;e. 
Not alone have the artists, one and .ill, excelled in each of 
their individual departments or lines in produiing such an 
allraclivc and truthful dchneative picture, but they have given 
the reader a chance to study the manner of man Mr. Murrav is. 
as his f.ice speaks out from its retiring place on this page. Any 
one who has had the pleasure of seeing Mr. .Murray and tran- 
sacting business with him, will sec at a glance that the picture 
represents him admirably, and gives a starling point to that 
marvelous success which has marked his career as a business 
in.in and gave him such a sl.iixling among the funeral directors 
of r.ssex Countv. rrnm every mark seen around his face and 

lioad speaks 
■ ut those char- 
acteristics so 
n ecessary to 
the successful 
business man, 
giving proof of 
his possessing 
the elements of 
character that 
have led up to 
the happy re- 
sults which we 
shall endeavor 
tfi so depid in 
the few wiirds 
lollowing, that 
he who runs 
iii.iy re.'id,' 
Ihat Ml. Mur- 
I a y h ad n o 
special training 
for the work in 
w h i c h he is 





r.MUF.RTAKlNG WAREROOMS OF C. C. Ml-RRAY, COR. WAKRKN ANH HIliSdN STRKKTS. 



engaged, is known to everybody who has the pleasure of his 
ac<|uaintance. and there are a great many of them, and he has 
as wide a friendship and as close an association with those 
whom he loves to meet antl their society enjoy in his own pecu- 
liar way, as anv other business man of his age. Any one who has 
the least smattering of jjhrenological science, or has tried his 
hand at studving character from the facial standpoint, would see 
at once, as thev scanned his wide-open countenance standing out 
in the illustration plain and clear, that his i>redoniinating char- 
acteristics are benevolence and cautious kindness of heart, and 
perseverance, the latter ever ready to come in to assist in over- 
coming dilliculties, while the others give him first, a hopeful 
spirit and a sympathizing nature, and second, an unselfish but 
careful way. 

Seventeen years ago, in the year 1880, Mr. Murray began busi- 
ness at No. 14 Hunterdon Street. From thence, in i88r, he 
removed to No. 295 Warren Street, where he remained until 
the completion of the elegant new building which he had 
erected on the plot of ground at the corner of Warren and 
Hudson Streets, into which, after furnishing it modestly and 
becomingly, he removed in 1S92. To its ])rfsent proportions 
h.is the undertaking business grown in Mr. Murray's hands 
fiom very modest lieginnings. 

In looking about for the causes which are to be held respon- 
sible for the happy results which have followed thick and fast 
on his successful career in the undertaking business, it will 
easily be seen in the character of the surroundings of every- 
thing in his neat and attractive place, which has little, indeed, 
of the sombre character usually attendant upon undertakers' 
concerns, but principally in the honorable character of the man 
himself, always ready at call to serve the rich and poor alike, 
with a ready tact a pleasing way and soothing manner, he ever 
attracts and seldom repels. With such a combination, which 
always leads up to integrity in business, we have an easy solu- 
tion of the question of the gratifying success which it is always 
a pleasure to record. 



ESSEX COUXTY, X. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



239 



JOSHUA BRIERLEY. 

T}1ERE is an old saying tliat "a new broom 
sweeps clean." The assertion does not 
always hold good unless it penetrates into the 
glades of life far enough to ascertain of what kind 
of stuff the broom is made up with, and onlv after 
frequent trials can we find out whether or not its 
qualities are durable. It is with feelings of this 
kind that we take under consideration the gentle- 
man who is the subject of this sketch, Mr. Joshua 
Brierley, one of the most reliable and courteous 
funeral directors of Essex County. Mr. Brierlev 
was born in England, coming to this country in 
1882, and has successfully conducted the under- 
taking business in this city and its suburlis for the 
past fifteen years, during which time he has won 
great favor from the public by his courteous and 
sterling business qualities, and established one of 
the finest and most complete undertaking estab- 
lishments of be found in the Citv of Newark or 
State of New Jersey. 

He thoroughly understands his jirofession, hav- 
ing graduated from Clark's School of Embalming, 
and is a practical expert in this particular branch of 
the business. He makes a specialty of embalming in accord- 
ance with the latest and most approved scientific methods, and 
his services are in constant demand on account of his skdl and 
ability in satisfactorily performing these operations. Mr. 
Brierley's office and vvarerooms are located at No. 374 Broad 
street, and are admirably fitted up and equipped with every- 
thing appertaining to a first-class funeral furnishing undertaking 
establishment. He is prepared to take full charge of remains, 
procure burial plots or graves in any cemetery, furnish hearses 
and coaches, tlowers, etc., at all liours of the day or niglit, and 
on the most liberal terms. .Ml details receive his person.il 
attention and everything intiusted to him is attended to with 
promptness. His dignified and sympathetic hearing in bereaved 
homes have modified and alleviated the sorrowful situation 
attendant upon the burial of their dead. 

In connection with his undertaking business, Mr. Brierlev 
conducts a large and comino(iii}Us livery and boarding stable, 

ocated corner 
High and Clay 
streets. A large 
number of fine 
horses, a?ul a 
great variety of 
coaches, car- 
riages, light 
wagons, sleighs, 
etc., are con- 
stantly on hand 
for the use of 
the public, on 
the most reason- 
able terms. Safe 
and courteous 
drivers are fur- 
nished when- 
ever desired. 
Some of the fin- 
est turnouts to 
be seen on the 
jusnoA BuiEKLiiv, FLNEK.M. DiuECTOK. strects and ,ne- 





josm A |;RIKR1,IA S SI.Ani.Es, CnR. HIGH ANIl CLAV STREKI'.S. 



nues of this city and its suliurbs come from this neatly- 
arranged and orderly establishment. The illustrations on this 
page represent the well-equipped and commodious livery 
plant, and a life-like photo of Mr. Brierley, who is looked upon 
as one of the most successful undertakers and liverymen of tlie 
city, and is noted as one of the most scientific embalmers in 
Essex County. His reputation has steadily grown upon the 
rules of professional integrity laid down when commencing his 
busniess career in 1S82. whenhe first began to carve his way 
through business rivalry, and his reward lies in a bright past 
record and hopeful future. 

Mr. Brierley is highly esteemed by all with whoin he conies 
in contact in business or social relations, and is connected with 
several of Newark's well-known societies, being aji .active 
member of the Golden Star Fraternity, the K. of P.. and the 
1. O. O. F. He is one of those large-hearted men who asso- 
ciate with their fellows more on account of the benefits which 
thev can confer, rather than those, like too many, whose selfish- 
ness and greed send them Hying to the lodge-room in order to 
secure the full modicum of benefits which are supjiosed to 
accrue, and which all, too often, find the way into unworthy 
pockets. Here, in passing, we might indite the fact that the 
number of good Samaritans, even when boimd by the mystic 
tie, are all too few when the clarion call of relief for the sick, 
the wounded and distressed of their fellows is sounde<l. We 
feel entirely safe in the assertion that at least two pass by on 
the other side while one stops to pour oil into the wounds 
which gap anti fester before the greedy. Much of the neglect 
of duty may grow out of a lack of thoughtfuhiess. but herein 
lies a bane just as much in need of cure as the great primary 
wrong of utter selfishness. 

There is no better jilaceto gi\e exercise to the virtues learned 
in tile lodge-room th.m where death has entered the familv and 
broken the tics which bind the household. 'Tis here that such 
men as Joshua Brierley have found the field where temperance, 
fortitude, prudence and justice can have full play — the virtues, 
when combined, bring solace to the afflicted and hope to the 
bereaved, and help to dis|)el the shadows which conceal for a 
time the bright sides of life. The life, character, prosperity and 
business standing of Mr. Brierley is highly commended by all. 



L'lit 



ESSEX COrXTV. X.J., ILLUSTRATED. 



OLD FASHIONED BREWERY. 

Ttil Ml,! K.ishi.iiu'd Urc\viT\.":is il is ;ii>|iiiii)ii- 
.illeil l)V all who have visiti-i| ii. is 
, . ,v.i ii ihc soullieast ri>rnfr ul Soiiih Orange 
.111(1 Morris .Vvriuies. Newark. N. J. The present 
|vro|ir: cnlirelv reiMu.iIed ihe ])laiil and 

ii.ne 1! the lalest improved in.ichiiiti y for 

hri wiiij; and botlling pinposes. The saloon. |>ark 
and halls arc ihe only place of their kind in the eil\. 
r.\rrvl)od\ who has seen the place pronounces it a 

spot, and those who have \ isiled ("■erinan). 

to a miniature of the famous Krolls C.arden. 
.It lieriin. The lieautiful Itower beds, fountain, 
ai.irlile top tables, lalest improved garden chairs, 
h.uidsoinely decorated pavilions, shady trees, with 
electric f.uis underneath, make it a cool and pleasant 
pl.ice to spend a social hour, for fapiiliis as well 
as clubs or societies, where lunches lit for epicures, 
and llie now famous Old Kashioned and .\luen- 
1 heller Titers can lie had. 

.\ visit to this place creates a desire to call again. 



ing Societies. ()rchestras. Clubs and liuiUling anil 

Loan .Associatii'iis. who make this well-kept and 

orderiN place their head(|uarters. It can be reached 

in live ininules from the corner of I'.road a:.d Market .Streets. 

\i.i South I Irange .XM-nue electric cats, which |)ass the door 

exer)' ihrei- minul<s. 

The boiiling establishment at the brewery, being the only 
place where the ( )ld Fashioned and Muenchciier iSeers are 
bottled, is inidei the personal supervision of the proprietors, 
gie.il rare being taken as to cleanliness and proper handling. 
We feel proud (o s.iy that lliey have iii.iny prominent pinsicians 
as regular customers, not only in this city but through the 
( >r.inges .iiul Klizabeth. The linn were compelled lo establish 
.igcncics to supply the dem.ind in those vicinities. Thev 
will fiirnisli iheir celebr.ite<l Old I'ashioned, at Sl.oo per case, 
.ind Muiiuhener idarki at S1.25 per case. Delivered free of 
charge to any pari of Newark, I'.li/.ibeth or the Oranges. 
Orders by li'lephonc. No. 1070, will iiieive their personal and 
pionipt alleiitioii. 

ihey could enjoy a 
real Old Kashione( 
pressed h.ne some 
with the necessilv 





I ASHIONKI) nUEWKKV, CORNKR SOUTH OR.VNGK A.\I) 
.MOKRIS AVF.NIES. 



We espccialK call the .illention of the public to their celebrated 
.\hn-iichener T.eer. The purity of this beer they guarantee, its 
age ,it six iiioiUhs. ami that as a table drink it is of the highest 
]iossible concentration, and at the same time the lowest pos- 
sible degree of alcohol. It is a so-called malt extract which 
will help convalescents and weakened persoiLs to renewed vigor. 
T.iken as a table drink il will sharpen the appetite and (piicken 
digestion, .ind as a beverage for the festive circle, il is of a 
delightfullv exhilarating effect. The best Bohemian hops and 
specially prepared mall is used, making it pure and healthful 
to use. 

It is a pleasure, indeed, to place upon record the fact that 
men who are good judges of beer and wh<i undersland the rich 
(|ualiliesof the Old Fashioned lager beer, as produced by these 
thoroughly conipeteni brewers, have often gone miles out of 
their way on a hot summer evening, to reach the place where 
draught of the 
1 lager. So im- 
people become 
of adulleralion. 



r" 



in order to make money r.ipidly, we 
legrcl lo say ih.it efforts have been 
m.ide to palm off spuiious articles 
lor the geiuiine brand, but so far as 
ue have been able to learn all such 
have f.iiled disastrously, and our 
Old l-"ashioneil stands Irimnphant 
in its line of punl\. since that 
sci<nce which is leipiirrd to pro- 
( uir siiih results as must accrue 
in the prodiiclion of the genuine 
iilicle ,ire, as a rule, not found in 
the possession of such ,is resort to 
li.uid to ovrrieach a rival. 

I lie illustrations dispkiM-d on this 
p.igr re|>iisenl the well-eipiipped 
pi. lilt, where tin- Olil i'ashioned 
l.ager lieer is brewed, ,iiid the life- 
like photos of the enlerpiisiiit; men 
who 1 oiiihicl It, 




CIIARI.Eb IIAU.MASN. 



ESSEX COUNTY, X. /., ILLUSTRATED. 



241 



JOSEPH HARBURGER 

THE subject of tliis sketch is a gentleman 
well and favorably known to the citizens 
of every section of the city. Mr. Joseph Har- 
burger, the courteous and able manager of 
Harburger's Hall, an illustration of which is 
presented on this page, was born in the city of 
Mainz, German, in 1854. He was educated in 
the schools of his native land and was, in early 
life, trained in the culture of grapes and the 
production of wine, which was one of the prin- 
cipal industrial occupations of the people of his 
native country. Coming to America in iS/r, 
he entered the employ of U. Dreyfus & Co.. 
wine merchants, of New York City, and con- 
tinued with the firm for a period of seven years. 
when he entered into business on his own 
account, opening what is known as the Jersey 
House, on Cortlandt Street, New York Citv. 
which he successfully carried on for ten years. 
During the past seven years Mr. Harburger 
has conducted the well-known place of amuse- 
ment located at Nos. So and 82 Hamburg Place, 
and deserves credit for the able and courteous 
treatment rendered to the patrons of this popu- 
lar resort, upon all occasions. Harburger's Hall is one of the 
most popular amusement places situated in the Iron Hound 
District, and is largely patronized by the numerous religious, 
patriotic, educational, industrial, fraternal, musical, social, 
benevolent and political associations that flourish in the eastern 
part of the city. Attached to the hall is a large and well-ke|n 
garden capable of accommodating over five hundred people. 
The grounds are neatly laid out with shade trees, shrubbery, 
flowers, etc., planted in profusion. The hall is heated through- 
out by steam and lighted well, and has every convenience 
tending to accommodate the public. The genial proprietor 
is courtesy itself. He embodies in one man. traits that are 
rarely found together; common sense and sterling business 
tact, and united with these, the hightest order of personal 
accomplishments. He is one of the finest caterers in the city, 
and is widely noted in this line. 





PUOK rM.^N S HALL, KEKKV -AND I'KOSl'EL'f S1REE1> 



IIAR1;URi;EK S HALL. (IN HA.Ml'.UKU PLACE. 

ADOLPH POORTMAN, 

IN the illustrations presented on this page will be found a 
view which takes in the southeast corner of Ferry and 
Prospect Streets, showi?ig Poortman's Hall, which is much used 
by many well-known organizations for a meeting place. The 
building is of brick, and is a substantial structure, lately erected, 
in a style of architecture very attractive for that section of 
the city. The proprietor of the hall, Mr. Adolph Poortiuan, 
was born in Zevenaar, Holland, November, 1845, receiving his 
early education in the schools of his native village, and by trade 
is an engraver, having followed the occupation for many years. 
Coming to this country in 1S80, he found employment at his 
trade, and after a few years he started in business for himself on 
Elm Street, in the Tenth Ward, where he kept a hall known as 
Democratic Headquarters, and removed from there to his 
present elegant location. In catering to the retined and delicate 
palates of the section of the city where he is 
located, he has built up and established a 
flourishing business. Mr. Poortman is one of 
the representative men of this calling. He 
carries continuously a general line of high-class 
wines and liquors, some of the better qualities 
of his stock being fit articles with which to grace 
the table of a cultured epicure. He is an expert 
and seldom goes astray when called upon for 
a decision as to the qualities of wines. His 
numerous patrons are enthusiastic in support of 
this fact, and place implicit faith in his judg- 
ment in this respect. 

Mr. Poortman, a photo of whom is shown on 
the following page, is experienced in catering, 
and is noted for the orderly manner in which 
he conducts the business which he represents. 
He is i)ublic spirited and generous, and has ever 
been identified with the progress of ihe district 
in which he resides. Mr. Poortman is a mem- 
ber of all nearly the associations that abound in 
the eastern section of the city. His establishment 
has a wide patronage which has been drawn 
there through the customers' respect for him. 



I-SSEX CorXTV. -V. ./.. ILIJSTRATED. 



JOHN : ■■ RY, 

: r.TECTIVE. 

Till. Mibjcil 'i( lliis sUotcli 
u.is horn :it New Hiuns- 
wick. N. .1.. in 1S45. Wlun llic 
l.iU' war lirokc out lie joined 
IJK- 2tilli N. J- \'iiliinleers, for 
nine iiicr.'.hs, reiii.iinin',^ until 
tilt- expiration of liis time. Me 
tiu-n enlisted in the I'. S. Navy, 
.ind served until the close of 
the war. He then learned the 
trade of mason and builder 
which he followed for nine years, 
hen he received the ap|)oint- 
Mient as Assistant Street Com- 
missioner, serving; two years, 
lie was next a|)pointC(l as super- 
intendent of the X. N'. ("dobe 
Gas I.i.ivht Co., of New Bruns- 
wick, X. J. He was ne.xt 
appointed as a night sergeant of 
- , „ , , r. , tlie police force, and from there 

was tendered a position ;is de- 
leilive of the TennNUvania Kailro.id Company, serving them 
ten years. While with the company he made several very im- 
portant arrests, one of which was for embezzling Si 2.000 of the 
conipany's money, the greater part of which he succeeded in 
getting back. Me resigned from the company's employ in rSSg. 
with lellers of high commendation. He then started in busi- 
ness for himself, opening a brani h olVice in this city of the 
N. I. .Si, lie l)electi\e .Agencv. h.i\ing an olTice at 18S Market 
.Sireci. He w.is chief of the N. J. Stale Detective Agency for 
three consecutive \ears, and is now general manager of a 
branch olhce in this cily. 

His .'issocintion is the onl\ legallv incm poraled delccti\c 
agency in the Slate of New Jersey. It w.is org.inized Decendier 
23. 187a. and ch.irtercd April 4. 1S71. The original organizers 
were Jacob Wambold. at present a lieulennant of the police 
rl< parlnicnl of ihecily ; lalw.ird Mc William. e)i-chief of police ; 
Michael Killouley, Jnhii .M. Morris, Cli.is. W. Mahon, William 
n'lJrien .mil Cornelius C. M.ulind.ile. 'Ihis organization has 





ADOI.IMl POOKTMAN. 



amongst its members some of the cleverest and sharpest 
detectives in the U. S. Mr. Gregory, a photo of whom appears 
on this page, has been a member of the association for several 
ye.irs. He w, is not long located in Newark when the great 
strike of the Clark's Thread Co., in 1891, took place, and which 
he brought to .1 ])eaceful issue. In the fall of 1893. the great 
strike on the Lehigh \'alley Railroad took place, which was 
|)laced in his haiids ;ind which he handled and saved the com- 
panv thousands of doll.irs, which was highly appreciated by the 
company. He also does work for the large lire insurance com- 
panys of N. V. and X. J. At present he has a large force of 
skilled detectives and is doing a large business in private woik. 
Mr. Gregory owns his hon)eat78 Murray Street. 



WM. F. VAN HOUTEN. 
1. V . \'.in 1 loulin. .1 photo of whom appears on this page, 
W.IS born in the city of New N'ork, 1839, coming to 
\eu.irk with his p.iienis in 1844. where he has since made his 



W^' 



'y 






home. He al tended the public 
schools until he was ten years 
old an<i then went to sea as 
cabin boy with his father on a 
coasting vessel, continuing his 
studies when nol engaged .it 
his duties, and going to school 
in the winter months. When 
he was fiflcen years old. his 
f.ither died, and he then went to 
-.ea with strangers. He entered 
the navy in 1855 as lirsl-class 
.ipprenlice boy and served three 
years ;ind one-h.ilf mi the V . .S. 
ship San Jacinto in the ll.isl 
Indi.i .Mill China .Seas under 
Commodore Armstrong, who 
completed I'eriy's Irealy with 
J.ip.iii. He assisted lo erect the 
lirsl llagslalf .ind hoist I he lirst 
.\nieri(.in ll.ig ih.it ever waved 
on shori . in the town of .S.ini- 
i.id.i. where lliey left Cunsul- 




UM.I.I.VM 1. VAN uouri-.N. 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. /., ILLUSTRATED. 



24i 




JOHN A. KOI)K1GO_ 



arrived at Harrison's Landing. From there lie was sent home. 
When again able for duty he entered the navy, and was dis- 
charged in 1865, and was employed in the Brooklyn Navy 
Yard. He then became master of sexeral coasting vessels until 
1S69, when he left the water and went on the Newark Police 
force until iSSa, when he resigned and entered the service of 
the Pennsylvania Railroad, as detective, where he is still em- 
ployed. Mr. Van Houten is a past com- 
mander of Phil. Kearny Post, No. 1. In 
October, 1895, he organized, in this city, 
the Admiral Boggs Association of naval 
veteians. and was elected its Captain and 
he is still its commanding officer. He con- 
nected himself with the New Jersey 
Detective Association in 1882, and has 
continued an active member ever since, 
having ser\ed two terms as its Captain. 



("leneral Townsend Harris as 
the representative of Amer- 
ica. He w.is also f>ne of the 
suite of the Commodore's in 
li.in Knk, the capit.al of 
.Si.un. when the United St.ites 
obtained one of their most 
important treaties with that 
government, and was also 
engaged in the b.ittle of 
liarriers Poits, near Canton, 
in 1856. 

( )n his arrival in New ^'ork 
he was discharged, and 
.igaiu rnlenil the merchant 
service. On the breaking 
out of the Rebellion he 
entered the army in Kearny's 
Brigade, and was with it in 
all the battles on the Pen- 
insular imder iMcClellan, but 
was compelled by sunstroke 
and sickness, to go to the 
hospital after the army had 

change in administration in 1 




ANTON' STEINKS. 



JOHN A. RODRIGO. 

A .STRIKING and natural photo of a 
well-known citizen is presented on 



this page, Mr. John A. Rodrigo, who 
lirst beheld the light of day in this city, in 
.\ugust. 1838, and was educated in the 
public schools. By trade he is a carriage 
trimmer, having served his apiirenticeship 
with the well-known firm of M. C. and 
J. H. Green & Co., who at that time were 
located on N. J. R. R. Avenue. In 1861 
he enlisted in the Fifth Regiment, New 
lersey \"iilunteer Infantry, and .ifter 
siM\ ing two and one-half years, was ])ro- 
moted to the medical staff of the Unitetl 
States Army, serving until the termina- 
tion of the war for the Union. Since 
that time his pursuits in life have been 
\arious. ,\s a private citizen he was 
called to preside as police justice, under 
the Republican rule in 1S88, and served 
with distinction until reinoved by the RESIDENCE or w. j. KE.\RNS, ON EIGHTH SI 




He is connected with the 
New Jersey Detective Agency, which has its headc|uarters in 
Jersey City, and is also the treasurer and manager of the 
Merchants' Protective Association of this citv. 

Mr. Rodrigo is closely identified with the Grand Army of the 
RepubHc, being a charter member of Phil. Kearny Post, No. i. 
of this department, who celebrated their thirtieth anniversary 
on October 26, 1896, and he is connected 
w ith many other patriotic, fraternal, indus- 
trial, social and politic.il associations. 

A. STEINES. 

NFW.VRK is no doubt one of the 
greatest consumers of coal among 
the cities of the American I'nion, and a 
well-known dealer in the black diamond 
trade is the subject of this sketch, Mr. A. 
Steines, a photo of whom is presented on 
this page. He was liorn in Germany, 
October 29, rS3i, and came to Amei'ica 
ill June, 1S52. lie was educated in the 
schools of Newark, and is by trade a 
moulder, having served an apprenticeship 
with a well-known firm in this city. 

Mr. Steins commenced business on his 
own accomit in 1875, starting a brass 
foundry which he successfully conducted 
for fourteen years, and during the ])ast 
eight years has been identified with the 
coal trade. His office and yards are 
located at 706 Market, at the junction of 
I'crry Street, and all coal delivered by 
this enterprising citizen is well screened 
and guaranteed, to consumers, to be in 
every respect the highest standard of 
excellence. Mr. Steines alsp deals in new 
and second-hand machinery of ever 
description, and has earned by his thrift 
•and enterprise an en\ iable natiie in all his 
business Iran.sactions. 



/:S.S7:.V CorXTV. X.J., ILUSTRATEn. 



I'LAM OK IHIi nil. I. 



HILLS UNION BREWERY 
CO . LIMITED 

ON S|iriiij,'lifl'l Ammuic. iiiif 

llioriiu;;lif3ro> of the Cil\ <>f 
lull a few lilinks If Mil 
.11 v\iili niliniiiit Avt- 



ily of Niw- 
, I'.ssix, New 
J, I- I h.- Hill's riiioM 

r.rcutu Lt.'.. I.imiitil. It i-- 
.irif of tlic oldest plants in the 
i'..i]iit\. hninj; [lassecl lliroiij^li 
various tiaiiils and has expi-r- 
icnccd many vicissitudes, but is 
now on the lop wav<- of pros- 
l)criH and popularity. 

I iiv now londucl- 

ini; i punli.ised It in 

the year lliiit). of Willi.im Hill, 
and has continued to comlu'l 
the business at the oUJ stand, 
Nos. 333 345 ."sprini^held ;ne- 
nue ever since. The Company 
has ni.ide many alterations and 
has huill an entirely new and 
elegant storehouse, and has 
gathered as line a lajjer heer 
brewing parapharnalia as is to 

be found in any brewing esl.iblishnienl in the Slate. It is a 
sl.irlling fad to make known, but nevertheless the truth lying 
therein must be told. L'nder the present management the 
brewer) has nearly doubled its/jutpul, and now li.is a capacity 
of one hundred thousand barrels a year. I nder the manage- 
ment of Mr. Arthur de Oouchy, the astute and business-like 
he.id of the loncern. the sales of lager beer have increased one 
lusively that in the conservative and 
111 IS where I he credit lies. In the short 
lime Ihal .Mr. Arthur de (".rouchy lias handled the reins and 
directed the course of ils business affairs, lie has demonstralcd 
the facts lliat he h.is Ihe taci to increase Made and the .ibilitv 
lo hole! ii. The corps of wide-awake, always-re,idy ,'ind 
l>usiii<'-s-lil-'- asvisiiiiit which he h.is been niarvclouslv forlun- 
■I'e has floiie not a little in helping him 

lop lis of the griMt ( oncerii and to lighten 

his own burlhen. Me has m.ide a host of business friends, 
and numbers among those whom he ineeis socially, many who 
stand high in the community, and whom alinosl any might be 
' h of their palm. .Mr. .\rlhur de ("irouchy 
irl and is ever reads to l.ike a deep anil 
iiwi\ intiresi in .ill public affairs, ami ihe poor .ind needy 
!>■- .1 ..impu handed away from his door, if in his power lo 
• ir w.inls. 

ine lo Ihe man who gives lo lln- beer which h.is 

ihe concern, lli.il pei uli.ir ll.ish .ind lla\or which 

' watch and wail lo l.isle .ind choose 

s make, which cheers, but does not 

. Ihe biew-m.isler, 'I'h.ii Mr. Ueis.i 

■ 'sanic whiih unlocks the deep 

•111- ■• be.iuly Like ■ of llu- brew- 

M lliey h.ive l.iiiicd long, rising 




IMIIN r.KKWERV (..)., .Sl'Kl XC.l'l lil.U .WE.NUE. 



sei iiic llii 



HMUllg l.il..'. 



as drawn from the wood wherein is housed the lager of his 
make. By hard w'ork, close study and with the utmost care. 
Mr. Reiser has succeeded in putting forili a brand of beer which 
h.is ])opulanze(l itself and been named the A- 1 American. 
Mr. Reiser is justly proud of his success, and his friends, and 
he has lots of them, feel that, without a doubt, his A-i Amer- 
ican brand is the foremost .American beer on the market. Mr. 
Reiser is of a retiring disposition, and it is only when he has 
pleased his employers and the public th.il he has pleased 
himself. 

Here comes in the fact that without rasp or j.n the wonder- 
ful liuth ihat the A-i .American lager beer is found in m.iiiy .i 
gentleman's cellar in New N'ork City where the strong and in- 
toxicating liquors once held the front but are now driven out, 
but not without leaving the rich consolation to hearts no longer 
made sad, since temptation no longer lingers but has taken its 
departure, giving jilace to tlie mild German beverage which, 
while cheering Ihe dispirited, gives lone lo the digestive organs 
and stimulates to renewed heallli. 

The brewery itself is a land-mark, the old building in which 
the business oflices are now situated being erected in 1876. Old 
Inion I'ark, which was laid out where the new storage 
house now stands, was the place where many of Newark's 
Cierman-.American cili/ens congregated in ihe days gone by, 
talked o\er the scenes where their homes were built away 
o\er the sea, sang the songs of the fatherland, and unwittingly, 
perh.ips, made history for Newark by reason of the gathering 
of politicians who on occasions assembled there. CouUI some 
of those who h.ive gone to their final reward return lo lake a 
survey of the grounds where they tended their gardens, they 
1 oiilil easily exclaim, " We built better than we knew." The 
consumplion of their beer is daily increasing and it will soon be 
beyond Ihe power of Ihe present plant lo supply the dem.ind. 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLFSTRATED. 



245 



I 



THE AMERICAN BUILDING LOAN AND SAVINGS 
ASSOCIATION^ OF NEW JERSEY. 

THOUGHTFUL men, anti women too, frankly admit tliat 
the building loan and savings associations established 
lliiouglioiit the LWiited States are doing more to edtuate and 
encourage the people to become provident and thrifty than any 
institution in the country. Every one appreciates ilu- fact that 
the monthly accumulation of small sums from many sources, 
and the investment of the funds thus obtained in good real 
estate mortgages at fair rates of interest, with the risk improved 
each month, not only by the natural appreciation of values, hut 
by the steady reduction of the principal of the loan by the 
monthly pavnients of the niortagee, together with the mutual 
division of the profits between the borrower ami the lender, as 
their interests a|)pear, is undoubtedly one of the surest as well 
as most profitable means of reaching an end desired by most 
men, \iz., the ownership of a home and the providing for a 
competency in old age. The .American lUiilding Loan and 



p.aid shares issued at $100, withdrawable at any time, wortli six 
per cent, per aiuumi, iiiterest payable semi-annually. These 
shares are intended for those who wish to make a short term 
investment and are without an etpi.d when safety is considered. 
On payment of $50 per share, a dividend of eight per cent, per 
.innum will be (laid semi-annually in lieu of other profits in 
of excess fixed dividends. 

Another feature which conuiiends itself, and not be found in 
many other similar organizations, is its suspension clause which 
provides that if a luember is unable to pay dues at any time 
tlirough sickness, loss of work, or other unfavorable conditions, 
he can obtain a suspension certificate for a reasonable period, 
allowing him to resume payments after his circumstances im- 
prove, without sustaining loss of dividends, and no dues or fines 
are charged pending resumption of payments. 

To sum up. the whole plan of the American is one of eipiity 
and justice, and we reconunend its shares to those desiring ,1 
safe depository for their surplus earnings as an investment 
without .Ml e(|ual. The m.inagement is in good hands. Mr. 




RESIDENCES ON HELLER I'ARInWAV. FllRESP Illl.I,. 



S.avings .Association, of New Jersey, with home office at 673 
and 675 Broad Street, Newark, is making rapid strides to the 
front, and not only in this city, but local branches have been 
and are being established throughout the State in all the prin- 
cipal towns. They are in a flourishing condition and report 
steady progress. 

The American was organized as a national association in 
August, 1895, .and commenced business in the latter \yM\ of 
September, since which time it has realized the promoter's 
fondest expectation. Of course, the primary object of the 
association is to enable every man who buys its shares to be- 
come his own landlord, and what grander purpose could any 
institution have than this? John Howard I'.i) ne immortalized 
himself by writing those beautiful lines, " Home Sweet Home," 
and yet he died an exile. But thanks to such institutions as 
this, no man inclined to be provident need ever l)e an exile, for 
its whole aim and ])lan is to preach economy to the improvident 
and help them to better things. 

The American issues two kinds of investment shares— pre- 
paid at $50, to mature at $100 in ninety-six months, and fully 



E. J. Murphy, a real est.ite man of many years' experience, is 
the President; W. H. Rowe, Vice-President ; S. W. Chapman, 
Secretary, and Arthur Hinde, Manager of Agencies, also the 
organizer of this association and other similar institutions in the 
tJld Country. The Board of directors is coiuposed of Messrs. 
Harvey C. Pearce and John Kowc, of Arlington, Hon. C. H. 
Piaake, of Atlantic City, and lion. Fred. Schuehardt. of Egg 
Harbor City. .Mr. Frank C. Wilcox, who w.is for a nuiuber of 
years comiected with the government of this city as assistant 
attorney, is counsel for the company. The mission of the 
American Building Loan and Savings Association, of New 
Jersey, is a laudable one and well worthy of public patronage, 
and all its operations are o])en to the fullest investigation. 

It has been a settled fact for years that the public institutions 
known as building and loan associations have come among us 
and to use an old and hackneyed expression, " have come to 
slay." No institution which was new and untried was ever 
received by the working and middle classes, who are ever 
watchful an<l chary, with more implicit faith it its inate good- 
ness than the building and loan societies. 



_■/'. 



/:s.s7;.v corxrv. x. j.. iiJJsrK.\Ti:D. 



T 



1 In ihi' vfii-i 

( t I 



IIIIOM 



, ins ii|"rif;Mi lii.ii.iiUi .imi >sLll-kiii)« ii 

il.ililirs li.m- liri>ii;^lil liiiii. Tin- i'\li-ii- 

ililuij^s wliii. Ill llie Imsiiifss is roii- 

iii.iliil Mil I .iiiuiiin-r Sini-I .111(1 



JOHN G KEARSING MANUFG CO 

TlIK lily "( Nfw.iil;. New Jir-.(y. li;is ;il\v.iys 
iK-en iiKlcil in the li.iriR-ss :mi<I siidillriy li.ird- 
w;»r<- tnulf. no! milv in lliis louiiliy ImiI thnin^lmul 
llic whole woilil. whtrrvcr the horse and rairiage 
is used by ihc people. The eoinpany forming' ihe 
suliierl of tilis inquiry liave been established in 
business, in this city, sinre the year 1S79. and its 
career, (roni the hour of its inception, has been 
si;;nali/cd chielly liy steady and sure progress in 
llir direction of nierchaiililc prosperity. Ihe plant 
i-. located at SS-9S Monroe Street, .and is well ecpiipped with 
machinery of e\ery description, operated by experienced 
workmen, who .ire constantly employed in the manufacture of 
m.irlinj;.ile rinjjs, poker checks, buttons, rosettes and numer- 
ous other varieties tor use in the harness and saddlery trade. 

■|'he |.;oods are made from carefully selected materials and 
are unexcelled for their quality, finished appearance and (lur.i- 
bilily. The business of the house is conducted throu;4hout 
the whole country, and a large share of the hrm's trade is 
devoted to the export business. Mr. Kearsinj; and son, 
photos of whom are herewith presented, are practical mechanics 
who have considerable experience and possess an acciir.ite 
knowledge of the trade which they so ably anil successfully 
cnndiicl. A large and complete .issortnient of liie products 
are kept constantly in stock, ,ind the reputation which the goods 
o( the company have throughout the country is of the highlesl 
character. Mr. Krarsing was born in New York City. 




KESlUKNl i: III' I,. J. I.MlNS, Ml. I'KuSI'Kl r AVKNUK. 

E. B, WOODRUFF. 

AMONG the undertakers of the city of Newark few have 
risfii to a more deserved prominence than Knoch 15. 
Woodruff, whose oflices and ware-rooms are at 846 Broad 
Street. Here at all hours of the day and night he is found 
ready to respond to the call of those who are so unfortunate as 
to need the services of an undertaker. An experienced fem.ile 
is always in attendance. I-"or convenience of location the 
establishment has few ecpials and no superiors. Enoch B. 
Woodruff is one of the oldest undertakers in Newark, and is a 
worthy representative of the calling and a citizen of high stand- 
ing. His photo, on page 236, is truly life-like and natur.il. 



JAMES A. MC CARTHY. 

Till-, subject of this brief sketch was born and educated in 
the Fifth W.ird of this city, and is a practical sanitarv 




plumber by trade, having served 

n apprenticeship with the late 
W.iller r. Dunn, .after which he 
commenced business for himself, 
and by his thrift and attention to 
the wants of customers, has suc- 
cieiled in establishing one o( the 
best eijuipped plumbing plants to 
be found in the Ironbound District 
"f Newark. A pholoof the gentle- 
iii.in miller consideration will be 
lound on page i4oof this illustrated 

■ouveiiir. and though one of the 
\ouiigisl men in the business he 

1 is exei iiied several important con- 

.icls for the 1 ily .Hid county 

governnient, as well as for private 

indi\iiluals. He is well-known in 

■ >r I'iflli Ward, which he repre- 
^1 Ills ill the t'oiiiMinii Council. Ib- 
is one of the pioneeis who founded 
the New, Ilk Kowiiig Club, and is a 
imiiiliei i.f iii.iiiy org.iiii/.ilions. 




ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



247 



FREEBORN G. SMITH. 

Wl-^ have only to run back over the history of uiusir and 
musical instruments, in Essex County, Init little more 
than a quarter of a century of time, to find the record of how 
and when the now celebrated Bradbury ])iano began its marvel- 
ously successful career, an instrument which in all probability 
has achieved a greater popularity than any other which has been 
put on the market, during any period of time since music was 
made to spring from pearly lips through .Kolian harp and 
sound-board combination in harmonic time. The I5radburv 
was named in honor of the late song writer ,ind sweet singer. 
William B. Bradbury, of Montclair, who first manufaclurcd the 
piano which now beats his name. 

The health of Mr. I'radbury failing .nid his phvsici.in und 
friends advising him to discontinue the liusiness, he sold out to 
Mr. F'reeborn C Smith, his superintendent, who has since con- 
ducte<l ihr business, his manufacturing establishment, deposi- 
tories, stores and salesrooms keeping pace with the " Brad- 
bury's " growth and popularity, and the increasing demand for 
this brauliful instrument among people of culture. At present 




I'l.WO W.VRKROOMS OF I'-REKIlfiKN G. SMITH, CORNER RKO.M) AND WEST P.XRK SIRi:Kr.S 



lliPsliires where the " Bradbuiy" is sold direct frnni the factory, 
number lwenly-se\ rn. Among these are llir stores in New 
^'ork, Brooklyn, I'hiladelphia, Jersey City, Saratoga Springs, 
W ashington. Chicago, Kansas Cily, Ncwaik, etc., Brooklyn 
alone ha\ing fi\c handsome warerooms and three large manufac- 
lories. For the past few years Mr. Freeborn (j. Smith, 
Jr., has been a member of the firm, he taking lo the business .as 
n.Llur.illy as a duck to the water, his f.ilher reposing gnat confi- 
dence in his business ability. 

Mr. .Smith, being a ca|)i(al judge of lunnan n.ilure, has been 
• ibli- to keep about him such praiseworthy assistants and salrs- 
nicn. th.it his gieat business has been run will) \ery little 
fii<li(in. The " I'ir.idbury " is represented in l^ssex County by 
Mr. 1'. R. I'eeh.ui, ,i gentleman who thoroiighh undeistands 
the piano trade, .nul has [u'esitled over the business with a 
dignity and care which made it a success from the begimiing. 



The following editorial notice which appeared in the Newark 
Ilfin about the time the Bradbury piano concern moved into the 
present Newark ([uarters, corner of Broad and West Park Streets, 
voices a tribute richly deserved. 

" As we were ])assing up Broad Street a day or two since, our 
attention was i-alled to the elegant new quarters wherein is housed 
part of the piano interests of Y . Ci. Smitli, where the music-lov- 
ing public will find the sweet-toned instruments which continue 
to speak the name and musical fame of the lamented Bradbury in 
the same notes of gladsome harmony which leaped from the ivory 
keys under his skillful touch and from his almost inspired lips. 

'■ Curiosity b.ide us call in the familiar old store building at 
the southwest corner of ISroad and West I'ark Streets, Nos. 
fi79 and 6Si of the former, yet so elegantly altered and attired 
was it that nothing short of a formal introduction from the 
polite and business-like manager, Mr. F. R. Feehan, would 
satisfy us that it was the very same but metamorphosed place 
known to us of yore, lieliind the great plate-glass windows, 
reposed on carpets of \elvet, the very prettiest and costliest of 
pianos and the richest in lone of the Bradbury make, while all 

along down the sides of the e.\- 
tensive exhibition and salesroom 
were ranged instruments which 
lor style, price and richness of 
lone could not help satisfying 
the most fastidious buyer. As 
we drew forth the richness of 
tone by touching the keys as we 
passed, our wonder grew at the 
modest sum which we learned 
they could be bought for .as we 
asked the price, uid still the 
wonder grew, why so many 
households, otherwise artistic- 
,illy llnished and furnished, are 
\el without a " Bradbury," and 
this, too, when everyfjody knows 
hi>w elevating, refining and edu- 
c.iting piano music is. Just 
here may ,is well be interpolated 
a fact worth knowing, viz.: That 
instruments can l)e bought di- 
rect from the manufacturer at 
the very lowest possible prices 
.ind on the easiest terms imagin- 
able, the profit which ordinarily 
finds its way into the middle- 
man's pocket rem.iining with 
the purchasers of these be.ituiful 
pianos. 
"On ascending the easy llight of stairs leading to the second 
lloor. we were amazed to find that the story 'had but half 
been told,' for here was another extensive exhibit and sales 
room, carpeted with rich ,\xminster, moi|uet or Brussels, where 
the buyer can move frnm the rosewoo<l or cherry, or from the 
exquisite upright (siipiiiiir) grand conci-rt, new iq)right or the 
famili.u- old s(|u.uc, .uid from either of which the tones will 
give out their sweetness for the satisfaction, delectation and with 
mi.illoyed |)leasure, without disturbing sensitive or nuisical 
e.irs. .And this renunds us th.il it might be well in this comiec- 
tion to say how iMsy an instrument the pi.mo is to learn to plav, 
it re (|uiring but little stinb , while persistcnc\ in practice wins the 
d.i\. Oin K.idrrs m.ay r.ill as they pass th.Ll w.iy, purch.ise 
an inslrument ,ind mn- \oucher for it, if you tr\ you will soon 
learn to play, 'riien, (), ecstatic satisfaction, even though life's 
journey is far beyond the month of May. We know, having tried. 



1'/^ 



ESSEX CorXTY. X. J., ILLISTRATED. 



^ 




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ry 




|\I. ANIi W'".|i \ \K'I) 'IV N. rklMMKK ,v CO. (OKNKR NEW IKRSKV RAILROAD AVENUK AND LAKAYIMTE STREKT. 



; MER &. CO 

ONK of the iiiosi importiiiu of llic coniimrcial iiileicsls 
New. irk arc Umse runnrclrd with siipph iiig the needs 
<i( this city ami its suhiirlis with ill kinds of fuel. Among the 
inlcrpriscs of this character. .1 parliiiil.irly nmeworihy one is 
that of S. 'friniMicr & Co.. who .ire wholesale and retail dealers 
in the l)esl qualities of I,ehii;h and free-liuining loal, hickory, 
oak and pine kindlinj.; wood, charcoal, etc.. h.iving their oflicc 
.It New Jersey K.iilroail Avenue and Lafayette Street. The 
liusincss w.is cstahlisheil ahoul twenty ye.irs ago by Mr. 
.Samuel 'I'riimner, who w,is .it that time a large dealer in wood 
rxcUisiveK, and in January. 1S94, the present tirm style was 
.idoptcd. Previous to this time Mr. Trimmer had added the 
coal liusiness to that of the wood industry. Mr. Trimmer- 
was the pioneer in introducing to the dealers in Newark the 
very |>opular kiln-dried liundle kindling wood, and in fact the 
mie to make the wooil lir.mch of their business a 
I fe.iture. They transact .1 larger business in this line 
than any other lirni in the cit\ . and make a specialty of hand- 
ling woojI by the load, cord or in i ar-load lots. Their leading 

supplying many 
out the northern p; 
The tirm is c 
Samuel Trimmer 



specialty in coal is their noted Lehigh No. 2 nut coal, to which 
they pay particular attention, and the enormous quantity of this 
size that they h.indle speaks for the quality and popularity of 
this coal. 

Their yard at New Jersey Railroad Avenue and Lafayette 
Street is 175 by ic» feet in dimensions, and contains large 
sheds for storing coal, charcoal and wood, and a fully equipped 
electric power kindling wood plant for sawing and splitting 
the wood into any desired length and size. Besides the very 
large quantity of coal carried at their yard, they also have a 
large storage capacity at the Lehigh X'alley Coal Co.'s pockets, 
and are therefore able to supply every demand for the best grades 
of hard and free-burning coal for household use, steam coal 
for manufacturing, and bituminous coal for blacksmilhing and 
forging, and charcoal esi)ecially adapted for jewelers" anil 
plumbers' use. The business conducted by this tirm is very 
extensive, for beside the almost countless number of private 
families that they supply, they count among their customers a 
l.irge number of the representative manufacturing houses of the 
city. In addition to this they do a very large car-load business, 
plants through- 

iirt of New Jer.sev. 

oraposcd of Mr. 
.md Mr. Ernest 




C. .Sirempel. Mr. Trimmer is a 
native of New Jersey, a survivor 
of the war for the Union, and now 
resides in New Nork, where he is 
eng.iged in the s.iine line of busi- 
ness. Mr. I'rnest C. Stienipel is a 
n.ilivi- .'ukI life-long resident of this 
1 il>, and previous to his becoming a 
number of the firm, w.is for a 
iiimilier of ycirs iii.m.iger of the 
\'u;nk biisinos, and under his 
n .Mill m.in.igiiiieni the busi- 
ly assumed its present l,irge 
proportions, as well as its iin(|ues- 
lionnl reputation among the fore- 
Miiisl roncerns in this line. 

The illuslr.ilions present an ex- 
• I llinl view of tin- pi. ml. on I'. K.K. 
Avenue .mil I ..if.i\elle Street and 

iif llw lili'l I 11 1..1',. 




hh.\l.- 1 V . .-. 1 Kl Mlfc-l.. 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



249 



JOSEPH LOGEL 

IT would be difficult to select out of the whole miscellany of 
Newark's domestic industries, one which has had a more 
important bearing upon the commercial affairs of the city than 
the trade in general family groceries. This important and 
necessary business stands foremost in line with the many com- 
mercial enterprises that have contributed to the steady growth 
and prosperity oi the city. In reviewing the many able and 
honorable names identified with this particular industry, we 
take pleasure in mentioning that of Mr. Joseph Logel, a faith- 
ful picture of whom appears in the illustrations shown on this 
page. The business is located on Springfield avenue, corner 
Fifteenth street, and is one of the neatest and best equipped 
grocery plants in that section of the city. 

Stocked with a large and well-selected line of general famiU 
groceries and provisions, including new crop teas, coffees, 
spices, dried foreign and domestic fruits, hermetically sealed 
goods of every description— in fact, everything in the line of 
food su])plies known to the trade, all of which are received 
from first hands, from the best and largest markets in thi- 
country, enabling the enterprising proprietor to supply the 
customers at the lowest, rock-bottom prices. In connection 
wilh the grocery business, a well-regulated meat market is a 
prominent feature of the house, which is very convenient for 
the people residing in the neighborhood. Polite assistants are 
in attendance, and free deliveries are made to customers in all 
parts of the city and its suburbs. Mr. Logel was born in 
Providence, R. I., and was educated in the schools of the city. 
He has been identified with the industries of Newark for 
nearly thirty years. 




H. E. SCHWARZ. 



THERE are many of our citizens who pursue the occupation 
of real estate and insurance brokers and who have earned 
a w-ell -merited reputation for the conscientious and efficient 
manner in which they handle all interests intrusted in their 
hands. Prominent among the number is Mr. H. E. Schwarz, 
whose office is now at 836 Broad street, but was formerly located 
at 210 Market street. He established the business of real 
estate and insurance in 1873, at Elizabeth, N. J., and in 1875 



STORE OF JOSEPH LOGEL. SPRINGFIELD AVE., COR. FI FTEENIH ST. 

removed it to Newark Mr. Schwarz has a wide range of prac- 
tical experience and a large and influential acquaintance in 
business circles. As a real estate broker he has paid special 
attention to large tracts of lands for building purposes and 
farms, and upon his books are full descriptions of the most 
eligible bargains available in tracts of land to be laid out in 
building lots as well as farms, in every part of the State of New 
Jersey, Pennsylvania, New York, etc. Mr. Schwarz, an excellent 
photo of whom is presented on this page, is a veteran of the 
late war, having been an officer in one of the Pennsylvania 
regiments of infantry, and is a member of James A. Garfield 
Post. No. 4, G. A. R. 



THE striking phot 
of this illustrat 



MILES F. QUINN. 
photo of Miles F. Ouinn, presented on page 



his many friends and admirers, and it is hardly necessary to go 




^l-PH LOOEL- 



into details concerning him 
or his business qualifications. 
He conducts a general real 
estate and insurance business 
at No. 16 Mulberry street, 
on the very location where 
he first beheld the light of 
day, and devotes his personal 
attention to the buying, sell- 
ing and exchanging of prop- 
erty, WTiting lines of insur- 
ance in the most reliable 
companies, procuring loans 
on bonds and mortgages, 
collecting rents and caring 
for estates. Mr. Quinn is 
also a commissioner of deeds 
as well as a notary public for 
New Jersey and several other 
states, and possesses a mas- 
terly knowledge of these 
duties. His ability and 
courtesy have won for him the 
resiiect of his many clients. 




H. E. SCHWARZ. 



7;s.s7:.v corxTv, x.j., illustrated. 



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MLN1>VS HOISTING KNGINE WORKS ON I'KOSl'fXT STREEl'. 



jv.jLr n S. MUNDY. 

W' LI-; the linnamciil which a'erhan;;s Uir lily of Newark 
is l)cspanglt(l with stars, criiblemalical of the greatness, 
llic (jrandcur. the skill, the jjcnius. the influence of men. who 
h.ivc made their inark in one of the several particular lines 
ive fiilli)weil, few have made their own parli- 
hrighlei by the persistent effort and the 
/»mI(iusiu-ss with which they have followed it up when once they 
;;ot it started, than has Joseph S. Muiidy. 

It is not particularly necessary, for the searchers after signs 
whi« h mark t! 
wriiU);hl. to . 
^lr<•<■l, 1(1 find wlieii- 



which are manufactured the out|)ut of Joseph S. Mundy's genius, 
the Mundy Friction Drum Hoisting Engine, now in use all over 
the world. Joseph S. Mundy was brought up in the country, 
worked on the farm in the summer and went to school in the 
winter. In i866 he came to Newark and apprenticed himself 
to an engineering firm. In 1871 he began sketching the plans 
for his famous Friction Drum Hoisting Engine. Since 1870 he 
has been sole owner of the business. 



1! over the city where success has been 
. on the plot of ground on Prospect 
the great buildings are erected in 
, Jot'ge studie< 



DE JONGE & STEIGER. 

THE photographs of the gentlemen represented on this page 
are those of Messrs. Dejonge & .Sleiger, architects, doing 



7 




\H.I1I I 11 I . 



business at No. 
at the otlice of 
Machlin & Steiger. after which he 
graduated from the Architectural 
department of Cooper Institute, 
New York City, in 1S90. He re- 
mained with the firm until 1S93, 
when he started in business for 
himself. Mr. Fred J. Steiger is the 
■-on of the late John F. .Steiger, of 
the lirm of Staehlin X: Steiger, 
under whose i)ersonal supervision 
'■ engaged in the architectural 
■lofession, and has acquired an 
\perience beyond hisye.ars. Many 
iiKlsome .111(1 costly residences 
■ id ((iMimerii.il buildings have been 
■ecied III this city and nearby 
• "iiy under their supervision. 
; lluiii being the residence of 
(if ICdwin Kirch, Esq.. 
• is of Sidney S. .Smith, 
Jciiii 1- . .Murphy and Frank Opdyke. 
ds.i |.H nil, U.ill on liroad street. 



24 and 226 Market street. Mr. Maurice De 




ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



251 



HOOPER & CO. 

ARCHITECTURE has flourished since away 
back ill the ages when mankind tirst quit his 
nomadic Hfe where the tent was his home, and 
began the building of dwelling places of wood and 
stone. Just how much of this science was dis- 
phiyed in the lines of the Tower of Babel and the 
great temples scattered through the eastern world, 
we have little means of divining. But from the 
time Solomon reigned in Jerusalem it is clearly 
shown by bible history that this beautiful science 
of architecture flourished and has left its footprints 
on every page of history. It is hardly possible that 
from the genius alone of Hiram, from whose trac- 
ing board sprang the beautiful ideal of David, tin- 
Temple of Solomon, which shone in its richness 
like a galaxy of stars in the hrmanent at night, came 
with the inspiration of the moment, but rather from 
the result of his deep study of the thoughts and l.ihoi s 
of other scientific men and the garnering by thi^ 
brilliant student of what they had accomplishc 1 
in the ages gone by and fl.ished on the world from 
the beautiful lines of the temple as they came in 
full combinations from his tracing board. So clear, 
so concise, and w'ith such marvelous perfection they 
came from his pencil, that no sound of hammer, 
saw or any other metal tool was necessary to be 
heard in its erection, every huge stone and cedar 
stick being prepared in the quarries and on the hill 
sides from this great architect's working plans. 
Contemporaneous history gives examples in multitude of the 
growth of this beautiful science which has left its marks in the 
ruins of Balbec, the Pyramids, and ruins all along the great 
river Nile and where dash the cruel waves of the heartless 
Mediteranian. And so as time moves on to the hours when we 
reach this grand science in its perfection, as demonstrated in 
the work of the pencils of the famed Michael Angelo and 
Raphael and their contemporaries, when the beauty of poetry 
and the marvels of architecture rose and fell like the waves of 
the storm disturbed ocean. 

Enough of the past. It is not of the men under whose genius 
the science of architecture grew and prospered with 'which we 




WHF.ATON S BUILDING. 




have to do in our ESSEX CouN TV, N. J., Illustrated, nor is 
it of the men who wrought to bring out the fine lines of London's 
St. Paul or New York's old landmark. Trinity, the men of our 
era who have been and are to-day engaged in the work of 
dotting the world over not alone with such mighty examples of 
their wonderful capabilities as are seen in the Washington and 
Grant monuments, the Capitol building, where the representa- 
tives of the nation, the defenders of liberty assemble each year, 
the great building, which leaped from their plans and flew over 
thousands of miles of our domain to where towered all along 
marvels of their exploits, to the banks of Lake Michigan and 
Jackson Park, to become the mightiest exhibits of the great 

Centennial fair, each startling the 

world with their grandeur, their 

beauty and strength, and all carried 

away in wonder at the mighty pro- 
portions of the one Manufacturers 

Building, covering 32 acres of 

ground and mounting heavenward 

nearly five hundred feet, not to say a 

single word forthe Ferris wheel, the 

engineering feat of the ages. Among 

these men, architects of Newark 

city, it is our pleasure to speak in 

this souvenir work of Hooper & 

ro.,Irvin G. and George B.,who have 

iheir studios in the Credit System's 

Buildmg, corner Washington and 

Market streets, where they are 

earning fame for themselves 

and adding to the mighty 

treasures of architectural art and 

adorning their profession, in 

modesty of assumption of the degree 

nf their skill and advancement. ikvin g. hoopek. 




ESSEX COrXTV, X. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



T 



riuii]. 



.mil < 


.lu. 


itii 


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il.ivr 








men i 









PHILIP J. BOWERS & CO. 

,.ks lo luT UMinj; men for the sleaily 
: her iniluslrMl ino-irsts. and she per- 
nol tincl two more energetic or competent men m 
..:.,U she mijjht inist a •^hare ot the work than Messrs. 
J. Howers and Walter H. Gray. K^neral real estate ami 
• ■ rs. "f 1.S9 i<;i Market street. A view of their 
I business and life-like photos of the firm, is 
in the ilUislralions. The business was 
ip J. lii.wcrs. who is a Newarkcr by birth 
and who recently associated with himself Mr. 
. who was bnni and educated in lloston, Mass.. 
iderable experience in the profession, makinj; 
o. known under the style of Philip J. Bowers & 
. ir short time in real estate transactions they 
! T being two of the most active younj,' 
.;ii. |)rior lo their |)rcsent venture, both 
of the partners had spent lonj,' terms with other houses, where 
they thorouKlily mastered every detail of the intricate business. 
No greater recommendation could be given them than the record 
of the fact that just previous to the presidential election in 1896, 
when ll>c banks anil financial institutions of the city were un- 
willing to advance loans on almost any terms, this young firm 
were able to place a loan of §43.500. a transaction at that time 
noticed by the daily press as a deal out of nil ordinary considera- 
tions. This firm conduct a general real estate and insurance 
brokerage, buying, selling and exchanging every description of 
propertv. pl.icing loans on bond and mortgage, handling in- 
vestment >erurities and writing lines on insurance in the most 
reli.ible companies at the lowest premium r.ites. The firm have 
on their books constantly a list of bargains in factory buildings, 
elegant residences, stores, city lots, and well regulated and 
■ firms. Philip J. Bowers & Co. make a specialty of 
loans, in which they have had a phenomenal success 
and It IS said that they have been successful in placing more 
iiioncy on bond and mortgage in a certain period, than any 
other three firms doing business in the city, a remarkable show- 
ing for the youngest house in Newark. The firm transacts 
t)usiness through competent agencies in every section of the 
' Mr. Piowers is identified with the real estate depart- 
■ neof the largest savings and loan associations in New 
Jersey, which gives this firm another advantage in this connec- 




I'llll.ll' J. BOWERS A; CO.. NO. 1 89 I9I .M.ARKF.T SIkKKT. 



C> 




^ 



v 



^ 



lion. All this activity in no way interferes with these energetic 
and wide-awake young brokers from giving personal attention 
to all the details of their insurance department, which would be 
considered by itself a large and successful business for any fiim 
so recently established. In this department they are ably assisted 
by our well known fellow-townsman, Mr. E. A. Johnson, who 
has been connected for many years with several well known 
and reliable insurance companies, having a thorough knowledge 
with all the details and methods of fire and accident risks. The 
firm represents only the leading and most reliable companies in 
these lines and the countersign of I'hilip J. Bowers & Co. on a 
policy is a guarantee that it is correctly drawn and that the 
terms of the contract will be carried out. The secret of their 
success in all the branches of this liusiness is due to the energy, 
activity and precision in all particulars and the most thorough 
care given to all transactions committed to their care, whether 
the amount involved is a few dollars or runs into hundreds of 
thou.sands. From their present beginning it is easy to predict 
for their future a foremost position among 
the real estate firms of Newark, founded 
upon strict attention to businesss. un- 
llagging energy and unvarying intcgritv. 
To the efforts and business transactions 
of men like Messrs. Bowers & Co., the 
city is indebted to a great extent for its 
steady growlh and advancement as an 
industrial centre, and with their ideas 
imbued by others it would be soon possi- 
ble to realize a greater Newark, embrac- 
ing all the territory east and west of the 
piesent city limits from and including 
Jersey City, on the cast, to and including 
I he second rangeof the Orange Mountains 
on the West and slopping only at 
noiih and souih with the rilies of Kliza- 
bclli and Paierson. Such ,i ilistrict care- 
fully filled up with a variety of manufac- 
turing industries, and useful and attractive 
homes, would beiome distinguished as 
lli<- most adv.iiiKil and prosperous indus- 
tri.il ciiilre in the United Slates. 




ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



253 



OWEN M'CABE 

THE subject of this sketch, whose 
excellent photo appears below, 
is a well known citizen, whose career 
in the strugg^les of life is worthy of 
record on the pages of this illustratetl 
souvenir. He was born in Ireland in 
1836, and caine to this country in his 
early teens, receiving a limited educa- 
tion in the schools of this city, after 
which he was apprenticed to Mr. L. J. 
Lyons, with whom he learned the 
trade of steam boiler making. In 1864 
he associated with Mr. Samuel Lyons, 
a son of his former employer, and 
together they purchased the plant and 
conducted the business under the tirm 
name of Samuel W. Lyons & Co., 
untd the death of Mr. Samuel W. 
Lyons, which occurred in 1866, when 
the present well known firm of L. I. 
Lyons & Co. was organized, and has 
been successfully continued ever since 
that time. The plant of this firm is 
located on Commerce street, and 
occupies all the groimd running 
through to Passaic avenue, and is 
admirably ecpiipped with all the neces- 
sary machinery, and appliances for 

conducting the trade. It is a fact that the firm have made a 
great deal of noise in the conduct of their business, but this has 
been done without bluster or show. A large corps of 
experienced mechanics and skilled workmen are constantly em- 
ployed in manufacturing steam boilers of all grades and sizes, 
also in constructing revolving barrels, iron tanks, dryers, etc. 
The boilers of this firm are located in the churches, schools, 
institutions, factories and homes of the people all over the 
L'nion, and have a reputation for safety and durability as exten- 
sive as the land they live in. This is another demonstration of 
what pluck, determination and honesty can accomplish in the 
struggles of life, combined with attention to business. Mr. 
McCabe is, strictly speaking, a self-made man, having raised 
himself steadily to his present position by close attention to busi- 




NLWARK KLECrl.;(llVl'l! FOUNDRY. 

ness. He is well known in the industrial citcles of this city and 
is honored for his integrity to business principles. He is a 
director and treasurer of St. James' Hospital, located in the 
eastern section of Newark, N. J. 



F. C, EDWARDS. 



IN the illustrations presented on this page will be found an 
excellent and life-like portrait of Mr. F. C. Edwards, the 
well known broker and negotiator of loans, located in rooms 
6-7, at No. 191 Market street. He first saw the light of the 
world in May, 1853, and has always resided in Newark, having 
attended the public grammar and high schools, graduating froin 
the old Brvant, Stratton and Whitney Business College. l\'r. 



*-• 


■'\ 


V-si 




ter^ 


v'^ 


1 


14 


^ 


^1: 


\ 

\ . ■ 


1 



Edwards was connected with the old 
firms of C. Walsh & Son and Weiner & 
Co., as bookkeeper. He made an early 
start in business on his own account, at 
the age of twenty-one, having founded 
the Phoenix Lock Works, which is still m 
existence on Halsey street. After ten 
\ears he severed his connection with the 
above concern and took up his present 
business. He is also the secretary and 
treasurer of the American Wall Pa])er 
and Paint Company, doing business at 
255 Market street, which was incorporateil 
in 1895. They are the general agents for 
the Corey-Heller Company for this sec- 
tion of the State. Mr. Edwards is well 
known in business circles as one of the 
most successful negoliaters of stocks and 
bonds in this city. He is connected with 
several of Newark's industries and during 
his business career has aided many who 
were financially endjarrassed. 




ES^nX COrXTV. X. J., ILLUSTRATED. 

NEWARK COACH L--"- ■• iNUFACTURING CO. 



T' 



"HI", lit) ui NiwMrk is ]u>i\\ iiutcil fur llie many and various 

' n( miliisliial pursuits contluclfd in her corporalc 

■' \v cilies in llic United Stales are l)etter known prlnci- 

,1, u:;li the siiperiiirity of the manufactured products. In 

iinection we take pleasure in mentioning an enterprise 

,.,i i> hiylily tommcnikd)le. and whose career is worthy of 

nilaiiun. in these times of rivalry and sharp competition th ■ 

SI walk Coach Lamp Manufacturing Co.. whose plant is shown 

I the illustrations, with life-like photos of the men who coin- 
I ose the firm. The industry was commencetl in a small way 

II .Arlington street, in July 1S91, and during the past six years 
I IS hecn successfully conducted liy the original founders, Messrs. 
Ilaltel. .Schmidt. Kberhardt and Waller, each of whom are 
practical mechanics and (tossess a thorough knowledge of the 
coach lamp industry. The firm manufactures every description 

n( coach, carriage and hearse lamps, with a metal spinning, and side business, being well known on the road and is thoroughly 

gold, silver and nickel plating departments, which are admir- familiar with the carriage builders t'lroughout the entire coun- 

alily eiiuipped with everv improvenienl known to the trade. try. The firm have successfully cinducted their business and 

KacTi meiiil)er having sened an apprenticeship to the business, breasted the hard times of the past three years which will long 





11 \KI.K ■> w \l. I t K. 



GUSTAVE SCHMIDT. 



occupies a position in the 
factory, the duties of which 
are discharged in an able 
m.mner, Mr. Kberhardt 
being the superintei dent. 
Mr. Hallel having charge 
of the lamp making and 
plating departiiR-nls, while 
.Mr. Schmidt conducts the 
spinning department and 
acts as treasurer of the 
company. and .Mr. Walter 
is the secretary and man- 
ager. The plant is coni- 
plete in all its arrange- 
ments, having a cap.iciiy 
for producing thirty thou- 
sand pairs of l,im|)S ai 
nually. The high grail 
lamps inanuf.iclured b 
this firm are rapidl. 
Iiccoming celebrated f(.; 
Ihcir superior I ■ 
durability. \\' 

and finish, and bring expert mechanics they are enabled to do 
their own designing, having produced many new styles which 



ft 

rrrrr 

Umnffwrtrf Et 1 





I'l.ANI 111' NKWAUK COACH LAMP M AN i: TAC TURING CO. 



be remembered as a period 
that tried men's souls as 
well as their bank accounts 
and the years 1894-5-6. 
will go down in history as 
a record breaker in the 
story of panics and indus- 
trial depression. Such, in 
brief, is the record which 
this firm can boast of, 
composed as it is of four 
united and determined 
mechanics, who have 
demonstrated their ability 
to conduct their own busi- 
ness and have never per- 
mitted the business to in- 
tluence them. These men 
liave set an example in 
pushing to success an in- 
dustrial pursuit which 
others might follow 
with satisfaction. Since 
thev have shown that even 



in the midst of the gravest of difficulties and throughout all the 
. . period of the gr.ivest business and financial depression known in 

have atlrncled the attention of the home as well as the export the history of either, these men have apparently never lost sight 

Ir.idc. Mr. Waller, the manager, personally attends to the out- for a moment of the immense value of close application to 

business or the old axiom, that " IN rseverance Conquers All 
Things." These four young nun. each of whom had studied 
the art of coach lamp making and had garnered all the fads 
belonging to the tr.ide, was ready lo pull off his coat and roll up 
his sleeves and go to work with a will, determined to win in tin- 
light for supremacy. They had to come in contact with the 
ixperience of old heads and lo meet In the markets of the coun- 
iry such a fierce competition as the increase in the number of 
irodui ers always beget, and when the young firms win success, 
s ibis (luarlel most assuredly has, ihc rew.ird comes in the 
increased drm.ind for their goods and the welt deserved and 
1 commciidatiiins which ever follow. To this young fini 
■mr .ill this, and so systematic has been the conduct . 
lie .ilfaiis of iheir business, their growth cannot but be coi 
iirnsiiralr with the effort put forth. The lamps from this cm - 
cern show In ilie world In their real be.iuly. that there was real 
nurh.inical and artistic merit in each member. charles f. KiiEKiiARur. 





ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



255 



DAVID RIPLEY & SONS. 
TIMBER & LUMBER. 

FOR more than half a century 
there has been conducted 
in this city an industry which, 
in extent and usefulness of its 
production, stands unrivalled. 
We refer to the steam saw and 
planing mills plant conducted 
under the firm name of David 
Ripley & SonsTiml)er & Lumber 
Co., a remarkable and telling 
photo of which appears in the 
beautiful illustration presented 
on this page. The business of this 
great concern has a convenience 
of situation surpassed by few. 
if any, similar industry in any 
city in the United States. More 
than half a century of years 
have passed away since David 
Ripley, the founder, then a poor 
and almost friendless boy. came 
to this city from Green's Farms, 
in Connecticut, where he was 
born in 1803. He brought with 

him little or no cash, but possessed what was far better — an 
active brain, a healthy physicpie and a strong right arm, great 
and mighty factors in the upbuilding of a home and a fortune. 
His business foundations were laid firm and deep in the great 
and lasting principles of the virtues of temperance, fortitude, 
])rudence and justice, and he was never known, duiing all his 
long business career, extending over a period of more than fifty 
years, to deviate or part from them. Early in life he imbibed 
a strong hatred for the institution of slavery and was always a 
fearless champion of its abolition. In the latter part of the 
fifties he brought down on his head not a few maledictions on 
account of his sentiments in this regard, but his convictions of 
right were so strong and his inbred love of honor still stronger, 
that he was never happier or showed up to his neighbors in 
better form than when withstanding the taunts of the thouglit- 
lessness of those who opposed him. He was the founder in 




PLANT OF D.A\I|) RIIM.EV i. SONS TIMBER .\N1) LUMBER CO. 



organizing the Clover Street Industrial School, and contributed 
generously towards the support of the poor children in that 
section of the city. A marked specialty of the business was 
the sawing of logs into timber, boards, planks, joists, sills, 
studding, etc., to order. The trees, being purchased on forest 
lands in Pennsylvania and New Jersey, were chopped down and 
rafted on the Delaware and Susquehanna rivers and brought 
into his own plant via Passaic River and Morris Canal, both of 
which run past his doors. Many of the logs which were felled 
in the forests of Georgia and Alabama were sawed into boards 
and planks in this time-honored mill. 

Few industries have, perhaps, done more toward advancing 
the manufacturing interests of this city than the lumber industiy 
carried on under the well-known name of David Ripley & .Sons. 
Along with their extensive sawing and planing mill, the sons 
and Efrandsons who have succeeded the founder have added a 




WILLl.AM A. KII'LF.Y. 



box plant on a very extensive scale. 
Thousands of boxes go forth from 
their works to the great manufacturing 
establishments engaged in other lines 
of trade that requires them to ship their 
product to the marts of trade through- 
out the country. Besides filling success- 
fullyall the responsibililies attachingto 
such a large business, the present [iro- 
prietors have kept untarnished the 
badge of good citizenship, Mr. William 
A. Ripley having served as one of the 
first police commissioners of this city, 
and represented his ward in the Board 
of Chosen Freeholders and his assem- 
bly district in the State Legislature 
with credit to himself and satisfaction 
to his constituency. Mr. John \\'altles 
Ripley has also filled the responsible 
office of Alderman, representing the 
people of his ward with ability. After 
the death of John Wattles Ripley the 
new company was incorporated. 




( H.VRLES O RII'LEV. 



L'^t'> 



ESSEX CnCXTY, .V. ./.. ILLUSTRATED. 



M &M CUMMINGS&CO. 

Nr.WAKK si."'~ I-'' 
without a I: 
lc;alicr imliistry in ' 
wiirl.!. Thr ti.-r.-." 



I" 



.( 



iials into Icilhcr. is 



11 f 



s of 

irulv 



in '\m- 



I 



.1111 

mil 

np \^ .: .-, ' 

pnsl ilct.iile is considered, lluri- 
IS little wonder th.it the growth 
of the L-itv has been so pheno- 
■ when ii is acMed 
t money invested 
in leather-making enterprises, it 
mi>unls up to more than sixty 
millions of dollars. 

When the first tanner laid the 
foundations for the lime pit and 
tannery in the early history of 
the town, he in all probability 
built l)ctter than he knew. He 
little thought lh.it in his modest 

bei,'inninns he was lighting the spaik of .m industry that would 
He had much less thought that his modest 
ive the m.irvelous grow ih and deveiopmeiit 
which marks the greatness of this important branch of the 
manufacturing industries of New Jersey's metropolitan city in 
1897. The history of the leather industry is so interwoven with 
the rise and progress of the city of Newark itself, that in writ- 
ing the history of one, the statement of facts relates to the other. 
so close do the lines of their march run together. 

.Among the enterprising firms eng.aged in this great branch of 
Newark's industrial interests, is found that of M. & .M. 
Cummings 5; Co., leather manufacturers, whose extensive tan- 
neries arc situated on Marshall street, near Washington. The 
l>rautiful anil striking photograjihs of the men and their plant 




IIIS1 iJlIM* 




M. CUMMINGS \ CO., M.\R.SHALL STREET. 

on this page, are indeed trutliful representations of the tanning 
industry which they conduct with such marvelous success. 
Like thousands of the other industries conducted in the city 
of Newark, which have grown to their present great proportions, 
the business of this firm began life in a modest way in 1879, 
Mr. James Cummings being the founder. He remained alone 
ill the business until 1881, when his brothers John and Bernard 
takingan interest, the firm of B. Cummings & Bros, was organized. 
After the death of Bernard, which occurred July, 1S95, the 
present firm was organized in 1896. They are practical lanners, 
liaving learned the art in detail, thus becoming experts in the 
business. Their factories being fitted up with all the latest 
improvements in the art of tanning, and being fully equi|)ped 
with all the latest improved necessary appliances, and having in 




their employ a large corps of skilled 
workmen, leather bearing the imprint 
of fine workmanship and the stamp of 
hands that aie skilled, is the result. 
I'his house manufactures the finest 
grades of furniture, grain, bag. pocket- 
book, and an almost eiulless variety 
of fancy colored leather, all of which is 
noted for its superior (piality and 
finish. In few markets do the leathers 
of this firm need an introduction. 
They have become so well-known that 
goods bearing their stamp have only 
to be seen to be appreciated, aiid find 
.1 ready sale in all the markets of the 
United .States and Canada. The 
success wliii h has marked the career 
of this house is ;inolher of the denion- 
slrntions of the f;ict that it p.iys 
always to be well up in the theory of 
your adopted profession before at- 
tempting to pnictice it with any degree 
of profit. 




I"1IN CUMMINGS. 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



257 



PHOTO-ENGRAVING AND ELECTROTYPING. 

LONG before the magic block from which is produced iln 
the highly attractive illustrations, causing the reader to 
slop and in amazement, as it were, consider from whence they 
came and to what strange processes are they subjected, to liring 
them to that high stage of perfection as seen in the resultant 
picture is ready to take its place in the printer's form. It is 
pleasant to relate for the pleasure, delectation and edification of 
the readers of this beautiful souvenir book, that away up in the 
top loft of some sky-piercing building of these progressive days, 
on a little block of wood, was photographed the jjicture desired 
and then it was passed to the care of another, who in some quiet 
nook of a quiet room ties it down and sets at work with the 
engraver's tool and in a very short time, under a strong light, 
he works up the lines necessar)' for the completion of the block. 
From thence a transformation takes place and the innocent little 
block of wood is ready to take its prominent place alongside his 
plainer and meeker and less pretentious brother types." Strai 



tappr brightly burning and ever directed to show sorrow •'■■■> 
lie way. To Seebcck Bros., who have made the great in: 
of the rare and beautiful plates which will ever make 1l--se>v 
COUNIV, N. J., ll.LUSrRATKD the souvenir of many families, 
who will treasure it as among the choicest, when the end comes, 
of their bequest and the rarest of the gifts. 

The headquarters of this great house, which made famous the 
name of Seebeck Bros., is located at 41 Beekman and 66 William 
streets. New York city, where they employ nearly or quite 100 
of the best learned artists in the land. The annual output from 
this great and popular branch of art industry, reaches every 
part of the country. The engraving art came into existence 
earlier, perhaps, than many of its sister industries, and long since 
she took her place at the front and has so fortified her position that 
all over the world, in hex branch and line, there have risen none 
to chalffenge her proud position. Wherever engravings of a fine 
character are known, and the question is asked, who makes the 
rarest, the (iiiest nnd choicest, the name of Seebech Bros, will 
f assuring and convincing tones. The 











is it not ? A daub of ink here, a spatter of the same there, a 
turn of a wheel, the sing of steel, and the work of an illustration 
is completed. No tribute appearing on the pages of this book 
is more deserving than this, which is designed to bring the 
readers and the authors of the mass of engravings which find place 
on its leaves, more closely together, that each may learn from the 
other how closely all are allied ; and to us, as we write, nothing 
gives more real satisfaction and unalloyed pleasure than to tell 
somewhat of the secrets of art and their cunning devices, then ask 
our readers to delve within them and secure what they may of 
the solid, as we lift the curtain or shade, with an only regret 
that we cannot do more. How natural and sad, and yet how 
appropo to the truth does it seem, that when our best work is 
done, and art's very best endeavor, which saw the answering 
smile even flash from the stone, whereon it had labored, but the 
thought, why didn't I do better arises and clings persistently on 
to the " leadiiiL' slriivjs." where hope is well in advance with her 



engravings, illustrating this souvenir of Essex County, N. J. 
Ii.LUSTRA I'Kn, were made by three engraving houses, the 
Hagopian Photo Co., the Schuetz Photo-Iingraving Co.. which, 
was annexed to the eleclrotyping plant of Seebeck Bros., in 
1865, since which time it has been known as the Seebeck Bros. 
Photo-engraving and Electrotyping Company, of 41 Beekman 
street and 166 William street. New Vml- .itx Air S, I:ii,-i/ rnn- 
tinues with the nr.v company and is 

ing department, being an experienced piioio engraver wmi a 
practical knowledge of the entire business, and the designer of 
this work herewith publicly acknowledges the many acts of 
courtesy shown to him by Mr. Schuelz, in person, while coni- 
|)iling this souvenir. The wonderful improvements made in the 
engraving art during the past quarter of a century has enabled 
book publishers to profusely illustrate their works, and among 
the numerous plants engaged in the trade there is none stands 
higher than the firm of Seebeck Brothers. 



/ cv.;- -^- 



'r^■7■l. -V. J., JLU'STR ATFn. 



THE 




A L- ]) .1 r I - 

e Aclcnic 

iiiiil- 

1. jiil; an 

■ of pholo- 

'! was 

• ■ him 

IS Mr. Ha},'<)])ian 

('nllip.llU', iii'l 






tciial and wurkmaii- 
sliip arc required, as 
well as for all-around 
work, over ihe numer- 
ous processes now in 
use. The luni make a 
<pe(-ta!lv 'if prodticinfj; 



and copper. E s i i - 

males, etc , cheerfuil) 

furnished upon appli- 

Kui iisii. cation to the company. 

The work performed 

ihese enterprising citizens have made a complete revolution 

1,1 Liic civ.;ravin:j; business. Especially is this so in the immense 

rciliRtion of the cost of illustrating such works as this, which, 

\, would have been, so far as the beautiful plates 

, ten limes what this company has been enabled 

to |Mci(hice them for, under their late improved, scientific and 

artistic methods, the work acconiplishnl I,. In • , m: ili is i...,„l 

if not belter, ih.ui if 



It " 

oW: 
an<l 



')y tl 

.■\ fill 

itislvui" dein 



le 




i 

-i 

9 



fc-N<,,i<A\ INu. 



onstr.ition of this 
fact can be seen by 
ihe least observant, 
as the pa.nes are 
turned, upon each 
of which in all their 
Ijcauly of line and 
perfection of detail, 
they are seen. If 
fai r ' nee is 

ne' inith- 

fulness nl tlie statement of the wonderful saving the new pro- 
< I s-,1 s of this company have achieved, the e\ idence which would 
|i • unvincing to the most exacting, can be had from the 
compiler of I'.SSKX CouNi V, N. J., 1 l.tA'STKATIsD, in the happy 
result of the mighty saving which these artists have made possi- 
ble for him. It has been a very pleasant sur|)rise to him in 
prociiiing m.-ili i ; ' ', r ;liis beautiful work, to know that such 

<■ 1 (• g a n t engravings 
^^ '1; could be produced for 

such a small sum of 
money. In the illus- 
trations shown on this 
page the publisher has 
1 ml. unred to give the 
some idea of 
How xwr beautiful ■ h- 
gra\ ings are |>rodui 1 
In the first place, il is 
necessary to have a 
I'Kooi i.si;. |)hotograph, which is 

placed in the hands of 
'. whose skillful touches remove defects. When the 
he required size, and a good 
•A to the etching room, where 
ilie .1. id. riiinbincd with the etcher's skill, produce the reqiiii' 'I 

" ' ' ' '■ \''rwards the plate comes to the routing dep.u i- 

1- m.icliinery removes the useless parlii !■ s. 
li iM).', luHiLs 111 t; removes all defects and then 

!■> the proofer, wli. ; printed impression. 




ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



259 



THEODORE PERRY. 

THE consumption of coal and wood in a manu- 
facturing cit)- litce Newark is so vast tliat the 
trade necessarily involves considerations of vast 
importance, and the increasing demand for these 
two staple articles has attained proportions of 
great magnitude. Large capital and men of energy- 
are continually being attracted to the traffic, and 
in this connection we mention, with pleasure, the 
name of Theodore Perry, a life-like photo of whom 
will be foimd among the illustrations. This enter- 
prising citizen is a native of Morris County, he 
ha\-ing been raised and received his early educ.i- 
tion in Hunderton County, and by trade is a housr 
painter. Coming to Newark in 1882 he commenceil 
in a small way his present business on Campbell 
street, and has occupied his present extensive an' 
centrally located quarters since 1887. The plant is 
situated at Nos. 405 and 407 Market street and 
runs through to Passaic avenue, with an entrance 
on both thoroughfares. The premises are well 
equipped with steam power and large sheds. Mr. 
Perry makes a specialty of delivering only the best grades of well 
screened coal of any required size to manufacturers and fami- 
lies. Wood is cut and split to suit the purchaser, and he is the 
general agent in this city for the Standard Wood Co. 




I'HOTOGIi.-M'HED BY U M. 1 . Cu.\ L, 7y4 L KuAl 



N. J. 



ROBERT BLAIR, 

THERE is indeed every excuse for classing the profession of 
the plumber among the very high branches of the mechani- 
cal arts, and the beneficial results of sanitary plumbing can only 
be secured by the employment of practical and experienced 
mechanics. Among the many able representatives of this pro- 
fession in the city of Newark, we take pleasure in mentioning 
the name of Mr. Robert Blair, whose well-equipped work shop 
is located at No. 419 Market, where he conducts a general busi- 
ness in the line of plumbing, gas fitting, tin, copper and galvan- 
ized iron working. A specialty is made of sewer and water 
connections; contract work and jobbing in these branches receive 
his personal attention and are executed in a workmanlike man- 



ner. Estimates are furnished on all work relating to any branch 
of his trade, and satisfaction is guaranteed on every job executed. 
The excellence of his workmanship and the reasonable charges 
have secured him a reputation that is fully deserved. The 
excellent photo on page 260, speaks for the man better than 
anything we could say in his favor. 



WILLIAM JACOBL 



THERE is no trade better or more ably represented in Essex 
County than that of the plumliing, steam and gas 
litting industry. One of our best known plumbers is Mr. Wm. 
Jacobi, of No. 72 Commerce street. The business now con- 
ducted by him was established thirty-five years ago by Mr. B. 
Assmann, with whom Mr. Jacobi was connected during five 
years, and to whom he succeeded in 1883. He carries a heavy 
stock of plumbers', steam and gas fitters' supplies, as well as 
the best makes of stoves, ranges, furnaces, etc., also tinware 
and sheet metal specialties. Mr. Jacobi is prepared to furnish 




WILLIAM MORRISON, PHOTOGIi Al'UliU. 



estimates and to enter into contracts for 
plumbing, lighting, ventilating, heating, 
steam and gas fitting, executing all work 
promptly. He makes a specialty of copper 
work, including hatters' cones, copper 
kettles and coils, round and oval copper 
pans for jewelers. Another prominent 
s|)ecialty of this house is the manufacture 
of balconies, in which a very large trade 
is done throughout the United States as 
well as in foreign countries. The sub- 
ject of our sketch was born in Ger- 
many, and has resided in Newark for the 
past twenty-five years. He is recognized 
as one of our leading tradesmen, and is a 
popular member of the Germania and 
Aurora Singing Societies, and is financial 
secretary of the Master Plumbers' Asso- 
ciation. The life-like illustration, which is 
presented on page 214 of this beautiful 
souvenir, speaks louder of this enterpris- 
ing citizen and mechanic, than any words 
we could say, and all who know him will 
vouch for our assertions. 




J. RENNIE SiMITH, PHOTOGRAPHER. 



■>,l) 




kOKKRT BI.AIK 



nSSEX COLWTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED 

HUBERT BOOTH. 



WHKN we take into consideration 
the various industries which 
have aided materially in the steady 
progress and prosperity of Newark's 
manufacturing and commercial inter- 
ests, it will be readily seen that a 
review of the city's linancial and busi- 
ness men would be far from complete 
were ihiy not to include some of those 
known under the head of business 
exchanges and real estate agencies. 

.■\ considerable amount of business 
is annually transacted by the enter- 
[)rising men who are included in this 
calling and there must be something 
that warrants satisfactory results, 
otherwise men like Mr. Hubert Booth 
would not embark or continue in the 
calling. 

He tlrst beheld the light of day in 

the village of Waldron, Orange Coun- 

IV, N. Y., in i860, his parents reniov- 

He is a graduate of Newark schools 




in BF.KT BOOTH. 



ing to this city in 1S64. 

and learned the cutlery trade with his father, who was the first 

to manufacture pocket knives in Essex County. Mr. Booth, a 

lifi'-likr [ihnio nf whom is herewith presented, continued in the 

^ with his father until 1893. when he started in 

^elf ; his otVues are Incited in rooms 2, 3 and 4. on 

the second tioor in the Clinton Building. No. 22 Clinton street. 

Here he devotes his personal attention to buying and selling 

business opportunities of all kinds. He procures partners and 

capital when desired and makes a specialty of exchanging real 

csiaif fnr business. In this particular branch Mr. Booth has 

successful : in fact, he is one of the acknowledged 

■ New Jersey in this line. 

GEORGE HEALY. 

THK common people, or the working classes as they are 
commonly termed, have enilured. without a murmur, the 
industrial depressions of the p.isl four ve.irs and are now in a 



position to appreciate and enjoy a season of continual pros- 
perity. Confidence, which is, perhaps, the shortest road to 
activity in business, has been partially restored by the people 
and there is every prospect that the change in the National 
Government will tend to the opening of many idle factories and 
millsthroughout the country, in this hope we will now mention 
the name of Mr. George Healy, an excellent photo of whom is 
herewith presented. He was born in the North of England, in 
1834, coming to this country with his parents in his eighth year. 
After receiving a common school etlucation he learned the trade 
of toolmakerand machinist blacksmith. In 1875 heconinienced 
business for himself and by close attention built up a fine trade. 



HENRY C. KLEMM, ARCHITECT. 

MONG the many able and well known citizens of Newark 
have been, and are now connected with the architec- 
tural profession, few, if any. are better known than the subject 
of this sketch, Henry C. Klemm, a life-like photo of whom is 



AMON( 
who 




presented in the illustrations on p.ige 
219. and whose office and draughting 
rooms are located in the Coles Build- 
ing, corner Market and Mulberry 
streets. .Speciinens of his skill and 
ability are visible all over the city, 
i'or several years he ably representetl 
the citizens of the Twelfth Ward in 
the School Board, and was honored 
b) being elected president of the Board 
of Education. In the Iron ISound 
District there are few men more popu- 
lar with the people than Henry C. 
Klemm. He is largely identified with 
the many interests of the eastern sec- 
tion of the city and is connected with 
numerous organizations, and is a 
(lirctlor of the Security Building and 
Loan Association. He was identified 
with the new Custom House and Post 
nilice, as well as many of the useful 
.ind elegant fire engini' houses and 
school buildings, all over the citv. 




rilHODoHE I'KKKV. 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



261 



CLAYTON-HOFF CO 

SIN'CE the advent nf the trolley, 
with its treasured lightning 
advantages, came to take the place 
of the plodding Dobbin, a revolu- 
tion was wrought in ihe use of 
the horse, the first and more im- 
portant of which was found in its 
attack on the livery stables, hun- 
dreds of which went, for lack of 
business, to Davy Jones' locker, 
hopelessly and forever lost. Stables 
filled with fair stock and shed-, 
covering vehicles with which nom 
would complain and long familiar 
to patrons and friends, were lost 
from sight. Vet there were sonir 
standing on foundations so posi- 
tively strong that they could not be 
shaken, and among these few in 
Essex County, is the Halsey stret : 
establishment of the Clayton-Holt 
Co., which has survived the light- 
ning flash and trolley dash and is 

now doing a handsome business and paying fair dividends from 
realized profits. It is safe to say that this company has passed 
a crisis, in the special business lines in which they are engaged, 
that can show few, if any equals, in its ruinous effects and the 
herculean strength of its crushing work and the far reaching of 
its paralyzing inlluences. Not alone has this company had to 
meet the contending hosts of Edison, Wtston and others, who 
make play with electricity and magnetism, make music and sing 
songs on the sol. fa. system and tin horn combination, which 
keep people's feet tapping and holding people's closest atten- 
tion till the wee snia' hours of the morning. With all these 
powerful influences to work against, the Clayton & Hoff Com. 
pany continues to do business. Horses and wagons are hired 
out yearly to merchants and business men for delivering and 
carting goods of every description ; they also have a large 




IHE CI,.\VTON-HOFF CO., LIVERV STABLES, ON HALSKV STUEET. 



Storage warehouse and large vans for moving pianos and furni- 




WARU, LIECEASKD. 



ture to and from any section of the State. A large " Tally-Ho" 
coach has been added to the stock, which is the only one of its 
kind in Esse.x County, and is much used by pleasure parties, 
clubs, associations, etc., for day or evening outings. The plant 
is well stocked with stages, nuiabouts. tra])s, buggies, wagons, 
etc., which may be hired at all hours. The question may be 
asked : " Why prosperity smiles on the Clayton-Hoff Co., when 
others have gone down under the avalanche of trolley cars and 
bicycles ?" Our answer is, the Clayton-Hoff Co. warded off every 
threatened danger and barricaded, with huge rocks of good 
judgment, every vulnerable place, and the danger passed with- 
out even phazing the concern on the lines of either its financial 
or business standing. As we wrote of this concern in another 
place a few years since, we can repeat now, only with decidedly 
more emphasis, viz., elegance, care, cleanliness and dispatch, 
are the leading words in Clayton-Hoff Co.'s business directory. 

.'Xre you in pursuit of a gentle saddle horse, a light buggy or heavy rig, either 

stylish or plain, tlie place to get it is at this companv's stables, located a few- 
minutes' walk from 

Market Street, on 

Halsey street, in the city 

of Newark, and at Nos. 

217, 219 221, on the 

westerly side of the 

same. In looking over 

the establishment, any 

\isitor is first struck 

with the marvelous 

ilegree of cleanliness 

observed throughout 

every department. That 

there is a place for 

('\erything and that 

everything is in its 

place, the observer will 

note at a glance. That 

there is a man of pluck 

and business vim at the 

head is known, and in 

this establishment Chas. 

W. Clayton is the head. captain vv. i;. uoppek. 




r 




L 



ESSEX COUNTY, X. J., ILLUSTRATED. 

JAMES AHEARN, 



THE lily of Newark was noted in 
former years as the centre of the 
tarriage and wagon industry of tlie 
Inited States. Many extensive and 
well equipped manufacturing plants 
devoted to this branch of trade were 
to be found in every section of the 
city. .Among the many able and enter- 
prising citizens who represent this 
branch of business at the present lime, 
we mention with pleasure the name of 
Mr. James Abeam, whose works are 
located at Nos. 13 to 23 Jefferson 
street, near Market. The subject of 
this sketch first beheld the light of 
day in the historical land of the sham- 
rock, in 1S38. coming to America with 
his p.-irents in his fourteenth year. 
.After receiving a limited education in 
the schools of New York he was ap- 
prenticed to Mr. John I,. Coe, the well- 
known carriage and wagon builder of 



_J 




ClIAKl.lCS J. SCHL'ICTZ. 



phase of the values of the various sections of the city and the 
prospects of a rise or decline in prices. This latter can be 
mastered only by becoming thoroughly conversant with the 
locality, marking its past improvements, its future prospects of 
growth and the likelihood of ])rominency — that is, whether the 
growth and development of the locality is liable to continue, in- 
definitely, or after a time lose its vim. In this connection we 
have the pleasure of mentioning the name of Mr. Charles J. 
.Schuetz, whose office is located at No. 836 Broad street, in the 
Central Railroad Building, were he conducts a general real 
estate business, buying, selling and exchanging property. 



FRANK A. WHITE. 



AMONG the many young and able untlerlakers of this city, 
we take pleasure in mentioning the name of Mr. Frank 



that city. He came to Newark in 1862 and worked at his trade 
for a period of ten years, when he started in business for him- 
self, nn<I for the past (piarler of a century has successfully con- 
ducted tin- building and repairing of light and heavy wagons 
and trucks, which are noted for their durability and workman- 
ship. Mr. .Aht.irn is a practical mechanic and havinga thorough 
knowledge of his trade, with a well-cciuipped plant, he is now^ 
in a position to offi-r inducements to those who want anew 
wagon or truck l)uill, or an old one repaired or made over equal 
to new. He is ably assi'^led in the management of the business 
|,v his son. Mr. James .Miearn. Jr., who is a Newarker by birth 

.md an artist in lettering by trade. Life-like 

■ ■nler|irising citizens aie presented on this page. 

CHARLES J. SCHUETZ. 

ONE of the \cry bet accomplishments that is required of a A. White, an excellent photo of whom is presented on this page, 

man who makes the calling of real estate his profession. He has succeeded to the business of his former employer, the 

is thai he l)Cconic possessed tif a positive knowledge of every late E. B. Woodruff, and from all indications the samecourteous 

Irealnunt will be continued in the future which have characterized this well known 
and long established undertaking house in the past. Mr. White is a practical em- 
balnier. having graduated from the United States College of Embalming, of New 
York city, and is a life-long Newarker, having been born and educated in the schools 
of this city. The office and warerooms are 
Iccated at No. 906 Broad, corner Green streets, 
and are well ecpiipped with everything in the 
line of funeral requisites. Every detail is 
promptly attended to at all hours of the day 
and night and on the most reasonable terms. 
The record made by this house in the past is 
of ;i character to commend it unreservedly to 
I he cnnli<lence of the public. Mr. White gives 
his personal attention to every detail of his 
<alling and is a worthy representative of the 
funeral directors of this city. His warerooms 
are connected by telcphime, which is No. 228. 
old and new systems. It was at the re(|uesl of 
the surviving widow of the Lite Enoch B. Wood- 
I ruff, that Mr. White assumed control of the 
business which has been so honorably con- 

' dueled during the last half a century, and is 

Mvus A.UAMN one of the oldrsi funeral houses in the city. j,^„,..s ahkakn, JK. 



i*^ 





ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 

THE E. ALSDORF CO. 



263 



NO business has had in the past ten years, and indeed is now having, 
such a successful run in this country, and throughout the world, 

as that in which the above mentioned firm are engaged, that of the 

manufacture, sale and exchange and repairing of bicycles. The wheel. 

as it is now termed, has a popularity never before enjoyed by any 

mechanical device. Great establishments, with immense capital, all 

over the world, are turning out wheels, not by the thoasand, but the 

hundreds of thousands, and giving employment to hundreds of thous- 
ands of men and women. A visit to the establishment of the E. 

Alsdorf Co., would not be only instructive, but full of interest, whether 

the desire of the visitor lies in the direction of a purchase of a wheel, 

for their own delectation or amusement, or just to see them in their 

sparkling beauty when new. and before they have been taken to the 

road to answer the call of the rider, fast or slow. Here they will find 

the cycles harnessed for the show, standing in their neat little stalls. 

like petted racers; equines, tireless indeed, always ready, without oats, 

hay, straw or fodder of any kind, the owner touches the pedal, this 

carrier steed is off and away to wherever the gentlest touch may guide. 

So easy a lesson has the riding of the bicycle become that it requires. 

for a novice even, only a few hoins study and practice to learn. We 

were wont to wonder but a few years since, where the little children 

got their wee little wheels, but that wonder has long ceased, since a 

visit to the E. Alsdorf Co.'s warerooms opened up the secret, where 

carefully stalled in their capacious exhibition and salesroom, bright 

as brand new buttons, were ranged in order and in all sizes, children's 

wheels, as well as wheels for people full grow-n. some of the former, 

that is to say, some of the little ones, were just as cunning and cute 

as cunning and cute could be, and we became satisfied, right soon, 

that they came from the E. Alsdorf Co., or some other like concern, 

who knew just how to cater for the young. Now you have the expla- 
nation, why silver hair and ruddy cheeks looked so pretty and smiled 

so sweet, as they returned a salute as their wheel rolled by. 

It's the happy boy or girl who can persuade pater faiiiilias to yield 

his objections, financially, to buying the pretty wheel. Since the most 

of the youngsters go mounted, the major part must have succeeded in 

levelling all obstacles. We trust it will not be considered in the line 

of giving away a secret when we say that the E. Alsdorf Co. had 

much to do in conferring that boon upon the ladies, of giving them a share in the 
])leasant recreation from which they had before been barred by a foolish pre- 
judice. After the visitor has furnished himself, or himself and family, with the 
means of locoinotion and pleasure seeking, he nuist not forget that the New 
Home Sewing Machine has its 
abiding place with the E. Als- 
dorf Co., thousands of which this 
company has transferred to the 
sewing rooms of the ladies, all 
of which have proven satisfac- 
tory, for the New Home, is 
indeed, the peerless among ma- 
chines. Up from the workshop 
comes the cycle and sewing 
machine in excellent order and 
neatly repaired. But yet the most 
musical part of the busines story 
remains untold. The story is 
simple and easily explained. 
Everybody in this world has a 
mission to fill : their's is to put 
into homes one of their sw'eel- 
toned pianos on such easy terms 
the payments will be hardly felt. 




THE E. AI.SDORK CO. S STORE. 




E. ALSDOKF, TREASUKICR AND MANAGER 



Next to the New Home conies 
the piano for the household. 




J. HOL.MES, PKESIUENT. 



I'lU 



nssEX cnrxTv. n. j., illustrated. 



J H. AND W C 



RCHITECTS. 



Nl ^lowth ill wealth ami 

I (leinuui for a class uf 
e oi the hij^hcst v< uhile graceful 

, !ij; to the eye. will ..: . :■• scope for the 

ilesiKner to embody every requirement in his design for 
The modern school ol architecture, as 
1 with numeios modil'icalioiis to suit the 
iailv demonstrated in the 
■hn H. and Wilson C. Ely. 
uhose neat and ueil equipped oflice and draughlin;; 
rooms arc located over the Newark City National 15ank, 
Corner ISroad and Clinton Streets. This firm makes a 
^ .ind drawing plans for large struc- 
experience with some of the best 
w| ilic country, as assistants or superintend- 
i.e them to feel fully qualified for any com- 
mission with which they may be intrusted. 

In early life the members of this firm manifested an 
aptitude for this honorable profession, and have been 
1 in business for a number of years. The 
liber of the firm is a thorough and experienced 
suiierintendent, having served a number of years in the 
employment of the government, and is highly esteemed 
from a social standpoint. He came to this city many 
years ago from New Hope, Hucks County, Pennsylvania, 
where he was born on June 13, 1S51. In 1891 he repre- 
• itizens of the Fifth Ward very ably in the Com- 
Lil,and was re-elected in 1S94, being one of the 
few Democrats who withstood the political avalanche of that 
year. On the organization of the Council in 1895. he was 
unanimously chosen as president, and served with marked 
ability. During his career .as alderman he was the recog- 
nized leader of his party, and introduced many beneficial 
measures which through his untiring efforts were enacted 
into laws. 

The junior member of the firm, Wilson C. Kly, is 
twenty-five years old and was educated in this city. Al 
the age of sixteen, after having finished his school 
course, he was apprenticed to Architect j. H. Lindsley, in whose 
employ he served four years. After being in the employ of 
architects in this and New York City, he launched out in busi- 
ness for himself in an ofTicc with his father. Mr. Ely is an 
instructor in Architectural dr.iwing in the Free Drawing School 
on Washington Street, which position he has filled for three 




PROGRESS CLUB HOUSE, o.N Wl.sl I'AkK STREET. 

years with credit to himself. His ability has been most fully 
displ.iyed in his plans for the new City Hospital, where he out- 
stripped thirteen other architects, and won the competition by 
the unanimous vote of the consulting architects and the com- 
mittee. The many friends of this prosperous firm predict for 
them a bright future. Their photos are presented on this page. 




imiN II. KI.V. 



J J. KRONENBERGER. 

\ \ (Jl'NG and enterprising business man who is making his 
i\ energy and ability felt in the cigar trade of this city, is 
Mr. J. J. Kionenberger. a photo of whom is presented on page 
icx>. He devotes personal supervision over every department, 
from the selection of the leaf to the p.icking of the finished 
i igars, and his choicest brands have the reputation of being th. 
tqual of any cigar on the market. The factory is located ai 
No. 33 Darcy Street and is admirably equipped with every im- 
provement known to the cigar trade. Mr. Kionenberger is a 
practical mechanic with a thorough knowledge of the profession 
in which he is engaged, and is one o( the representative youn- 
business men ol the city, who h;is made his mark by close 
attention to the common sense side of business. He is well 
and favorably known in the cigar trade for his sterling qualities 
of honesty and reliability, f.ictors that have gained for him a 
good line of customers and .i steady and reliable tr.ide. 




1 1 . ■> I ) ,N i . t- i . i , 



ESSEX COUNTY, N. J., ILLUSTRATED. 



265 




SCHILL'S PHOTOGRAPHIC GALLERY, CORNER MARKET AND 



WASHLXGTON STREETS. 



2<'>ii 



ESSEX COUXTY, N. /.. ILLUSTRATED. 



;..u L...D OF ALL, 

As " must li.ivc .III end. wliclliiT tlit-y be inalfrial or 

ihi- niaUiiii; of lliis honk, tlioufjli ihe work of 
■s iTUiiiilane and come lo a 
jil.icc where the letter press 
ends, we cm write, " It is linished," and with grace and pleas- 
ure, jjrace l>oth to the collator and writer — the artist never tires 
.ind plea.sure to the thousands use fondly hope), who will 
-.to iheir own cdilication and scan the 
with which it abounds. We trust that, 
s Lot'MN, N. J.. Il l.fsTKA I Kr>, shall have been 
if I 111 has passed the unruly pencils of selfish 
criiio. II w jilace on thecentre table to be studied and 

treasured, .i^ . ■■ u.i lur sliould lie, I'pon those who may play 



work is finished, and the silver lining (always in sight), has dis- 
appeared with the clouds ; when thousands have gone to the 
wall, and projects of beautiful promise to the promoters have 
either ceased to live or are struggling to exist, while marching 
lo the camping ground of the dead, in the cemetery over yonder, 
or lie packed away in the " skeleton closet," waiting for a more 
prosperous tiine and the dawning of a better day (which may 
never come), but to privilege him, of wasted energy, to take one 
last look before taking up his march to the cemetery gate, where 
thousands of familiar forms have passed before him. We have no 
desire to write anything which may [)rove dispiriting, but W'hen 
we see so many brave and willing hearts struggling to reach 
the goal of their ambition, fall by the way and find only that 
rest which was never vouchsafed them here on earth, a cloud of 
sadness will come up, and persistently refuse to be brushed 




the critic in ih r 
earned, w 

m. . V.., 

1 

I 

I; 
M 



uicndlim-ss whirh they have so well 

iiisons of love, and ask their indulg- 

..mrial distress have dashed high over 

i.flort. an<l have thre.itcned to overwhelm 



I' ■ t crc tl ' 
h Ihe I 



! letter press and illustra- 
rs that were w.iiting to 



forms as the hook binding 
•' '■ e. It is an old saving, 

■ly Writ, that ■• behind the darkest clouds the 

^- ining." .ind that the bellowing whirlwinds ,in<l 

fearful c). lones arc lighted through space by their beautiful 
'•■ '-rs which 

' hings, this 



Cl-..\ti;iliRv. 



aside or leave the way. This sentence is not penned for aught 
but the one purpose, of drawing men's thoughts to the " straight 
and narrow way," and that they may take a look at the section 
of one of our beautiful cities of the dead, to which all are tend- 
ing, and which has been, by our artist, so marvelously trans- 
ferred lo this page, with its beautiful Clawson Monument, as if 
standing guard at ihe final roll calling close up to the gate, a 
mute witness of the settlement of inany disputes which had 
their origin where human interests cross and clash. Whatever 
thai was, be it large or small, grave or gay, has little to do when 
the final reekoninj,' is made ; the i)rincipals continue to draw 
nearer, till life's fitful glare is over and they shake hands and 
cry quits in full view of those beautiful cemetery grounds. 



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